SKI
Pisma Zygmunta Krasin?
Pisma Zygmunta Krasin?
Poland - 1919 - Krasinski - Anonymous Poet of Poland
He only shall make his enemies
his footstool who hath loved much and suffered much. "
He points to the calamities that have fallen on France
as her penalty for abandoning Poland. "I saw, oh,
Lord, how earthly causes are as perishing grain, mown
down in the evening though in the morning it was green.
Rulers and sovereigns end. Virtue alone knows no
end. " Once more he looks to Christ crucified and to
the reign of the Holy Spirit. "The last tears are falling
from men's eyes, and the last fetters from men's hands.
Sleep still, oh, earth! Thy Lord shall wake thee soon. "
In thy Rebirth from Death to Life (1858).
These were Krasinski's lastlines. Inthe vain journey
made from place to place to save his life, he halted with
his wife and children in the winter of 1858 at Paris on
the way to Algiers. In November Wincenty Krasinski
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? Resurrecturis
313
died in Poland, his dying son being unable to attend
his deathbed. Shattered with grief at his father's loss,
in the intervals of physical suffering Zygmunt spent the
last weeks of his life struggling to write a memoir of
Wincenty Krasinski: but this work, by which he in-
tended to vindicate the General's memory, could never
be carried through. He survived his father scarcely
three months. On the 23rd of February, 1859, at the
age of forty-seven, the Anonymous Poet of Poland
laid down the burden of the life that had been given to
his nation and fellow-men.
We need add little more. The summing up of Kra-
sinski's life and work is to be found not merely in his
own words; in his revelation of the sublimest of national
idealisms and of the history of a soul that ennobled and
conquered suffering both for himself and for his people,
told in the language of a great poet; but also in the
testimony borne by his fellow-Poles to what his teach-
ing has done for themselves and for their country. So
recently as the eve of the European war Polish political
writers have urged upon their persecuted nation the
moral of Iridion1. In Krasinski's writings, banned by
the government of the Tsars in Poland, smuggled as
penal contraband into the country for which they were
intended, young Poles have learnt the defence and
guidance of their souls amidst the unspeakable tempta-
tions by which their youth--the youth of the oppressed
--has been beset. They can look back to the day when
Krasinski's words, carried to them in secret over the
frontier, first reached their hands as the day of their
spiritual awakening2. Sons of Polish exiles, born and
1 E. Starczewski, L Europe el la Pologne. Paris, 1913.
2 M. Zdziechowski, The Vision of Krasinski, Cracow, 1912, where the
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? 3 H The Anonymous Poet of Poland
brought up in a foreign land, living under foreign
influences, who have never beheld their own country,
tell us that to their studies of Krasinski they in great
part owe the preservation of their own intense Polish
nationality. In these things resides the immortality of
the Anonymous Poet of Poland.
author, a distinguished Polish professor, describes as above the effect upon
his character of Krasinski's works. They were brought to him in his boy-
hood by one of the ladies of his family, hidden in her petticoats to elude
the Russian police.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE
L BIOGRAPHY AND CRITICISM
Jo? zef Kallenbach, Zygmunt Krasin? ski: Zycie i Two? rczos? c? Lat
M? odych (1812-1838). 2 vols. Lwo? w, 1904.
Juliusz Kleiner, Zygmunt Krasin? ski: Dzieje Mys? li. 2 vols.
Lwo? w, 1912.
Count Stanis? aw Tarnowski, Zygmunt Krasin? ski. Cracow,
1892, and later edition of same, Cracow, 1912.
Maryan Zdziechowski, Byron i jego Wiek. 2 vols. Cracow,
1894-97.
Maryan Zdziechowski, Mesyanis? ci i Siowianojile. Cracow,
1888.
Maryan Zdziechowski, Wizya Krasin? skiego. Cracow, 1912.
M. Mazanowski, Zygmunt Krasin? ski. Lwo? w.
Julian Klaczko, La Poc? sie Polonaise au Dix-Neuvieme Siecle
et le Poete Anonyme. Revue des Deux Mondes. 1862.
Adam Mickiewicz, Les Slaves. Paris, Musee Adam Mickiewicz,
1914.
T. Pini, Zygmunta Krasin? skiego tak zwany "Niedokon? czony
Poemat'' Pro? ba Genezy. Lwo? w, 1896.
Gabriel Sarrazin, Les Grands Poetes Romantiques de la Pologne.
Paris, 1906.
Pamie? tnik Literacki. Zeszyt Jubileuszowy Krasin? skiemu
pos? wie? cony. Lwo? w, Feb. 19, 1912.
F. Hoesick, Mi? os? c? w Z? yciu Zygmunta Krasin? skiego. Cracow,
1909.
II. CORRESPONDENCE OF KRASIN? SKI
Correspondance de Sigismond Krasin? ski et de Henry Reeve.
Preface de J. Kallenbach. 2 vols. Paris, 1902.
Wyja? tki z Listo? w Zygmunta Krasin? skiego. Paris, i860.
Listy Zygmunta Krasin? skiego do Konstantego Gaszyn? skiego.
Lwo? w, 1882.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? 3i6 Bibliographical Note
Listy Zygmunta Krasin? skiego do A dama So? tana. Lwo? w, 188 3.
Listy Zygmunta Krasin? skiego do J. S? owackiego, etc. Lwo? w,
1887.
Listy Zygmunta Krasin? skiego do Stanis? awa Ma? achowskiego.
Cracow, 1885.
Listy Zygmunta Krasin? skiego do Augusta Cieszkowskiego. 2
vols. Cracow, 1912.
Zygmunt Krasin? ski. Listy do St. Koz? miana. Lwo? w, 1912.
Zygmunt Krasin? ski i Ary Scheffer. Listy z Nieznanych
Re? kopiso? w. Ed. L. Wielisch. 1910.
Listy Zygmunta Krasin? skiego do Adama Potockiego. Ed. Adam
Krasin? ski. Biblioteka Warszawska. 1905.
Nieznane Listy Z. Krasin? skiego do Delfiny Potockiej. Ed.
R. S. Kamin? ski. Tygodnik /Ilustrowany. 1898, 1899.
III. WORKS OF KRASIN?
SKI
Pisma Zygmunta Krasin? skiego. Wydanie Jubileuszowe. 8
vols. Cracow, 1912.
Zygmunt Krasin? ski. Pisma. 4 vols. Lwo? w, 1902 (with an
introduction by Count Tarnowski).
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? INDEX
Agay Han, 70, 90, 180
Alexander I, of Russia, 4; his treat-
ment of Poland, 13
Ary Scheffer, 247
Bielinski, 13-16
Bobrowa, Joanna, Krasinski's love for,
135-40, 150, 170, 174-9. 182, 183,
193, 194, 297; prayers composed by
Krasinski for, 172, 173; Krasinski's
poems to, 174; allusion to in Summer
Night, 182, 183 ; 208; 278 n.
Boissier, 29
Branicka, Elzbieta, see Krasinska
Brodzinski, 17
Byron, influence on Krasinski, 11, 26,
28, 34, 43, 55, 180, 190, 274; in-
fluence on Siowacki, 172
Campbell, 26
Carlo Alberto, 79
Chopin, love for Delphina Potocka,
192; dedicates work to Delphina
Potocka, 229
Cieszkowski, August, Krasinski's letters
to, 134 n. , 198, 209, 220, 223, 248,
249, 287 n. , 288, 310; Krasinski's
friendship for, 197, 248; his Our
Father, 197; influence on Krasinski,
197, 198, 206, 210
Czarniecki, in Dawn, 236-8
Danielewicz, Konstanty, defends Kra-
sinski, 16, 88, 221 n. ; in the Un-
finished Poem, 16, p1, 289-93, 297,
299, 301-3; friendship with Kra-
sinski, 16, 88-91, 140,170, 183, 208,
209, 219-22, 289, 291; influence on
Krasinski, 89, 221 and n. ; death,
183, 209, 219, 220, 221 n. , 223; in
Fry burg, 220-2
Dante, 119, 231, 289, 293-6
Dawn, 24, 89, 94, 133, 136, 141, 193,
206, 210, 218, 223-46, 252, 253, 276,
280
Dream of Cesara, The, 24, 198, 200-3,
and see Three Thoughts
Flahaut, 192
Fryburg, 220-2
Gaszynski, Konstanty, history, 8 and n. ;
friendship with Krasinski, 8, 12, 75,
77, 80, 91, 137 n. , 248, 289;
Krasinski's letters to, 8, 19,27, 65 n. ,
75-80, 86, 89-91, "137, 149, 167-70,
174, 176, 194n. , 209, 219, 248, 266,
276n. , 289; 9; defends Krasinski,
16, 75; 25; 181; 200; 223, 224
Goszczynski, 283
Hegel, influence on Krasinski, 199, 210
Iridion, 16n. , 21, 36, 55, 65 n. , 70, 72,
78, 83, 84, 94, 135, 139-69, 172,
180, 181, 184, 253, 307, 313
Irving, Edward, 72
Jadwiga, Queen of Poland, 204 n.
Jakubowski, 18, 35, 47, 48, 50
Jean Paul, influence on Krasinski, 180,
181, 184
Joachim, of Flora, influence on Kra-
sinski, 206
John Casimir, of Poland, 240 n.
Kamienski, Henryk, his Life-giving
? ? Truths, 255, 256, 258, 259, 261
Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? 3i8
Index
32! 35; 38! son's struggle with
during Rising, 45-52, 54, 57, 59, 60,
67, 69, 76,182; son's sacrifice for, 53,
55, 64, 65n. ,66, 82, 182 ; 58n. ; 71;
74575 and n. ; 79; 80; 86; represented
in Undivine Comedy, 105-7, "o;
112; 138; 171; 179; 181 ; xaSummer
Night, 182 ; in Temptation, 191; 195;
208; 222 ; 223; 225 ; death, 312, 313;
son's attempted biography of, 313
Krasinski, Zygmunt, general character-
istics of life and work, r, 2; work for
Poland, 1, 2, 65-7, 79, 80, 179, 183,
184, 189, 230, 238, 251-3, 255, 260,
268, 269, 277, 282, 285, 304; early
incapacity/or verse, 1, 11, 26, 32 ; his
anonymity, 1, 55, 61, 64, 65 n. , 66,
76. 77. 79. 8o. 9? . 9i, 94. 1? 7. 149.
167, 181, 185, 223, 246, 256, 270;
birth, 2, 3; relations with father, 2,
4-6, 10, 18, 20, 21, 45-9, 77, 81, 82,
no, 170, 175, 177, 182, 208, 249,
250; his mother, 2-5, 47, 49, 106,
1n; childhood, 3-7, 105-7; cdt of
Napoleon, 3, 30, 225, 226, 300;
character, 4, 8, 9, 12, 13, 15, 17, 20,
26-8, 30, 32, 40, 50, 69, 76, 88, 89,
106, 1n, 112, 136, 138, 170, 171,
178, 183, 221, 222, 224, 234, 250,
254; his devotion to his country, 5-8,
15, 19-21, 24, 26, 28, 31, 32, 39-41,
45-9. 53-5. 57-65. 69n. , 72, 74, 78,
80, 82, 140, 161, 172, 176, 180, 181,
183, 187, 194, 200, 229, 238, 246,
253, 265-8, 272, 277, 282, 285, 304,
310; contrast with Mickiewicz, 5,
33. 253, 282, 283; early Polish
writings, 7, 10, 11, 17, 25, 34; life
at school, 7,8; influenced by Scott, 7,
9, II, 17; friendship with Gaszynski,
8, 12, 16, 75, 77, 80,91, 137n. , 248,
289; letters to Gaszynski, 8, 19, 27,
65n-. 75-8o, 86, 89-91, 137, 149,
167-70, 174, 176, 194^, 209, 219,
248, 266, 276 n. , 289; his blindness,
8, 48, 54. 74"83, 87, 89, 92, 107,
1n, 112 n. , 171, 289, 310; life as
University student, 8-10, 12; love for
Amelia Zatuska, 9, 10, 81, 135;
letters to Reeve, 10, 16n. , 18, 22,
23, 27-32, 35-44. 49. 5! -63. 64n. ,
6567-74. 69 n. , 75 n. , 79-88,
89 n. , 91, 96, no, 135-7. 139. r4? .
150, 169, 175, 179, 182; on Konrad
Wallenrod, 11; struggle with hatred,
n, 70-2, 84, 140, 167, 196; in-
fluenced by Byron, 11, 26, 28, 34,
43. 55. 18? . 190. 274; letters to
father, n, 12, 19-21, 26, 33. 45-8.
59, 60, 72, 73, 75, 135, 170, 176,
177, 181; episode in University, 15-
17, 70,75,88, 221 n. , 292; friendship
with Danielewicz, 16,88-91, 140, 170,
183, 208, 209, 219-22, 221 n. , 289,
290, 292 ; removed from University,
17 ; last days in Poland, id. ; leaves
Poland, 17-19; life at Geneva, 19-32;
? ? friendship with Reeve, 20, 22, 23
Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? Index
319
audience with Nicholas I, 86, 87,
187; journey from Petersburg, 87,
88; stay in Vienna, 88-91; journey
to Rome with Danielewicz, 91; his
conception of poetry, 95-7 ; 96 n. ; his
portrayal of women, 99, 152; his
artistic restraint, 104, 144, 145; as a
husband, 106, 249-51, 287 and n. ,
288, 307; love the root of his system,
116, 158, 166, 261, 279, 302; letters
to Cieszkowski, 13411, 198, 209,
220, 223, 248, 249, 287 n. , 288, 310;
winter 1833-4 in Rome, 135, 136;
love for Mme Bobrowa, [35-40,
150, 170, 174-9. 182, 183, 193, 194,
297; friendship withSoitan, 137, 138,
171, 207, 310; friendship with
Siowacki, 172, 278; temporary loss
of inspiration, 172, 180; writes book
of prayers for Mme Bobrowa, 172,
173; his first poems, 174, 175; his
spiritual resurrection, 174, 193-5,
197, 207, 209, 222-5, 230, 231, 245,
256, 280; return in 1838 to Poland,
176, 177; letters to Adam Potocki,
178, 179, 19411. ; leaves Poland, 179;
influenced by Jean Paul, 180,181,184;
letters to Stowacki, 183, 207; letters
toDelphina Potocka, 193, 194 and n. ,
195, 206, n. 221 and 222, 247, 268;
friendship with Cieszkowski, 197,
248; influenced by Cieszkowski, 197,
198, 206, 210; influenced by Hegel,
199, 210; by Schelling, 206, 210; on
the three epochs, 206, 210-6; his
marriage, 208, 222, 223, 247, 271;
winter of 1841-2 in Munich, 208,
209; letters to Matachowski, 209,
265, 266; on transition, 211-4, 216,
295; on the Christianization of
political relations, 212-5, 216, 227-9,
245, 302; his historical mysticism,
215, 216, 224-7; his theory on iden-
tification of individual with national
mysticism, 218, 230, 257, 281;
effect of Danielewicz's death on, 219,
220, 221 n. , 222, 223; finishes Dawn
at Nice, 223; friendship with Mata-
chowski, 223; sojourn in Poland after
marriage, 249-52, 254; attitude to
revolution, 254, 255, 286; clear
political vision, 254, 300 n. , 311;
effect of Galician massacres on, 265,
266, 268, 276, 277; on annexation of
Cracow, 207; letters to Trentowski,
267-9! letters to Kozmian, 267, 268,
288, 305 n. , 310, 311; friendship with
Kozmian, 267,268,310; attack of Sto-
wacki on, 277-9, 3? 3 , 27" n. , appeals
to Montalembert, Lamartine and Pius
IX, 286; as a father, 287, 288; his
domestic circle, 288, 289; last years,
306-12; poems to wife, 306-9;
appeals to Grand Duchess of Baden
and Napoleon III, 311; his last
verses, 312 ; effect of father's death
on, 3I3, attempts to write his father's
? ? biography, id. ; death, id. ; moral
Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? 320
Index
Paskiewicz, 65 n.
Pius IX, Krasinski's appeal to, 286
Plater, Cezary, 221 n.
Potocka, Delphina, Krasinski's love
for, 24, 192-7, 206, 208, 220-3, 229-
32,247, 250, 264, 271-4, 289-91, 294,
296, 297, 307; Krasinski's poems to,
24, 174, 194-6, 208, 250,306, 307;
her history, 192; Chopin's devotion
to, 192, 229; Krasinski's letters to,
193, 194 and n. , 195, 206, n. 221 and
222, 247, 268; in Dream of Cesara,
200-3 , m Fryburg, 220-2 ; inspires
Dawn, 223, 229; in Dawn, 229-33,
235, 238-46; in To-Day, 271-4;
connection with the Unfinished Poem,
289, 290; in the Unfinished Poem,
291, 294, 296, 297
Potocki, Adam, Temptation written for,
87, 178, 184; Krasinski's letters to,
178, 179, 194 n.
Psalms of the Future, 65 n. , 78, 133,
196, 210, 230, 253, 258, 260, 277,
296, 303
Psalm of Faith, 254-8, and see Psalms
of the Future
Psalm of Hope, 252, 254-6, 258-60, and
see Psalms of the Fu ture
Psalm of Love, 254-6, 260-4, 27? . 277_
9, 303, and see Psalms of the Future
Psalm of Grief, 277-80, 302, and see
Psalms of the Future
Psalm of Good Will, 270, 277, 279-85,
and see Psalms of the Future
Reeve, Henry, Krasinski's letters to,
10, 16n. , 18, 22, 23, 27-32, 35-44,
49, 5I-63, 64 n. , 65 n. , 67-74, 69^,
75n. , 79-88, 89^. , 91, 96, no, 135-7,
139, 140, 150, 169, 175, 179, 182;
18; Krasinski's friendship with, 20,
22, 23 and n. , 24, 26, 30-2, 35, 41-4,
5? -3, 55. 56, 58, 59, 6*, 69 n. , 75,
79 and n. , 80, 91, I37n. , 170; in
Adam le Fou, 55; 64 n. ; on Kra-
sinski's return to Poland, 74; no
Resurrecturis, 94, 133, 230, 268, 269,
304, 305 and n. , 306, 312
Rossi, 21
Saint-Martin, 239
Sand, George, 256
Sanguszko, Roman, 274
Sautter, Constance, 23, 29, 32, 56
SchellingjinfluenceonKrasinski, 206,21 o
Scott, Walter, influence on Krasinski,
7, 9. '7
Shakspeare, 26
Shelley, 28
Sieroczynski, 288 and n.
Skrzynecki, 53
Siowacki, Juliusz, 1, 11 ; his life and
work, 172; friendship with Kra-
sinski, 172, 278; Krasinski's letters
to, 183, 207; his national mysticism,
253; his attack on the Psalm of Love,
277-9,303; 2780. ; 290; in the Un-
finished Poem, 303
Sobieski, 287 and n.
? ? Sottan, Adam, Krasinski's letters to,
Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? flTlQ2Qfl3DM5
b89102083045a
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust.
his footstool who hath loved much and suffered much. "
He points to the calamities that have fallen on France
as her penalty for abandoning Poland. "I saw, oh,
Lord, how earthly causes are as perishing grain, mown
down in the evening though in the morning it was green.
Rulers and sovereigns end. Virtue alone knows no
end. " Once more he looks to Christ crucified and to
the reign of the Holy Spirit. "The last tears are falling
from men's eyes, and the last fetters from men's hands.
Sleep still, oh, earth! Thy Lord shall wake thee soon. "
In thy Rebirth from Death to Life (1858).
These were Krasinski's lastlines. Inthe vain journey
made from place to place to save his life, he halted with
his wife and children in the winter of 1858 at Paris on
the way to Algiers. In November Wincenty Krasinski
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? Resurrecturis
313
died in Poland, his dying son being unable to attend
his deathbed. Shattered with grief at his father's loss,
in the intervals of physical suffering Zygmunt spent the
last weeks of his life struggling to write a memoir of
Wincenty Krasinski: but this work, by which he in-
tended to vindicate the General's memory, could never
be carried through. He survived his father scarcely
three months. On the 23rd of February, 1859, at the
age of forty-seven, the Anonymous Poet of Poland
laid down the burden of the life that had been given to
his nation and fellow-men.
We need add little more. The summing up of Kra-
sinski's life and work is to be found not merely in his
own words; in his revelation of the sublimest of national
idealisms and of the history of a soul that ennobled and
conquered suffering both for himself and for his people,
told in the language of a great poet; but also in the
testimony borne by his fellow-Poles to what his teach-
ing has done for themselves and for their country. So
recently as the eve of the European war Polish political
writers have urged upon their persecuted nation the
moral of Iridion1. In Krasinski's writings, banned by
the government of the Tsars in Poland, smuggled as
penal contraband into the country for which they were
intended, young Poles have learnt the defence and
guidance of their souls amidst the unspeakable tempta-
tions by which their youth--the youth of the oppressed
--has been beset. They can look back to the day when
Krasinski's words, carried to them in secret over the
frontier, first reached their hands as the day of their
spiritual awakening2. Sons of Polish exiles, born and
1 E. Starczewski, L Europe el la Pologne. Paris, 1913.
2 M. Zdziechowski, The Vision of Krasinski, Cracow, 1912, where the
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? 3 H The Anonymous Poet of Poland
brought up in a foreign land, living under foreign
influences, who have never beheld their own country,
tell us that to their studies of Krasinski they in great
part owe the preservation of their own intense Polish
nationality. In these things resides the immortality of
the Anonymous Poet of Poland.
author, a distinguished Polish professor, describes as above the effect upon
his character of Krasinski's works. They were brought to him in his boy-
hood by one of the ladies of his family, hidden in her petticoats to elude
the Russian police.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE
L BIOGRAPHY AND CRITICISM
Jo? zef Kallenbach, Zygmunt Krasin? ski: Zycie i Two? rczos? c? Lat
M? odych (1812-1838). 2 vols. Lwo? w, 1904.
Juliusz Kleiner, Zygmunt Krasin? ski: Dzieje Mys? li. 2 vols.
Lwo? w, 1912.
Count Stanis? aw Tarnowski, Zygmunt Krasin? ski. Cracow,
1892, and later edition of same, Cracow, 1912.
Maryan Zdziechowski, Byron i jego Wiek. 2 vols. Cracow,
1894-97.
Maryan Zdziechowski, Mesyanis? ci i Siowianojile. Cracow,
1888.
Maryan Zdziechowski, Wizya Krasin? skiego. Cracow, 1912.
M. Mazanowski, Zygmunt Krasin? ski. Lwo? w.
Julian Klaczko, La Poc? sie Polonaise au Dix-Neuvieme Siecle
et le Poete Anonyme. Revue des Deux Mondes. 1862.
Adam Mickiewicz, Les Slaves. Paris, Musee Adam Mickiewicz,
1914.
T. Pini, Zygmunta Krasin? skiego tak zwany "Niedokon? czony
Poemat'' Pro? ba Genezy. Lwo? w, 1896.
Gabriel Sarrazin, Les Grands Poetes Romantiques de la Pologne.
Paris, 1906.
Pamie? tnik Literacki. Zeszyt Jubileuszowy Krasin? skiemu
pos? wie? cony. Lwo? w, Feb. 19, 1912.
F. Hoesick, Mi? os? c? w Z? yciu Zygmunta Krasin? skiego. Cracow,
1909.
II. CORRESPONDENCE OF KRASIN? SKI
Correspondance de Sigismond Krasin? ski et de Henry Reeve.
Preface de J. Kallenbach. 2 vols. Paris, 1902.
Wyja? tki z Listo? w Zygmunta Krasin? skiego. Paris, i860.
Listy Zygmunta Krasin? skiego do Konstantego Gaszyn? skiego.
Lwo? w, 1882.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? 3i6 Bibliographical Note
Listy Zygmunta Krasin? skiego do A dama So? tana. Lwo? w, 188 3.
Listy Zygmunta Krasin? skiego do J. S? owackiego, etc. Lwo? w,
1887.
Listy Zygmunta Krasin? skiego do Stanis? awa Ma? achowskiego.
Cracow, 1885.
Listy Zygmunta Krasin? skiego do Augusta Cieszkowskiego. 2
vols. Cracow, 1912.
Zygmunt Krasin? ski. Listy do St. Koz? miana. Lwo? w, 1912.
Zygmunt Krasin? ski i Ary Scheffer. Listy z Nieznanych
Re? kopiso? w. Ed. L. Wielisch. 1910.
Listy Zygmunta Krasin? skiego do Adama Potockiego. Ed. Adam
Krasin? ski. Biblioteka Warszawska. 1905.
Nieznane Listy Z. Krasin? skiego do Delfiny Potockiej. Ed.
R. S. Kamin? ski. Tygodnik /Ilustrowany. 1898, 1899.
III. WORKS OF KRASIN?
SKI
Pisma Zygmunta Krasin? skiego. Wydanie Jubileuszowe. 8
vols. Cracow, 1912.
Zygmunt Krasin? ski. Pisma. 4 vols. Lwo? w, 1902 (with an
introduction by Count Tarnowski).
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? INDEX
Agay Han, 70, 90, 180
Alexander I, of Russia, 4; his treat-
ment of Poland, 13
Ary Scheffer, 247
Bielinski, 13-16
Bobrowa, Joanna, Krasinski's love for,
135-40, 150, 170, 174-9. 182, 183,
193, 194, 297; prayers composed by
Krasinski for, 172, 173; Krasinski's
poems to, 174; allusion to in Summer
Night, 182, 183 ; 208; 278 n.
Boissier, 29
Branicka, Elzbieta, see Krasinska
Brodzinski, 17
Byron, influence on Krasinski, 11, 26,
28, 34, 43, 55, 180, 190, 274; in-
fluence on Siowacki, 172
Campbell, 26
Carlo Alberto, 79
Chopin, love for Delphina Potocka,
192; dedicates work to Delphina
Potocka, 229
Cieszkowski, August, Krasinski's letters
to, 134 n. , 198, 209, 220, 223, 248,
249, 287 n. , 288, 310; Krasinski's
friendship for, 197, 248; his Our
Father, 197; influence on Krasinski,
197, 198, 206, 210
Czarniecki, in Dawn, 236-8
Danielewicz, Konstanty, defends Kra-
sinski, 16, 88, 221 n. ; in the Un-
finished Poem, 16, p1, 289-93, 297,
299, 301-3; friendship with Kra-
sinski, 16, 88-91, 140,170, 183, 208,
209, 219-22, 289, 291; influence on
Krasinski, 89, 221 and n. ; death,
183, 209, 219, 220, 221 n. , 223; in
Fry burg, 220-2
Dante, 119, 231, 289, 293-6
Dawn, 24, 89, 94, 133, 136, 141, 193,
206, 210, 218, 223-46, 252, 253, 276,
280
Dream of Cesara, The, 24, 198, 200-3,
and see Three Thoughts
Flahaut, 192
Fryburg, 220-2
Gaszynski, Konstanty, history, 8 and n. ;
friendship with Krasinski, 8, 12, 75,
77, 80, 91, 137 n. , 248, 289;
Krasinski's letters to, 8, 19,27, 65 n. ,
75-80, 86, 89-91, "137, 149, 167-70,
174, 176, 194n. , 209, 219, 248, 266,
276n. , 289; 9; defends Krasinski,
16, 75; 25; 181; 200; 223, 224
Goszczynski, 283
Hegel, influence on Krasinski, 199, 210
Iridion, 16n. , 21, 36, 55, 65 n. , 70, 72,
78, 83, 84, 94, 135, 139-69, 172,
180, 181, 184, 253, 307, 313
Irving, Edward, 72
Jadwiga, Queen of Poland, 204 n.
Jakubowski, 18, 35, 47, 48, 50
Jean Paul, influence on Krasinski, 180,
181, 184
Joachim, of Flora, influence on Kra-
sinski, 206
John Casimir, of Poland, 240 n.
Kamienski, Henryk, his Life-giving
? ? Truths, 255, 256, 258, 259, 261
Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? 3i8
Index
32! 35; 38! son's struggle with
during Rising, 45-52, 54, 57, 59, 60,
67, 69, 76,182; son's sacrifice for, 53,
55, 64, 65n. ,66, 82, 182 ; 58n. ; 71;
74575 and n. ; 79; 80; 86; represented
in Undivine Comedy, 105-7, "o;
112; 138; 171; 179; 181 ; xaSummer
Night, 182 ; in Temptation, 191; 195;
208; 222 ; 223; 225 ; death, 312, 313;
son's attempted biography of, 313
Krasinski, Zygmunt, general character-
istics of life and work, r, 2; work for
Poland, 1, 2, 65-7, 79, 80, 179, 183,
184, 189, 230, 238, 251-3, 255, 260,
268, 269, 277, 282, 285, 304; early
incapacity/or verse, 1, 11, 26, 32 ; his
anonymity, 1, 55, 61, 64, 65 n. , 66,
76. 77. 79. 8o. 9? . 9i, 94. 1? 7. 149.
167, 181, 185, 223, 246, 256, 270;
birth, 2, 3; relations with father, 2,
4-6, 10, 18, 20, 21, 45-9, 77, 81, 82,
no, 170, 175, 177, 182, 208, 249,
250; his mother, 2-5, 47, 49, 106,
1n; childhood, 3-7, 105-7; cdt of
Napoleon, 3, 30, 225, 226, 300;
character, 4, 8, 9, 12, 13, 15, 17, 20,
26-8, 30, 32, 40, 50, 69, 76, 88, 89,
106, 1n, 112, 136, 138, 170, 171,
178, 183, 221, 222, 224, 234, 250,
254; his devotion to his country, 5-8,
15, 19-21, 24, 26, 28, 31, 32, 39-41,
45-9. 53-5. 57-65. 69n. , 72, 74, 78,
80, 82, 140, 161, 172, 176, 180, 181,
183, 187, 194, 200, 229, 238, 246,
253, 265-8, 272, 277, 282, 285, 304,
310; contrast with Mickiewicz, 5,
33. 253, 282, 283; early Polish
writings, 7, 10, 11, 17, 25, 34; life
at school, 7,8; influenced by Scott, 7,
9, II, 17; friendship with Gaszynski,
8, 12, 16, 75, 77, 80,91, 137n. , 248,
289; letters to Gaszynski, 8, 19, 27,
65n-. 75-8o, 86, 89-91, 137, 149,
167-70, 174, 176, 194^, 209, 219,
248, 266, 276 n. , 289; his blindness,
8, 48, 54. 74"83, 87, 89, 92, 107,
1n, 112 n. , 171, 289, 310; life as
University student, 8-10, 12; love for
Amelia Zatuska, 9, 10, 81, 135;
letters to Reeve, 10, 16n. , 18, 22,
23, 27-32, 35-44. 49. 5! -63. 64n. ,
6567-74. 69 n. , 75 n. , 79-88,
89 n. , 91, 96, no, 135-7. 139. r4? .
150, 169, 175, 179, 182; on Konrad
Wallenrod, 11; struggle with hatred,
n, 70-2, 84, 140, 167, 196; in-
fluenced by Byron, 11, 26, 28, 34,
43. 55. 18? . 190. 274; letters to
father, n, 12, 19-21, 26, 33. 45-8.
59, 60, 72, 73, 75, 135, 170, 176,
177, 181; episode in University, 15-
17, 70,75,88, 221 n. , 292; friendship
with Danielewicz, 16,88-91, 140, 170,
183, 208, 209, 219-22, 221 n. , 289,
290, 292 ; removed from University,
17 ; last days in Poland, id. ; leaves
Poland, 17-19; life at Geneva, 19-32;
? ? friendship with Reeve, 20, 22, 23
Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? Index
319
audience with Nicholas I, 86, 87,
187; journey from Petersburg, 87,
88; stay in Vienna, 88-91; journey
to Rome with Danielewicz, 91; his
conception of poetry, 95-7 ; 96 n. ; his
portrayal of women, 99, 152; his
artistic restraint, 104, 144, 145; as a
husband, 106, 249-51, 287 and n. ,
288, 307; love the root of his system,
116, 158, 166, 261, 279, 302; letters
to Cieszkowski, 13411, 198, 209,
220, 223, 248, 249, 287 n. , 288, 310;
winter 1833-4 in Rome, 135, 136;
love for Mme Bobrowa, [35-40,
150, 170, 174-9. 182, 183, 193, 194,
297; friendship withSoitan, 137, 138,
171, 207, 310; friendship with
Siowacki, 172, 278; temporary loss
of inspiration, 172, 180; writes book
of prayers for Mme Bobrowa, 172,
173; his first poems, 174, 175; his
spiritual resurrection, 174, 193-5,
197, 207, 209, 222-5, 230, 231, 245,
256, 280; return in 1838 to Poland,
176, 177; letters to Adam Potocki,
178, 179, 19411. ; leaves Poland, 179;
influenced by Jean Paul, 180,181,184;
letters to Stowacki, 183, 207; letters
toDelphina Potocka, 193, 194 and n. ,
195, 206, n. 221 and 222, 247, 268;
friendship with Cieszkowski, 197,
248; influenced by Cieszkowski, 197,
198, 206, 210; influenced by Hegel,
199, 210; by Schelling, 206, 210; on
the three epochs, 206, 210-6; his
marriage, 208, 222, 223, 247, 271;
winter of 1841-2 in Munich, 208,
209; letters to Matachowski, 209,
265, 266; on transition, 211-4, 216,
295; on the Christianization of
political relations, 212-5, 216, 227-9,
245, 302; his historical mysticism,
215, 216, 224-7; his theory on iden-
tification of individual with national
mysticism, 218, 230, 257, 281;
effect of Danielewicz's death on, 219,
220, 221 n. , 222, 223; finishes Dawn
at Nice, 223; friendship with Mata-
chowski, 223; sojourn in Poland after
marriage, 249-52, 254; attitude to
revolution, 254, 255, 286; clear
political vision, 254, 300 n. , 311;
effect of Galician massacres on, 265,
266, 268, 276, 277; on annexation of
Cracow, 207; letters to Trentowski,
267-9! letters to Kozmian, 267, 268,
288, 305 n. , 310, 311; friendship with
Kozmian, 267,268,310; attack of Sto-
wacki on, 277-9, 3? 3 , 27" n. , appeals
to Montalembert, Lamartine and Pius
IX, 286; as a father, 287, 288; his
domestic circle, 288, 289; last years,
306-12; poems to wife, 306-9;
appeals to Grand Duchess of Baden
and Napoleon III, 311; his last
verses, 312 ; effect of father's death
on, 3I3, attempts to write his father's
? ? biography, id. ; death, id. ; moral
Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? 320
Index
Paskiewicz, 65 n.
Pius IX, Krasinski's appeal to, 286
Plater, Cezary, 221 n.
Potocka, Delphina, Krasinski's love
for, 24, 192-7, 206, 208, 220-3, 229-
32,247, 250, 264, 271-4, 289-91, 294,
296, 297, 307; Krasinski's poems to,
24, 174, 194-6, 208, 250,306, 307;
her history, 192; Chopin's devotion
to, 192, 229; Krasinski's letters to,
193, 194 and n. , 195, 206, n. 221 and
222, 247, 268; in Dream of Cesara,
200-3 , m Fryburg, 220-2 ; inspires
Dawn, 223, 229; in Dawn, 229-33,
235, 238-46; in To-Day, 271-4;
connection with the Unfinished Poem,
289, 290; in the Unfinished Poem,
291, 294, 296, 297
Potocki, Adam, Temptation written for,
87, 178, 184; Krasinski's letters to,
178, 179, 194 n.
Psalms of the Future, 65 n. , 78, 133,
196, 210, 230, 253, 258, 260, 277,
296, 303
Psalm of Faith, 254-8, and see Psalms
of the Future
Psalm of Hope, 252, 254-6, 258-60, and
see Psalms of the Fu ture
Psalm of Love, 254-6, 260-4, 27? . 277_
9, 303, and see Psalms of the Future
Psalm of Grief, 277-80, 302, and see
Psalms of the Future
Psalm of Good Will, 270, 277, 279-85,
and see Psalms of the Future
Reeve, Henry, Krasinski's letters to,
10, 16n. , 18, 22, 23, 27-32, 35-44,
49, 5I-63, 64 n. , 65 n. , 67-74, 69^,
75n. , 79-88, 89^. , 91, 96, no, 135-7,
139, 140, 150, 169, 175, 179, 182;
18; Krasinski's friendship with, 20,
22, 23 and n. , 24, 26, 30-2, 35, 41-4,
5? -3, 55. 56, 58, 59, 6*, 69 n. , 75,
79 and n. , 80, 91, I37n. , 170; in
Adam le Fou, 55; 64 n. ; on Kra-
sinski's return to Poland, 74; no
Resurrecturis, 94, 133, 230, 268, 269,
304, 305 and n. , 306, 312
Rossi, 21
Saint-Martin, 239
Sand, George, 256
Sanguszko, Roman, 274
Sautter, Constance, 23, 29, 32, 56
SchellingjinfluenceonKrasinski, 206,21 o
Scott, Walter, influence on Krasinski,
7, 9. '7
Shakspeare, 26
Shelley, 28
Sieroczynski, 288 and n.
Skrzynecki, 53
Siowacki, Juliusz, 1, 11 ; his life and
work, 172; friendship with Kra-
sinski, 172, 278; Krasinski's letters
to, 183, 207; his national mysticism,
253; his attack on the Psalm of Love,
277-9,303; 2780. ; 290; in the Un-
finished Poem, 303
Sobieski, 287 and n.
? ? Sottan, Adam, Krasinski's letters to,
Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? flTlQ2Qfl3DM5
b89102083045a
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:09 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/wu. 89102083045 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust.
