king of Macedonia, who invaded Attica
Appian, on the contrary, represents him as killed with an army shortly before the breaking out of
in the battle.
Appian, on the contrary, represents him as killed with an army shortly before the breaking out of
in the battle.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - b
Chr.
817, S.
Cyriaci Episcopi Anconitani Mar-
“ Theriaca” also by P. J. Steveius. The Greek tyrium versibus Latinis scripsisse, et catalepses (sive
paraphrase of both poems by Eutecnius first ap- argumenta) in Silii Italici libros composuisse tra-
peared in Bandini's edition, Florent. 1764, 8vo. ditur. " (Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. iv. p. 354, ed.
The most complete and valuable edition that bas Harles. ) Fabricius gives no authority for this
hitherto appeared is J. G. Schneider's, who pub- statement, nor does Harles supply the defect. It
lished the Alexipharmaca in 1792, Halae, 8vo. , appears, however, that there has been some con-
and the Theriaca in 1816, Lips. 8vo. ; containing fusion respecting this personage, who is, in fact,
a Latin translation, the scholia, the paraphrase by no other than Ambrosius de Victoria (or Nicander),
Eutecnius, the editor's annotations, and the frag- who lived in the sixteenth century. (See Anton.
ments of Nicander's lost works. The last edition Biblioth. Hisp. Vetus, vol. i. p. 508, vol. ii. p. 452 ;
is that published by Didot, together with Oppian id. Biblioth. Hisp. Nova, vol. i. p. 67. ).
and Marcellus Sidetes, in his collection of Greek 9. Nicander Nucius (Nucius). (W. A. G. ]
classical authors, Paris, large 8vo. 1846, edited by NICA'NOR (Nukávwp). 1. Son of Parmenion,
F. S. Lehrs, and at present (it is believed) un- a distinguished officer in the service of Alexander.
finished. The “ Theriaca” were published in the He is first mentioned at the passage of the Danube,
Cambridge “Museum Criticum " (vol. i. p. 370,&c. ), in the expedition of Alexander against the Getae,
with Bentley's emendations, copied from the margin B. c. 335, on which occasion he led the phalanx.
of a copy of Gorraeus's edition, which once (ap- (Arr. Anab. i. 4. $ 3. ) But during the expedition
parently) belonged to Dr. Mead, and is now pre into Asia he appears to have uniformly held the
chief command of the body of troops called the
This work, however, is attributed to one of Hypaspists (ÚTACHIOTal) or foot-guards, as his
the other writers of this name, by both Schweigh- brother Philotas did that of the étaipon, or horse-
aeuser and Dindorf, in their “ Ind. Auctor. ” to guards. We find him mentioned, as holding this
Athenaeus.
post, in the three great battles of the Granicus, of
4 F 4
de les
له ما
$
! »; ܕܝܺ،
Samples
## p. 1176 (#1192) ##########################################
1176
NICANOR.
NICANOR :
p. 177. )
Issus, and of Arbela. He afterwards accompanied | withdrawal of the Macedonian garrison from Ma-:
Alexander with a part of the troops under his nychia, according to the decree just issued by
command, during the rapid march of the king in Polysperchon. But while he thus deluded them
pursuit of Dareius (B. C. 330); which was pro with false hopes, instead of surrendering Munychia,
bably his last service, as he died of disease shortly he took the opportunity to surprise the Peiraeeus
afterwards, during the advance of Alexander into also, and, having occupied it with a strong garrison,
Bactria. His death at this juncture was probably declared his intention to hold both fortresses for
a fortunate event, as it saved bim from participate Cassander. (Diod. xviii. 64; Plut. Phoc 31, 32;
ing either in the designs or the fate of his brother Com. Nep. Phoc. 2. ) In vain did Olympias, at
Philotas. (Arrian, Anab. i. 14, ii. 8, ii. 11, 21, this time on friendly terms with the regent, unite
25 ; Curt. iii. 24. § 7, iv. 50. $ 27, v. 37. $ 19, in commanding him to withdraw his troops : nor
vi 22. & 18; Diod. xvii. 57. )
did Alexander, the son of Polysperchon, who ar-
2. Father of Balacrus, the satrap of Cilicia. rived in Attica the following spring (B. C- 318) at
[BALACRUS. ] It is probably this Nicanor who is the head of a considerable army, effect anything
alloded to in an anecdote related by Plutarch of more. Shortly after, Cassander himself arrived
Philip of Macedon, as a person of some distinction with a fleet of thirty-five ships, and Nicanor imme-
during the reign of that monarch. (Plut. Apophth. diately put him in possession of the Peimeeus,
while he himself retained the command of Mu-
3. Son of Balacrus, and grandson of the preced- nychia He was, however, quickly despatched by
ing. (Harpocration, s. v. Nordvwp. )
Cassander with a fleet to the Hellespont, where he
4. Of Stageira, was despatched by Alexander to was joined by the naval forces of Antigonus ; and
Greece to proclaim, at the Olympic games of the though at first defeated by Cleitus, the admiral of
year B. C. 324, the decree for the recall of the Polysperchon, he soon after retrieved his fortune,
exiles throughout the Greek cities. (Diod. xviii. and gained a complete victory, destroying or cap
8; Deinarch. adv. Demosth. p. 199, ed. Bekk. ) It turing almost the whole of the enemy's feet. On
is perhaps the same person whom we find at an his return to Athens he was received by Cassander
earlier period entrusted with the command of the with the utmost distinction, and reinstated in his
fleet during the siege of Miletus (Arr. Anab. i. 18, former command of Munychia. But his late suc-
19); at least it seems probable that the Nicanor cesses had so much elated him that he incurred the
there mentioned is not the son of Parmenion ; he suspicion of aiming at higher objects, and intending
may, however, be identical with the following. to set up for himself. On these grounds Cassander
5. A Macedonian officer of distinction, who, in determined to rid himself of one who was begin-
the division of the provinces at Triparadeisus, after ning to give him umbrage, and having succeeded
the death of Perdiccas (B. C. 321), obtained the by the basest treachery in decoying Nicanor into
important government of Cappadocia. (Arrian, ap. his power, he caused him to be put to death, after
Phot. p. 72, a ; Diod. xviii
. 39 ; App. Mithr. 8. ) undergoing the form of a trial before the Macedo
He attached himself to the party of Antigonus, nian army. (Plut. Phoc. 33; Diod. xviii, 65, 68,
whom he accompanied in the war against Eumenes, 72, 75; Polyaen. iv. 6. § 8, 11. § 1. ; Trog. Pomp.
and when, after the second battle in Gabiene, the prol. xiv. )
mutinous Argyraspids consented to surrender their 7. A son of Antipater and brother of Cassander,
general into the hands of Antigonus [EUMENES], put to death by Olympias, B. C. 317. (Diod. xix.
it was Nicanor who was selected to receive their 11. )
prisoner from them. (Plut. Eun. 17. ) After the 8. A friend and general of Ptolemy, the son of
defeat of. Pithon and his associates, B. C. 316, Lagus, who was despatched by the Egyptian king
Nicanor was appointed by Antigonus, governor of in B. c. 320, with an army to reduce Syria and
Media and the adjoining provinces, commonly Phoenicia ; an object which he quickly effected,
termed the upper satrapies, which he continued to taking prisoner Laomedon, the governor of those
hold until the year 312, when Seleucus made him- provinces. (Diod. xviii. 43. )
self master of Babylon. Thereupon Nicanor as- 9. A Syrian Greek, who, together with a Gaul
sembled a large force and marched against the named Apaturius, assassinated Seleucus III. Ce-
invader, but was surprised and defeated by Se raunus, during his expedition into Asia against
leucus at the passage of the Tigris, and his troops Attalus, B. c. 222. He was immediately seized
were either cut to pieces or went over to the and executed by order of Achaeus. (Polyb. iv.
enemy. According to Diodorus, he himself escaped 48; Enseb. Arm. p. 165, fol. ed. )
the slaughter, and fled for safety to the desert, 10. Surnamed the Elephant, a general under
from whence he wrote to Antigonus for assistance. Philip V.
king of Macedonia, who invaded Attica
Appian, on the contrary, represents him as killed with an army shortly before the breaking out of
in the battle. It is certain, at least, that we hear the war between Philip and the Romans, B. C.
no more of him. (Diod. xix. 92, 100; Appian, 200; but, after laying waste part of the open
Syr. 55. )
country, he was induced, by the remonstrances
6. A Macedonian officer under Cassander, by of the Roman ambassadors then at Athens, to
whom he was secretly despatched immediately on withdraw. (Polyb. xvi. 27. ) He is again men-
the death of Antipater, B. C. 319, to take the com- tioned as commanding the rearguard of Philip's
mand of the Macedonian garrison at Munychia. Army at the battle of Cynoscephalae, B. c. 197.
Nicanor arrived at Athens before the news of An- (Id. xviii. 7; Liv. xxxiii. 8. )
tipater's death, and thus readily obtained posses- 11. An Epeirot, son of Myrton, who united with
sion of the fortress, which he afterwards refused his father in supporting the oppressive and rapa-
to give up notwithstanding the orders of Polysper- cious proceedings of Charops in the government of
chon. He however entered into friendly relations their native country. [CHAKOPS. ] (Polyb. xxxii.
with Phocion, and through his means began to 21. )
negotiate with the Athenians, who demanded the 12. Son of Patroclus, was apparently the chief.
## p. 1177 (#1193) ##########################################
NICANOR.
1 177
NICARETE.
ܕܐ
of the three generals who were sent by Lysias, the Saevius Nicanor, Marci libertas, negabit
rigent of Syria during the absence of Antiochus
Saevius Postumius idem, at Marcus docebit.
-]V. , to reduce the revolted Jews. They advanced
as far as Emmaus, where they were totally de Suetonius adds that, according to some accounts,
feated by Judas Maccabaeus, B. C. 165. (1 Macc. in consequence of reports affecting his character, he
ju. iv. , 2 Macc. vñ. ; Joseph. Anl. xii. 7. $$ 3, 4. ) retired to Sardinia and there died. (Sueton. de
He is previously mentioned as holding an admini- Illustr. Gramm. 5. )
(W. R]
strative office in Palestine. (Joseph. ib. xii. 5. NICA'NOR, of Paros, an encaustic painter, of
§ 5. )
whom we know nothing except that he painted in
13. A friend of Demetrius I. king of Syria, who cncaustic before Aristeides. (Plin. H. N. xxxv. 11.
bad been detained, together with that monarch, as
6. 39. )
[P. S. )
a hostage at Rome, and was one of the companions NICARCHUS (Nirapxos), historical. 1. An
of his flight. (Polyb. xxxi. 22 ; Joseph. Ant. xii. Arcadian officer among the Greek forces who went
10. § 4. ) When Demetrius was established on to assist the younger Cyrue. When the Greek
the throne of Syria, he despatched Nicanor, whom generals were treacherously assassinated by Tisga-
he had promoted to the dignity of elephantarch, or phemes, Nicarchus was severely wounded, but
master of the elephants, with a large army into not killed, and came and informed the Greeks of
Judaea to reduce the Jews, who were still in arms what had taken place. He was subsequently in-
under Judas Maccabaeus. Nicanor at first attempted duced to go over to the Persians, taking about
to make himself master of the person of the Jewish twenty men with him (Xen. Anab. ii. 5. § 33, iii.
leader by treachery, under pretence of a peaceful | 3. & 5).
negotiation, but, having failed in this, he gave him 2. One of the generals of Antiochus. We find
battle at Capbarsalem, and was defeated with him serving in Coelesyria in the war between
heavy loss. A second action, near Bethoron, Antiochus and Ptolemaeus. Together with Theo-
proved still more disastrous: Nicanor himself fell dotus he superintended the siege of Rabbatamana,
on the field, and his whole army was cut to pieces and with the same general headed the phalanx at
(Joseph. Ant. xii. 10. SS 4,5; 1 Macc. vii. , 2 Macc. the battle of Raphia (ANTIOCHUS, Vol. I.
p. 196).
xiv. xv. )
(E. H. B. ] (Polyb. v. 69, 71, 79, 83, 85. ) [C. P. M. ]
NICA'NOR (Nikávwp). 1. Aristotle's adopted NICARCHUS (Nikapxos), literary. 1. A per-
son, repeatedly mentioned in his will, whom the son introduced by Aristophanes (Acharn. 856),
philosopher destined to be his son-in-law. (Diog. whom Suidas mentions as a sycophant (s. vo. Méxpos
Laërt. v. 12. ) [See Vol. I. p. 317. )
γε μήκος and φανών).
2. A person mentioned in the will of Epicurus. 2. An epigrammatist. Reiske (Il. Notit. p. 249),
(Diog. Laërt. 1. 20. )
on insufficient grounds, conjectures he was a na-
3. A celebrated grammarian, who lived during tive of Samos. From the use of a Latin word in one
the reign of the emperor Hadrian, A. D. 127. Ac of his epigrams (Jacobs, Anth. Graec. vol. iii. p. 66),
cording to Suidas (s. v. ) he was of Alexandria ; we conclude that he lived at Rome. The inference
according to Stephanus Byzantinus (s. v. 'lepámon that he lived near the beginning of the second
Mus) he was of Hierapolis. His labours were prin- century of the Christian era seems well founded.
cipally directed to punctuation, hence he received It is drawn not only from the general style of his
the ludicrous name of Etiquatlas (Suidas, l. c. ), writings, but from the fact, that in one of his epi-
and, from his having devoted rouch of his attention grams (xxxi. ) he satirizes Zopyrus, an Egyptian
to the elucidation of Homer's writings, through physician. From Plutarch (Symp. iii. 6) we learn
means of punctuation, he is called by Stephanus that a physician of this name was his contemporary,
(1. c. ) ó véos "Ounpos. He wrote, also, on the punc- and Celsus (v. 23) mentions Zopyrus in connec-
luation of Callimachus, and a work lepl kalónov tion with king Ptolemy. (Jacobs, Anthol. Graec.
otiyuſs. He is copiously quoted in the Scholia vol. xiii. p. 922. ) Thirty-eight epigrams are given
Marciana on Homer. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. i. under his name in the Greek Anthology. (Jacobs,
pp. 368, 517, vol. iii. p. 823, vol. vi. p. 345. ) vol.
“ Theriaca” also by P. J. Steveius. The Greek tyrium versibus Latinis scripsisse, et catalepses (sive
paraphrase of both poems by Eutecnius first ap- argumenta) in Silii Italici libros composuisse tra-
peared in Bandini's edition, Florent. 1764, 8vo. ditur. " (Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. iv. p. 354, ed.
The most complete and valuable edition that bas Harles. ) Fabricius gives no authority for this
hitherto appeared is J. G. Schneider's, who pub- statement, nor does Harles supply the defect. It
lished the Alexipharmaca in 1792, Halae, 8vo. , appears, however, that there has been some con-
and the Theriaca in 1816, Lips. 8vo. ; containing fusion respecting this personage, who is, in fact,
a Latin translation, the scholia, the paraphrase by no other than Ambrosius de Victoria (or Nicander),
Eutecnius, the editor's annotations, and the frag- who lived in the sixteenth century. (See Anton.
ments of Nicander's lost works. The last edition Biblioth. Hisp. Vetus, vol. i. p. 508, vol. ii. p. 452 ;
is that published by Didot, together with Oppian id. Biblioth. Hisp. Nova, vol. i. p. 67. ).
and Marcellus Sidetes, in his collection of Greek 9. Nicander Nucius (Nucius). (W. A. G. ]
classical authors, Paris, large 8vo. 1846, edited by NICA'NOR (Nukávwp). 1. Son of Parmenion,
F. S. Lehrs, and at present (it is believed) un- a distinguished officer in the service of Alexander.
finished. The “ Theriaca” were published in the He is first mentioned at the passage of the Danube,
Cambridge “Museum Criticum " (vol. i. p. 370,&c. ), in the expedition of Alexander against the Getae,
with Bentley's emendations, copied from the margin B. c. 335, on which occasion he led the phalanx.
of a copy of Gorraeus's edition, which once (ap- (Arr. Anab. i. 4. $ 3. ) But during the expedition
parently) belonged to Dr. Mead, and is now pre into Asia he appears to have uniformly held the
chief command of the body of troops called the
This work, however, is attributed to one of Hypaspists (ÚTACHIOTal) or foot-guards, as his
the other writers of this name, by both Schweigh- brother Philotas did that of the étaipon, or horse-
aeuser and Dindorf, in their “ Ind. Auctor. ” to guards. We find him mentioned, as holding this
Athenaeus.
post, in the three great battles of the Granicus, of
4 F 4
de les
له ما
$
! »; ܕܝܺ،
Samples
## p. 1176 (#1192) ##########################################
1176
NICANOR.
NICANOR :
p. 177. )
Issus, and of Arbela. He afterwards accompanied | withdrawal of the Macedonian garrison from Ma-:
Alexander with a part of the troops under his nychia, according to the decree just issued by
command, during the rapid march of the king in Polysperchon. But while he thus deluded them
pursuit of Dareius (B. C. 330); which was pro with false hopes, instead of surrendering Munychia,
bably his last service, as he died of disease shortly he took the opportunity to surprise the Peiraeeus
afterwards, during the advance of Alexander into also, and, having occupied it with a strong garrison,
Bactria. His death at this juncture was probably declared his intention to hold both fortresses for
a fortunate event, as it saved bim from participate Cassander. (Diod. xviii. 64; Plut. Phoc 31, 32;
ing either in the designs or the fate of his brother Com. Nep. Phoc. 2. ) In vain did Olympias, at
Philotas. (Arrian, Anab. i. 14, ii. 8, ii. 11, 21, this time on friendly terms with the regent, unite
25 ; Curt. iii. 24. § 7, iv. 50. $ 27, v. 37. $ 19, in commanding him to withdraw his troops : nor
vi 22. & 18; Diod. xvii. 57. )
did Alexander, the son of Polysperchon, who ar-
2. Father of Balacrus, the satrap of Cilicia. rived in Attica the following spring (B. C- 318) at
[BALACRUS. ] It is probably this Nicanor who is the head of a considerable army, effect anything
alloded to in an anecdote related by Plutarch of more. Shortly after, Cassander himself arrived
Philip of Macedon, as a person of some distinction with a fleet of thirty-five ships, and Nicanor imme-
during the reign of that monarch. (Plut. Apophth. diately put him in possession of the Peimeeus,
while he himself retained the command of Mu-
3. Son of Balacrus, and grandson of the preced- nychia He was, however, quickly despatched by
ing. (Harpocration, s. v. Nordvwp. )
Cassander with a fleet to the Hellespont, where he
4. Of Stageira, was despatched by Alexander to was joined by the naval forces of Antigonus ; and
Greece to proclaim, at the Olympic games of the though at first defeated by Cleitus, the admiral of
year B. C. 324, the decree for the recall of the Polysperchon, he soon after retrieved his fortune,
exiles throughout the Greek cities. (Diod. xviii. and gained a complete victory, destroying or cap
8; Deinarch. adv. Demosth. p. 199, ed. Bekk. ) It turing almost the whole of the enemy's feet. On
is perhaps the same person whom we find at an his return to Athens he was received by Cassander
earlier period entrusted with the command of the with the utmost distinction, and reinstated in his
fleet during the siege of Miletus (Arr. Anab. i. 18, former command of Munychia. But his late suc-
19); at least it seems probable that the Nicanor cesses had so much elated him that he incurred the
there mentioned is not the son of Parmenion ; he suspicion of aiming at higher objects, and intending
may, however, be identical with the following. to set up for himself. On these grounds Cassander
5. A Macedonian officer of distinction, who, in determined to rid himself of one who was begin-
the division of the provinces at Triparadeisus, after ning to give him umbrage, and having succeeded
the death of Perdiccas (B. C. 321), obtained the by the basest treachery in decoying Nicanor into
important government of Cappadocia. (Arrian, ap. his power, he caused him to be put to death, after
Phot. p. 72, a ; Diod. xviii
. 39 ; App. Mithr. 8. ) undergoing the form of a trial before the Macedo
He attached himself to the party of Antigonus, nian army. (Plut. Phoc. 33; Diod. xviii, 65, 68,
whom he accompanied in the war against Eumenes, 72, 75; Polyaen. iv. 6. § 8, 11. § 1. ; Trog. Pomp.
and when, after the second battle in Gabiene, the prol. xiv. )
mutinous Argyraspids consented to surrender their 7. A son of Antipater and brother of Cassander,
general into the hands of Antigonus [EUMENES], put to death by Olympias, B. C. 317. (Diod. xix.
it was Nicanor who was selected to receive their 11. )
prisoner from them. (Plut. Eun. 17. ) After the 8. A friend and general of Ptolemy, the son of
defeat of. Pithon and his associates, B. C. 316, Lagus, who was despatched by the Egyptian king
Nicanor was appointed by Antigonus, governor of in B. c. 320, with an army to reduce Syria and
Media and the adjoining provinces, commonly Phoenicia ; an object which he quickly effected,
termed the upper satrapies, which he continued to taking prisoner Laomedon, the governor of those
hold until the year 312, when Seleucus made him- provinces. (Diod. xviii. 43. )
self master of Babylon. Thereupon Nicanor as- 9. A Syrian Greek, who, together with a Gaul
sembled a large force and marched against the named Apaturius, assassinated Seleucus III. Ce-
invader, but was surprised and defeated by Se raunus, during his expedition into Asia against
leucus at the passage of the Tigris, and his troops Attalus, B. c. 222. He was immediately seized
were either cut to pieces or went over to the and executed by order of Achaeus. (Polyb. iv.
enemy. According to Diodorus, he himself escaped 48; Enseb. Arm. p. 165, fol. ed. )
the slaughter, and fled for safety to the desert, 10. Surnamed the Elephant, a general under
from whence he wrote to Antigonus for assistance. Philip V.
king of Macedonia, who invaded Attica
Appian, on the contrary, represents him as killed with an army shortly before the breaking out of
in the battle. It is certain, at least, that we hear the war between Philip and the Romans, B. C.
no more of him. (Diod. xix. 92, 100; Appian, 200; but, after laying waste part of the open
Syr. 55. )
country, he was induced, by the remonstrances
6. A Macedonian officer under Cassander, by of the Roman ambassadors then at Athens, to
whom he was secretly despatched immediately on withdraw. (Polyb. xvi. 27. ) He is again men-
the death of Antipater, B. C. 319, to take the com- tioned as commanding the rearguard of Philip's
mand of the Macedonian garrison at Munychia. Army at the battle of Cynoscephalae, B. c. 197.
Nicanor arrived at Athens before the news of An- (Id. xviii. 7; Liv. xxxiii. 8. )
tipater's death, and thus readily obtained posses- 11. An Epeirot, son of Myrton, who united with
sion of the fortress, which he afterwards refused his father in supporting the oppressive and rapa-
to give up notwithstanding the orders of Polysper- cious proceedings of Charops in the government of
chon. He however entered into friendly relations their native country. [CHAKOPS. ] (Polyb. xxxii.
with Phocion, and through his means began to 21. )
negotiate with the Athenians, who demanded the 12. Son of Patroclus, was apparently the chief.
## p. 1177 (#1193) ##########################################
NICANOR.
1 177
NICARETE.
ܕܐ
of the three generals who were sent by Lysias, the Saevius Nicanor, Marci libertas, negabit
rigent of Syria during the absence of Antiochus
Saevius Postumius idem, at Marcus docebit.
-]V. , to reduce the revolted Jews. They advanced
as far as Emmaus, where they were totally de Suetonius adds that, according to some accounts,
feated by Judas Maccabaeus, B. C. 165. (1 Macc. in consequence of reports affecting his character, he
ju. iv. , 2 Macc. vñ. ; Joseph. Anl. xii. 7. $$ 3, 4. ) retired to Sardinia and there died. (Sueton. de
He is previously mentioned as holding an admini- Illustr. Gramm. 5. )
(W. R]
strative office in Palestine. (Joseph. ib. xii. 5. NICA'NOR, of Paros, an encaustic painter, of
§ 5. )
whom we know nothing except that he painted in
13. A friend of Demetrius I. king of Syria, who cncaustic before Aristeides. (Plin. H. N. xxxv. 11.
bad been detained, together with that monarch, as
6. 39. )
[P. S. )
a hostage at Rome, and was one of the companions NICARCHUS (Nirapxos), historical. 1. An
of his flight. (Polyb. xxxi. 22 ; Joseph. Ant. xii. Arcadian officer among the Greek forces who went
10. § 4. ) When Demetrius was established on to assist the younger Cyrue. When the Greek
the throne of Syria, he despatched Nicanor, whom generals were treacherously assassinated by Tisga-
he had promoted to the dignity of elephantarch, or phemes, Nicarchus was severely wounded, but
master of the elephants, with a large army into not killed, and came and informed the Greeks of
Judaea to reduce the Jews, who were still in arms what had taken place. He was subsequently in-
under Judas Maccabaeus. Nicanor at first attempted duced to go over to the Persians, taking about
to make himself master of the person of the Jewish twenty men with him (Xen. Anab. ii. 5. § 33, iii.
leader by treachery, under pretence of a peaceful | 3. & 5).
negotiation, but, having failed in this, he gave him 2. One of the generals of Antiochus. We find
battle at Capbarsalem, and was defeated with him serving in Coelesyria in the war between
heavy loss. A second action, near Bethoron, Antiochus and Ptolemaeus. Together with Theo-
proved still more disastrous: Nicanor himself fell dotus he superintended the siege of Rabbatamana,
on the field, and his whole army was cut to pieces and with the same general headed the phalanx at
(Joseph. Ant. xii. 10. SS 4,5; 1 Macc. vii. , 2 Macc. the battle of Raphia (ANTIOCHUS, Vol. I.
p. 196).
xiv. xv. )
(E. H. B. ] (Polyb. v. 69, 71, 79, 83, 85. ) [C. P. M. ]
NICA'NOR (Nikávwp). 1. Aristotle's adopted NICARCHUS (Nikapxos), literary. 1. A per-
son, repeatedly mentioned in his will, whom the son introduced by Aristophanes (Acharn. 856),
philosopher destined to be his son-in-law. (Diog. whom Suidas mentions as a sycophant (s. vo. Méxpos
Laërt. v. 12. ) [See Vol. I. p. 317. )
γε μήκος and φανών).
2. A person mentioned in the will of Epicurus. 2. An epigrammatist. Reiske (Il. Notit. p. 249),
(Diog. Laërt. 1. 20. )
on insufficient grounds, conjectures he was a na-
3. A celebrated grammarian, who lived during tive of Samos. From the use of a Latin word in one
the reign of the emperor Hadrian, A. D. 127. Ac of his epigrams (Jacobs, Anth. Graec. vol. iii. p. 66),
cording to Suidas (s. v. ) he was of Alexandria ; we conclude that he lived at Rome. The inference
according to Stephanus Byzantinus (s. v. 'lepámon that he lived near the beginning of the second
Mus) he was of Hierapolis. His labours were prin- century of the Christian era seems well founded.
cipally directed to punctuation, hence he received It is drawn not only from the general style of his
the ludicrous name of Etiquatlas (Suidas, l. c. ), writings, but from the fact, that in one of his epi-
and, from his having devoted rouch of his attention grams (xxxi. ) he satirizes Zopyrus, an Egyptian
to the elucidation of Homer's writings, through physician. From Plutarch (Symp. iii. 6) we learn
means of punctuation, he is called by Stephanus that a physician of this name was his contemporary,
(1. c. ) ó véos "Ounpos. He wrote, also, on the punc- and Celsus (v. 23) mentions Zopyrus in connec-
luation of Callimachus, and a work lepl kalónov tion with king Ptolemy. (Jacobs, Anthol. Graec.
otiyuſs. He is copiously quoted in the Scholia vol. xiii. p. 922. ) Thirty-eight epigrams are given
Marciana on Homer. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. i. under his name in the Greek Anthology. (Jacobs,
pp. 368, 517, vol. iii. p. 823, vol. vi. p. 345. ) vol.
