and it is said to have been
descended
from Ma- (Trebell Poll.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - a
c.
I.
p.
2.
considered to be much more ancient ; and by
ed. Dietz) to have made an epitome of his father's Choulant (Handbuch der Bücherkunde für die
anatomical writings. Galen speaks of that part of Aeltere Medicin, Ed. 2. Leipzig, 1840, 8vo. ), on
his work which treated of the Dissection of the the other hand, he is placed as late as the second
Muscles as being held in some repute in his time half of the first century after Christ. He is most
(ilnid. ), and he always mentions his tutor with re probably the same person who is quoted by Galen
spech (ibid. c. 7, 22, pp. 11, 57. ) During the (De Compos. Medicam. secund. Locos, iv. 7, vol.
prevalence of an epidemic in Italy, Aelianus is xii. p. 730) simply by the name of Aelius. He
said by Galen (De Theriaca ad Pamphil ibid. ) to wrote several Greek medical works, which are still
have used the Theriaca (Did. of Ant. art. The to be found in manuscript in different libraries
riaca) with great success, both as a means of cure in Europe, but of which none (as far as the writer
and also as a preservative against the disease. He is aware) have ever been published, though Kuhn
must have been a person of some celebrity, as this intended his works to have been included in his
same anecdote is mentioned by the Arabic Histo collection of Greek medical writers. Some extracts
rian Abú 'l-Faraj (Histor. Compend. Dynast. p. from one of his works entitled Avvapepov,* Medis
77), with exactly the same circumstances except cinalium Formularum Collectio, are inserted by C.
that he makes the epidemic to have broken out at G. Kühn in his Additam. ad Elench. Med. Vet. a
Antioch instead of in Italy. None of his works J. A. Fabricio in “ Bibl. Gr. " Exhib. , and by Bona
(as far as the writer is aware) are now extant. in his Tractatus de Scorbuto, Verona, 1781, 4to.
(W. A. G. ) Two other of his works are quoted or mentioned
AELIA'NUS, PLAUTIUS, offered up the by Hieron. Mercurialis in his Variae Lectiones, iii.
prayer as pontifex, when the first stone of the 4, and his work De Venenis et Morbis Venenosis,
new Capitol was laid in a. D. 71. (Tac. Hist. iv. i. 16, ü. 2; and also by Schneider in his Prefaces
53. ) We learn from an inscription (Gruter, p. 453; to Nicander's Theriaca, p. xi. , and Alexipharmacom
Orelli, n. 750), that his full name was Ti. Plantius p. xix.
(W. A. G. ]
Silvanus Aelianus, that he held many important
AELLO. (HARPYIAE ]
military commands, and that he was twice consul. AELLOPUS ('Aelónous), a surname of Iris,
His first consulship was in a. D. 47 ; the date of the messenger of the gods, by which she is de
his second is unknown.
scribed as swift-footed like a storm-wind. Homer
AELIANUS TA'CTICUS(Alnavós Tautukós) uses the form dexótos. (Il. viii. 409. ) [L. S. ]
was most probably a Greek, but not the same as AELURUS. (TIMOTHEUS AELURUS. )
Claudius Aelianus. He lived in Rome and wrote • AEMILIA. 1. A vestal virgin, who, when
a work in fifty-three chapters on the Military Tac- the sacred fire was extinguished on one occasion,
tics of the Greeks (Tiepl EtpatoyTážewn prayed to the goddess for her assistance, and mira-
'EXAmpice), which he dedicated to the emperor | culously rekindled it by throwing a piece of her
Hadrian. He also gives a brief account of the garment upon the extinct embers. (Dionys. ii.
constitution of a Roman army at that time. The 68 ; Val
. Max. i. 1. $7. )
work arose, he says (Dedic. ), from a conversation 2. The third daughter of L. Aemilius Paullus,
he bad with the emperor Nerva at Frontinus's who fell in the battle of Cannae, was the wife of
house at Formiae. 'He promises a work on Scipio Africanus I. and the mother of the celebrated
Naval Tactics also; but this, if it was written, Cornelia, the mother of the Gracchi. She was of
is lost. The first edition of the Tactics (a very a mild disposition, and long survived her husband.
bad one) was published in 1532; the next, much Her property, which was large, was inherited by
better, was by Franciscus Robortellus, Venice, her grandson by adoption, Scipio Africanus II. ,
1552, 4to. , which contains a new Latin version by who gave it to his own mother Papiria, who had
the editor, and is illustrated with many cuts. The been divorced by his own father L. Aemilius.
best edition is that printed by Elzevir at Leyden,
1613. It is usually found bound up with Leo's
Tactica (Leo).
Avvapepov is a word used by the later Greek
It was translated into Latin first by Theodorus writers, and is explained by Du Cange (Gloss. Med.
of Thessalonica. This translation was published et Infim. Graecit. ) to mean vis, virtus. It is how
at Rome, 1487, together with Vegetius, Frontinus, ever frequently used in the sense given to it in the
and Modestus. It is printed also in Robortellus's text. See Leo, Conspect. Medic. iv. 1, ll. ap
edition, which therefore contains two Latin ver- Ermerin. Anecd. Med. Graec. pp. 153, 157.
## p. 30 (#50) ##############################################
30
AEMILIANUS.
AENEAS.
SPIVS
(Polyb. xxxii. 12 ; Diod. Exc. xxxi. ; Val. Max. gether with his son Volusianus by his own soldiers.
vi. 7. & 1; Plut. Aem. 2; Liv. xxxviii. 57. ) Aemilianus was acknowledged by the senate, but
3. The third daughter of L. Aemilius Paullus was slain after a reign of three or four months by his
Macedonicus was a little girl when her father was soldiers near Spoletum, on the approach of Valeri-
appointed consul a second time to conduct the war anus. According to other accounts he died a
against Perseus. Upon returning home after bis natural death. (Zosimus, i. 28, 29; Zonaras, rii.
election he found her in tears, and upon inquiring 21, 22 ; Eutrop. ix. 5; Aurel Vict. de Cass. 31,
the reason she told him that Perseus had died, Epit. 31. )
which was the name of her dog ; whereupon he
exclaimed “ I accept the omen," and regarded it
as a pledge of his success in the war. (Cic. de
Div. i. 46, ïi. 40; Plut. Aem. 10. )
4. Aemilia Lepida. (LEPIDA. ]
5. A vestal virgin, who was put to death B. C.
114 for having committed incest upon several oc-
casions. She induced two of the other vestal
virgins, Marcia and Licinia, to commit the same
crime, but these two were acquitted by the ponti-
fices, when Aemilia was condemned, but were
subsequently condemned by the praetor L. Cassius.
(Plut. Quaest. Rom. p. 284 ; Liv. Epit. 63 ; 3. One of the thirty tyrants (A. D. 259——268)
Orosius, v. 15; Ascon. in Cic. Mil. p. 46, ed. was compelled by the troops in Egypt to assume
Orelli. )
the purple. He took the surname of Alexander or
AEMI'LIA GENS, originally written AIMI- Alexandrinus. Gallienus sent Theodotus against
LIA, one of the most ancient patrician houses at him, by whom he was taken and sent prisoner to
Rome. Its origin is referred to the time of Numa Gallienus. Aemilianus was strangled in prison.
and it is said to have been descended from Ma- (Trebell Poll. Trig. Tyr. 22, Gallien. 4, 5. )
mercus, who received the name of Aemilius on ac- AEMILIANUS (who is also called Aemilius)
count of the persuasiveness of his language (Si' lived in the fifth century after Christ, and is
aluvalay Nóyou). This Mamercus is represented known as a physician, confessor, and martyr. In
by some as the son of Pythagoras, and by others the reign of the Vandal King Hunneric (A. D.
as the son of Numa, while a third account traces 477-484), during the Arian persecution in Africa,
his origin to Ascanius, who had two sons, Julius he was most cruelly put to death. The Romish
and Aemylos. (Plut. Aemil. 2, Num. 8, 21; Festus, church celebrates his memory on the sixth of De
8. v. Aemil. ) Amulius is also mentioned as one cember, the Greek church on the seventh. (Mar-
of the ancestors of the Aemilii. (Sil. Ital. viii. 297. ) tyrol. Rom. ed. Baron. ; Victor Vitensis, De Per.
It seems pretty clear that the Aemilii were of secut. Vandal. v. 1, with Ruinart's notes, Paris.
Sabine origin; and Festus derives the name Ma- 8vo. 1694 ; Bzovius, Nomenclator Sanctorum Pro
mercus from the Oscan, Mamers in that language fessione Medicorum. )
(W. A. G. ]
being the same as Mars. The Sabines spoke AEMILIA'NUŚ (Alusaiavos), a native of the
Oscan. Since then the Aemilii were supposed to town of Nicaea, and an epigrammatic poet. Nothing
have come to Rome in the time of Numa, and further is known about him. Three of his epi.
Numa was said to bave been intimate with Pytha- grams have been preserved. (Anthol. Graec. vii.
goras, we can see the origin of the legend which 623, ix. 218, 756. )"
[C. P. M. ]
makes the ancestor of the house the son of Pytha- AEMI'LIUS ASPER. [ASPER. ]
goras. The first member of the house who ob AEMI'LIUS MACER. [MACER. )
tained the consulship was L. Aemilius Mamercus, AEMI'LIUS MAGNUS ARBOʻRIUS. (AR-
in B. C. 484.
BORIUS. )
The family-names of this gens are : BARBULA, AEMI’LIUS PACENSIS. (PACENSIS. )
BUCA, LEPIDUS, MAMERCUS or MAMERCINUS, AEMI'LIUS PAPINIA'NÙS. [PAPINI-
Papus, Paullus, REGILLUS, SCAURUS. Of these ANUS. ]
names Buca, Lepidus, Paullus, and Scaurus are the AEMI'LIUS PARTHENIANUS. [PAR-
only ones that occur on coins.
THENIANUS. ]
AEMILIA'NUS. l. The son of L. Aemilius AEMI’LIUS PROBUS. [NEPOS, CORNE-
Paullus Macedonicus, was adopted by P. Cornelius LIUs. ]
Scipio, the son of P. Cornelius Scipio Africanus, AEMI’LIUS SURA. (SURA. ]
and was thus called P. Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus 'AENE'ADES (Alverades), a patronymic from
Africanus. [SCIPIO. ]
Aeneas, and applied as a surname to those who
2. The governor of Pannonia and Moesia in the were believed to be descended from him, such
reign of Gallus. He is also called Aemilius; and as Ascanius, Augustus, and the Romans in
on coins we find as his praenomen both Marcus general. (Virg. Aen. ix. 653; 0v. Ex Pont. i. 35;
and Caius. On one coin he is called C. Julius Met. xv. 682, 695. )
(L. S. )
Aemilianus ; but there is some doubt about the · AENE'AS (Alvelas). Homeric Story. Aeneas
genuineness of the word Julius. (Eckhel, vii. p. 372. ) was the son of Anchises and Aphrodite, and born
He was born in Mauritania about A. D. 206. He on mount Ida. On his father's side he was a
defeated the barbarians who had invaded his pro great-grandson of Tros, and thus nearly related to
vince, and chased them as far as the Danube, A. D. the royal house of Troy, as Priam himself was a
253. He distributed among his soldiers the booty grandson of Tros. (Hom. I. xx. 215, &c. , ü.
he had gained, and was saluted emperor by them. 820, v. 247, &c. ; Hes. Theog. 1007, &c. ) He was
He then marched into Italy, but Gallus, who had educated from his infancy at Dardanus, in the
advanced to meet him, was slain at Interamna to "house of Alcathous, the husband of his sister. (16
## p. 31 (#51) ##############################################
AENEAS.
31
AENEAS.
xiii
. 463, &c. ). At the beginning of the war of traditions as well as in the earlier ones. (Hygin
the Greeks against Troy he did not take any part Fab. 115; Philostr. L. c. ) According to some ac-
in it, and the poet intimates that there existed an counts Aeneas was not present when Troy was
ill feeling between him and Priam, who did not taken, as he had been sent by Priam on an expe-
pay sufficient honour to Aeneas. (Il. xiii. 460, &c. , dition to Phrygia, while according to others he
xx. 181. ) This probably arose from a decree of was requested by Aphrodite, just before the fall of
destiny, according to which_Aeneas and his de the city, to leave it, and accordingly went to mount
scendants were to rule over Troy, since the house Ida, carrying his father on his shoulders. (Dion.
of Priam had drawn upon itself the hatred of Hal. i. 48. ) A third account makes him hold out
Cronion. (11. xx. 307. ) One day when Aeneas at Troy to the last, and when all hopes disappeared,
was tending his flocks on mouni Ida, he was Aeneas with his Dardanians and the warriors of
attacked by Achilles, who took his cattle and put Ophrynium withdrew to the citadel of Pergamus,
him to flight. But he was rescued by the gods. where the most costly treasures of the Trojans
This event, however, and the admonition of Apollo, were kept. Here he repelled the enemy and re-
roused his spirit, and he led his Dardanians against ceived the fugitive Trojans, until he could hold out
the Greeks. (Il
. xx. 89, &c. , 190, &c. , ii. 819, &c. ) no longer. He then sent the people ahead to
Henceforth he and Hector are the great bulwarks mount Ida, and followed them with his warriors,
of the Trojans against the Greeks, and Aeneas ap- the images of the gods, his father, his wife, and
pears beloved and honoured by gods and men. (il. his children, hoping that he would be able to
xi. 58, xvi. 619, v. 180, 467, vi. 77, &c. ) He is maintain himself on the heights of mount Ida. But
among the Trojans what Achilles is among the being threatened with an attack by the Greeks, he
Greeks. Both are sons of immortal mothers, both entered into negotiations with them, in consequence
are at feud with the kings, and both possess horses of which he surrendered his position and was
of divine origin. (Il v. 265, &c. ) Achilles him- allowed to depart in safety with his friends and
Belf, to whom Hector owns his inferiority, thinks treasures. (Dionys. i. 46, &c. ; Aelian, V. H.
Aeneas a worthy competitor. (Il xx. 175. ) The ü. 22; Hygin. Fab. 254. ) Others again related
place which Aeneas occupies among the Trojans is that he was led by his hatred of Paris to betray
well expressed in Philostratus (Her. 13), who says Ilion to the Greeks, and was allowed to depart
that the Greeks called Hector the hand, and Aeneas free and safe in consequence. (Dionys. 1. c. ) Livy
the soul of the Trojans. Respecting the brave and (i. 1) states, that Aeneas and Antenor were the
noble manner in which he protects the body of his only Trojans against whom the Greeks did not
friend Pandarus, see Il. v. 299. On one occasion make use of their right of conquest, on account of
he was engaged in a contest with Diomedes, who an ancient connexion of hospitality existing be-
hurled a mighty stone at him and broke his hip. tween them, or because Aeneas had always advised
Aeneas fell to the ground, and Aphrodite hastened his countrymen to restore Helen to Menelaus.
to his assistance (N. v. 305), and when she too (Comp.
ed. Dietz) to have made an epitome of his father's Choulant (Handbuch der Bücherkunde für die
anatomical writings. Galen speaks of that part of Aeltere Medicin, Ed. 2. Leipzig, 1840, 8vo. ), on
his work which treated of the Dissection of the the other hand, he is placed as late as the second
Muscles as being held in some repute in his time half of the first century after Christ. He is most
(ilnid. ), and he always mentions his tutor with re probably the same person who is quoted by Galen
spech (ibid. c. 7, 22, pp. 11, 57. ) During the (De Compos. Medicam. secund. Locos, iv. 7, vol.
prevalence of an epidemic in Italy, Aelianus is xii. p. 730) simply by the name of Aelius. He
said by Galen (De Theriaca ad Pamphil ibid. ) to wrote several Greek medical works, which are still
have used the Theriaca (Did. of Ant. art. The to be found in manuscript in different libraries
riaca) with great success, both as a means of cure in Europe, but of which none (as far as the writer
and also as a preservative against the disease. He is aware) have ever been published, though Kuhn
must have been a person of some celebrity, as this intended his works to have been included in his
same anecdote is mentioned by the Arabic Histo collection of Greek medical writers. Some extracts
rian Abú 'l-Faraj (Histor. Compend. Dynast. p. from one of his works entitled Avvapepov,* Medis
77), with exactly the same circumstances except cinalium Formularum Collectio, are inserted by C.
that he makes the epidemic to have broken out at G. Kühn in his Additam. ad Elench. Med. Vet. a
Antioch instead of in Italy. None of his works J. A. Fabricio in “ Bibl. Gr. " Exhib. , and by Bona
(as far as the writer is aware) are now extant. in his Tractatus de Scorbuto, Verona, 1781, 4to.
(W. A. G. ) Two other of his works are quoted or mentioned
AELIA'NUS, PLAUTIUS, offered up the by Hieron. Mercurialis in his Variae Lectiones, iii.
prayer as pontifex, when the first stone of the 4, and his work De Venenis et Morbis Venenosis,
new Capitol was laid in a. D. 71. (Tac. Hist. iv. i. 16, ü. 2; and also by Schneider in his Prefaces
53. ) We learn from an inscription (Gruter, p. 453; to Nicander's Theriaca, p. xi. , and Alexipharmacom
Orelli, n. 750), that his full name was Ti. Plantius p. xix.
(W. A. G. ]
Silvanus Aelianus, that he held many important
AELLO. (HARPYIAE ]
military commands, and that he was twice consul. AELLOPUS ('Aelónous), a surname of Iris,
His first consulship was in a. D. 47 ; the date of the messenger of the gods, by which she is de
his second is unknown.
scribed as swift-footed like a storm-wind. Homer
AELIANUS TA'CTICUS(Alnavós Tautukós) uses the form dexótos. (Il. viii. 409. ) [L. S. ]
was most probably a Greek, but not the same as AELURUS. (TIMOTHEUS AELURUS. )
Claudius Aelianus. He lived in Rome and wrote • AEMILIA. 1. A vestal virgin, who, when
a work in fifty-three chapters on the Military Tac- the sacred fire was extinguished on one occasion,
tics of the Greeks (Tiepl EtpatoyTážewn prayed to the goddess for her assistance, and mira-
'EXAmpice), which he dedicated to the emperor | culously rekindled it by throwing a piece of her
Hadrian. He also gives a brief account of the garment upon the extinct embers. (Dionys. ii.
constitution of a Roman army at that time. The 68 ; Val
. Max. i. 1. $7. )
work arose, he says (Dedic. ), from a conversation 2. The third daughter of L. Aemilius Paullus,
he bad with the emperor Nerva at Frontinus's who fell in the battle of Cannae, was the wife of
house at Formiae. 'He promises a work on Scipio Africanus I. and the mother of the celebrated
Naval Tactics also; but this, if it was written, Cornelia, the mother of the Gracchi. She was of
is lost. The first edition of the Tactics (a very a mild disposition, and long survived her husband.
bad one) was published in 1532; the next, much Her property, which was large, was inherited by
better, was by Franciscus Robortellus, Venice, her grandson by adoption, Scipio Africanus II. ,
1552, 4to. , which contains a new Latin version by who gave it to his own mother Papiria, who had
the editor, and is illustrated with many cuts. The been divorced by his own father L. Aemilius.
best edition is that printed by Elzevir at Leyden,
1613. It is usually found bound up with Leo's
Tactica (Leo).
Avvapepov is a word used by the later Greek
It was translated into Latin first by Theodorus writers, and is explained by Du Cange (Gloss. Med.
of Thessalonica. This translation was published et Infim. Graecit. ) to mean vis, virtus. It is how
at Rome, 1487, together with Vegetius, Frontinus, ever frequently used in the sense given to it in the
and Modestus. It is printed also in Robortellus's text. See Leo, Conspect. Medic. iv. 1, ll. ap
edition, which therefore contains two Latin ver- Ermerin. Anecd. Med. Graec. pp. 153, 157.
## p. 30 (#50) ##############################################
30
AEMILIANUS.
AENEAS.
SPIVS
(Polyb. xxxii. 12 ; Diod. Exc. xxxi. ; Val. Max. gether with his son Volusianus by his own soldiers.
vi. 7. & 1; Plut. Aem. 2; Liv. xxxviii. 57. ) Aemilianus was acknowledged by the senate, but
3. The third daughter of L. Aemilius Paullus was slain after a reign of three or four months by his
Macedonicus was a little girl when her father was soldiers near Spoletum, on the approach of Valeri-
appointed consul a second time to conduct the war anus. According to other accounts he died a
against Perseus. Upon returning home after bis natural death. (Zosimus, i. 28, 29; Zonaras, rii.
election he found her in tears, and upon inquiring 21, 22 ; Eutrop. ix. 5; Aurel Vict. de Cass. 31,
the reason she told him that Perseus had died, Epit. 31. )
which was the name of her dog ; whereupon he
exclaimed “ I accept the omen," and regarded it
as a pledge of his success in the war. (Cic. de
Div. i. 46, ïi. 40; Plut. Aem. 10. )
4. Aemilia Lepida. (LEPIDA. ]
5. A vestal virgin, who was put to death B. C.
114 for having committed incest upon several oc-
casions. She induced two of the other vestal
virgins, Marcia and Licinia, to commit the same
crime, but these two were acquitted by the ponti-
fices, when Aemilia was condemned, but were
subsequently condemned by the praetor L. Cassius.
(Plut. Quaest. Rom. p. 284 ; Liv. Epit. 63 ; 3. One of the thirty tyrants (A. D. 259——268)
Orosius, v. 15; Ascon. in Cic. Mil. p. 46, ed. was compelled by the troops in Egypt to assume
Orelli. )
the purple. He took the surname of Alexander or
AEMI'LIA GENS, originally written AIMI- Alexandrinus. Gallienus sent Theodotus against
LIA, one of the most ancient patrician houses at him, by whom he was taken and sent prisoner to
Rome. Its origin is referred to the time of Numa Gallienus. Aemilianus was strangled in prison.
and it is said to have been descended from Ma- (Trebell Poll. Trig. Tyr. 22, Gallien. 4, 5. )
mercus, who received the name of Aemilius on ac- AEMILIANUS (who is also called Aemilius)
count of the persuasiveness of his language (Si' lived in the fifth century after Christ, and is
aluvalay Nóyou). This Mamercus is represented known as a physician, confessor, and martyr. In
by some as the son of Pythagoras, and by others the reign of the Vandal King Hunneric (A. D.
as the son of Numa, while a third account traces 477-484), during the Arian persecution in Africa,
his origin to Ascanius, who had two sons, Julius he was most cruelly put to death. The Romish
and Aemylos. (Plut. Aemil. 2, Num. 8, 21; Festus, church celebrates his memory on the sixth of De
8. v. Aemil. ) Amulius is also mentioned as one cember, the Greek church on the seventh. (Mar-
of the ancestors of the Aemilii. (Sil. Ital. viii. 297. ) tyrol. Rom. ed. Baron. ; Victor Vitensis, De Per.
It seems pretty clear that the Aemilii were of secut. Vandal. v. 1, with Ruinart's notes, Paris.
Sabine origin; and Festus derives the name Ma- 8vo. 1694 ; Bzovius, Nomenclator Sanctorum Pro
mercus from the Oscan, Mamers in that language fessione Medicorum. )
(W. A. G. ]
being the same as Mars. The Sabines spoke AEMILIA'NUŚ (Alusaiavos), a native of the
Oscan. Since then the Aemilii were supposed to town of Nicaea, and an epigrammatic poet. Nothing
have come to Rome in the time of Numa, and further is known about him. Three of his epi.
Numa was said to bave been intimate with Pytha- grams have been preserved. (Anthol. Graec. vii.
goras, we can see the origin of the legend which 623, ix. 218, 756. )"
[C. P. M. ]
makes the ancestor of the house the son of Pytha- AEMI'LIUS ASPER. [ASPER. ]
goras. The first member of the house who ob AEMI'LIUS MACER. [MACER. )
tained the consulship was L. Aemilius Mamercus, AEMI'LIUS MAGNUS ARBOʻRIUS. (AR-
in B. C. 484.
BORIUS. )
The family-names of this gens are : BARBULA, AEMI’LIUS PACENSIS. (PACENSIS. )
BUCA, LEPIDUS, MAMERCUS or MAMERCINUS, AEMI'LIUS PAPINIA'NÙS. [PAPINI-
Papus, Paullus, REGILLUS, SCAURUS. Of these ANUS. ]
names Buca, Lepidus, Paullus, and Scaurus are the AEMI'LIUS PARTHENIANUS. [PAR-
only ones that occur on coins.
THENIANUS. ]
AEMILIA'NUS. l. The son of L. Aemilius AEMI’LIUS PROBUS. [NEPOS, CORNE-
Paullus Macedonicus, was adopted by P. Cornelius LIUs. ]
Scipio, the son of P. Cornelius Scipio Africanus, AEMI’LIUS SURA. (SURA. ]
and was thus called P. Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus 'AENE'ADES (Alverades), a patronymic from
Africanus. [SCIPIO. ]
Aeneas, and applied as a surname to those who
2. The governor of Pannonia and Moesia in the were believed to be descended from him, such
reign of Gallus. He is also called Aemilius; and as Ascanius, Augustus, and the Romans in
on coins we find as his praenomen both Marcus general. (Virg. Aen. ix. 653; 0v. Ex Pont. i. 35;
and Caius. On one coin he is called C. Julius Met. xv. 682, 695. )
(L. S. )
Aemilianus ; but there is some doubt about the · AENE'AS (Alvelas). Homeric Story. Aeneas
genuineness of the word Julius. (Eckhel, vii. p. 372. ) was the son of Anchises and Aphrodite, and born
He was born in Mauritania about A. D. 206. He on mount Ida. On his father's side he was a
defeated the barbarians who had invaded his pro great-grandson of Tros, and thus nearly related to
vince, and chased them as far as the Danube, A. D. the royal house of Troy, as Priam himself was a
253. He distributed among his soldiers the booty grandson of Tros. (Hom. I. xx. 215, &c. , ü.
he had gained, and was saluted emperor by them. 820, v. 247, &c. ; Hes. Theog. 1007, &c. ) He was
He then marched into Italy, but Gallus, who had educated from his infancy at Dardanus, in the
advanced to meet him, was slain at Interamna to "house of Alcathous, the husband of his sister. (16
## p. 31 (#51) ##############################################
AENEAS.
31
AENEAS.
xiii
. 463, &c. ). At the beginning of the war of traditions as well as in the earlier ones. (Hygin
the Greeks against Troy he did not take any part Fab. 115; Philostr. L. c. ) According to some ac-
in it, and the poet intimates that there existed an counts Aeneas was not present when Troy was
ill feeling between him and Priam, who did not taken, as he had been sent by Priam on an expe-
pay sufficient honour to Aeneas. (Il. xiii. 460, &c. , dition to Phrygia, while according to others he
xx. 181. ) This probably arose from a decree of was requested by Aphrodite, just before the fall of
destiny, according to which_Aeneas and his de the city, to leave it, and accordingly went to mount
scendants were to rule over Troy, since the house Ida, carrying his father on his shoulders. (Dion.
of Priam had drawn upon itself the hatred of Hal. i. 48. ) A third account makes him hold out
Cronion. (11. xx. 307. ) One day when Aeneas at Troy to the last, and when all hopes disappeared,
was tending his flocks on mouni Ida, he was Aeneas with his Dardanians and the warriors of
attacked by Achilles, who took his cattle and put Ophrynium withdrew to the citadel of Pergamus,
him to flight. But he was rescued by the gods. where the most costly treasures of the Trojans
This event, however, and the admonition of Apollo, were kept. Here he repelled the enemy and re-
roused his spirit, and he led his Dardanians against ceived the fugitive Trojans, until he could hold out
the Greeks. (Il
. xx. 89, &c. , 190, &c. , ii. 819, &c. ) no longer. He then sent the people ahead to
Henceforth he and Hector are the great bulwarks mount Ida, and followed them with his warriors,
of the Trojans against the Greeks, and Aeneas ap- the images of the gods, his father, his wife, and
pears beloved and honoured by gods and men. (il. his children, hoping that he would be able to
xi. 58, xvi. 619, v. 180, 467, vi. 77, &c. ) He is maintain himself on the heights of mount Ida. But
among the Trojans what Achilles is among the being threatened with an attack by the Greeks, he
Greeks. Both are sons of immortal mothers, both entered into negotiations with them, in consequence
are at feud with the kings, and both possess horses of which he surrendered his position and was
of divine origin. (Il v. 265, &c. ) Achilles him- allowed to depart in safety with his friends and
Belf, to whom Hector owns his inferiority, thinks treasures. (Dionys. i. 46, &c. ; Aelian, V. H.
Aeneas a worthy competitor. (Il xx. 175. ) The ü. 22; Hygin. Fab. 254. ) Others again related
place which Aeneas occupies among the Trojans is that he was led by his hatred of Paris to betray
well expressed in Philostratus (Her. 13), who says Ilion to the Greeks, and was allowed to depart
that the Greeks called Hector the hand, and Aeneas free and safe in consequence. (Dionys. 1. c. ) Livy
the soul of the Trojans. Respecting the brave and (i. 1) states, that Aeneas and Antenor were the
noble manner in which he protects the body of his only Trojans against whom the Greeks did not
friend Pandarus, see Il. v. 299. On one occasion make use of their right of conquest, on account of
he was engaged in a contest with Diomedes, who an ancient connexion of hospitality existing be-
hurled a mighty stone at him and broke his hip. tween them, or because Aeneas had always advised
Aeneas fell to the ground, and Aphrodite hastened his countrymen to restore Helen to Menelaus.
to his assistance (N. v. 305), and when she too (Comp.
