lle may
inspect the other monasteries which looked to him son of Cleomyttades I.
inspect the other monasteries which looked to him son of Cleomyttades I.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - c
vol.
and was regarded with great favour by Irene, to
viii. pt. ii. ) 28. In posteriora Analytica Aristotelis, whom he offered the most abject flattery. In the
and depl ŁALÕEIKTIKWv. 29. De pauco et multo, following year, in consequence of the incursions of
magno et parvo, quod non sint relativa sed contraria. the Saracens, he removed to the monastery of Stu-
30. Various essays on matters of theology and dium, within the city. In 806, when Nicephorus
ecclesiastical discipline. (Fabricius, l. c. ; Schöll, was made patriarch, and the abbot Josephus, who
Geschichte der Griech. Litteratur, vol. iii. p. 81, had sanctioned the marriage of Constantinus, was
&c. )
restored to the communion of the Church by a
65. Rhaithuexsis, lived in the middle of the council held at Constantinople, the wrath of Theo.
seventh century in the monastery of Rhaithu, dorus was again excited, and he refused all com-
near Elim, in Palestine. He was the author of a munion with the patriarch. He was joined in his
work on the incarnation of Christ, entitled, Ipo- violent proceedings by a large number of monks,
παρασκευή της και γυμνασία των βουλομένω μαθείν | and, when reproved by the Pope Leo, replied in
τίς ο τρόπος της θείας ενανθρωπήσεως και οικονο- an insolent and angry tone. These proceedings
uías, ka@8v hét partai kal tiva tà apòs tous led to his being again banished in 809, together
ταύτην μη ορθώς νοούντας λεγόμενα παρά των with his brother Josephus and the abbot Plato, to
της εκκλησίας τροφίμων, the object of which was an island near Byzantium. In 8ll, on making
to defend the orthodox view against the heresies of his submission to Nicephorus, he was set at liberty
.
## p. 1057 (#1073) ##########################################
TIIEODORUS:
1057
THEODORUS.
In one
by Michael Rhangabe. Two years afterwards, translation of J. Gretser, in the work of the latter
when the emperor Leo the Armenian issued an De Cruce (vol. ii. p. 287). There is also a Latin
edict agninst the worsliip of images, Theodorus, translation in the Bibliotheca Putrum (vol. xiv. p.
backed by a considerable number of monks, set 900). ' 13. Karwv els any otaupot puokúvnoiv, a
the edict at defiance, openly celebrnted processions hymn on the adoration of the cross, published by
of images, and incited the people to sedition. He Gretser (ibid. vol. iii. p. 487). 14. Kavwr yaró
was at first placed in gentle confinement; but as μενος εις την αναστήλωσιν των αγίων εικόνων,
he did not cease to send out encyclical letters published in Greek and Latin by Baronius (Annul.
against the emperor, he was subsequently removed a. 842) and in Latin in the Bill. Putrum (Lugd.
to various prisons, and at length taken to Smyrna, vol. xiv, p. 898). It is questionable, however,
and there closely confined. In 821 he was set at whether this composition is authentic, as it indi-
liberty by the emperor Michael Balbus, and re- cates a much more peaceable recognition of the
sumed his post at the head of his monastery. His adortion of images than was the case in the tinie
imprisonments had not tanght him moderation. of Thcodorus. It has been supposed therefore that
llis furious zeal for image worship soon broke out it is the composition of a Theodorus of later date.
again. In 824, indignant that the emperor would 15. 'H mixpà deyouévn Kathxnoris, A Latin version
not take strong measures against the Iconoclnsts, of this will be found in the Bill. Patr. (Colon. vol.
he favoured the machinations of Thomas against ix. , Paris, vol. ii. , Lugd. vol. xiv. p. 850. ) 10.
the emperor, and when the attempts of Thomas 'Eykátov tepl Toù ayiou Bapdorojalov. A Latin
were suppressed, found it necessary to retire from translation was published by Lucas Dacherius
Constantinople. After wandering about in several (Spivilegium, vol. ii. p. 13, Paris, 1659), and by
places, he ai length settled in the island Chalcite, Combétis. (Bill, Concionat. vol. vii. p. 755). 17.
where he died in 826, on the 11th of November. 'Eyrculov eis tov aylov 'Anboto. ov Kal Evayye.
Those who wish for detailed information respecting | λιστήν 'Ιωάννην τον θεολόγον, published in a
the piety and miracles of Theodorus, may consult Latin version by Combéfis (ibid. ). 18. Scrmo brcvis
Baronius (Annales, vol. ix. a. 795–826), who de- in Dominicum quartum Quadragesimae, in the
rived his materials from a life of Theodorus by version of Joannes Livineius, published together
Joannes, or some other Greek writer.
with the Catechesis. 19. Capitula quuttuor de
MS. this life is attributed to a monk of the name Vita ascetica, published in Greek and Latin by
of Michaelis, and under his name it is published in P. Possinus (Thesaurus Asceticus, Paris, 1684).
the fifth volume of the works of Sirmondus (Paris, 20. 'Eykupiov eis To Tpltou eupeo w tñs tiulas
1696), where also will be found the following li- Kepalñs Toll dylou Apodpó uov, published with the
terary remains of Theodorus.
version of Combéfis by Du Fresne (Traité historique
1. An oration on bchalf of images, delivered be- du chef de S. Baptiste, Paris, 1666). 21. Tporápia,
fore the emperor Leo. 2. Alabham, & confession of kavoves, &c. published in the various Greek colo
faith, written by Theodorus shortly before his lections of such hymns. 22. 'Huezáun kalovuévn
death, and accompanied by various precepts re- KaTnXyTIK”, divided into three parts, the katuxna
εpecting the monastic life, intended for the beneft | σας, μηνολόγιον, and διδασκαλία This work is
and guidance of his successor in the office of abbot. yet unpublished. Fabricius (Bill. Graec. vol. x.
3. Βίβλος δογματική, εν ή στερροί λόγοι γ και p. 449, &c. ) has a notice of the MSS. in which it
antipertikol. Three discourses against the Icono is extant, a list of the titles of the 217 discourses
machi. 4. Έλεγχος και ανατροπή των ασεβών | of which the work consists, and one of the dis-
froinuétwv, a refutation of certain iambic acrostichs courses (the tenth) printed at full length. The
composed by Joannes, Ignatius, Sergius, and Ste- reader is also referred to Fabricius (1. c. p. 471, &c. )
phanus against the worship of images. 5. Ipo- for a list of various other unpublished works of
Banuará Tiva npòs eixovoueyous. 6. Karà elkovo- Theodorus. (Baronius, l. c. ; Care, Hist. Litt. vol.
μάχους κεφάλαια επτά 7. Επιστολή προς Πλά- ii. p. 8, &c. ; Fabric. l. c. p. 434, &c. )
τωνα περί της προσκυνήσεως των σεπτών εικόνων. 70. TABENNENSIS, abbot of Tabenna, was born
8. Two books of epistles, comprising altogether about A. D. 314, at Latopolis in the Thebaid. He
276. Almost twice as many however are extant. belonged to a Christian family of station and
In one MS. of the Coislinian library there are 548. wealth. As his mother is frequently mentioned, •
These letters form a collection of considerable his. but not his father, it would appear that she was
torical value not only for the life of Theodorus, but left a widow while Theodorus was still young. He
with reference to the disputes which agitated the had two brothers, Macarius and Paphnutius, who
Church in his time. Fabricius (Bibl. Gracc. vol. x. were also monks at Tabenna. Macarius was older
p. 439, &c. ) has given a list of those to whom these than Theodorus, and his half-brother. Theodorus
letters are addressed, amounting to 284. 9. 'láucou appears to have addicted himself to ascetic rules of
eis Siapópous útoegels, epigrammatic poems in living at a very early age. When not more than
iambic metre on various subjects. The following thirteen or fourteen years old, he joined some re-
are not published in the works of Sirmondus : 10. cluses, and was soon afterwards introduced to Pa.
Δογματική περί τιμής και προσκυνήσεως των αγίων | chomius at Tabenna, by whom he was received
eikówv, published in the works of Damascenus with great favour, and under whom he is said to
(Basil. 1575, fol. ). There is a Latin version in have made rapid advances in all monastic virtues.
the Bibliotheca Patrum (Paris, 1589, 1644 and His example seems to have induced his mother to
1654, vol. iii. ). 11. 'Epitádios eis Diétwa toy enter a convent which Pachomius had established.
{autoll avEVMATIKÒV Tatépa; published in Greek Notwithstanding his youth, Theodorus was em-
by Henschen and Papebroche (Acta Sunctorum, plored by Pachomius to supply his place in in-
vol. i. April. p. xlvi. , and in Latin, p. 366). Other structing the other monks, and even the great
Latin translations are also found. 12. Adayos eis master himself professed to derive edification from
την προσκύνησιν του τιμίου και ζωοποιού σταυρού | the discourses of his young disciple. He also took
év tñ negovnotluq, published in Greek with the him with him, or sent him alone, to visit and
!
VOL. IIL
3 Y
## p. 1058 (#1074) ##########################################
1058
THEODORUS.
THEODORUS.
lle may
inspect the other monasteries which looked to him son of Cleomyttades I. , and the father of Sostra-
as their eaperintendent. When he was about thirty tus II. , who may be supposed to have lived in the
years of age, Pachomius appointed him to supply ninth century B. C. (Jo. Tzetzes, Chil. vii. Hist.
his place in the monastery at Tabenna, while he 155, in Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. xii. p. 680, ed. vet. )
himself retired to another. When his end ap- 2. The eleventh in descent from Aesculapius,
proached, however, in order, as it is said, to try the the son of Cleomyttades II. , and the father of Sog-
humility of Theodorus, he appointed a man of the tratus III. , who lived perhaps in the eighth and
nanie of Petronius as his successor. Petronius died seventh centuries B. c. (Poeti Epist. ad Artax. in
not long afterwards, appointing Orsisius as his Hippocr. Opera, vol. iii. p. 770). John Tzetzes
successor. The latter soon found himself incapable (loco cit. ) makes him to be the son, not of Cleo-
of maintaining the discipline of the monastery with mytendes 11. , but of King Crisamis II. ; and con-
sufficient vigour, and appointed Theodorus in his sequently not the eleventh, but the tenth of the
room. There is extant a letter of Theodorus, trans- family of the Asclepiadae.
lated into Latin by St. Jerome, inviting all the 3. A physician quoted by Pliny (II. N. xx. 40,
recluses of the order to assemble at a neighbouring xxiv. 120), who must therefore have lived in or
monastery to celebrate the festival of Easter. before the first century after Christ.
Theodorus on various occasions had epistolary and possibly have been the same person as the pupil of
personal communication with Athanasius, who is Athenaeus, who (if the Athenaeus in question be
said to have manifested great regard for him. the founder of the sect of the Pneumatici) must
Theodorus died April 27, A. D. 367. He is re- have lived in the first century after Christ. (Diog.
garded as a saint by the Greek Church; his memory Laërt. ii. 8. & 104. )
being honoured on the 16th of May, in order to 4. THEODORUS PRISCIANUS. [PrisciANUS. )
connect him with Pachomius. A large collection 5. THEODORUS Moschion, whose fifty-eighth
of somewhat dull stories about Theodorus will be book (? ) is quoted by Alexander Trallianus (i. 15.
found in Tillemont (Hist. Eccles. vol. vii. pp. 469 p. 156), must have lived in or before the sixth
-499).
century after Christ, and is probably the same
71. TARSENSIS. (D10DORUS TARSENSIS, Vol person whose second book (? ) is quoted in the
I. p. 1015. ]
same chapter a few lines above. Fabricius (Bill.
72. THEUS. (No. 32. ]
Lat. iv. 12, vol. ii. p. 591) supposes him to have
A great many more Theodori are met with, been the same person as Theodorus Priscianus ;
especially in ecclesiastical history. As they have Haller (Bill. Med. Pract. vol. i. p. 183) the same
not been thought worth inserting here, the reader as the physician quoted by Pliny, and also the
is referred to the catalogue in Fabricins. (Bill. same person who is quoted by Aëtius (iv. 1. 46.
Graec, vol. x. pp. 346-416, and Index. ) A list of p. 628).
twenty of the name is given by Diogenes Laërtius 6. The author of a short Latin work, entitled
(ii. 104).
[C. P. M. ] “ Diaeta sive de Rebus Salutaribus Liber," which
THEODO'RUS (ebdwpos), of Hermopolis, was first published in 1533. fol. Argent. , with
was a native of Hermopolis in the Thebaid. He “ Hildegardis Physica," and in a separate form in
was an advocate (oxonaotikos) at Constanti- | 1632. 8vo. Hal. ed. G. E. Schreiner. He is gene-
nople, where he wrote his commentaries on the rally supposed to be the same as Theodorus Pris-
Digest, the Code, and the Novellae. In the Bre- cianus, which may be correct, but he appears to be
viarium of the Novellae he is named at full length called simply Theolorus in the MSS. and editions
“ Theodorus Scholasticus, a Theban of Hermo- of his work. (Choulant's Handb. der Bücher-
polis. ” This Theodorus was living as late as the kunde für die Aeltere Melicin. )
reign of Mauricius, in whose time, it was affirmed, 7. The name is found in some other ancient
he composed his Breviarium after the collection of authors; for instance in Aëtius in several places,
168 Novellae, in which collection appear three in each of which the same person is probably in-
Novellae of Tiberius, which Theodorus has not tended. Now the person quoted by Aetius (ii. 2.
neglected. If Theodorus of Hermopolis wrote so 91. p. 291) is the same who is quoted by Nicolaus
late, it is hardly within the limits of probability that Myrepsns (xxxvi. 138. p. 738), and called “ Ac-
he was the Theodorus, professor at Constantinople, tuarius ;” and as the title of “ Actuarius
one of those to whom Justinian addressed his only in use at the court of Constantinople (see Did.
constitution on the course of law studies (Omnem of Ant. p. 748, b. 2d ed. ), this Theodorus probably
reipublicae nostrae). There is a small number of lived in the fifth century after Christ, and cannot
fragments by Theodorus, which are placed in the therefore be (as Haller supposed) the physician
Basilica under certain texts of the Digests ; but quoted by Pliny.
whether he commented on the whole work is 8. A celebrated Christian physician at Níshá-
doubtful. The commentary on the Code was a púr in Chorásán, where one of the Persian kings,
Breviarium, consisting of abridgments or sum- either Shapúr (or Sapor) II. or Bahrám (or Vu-
maries of the Constitutions in the Code, with rancs) IV. , built at his request a Christian church,
notices of similar passages in the Code or the in the fourth century after Christ. He wrote a
Novellae. The Breviarium of the Norellae exists work called “ Pandectae Medicinae ” (Ibn Abí
complete in a MS. of Mount Athos, the only one at Osaibi'ah, Fontes Relationum de Class. Medicor.
present known. It has been published by Zacha. xi. 1. (MS. Arab. in Bibl. Bodl. ); Wüstenfeld,
riae, Anecdota (pp. 1-163). (Mortreuil, Histoire Gesch. der Arab. Aerzte, p. 6. )
du Droit Byzantin, vol. i. )
(G. L. ] 9. A Jacobite Christian of Antioch, in the
THEODO’RUS (ebdwpos), the name of two thirteenth century after Christ, who was well ac-
members of the family of the Asclepiadae, and of quainted with the Syriac and Latin languages, and
several physicians whom it is impossible to distin- also with mathematics and other sciences. He went
guish with any tolerable degree of certainty :- first to the court of ’Aláu-d-Din, sultán of the Seljuks
1. The seventh in descent from Aesculapius, the in the kingdom of Rúm, in order to become his phy. .
was
.
## p. 1059 (#1075) ##########################################
THEODORUS.
1059
THEODORUS.
.
sician ; but not receiving from the prince the welcome there purposely taken at random. The blundering
he expected, he went on to Armenia, to the court account of Athenagoras (Iegut. pro Christ. 14. p. 60,
of Constantine the father of King Hátem, and ed. Dechair), that Theodorus of Miletus, in con-
afterwards to one of the Latin emperors of Conjunction with Daedalus, invented the arts of statuary
stantinople. Here he was loaded with riches and and modelling (åvoplavTowOINTIKIN Kal ThaotikMV)
honours; but after a time he was seized with a scarcely deserves to be mentioned, except that it
great desire to revisit his friends and native coun- may perhaps be regarded as involving a tradition of
try, and requested permission to return home. This some value, because it indicates the coast of Asia
was refused, so Theodorus took an opportunity of Minor: as one scene of the artistic activity of
leaving the city by stealth, while the emperor was Theodorus. We proceed therefore to the positive
absent, and set sail for Acre. He was, however, testimonies respecting these artista.
compelled by stress of weather to put into a port Tho most definitely chronological of these testi-
where the emperor then happened to be, which had monies aro the passages in which llerodotus men-
such an effect upon Theodorus that he poisoned tions Theodorus as the maker of the silver cruler
himself. (Abu-l- Farnj, llist. Dynast. 3+1; which Croesus sent to Delphi (i. 51), and of the
Dillerbelot, Bill. Orient. )
celebrated ring of Polycrates (iii. 41).
viii. pt. ii. ) 28. In posteriora Analytica Aristotelis, whom he offered the most abject flattery. In the
and depl ŁALÕEIKTIKWv. 29. De pauco et multo, following year, in consequence of the incursions of
magno et parvo, quod non sint relativa sed contraria. the Saracens, he removed to the monastery of Stu-
30. Various essays on matters of theology and dium, within the city. In 806, when Nicephorus
ecclesiastical discipline. (Fabricius, l. c. ; Schöll, was made patriarch, and the abbot Josephus, who
Geschichte der Griech. Litteratur, vol. iii. p. 81, had sanctioned the marriage of Constantinus, was
&c. )
restored to the communion of the Church by a
65. Rhaithuexsis, lived in the middle of the council held at Constantinople, the wrath of Theo.
seventh century in the monastery of Rhaithu, dorus was again excited, and he refused all com-
near Elim, in Palestine. He was the author of a munion with the patriarch. He was joined in his
work on the incarnation of Christ, entitled, Ipo- violent proceedings by a large number of monks,
παρασκευή της και γυμνασία των βουλομένω μαθείν | and, when reproved by the Pope Leo, replied in
τίς ο τρόπος της θείας ενανθρωπήσεως και οικονο- an insolent and angry tone. These proceedings
uías, ka@8v hét partai kal tiva tà apòs tous led to his being again banished in 809, together
ταύτην μη ορθώς νοούντας λεγόμενα παρά των with his brother Josephus and the abbot Plato, to
της εκκλησίας τροφίμων, the object of which was an island near Byzantium. In 8ll, on making
to defend the orthodox view against the heresies of his submission to Nicephorus, he was set at liberty
.
## p. 1057 (#1073) ##########################################
TIIEODORUS:
1057
THEODORUS.
In one
by Michael Rhangabe. Two years afterwards, translation of J. Gretser, in the work of the latter
when the emperor Leo the Armenian issued an De Cruce (vol. ii. p. 287). There is also a Latin
edict agninst the worsliip of images, Theodorus, translation in the Bibliotheca Putrum (vol. xiv. p.
backed by a considerable number of monks, set 900). ' 13. Karwv els any otaupot puokúvnoiv, a
the edict at defiance, openly celebrnted processions hymn on the adoration of the cross, published by
of images, and incited the people to sedition. He Gretser (ibid. vol. iii. p. 487). 14. Kavwr yaró
was at first placed in gentle confinement; but as μενος εις την αναστήλωσιν των αγίων εικόνων,
he did not cease to send out encyclical letters published in Greek and Latin by Baronius (Annul.
against the emperor, he was subsequently removed a. 842) and in Latin in the Bill. Putrum (Lugd.
to various prisons, and at length taken to Smyrna, vol. xiv, p. 898). It is questionable, however,
and there closely confined. In 821 he was set at whether this composition is authentic, as it indi-
liberty by the emperor Michael Balbus, and re- cates a much more peaceable recognition of the
sumed his post at the head of his monastery. His adortion of images than was the case in the tinie
imprisonments had not tanght him moderation. of Thcodorus. It has been supposed therefore that
llis furious zeal for image worship soon broke out it is the composition of a Theodorus of later date.
again. In 824, indignant that the emperor would 15. 'H mixpà deyouévn Kathxnoris, A Latin version
not take strong measures against the Iconoclnsts, of this will be found in the Bill. Patr. (Colon. vol.
he favoured the machinations of Thomas against ix. , Paris, vol. ii. , Lugd. vol. xiv. p. 850. ) 10.
the emperor, and when the attempts of Thomas 'Eykátov tepl Toù ayiou Bapdorojalov. A Latin
were suppressed, found it necessary to retire from translation was published by Lucas Dacherius
Constantinople. After wandering about in several (Spivilegium, vol. ii. p. 13, Paris, 1659), and by
places, he ai length settled in the island Chalcite, Combétis. (Bill, Concionat. vol. vii. p. 755). 17.
where he died in 826, on the 11th of November. 'Eyrculov eis tov aylov 'Anboto. ov Kal Evayye.
Those who wish for detailed information respecting | λιστήν 'Ιωάννην τον θεολόγον, published in a
the piety and miracles of Theodorus, may consult Latin version by Combéfis (ibid. ). 18. Scrmo brcvis
Baronius (Annales, vol. ix. a. 795–826), who de- in Dominicum quartum Quadragesimae, in the
rived his materials from a life of Theodorus by version of Joannes Livineius, published together
Joannes, or some other Greek writer.
with the Catechesis. 19. Capitula quuttuor de
MS. this life is attributed to a monk of the name Vita ascetica, published in Greek and Latin by
of Michaelis, and under his name it is published in P. Possinus (Thesaurus Asceticus, Paris, 1684).
the fifth volume of the works of Sirmondus (Paris, 20. 'Eykupiov eis To Tpltou eupeo w tñs tiulas
1696), where also will be found the following li- Kepalñs Toll dylou Apodpó uov, published with the
terary remains of Theodorus.
version of Combéfis by Du Fresne (Traité historique
1. An oration on bchalf of images, delivered be- du chef de S. Baptiste, Paris, 1666). 21. Tporápia,
fore the emperor Leo. 2. Alabham, & confession of kavoves, &c. published in the various Greek colo
faith, written by Theodorus shortly before his lections of such hymns. 22. 'Huezáun kalovuévn
death, and accompanied by various precepts re- KaTnXyTIK”, divided into three parts, the katuxna
εpecting the monastic life, intended for the beneft | σας, μηνολόγιον, and διδασκαλία This work is
and guidance of his successor in the office of abbot. yet unpublished. Fabricius (Bill. Graec. vol. x.
3. Βίβλος δογματική, εν ή στερροί λόγοι γ και p. 449, &c. ) has a notice of the MSS. in which it
antipertikol. Three discourses against the Icono is extant, a list of the titles of the 217 discourses
machi. 4. Έλεγχος και ανατροπή των ασεβών | of which the work consists, and one of the dis-
froinuétwv, a refutation of certain iambic acrostichs courses (the tenth) printed at full length. The
composed by Joannes, Ignatius, Sergius, and Ste- reader is also referred to Fabricius (1. c. p. 471, &c. )
phanus against the worship of images. 5. Ipo- for a list of various other unpublished works of
Banuará Tiva npòs eixovoueyous. 6. Karà elkovo- Theodorus. (Baronius, l. c. ; Care, Hist. Litt. vol.
μάχους κεφάλαια επτά 7. Επιστολή προς Πλά- ii. p. 8, &c. ; Fabric. l. c. p. 434, &c. )
τωνα περί της προσκυνήσεως των σεπτών εικόνων. 70. TABENNENSIS, abbot of Tabenna, was born
8. Two books of epistles, comprising altogether about A. D. 314, at Latopolis in the Thebaid. He
276. Almost twice as many however are extant. belonged to a Christian family of station and
In one MS. of the Coislinian library there are 548. wealth. As his mother is frequently mentioned, •
These letters form a collection of considerable his. but not his father, it would appear that she was
torical value not only for the life of Theodorus, but left a widow while Theodorus was still young. He
with reference to the disputes which agitated the had two brothers, Macarius and Paphnutius, who
Church in his time. Fabricius (Bibl. Gracc. vol. x. were also monks at Tabenna. Macarius was older
p. 439, &c. ) has given a list of those to whom these than Theodorus, and his half-brother. Theodorus
letters are addressed, amounting to 284. 9. 'láucou appears to have addicted himself to ascetic rules of
eis Siapópous útoegels, epigrammatic poems in living at a very early age. When not more than
iambic metre on various subjects. The following thirteen or fourteen years old, he joined some re-
are not published in the works of Sirmondus : 10. cluses, and was soon afterwards introduced to Pa.
Δογματική περί τιμής και προσκυνήσεως των αγίων | chomius at Tabenna, by whom he was received
eikówv, published in the works of Damascenus with great favour, and under whom he is said to
(Basil. 1575, fol. ). There is a Latin version in have made rapid advances in all monastic virtues.
the Bibliotheca Patrum (Paris, 1589, 1644 and His example seems to have induced his mother to
1654, vol. iii. ). 11. 'Epitádios eis Diétwa toy enter a convent which Pachomius had established.
{autoll avEVMATIKÒV Tatépa; published in Greek Notwithstanding his youth, Theodorus was em-
by Henschen and Papebroche (Acta Sunctorum, plored by Pachomius to supply his place in in-
vol. i. April. p. xlvi. , and in Latin, p. 366). Other structing the other monks, and even the great
Latin translations are also found. 12. Adayos eis master himself professed to derive edification from
την προσκύνησιν του τιμίου και ζωοποιού σταυρού | the discourses of his young disciple. He also took
év tñ negovnotluq, published in Greek with the him with him, or sent him alone, to visit and
!
VOL. IIL
3 Y
## p. 1058 (#1074) ##########################################
1058
THEODORUS.
THEODORUS.
lle may
inspect the other monasteries which looked to him son of Cleomyttades I. , and the father of Sostra-
as their eaperintendent. When he was about thirty tus II. , who may be supposed to have lived in the
years of age, Pachomius appointed him to supply ninth century B. C. (Jo. Tzetzes, Chil. vii. Hist.
his place in the monastery at Tabenna, while he 155, in Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. xii. p. 680, ed. vet. )
himself retired to another. When his end ap- 2. The eleventh in descent from Aesculapius,
proached, however, in order, as it is said, to try the the son of Cleomyttades II. , and the father of Sog-
humility of Theodorus, he appointed a man of the tratus III. , who lived perhaps in the eighth and
nanie of Petronius as his successor. Petronius died seventh centuries B. c. (Poeti Epist. ad Artax. in
not long afterwards, appointing Orsisius as his Hippocr. Opera, vol. iii. p. 770). John Tzetzes
successor. The latter soon found himself incapable (loco cit. ) makes him to be the son, not of Cleo-
of maintaining the discipline of the monastery with mytendes 11. , but of King Crisamis II. ; and con-
sufficient vigour, and appointed Theodorus in his sequently not the eleventh, but the tenth of the
room. There is extant a letter of Theodorus, trans- family of the Asclepiadae.
lated into Latin by St. Jerome, inviting all the 3. A physician quoted by Pliny (II. N. xx. 40,
recluses of the order to assemble at a neighbouring xxiv. 120), who must therefore have lived in or
monastery to celebrate the festival of Easter. before the first century after Christ.
Theodorus on various occasions had epistolary and possibly have been the same person as the pupil of
personal communication with Athanasius, who is Athenaeus, who (if the Athenaeus in question be
said to have manifested great regard for him. the founder of the sect of the Pneumatici) must
Theodorus died April 27, A. D. 367. He is re- have lived in the first century after Christ. (Diog.
garded as a saint by the Greek Church; his memory Laërt. ii. 8. & 104. )
being honoured on the 16th of May, in order to 4. THEODORUS PRISCIANUS. [PrisciANUS. )
connect him with Pachomius. A large collection 5. THEODORUS Moschion, whose fifty-eighth
of somewhat dull stories about Theodorus will be book (? ) is quoted by Alexander Trallianus (i. 15.
found in Tillemont (Hist. Eccles. vol. vii. pp. 469 p. 156), must have lived in or before the sixth
-499).
century after Christ, and is probably the same
71. TARSENSIS. (D10DORUS TARSENSIS, Vol person whose second book (? ) is quoted in the
I. p. 1015. ]
same chapter a few lines above. Fabricius (Bill.
72. THEUS. (No. 32. ]
Lat. iv. 12, vol. ii. p. 591) supposes him to have
A great many more Theodori are met with, been the same person as Theodorus Priscianus ;
especially in ecclesiastical history. As they have Haller (Bill. Med. Pract. vol. i. p. 183) the same
not been thought worth inserting here, the reader as the physician quoted by Pliny, and also the
is referred to the catalogue in Fabricins. (Bill. same person who is quoted by Aëtius (iv. 1. 46.
Graec, vol. x. pp. 346-416, and Index. ) A list of p. 628).
twenty of the name is given by Diogenes Laërtius 6. The author of a short Latin work, entitled
(ii. 104).
[C. P. M. ] “ Diaeta sive de Rebus Salutaribus Liber," which
THEODO'RUS (ebdwpos), of Hermopolis, was first published in 1533. fol. Argent. , with
was a native of Hermopolis in the Thebaid. He “ Hildegardis Physica," and in a separate form in
was an advocate (oxonaotikos) at Constanti- | 1632. 8vo. Hal. ed. G. E. Schreiner. He is gene-
nople, where he wrote his commentaries on the rally supposed to be the same as Theodorus Pris-
Digest, the Code, and the Novellae. In the Bre- cianus, which may be correct, but he appears to be
viarium of the Novellae he is named at full length called simply Theolorus in the MSS. and editions
“ Theodorus Scholasticus, a Theban of Hermo- of his work. (Choulant's Handb. der Bücher-
polis. ” This Theodorus was living as late as the kunde für die Aeltere Melicin. )
reign of Mauricius, in whose time, it was affirmed, 7. The name is found in some other ancient
he composed his Breviarium after the collection of authors; for instance in Aëtius in several places,
168 Novellae, in which collection appear three in each of which the same person is probably in-
Novellae of Tiberius, which Theodorus has not tended. Now the person quoted by Aetius (ii. 2.
neglected. If Theodorus of Hermopolis wrote so 91. p. 291) is the same who is quoted by Nicolaus
late, it is hardly within the limits of probability that Myrepsns (xxxvi. 138. p. 738), and called “ Ac-
he was the Theodorus, professor at Constantinople, tuarius ;” and as the title of “ Actuarius
one of those to whom Justinian addressed his only in use at the court of Constantinople (see Did.
constitution on the course of law studies (Omnem of Ant. p. 748, b. 2d ed. ), this Theodorus probably
reipublicae nostrae). There is a small number of lived in the fifth century after Christ, and cannot
fragments by Theodorus, which are placed in the therefore be (as Haller supposed) the physician
Basilica under certain texts of the Digests ; but quoted by Pliny.
whether he commented on the whole work is 8. A celebrated Christian physician at Níshá-
doubtful. The commentary on the Code was a púr in Chorásán, where one of the Persian kings,
Breviarium, consisting of abridgments or sum- either Shapúr (or Sapor) II. or Bahrám (or Vu-
maries of the Constitutions in the Code, with rancs) IV. , built at his request a Christian church,
notices of similar passages in the Code or the in the fourth century after Christ. He wrote a
Novellae. The Breviarium of the Norellae exists work called “ Pandectae Medicinae ” (Ibn Abí
complete in a MS. of Mount Athos, the only one at Osaibi'ah, Fontes Relationum de Class. Medicor.
present known. It has been published by Zacha. xi. 1. (MS. Arab. in Bibl. Bodl. ); Wüstenfeld,
riae, Anecdota (pp. 1-163). (Mortreuil, Histoire Gesch. der Arab. Aerzte, p. 6. )
du Droit Byzantin, vol. i. )
(G. L. ] 9. A Jacobite Christian of Antioch, in the
THEODO’RUS (ebdwpos), the name of two thirteenth century after Christ, who was well ac-
members of the family of the Asclepiadae, and of quainted with the Syriac and Latin languages, and
several physicians whom it is impossible to distin- also with mathematics and other sciences. He went
guish with any tolerable degree of certainty :- first to the court of ’Aláu-d-Din, sultán of the Seljuks
1. The seventh in descent from Aesculapius, the in the kingdom of Rúm, in order to become his phy. .
was
.
## p. 1059 (#1075) ##########################################
THEODORUS.
1059
THEODORUS.
.
sician ; but not receiving from the prince the welcome there purposely taken at random. The blundering
he expected, he went on to Armenia, to the court account of Athenagoras (Iegut. pro Christ. 14. p. 60,
of Constantine the father of King Hátem, and ed. Dechair), that Theodorus of Miletus, in con-
afterwards to one of the Latin emperors of Conjunction with Daedalus, invented the arts of statuary
stantinople. Here he was loaded with riches and and modelling (åvoplavTowOINTIKIN Kal ThaotikMV)
honours; but after a time he was seized with a scarcely deserves to be mentioned, except that it
great desire to revisit his friends and native coun- may perhaps be regarded as involving a tradition of
try, and requested permission to return home. This some value, because it indicates the coast of Asia
was refused, so Theodorus took an opportunity of Minor: as one scene of the artistic activity of
leaving the city by stealth, while the emperor was Theodorus. We proceed therefore to the positive
absent, and set sail for Acre. He was, however, testimonies respecting these artista.
compelled by stress of weather to put into a port Tho most definitely chronological of these testi-
where the emperor then happened to be, which had monies aro the passages in which llerodotus men-
such an effect upon Theodorus that he poisoned tions Theodorus as the maker of the silver cruler
himself. (Abu-l- Farnj, llist. Dynast. 3+1; which Croesus sent to Delphi (i. 51), and of the
Dillerbelot, Bill. Orient. )
celebrated ring of Polycrates (iii. 41).
