-
Ammonlum
Series,
Miss H.
Miss H.
Athenaeum - London - 1912a
Australia.
By it an exchange operated between theories-perhaps the second was the most
Fields on 'Theory of the Algebraic Functions. ' New Zealand and South America, though in the probable. The papers were followed by a discus-
subsequent phase the gifts of Patagonia to
sion, in which the following gentlemen took part :
Tasmania were not reciprocated. A discussion
Mr. A. Smith, Mr. G. Dickins, Prof. W. C. F. "
SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES. -—June 0. —The follow- ensued in which the following took part : Dr. Anderson, and Sir F. Pollock.
ing were elected Fellows : Capt. C. Lindsay, and 0. Stapf, Dr. G. B. Longstaff, Mr. C. Reid,
Messrs. G. H. Duckworth, v. T. Hodgson, J. M. Mr. T. A. Sprague, Prof. c. Chilton, Dr. Marie
Kendall, W. H. Quarrell, A. Stratton, G. H. M.
Stopes, and Dr. A. S. Woodward, the author
Sumner, and E. Trustram.
MEETINGS NEXT WEEK.
briefly replying. Mr. R. Vallentin showed a series
of slides from photographs taken by himself Tues. Horticultural, 8. -'Prof. J. 8. Henslow as Ecologist,' Rev.
ZOOLOGICAL. -June 4. -E. G. B. Meade-Waldo,
during a recent visit to the Falkland Islands,
Prof. G. Henslow.
Statistical, 8. -The Measurement of Employment-an Expor
V. -P. , in the chair. -Mr. E. G. Boulenger exhibited
extending over many months. He divided them
ment,' Mr. A. L. Bowloy.
a clay-ball containing a cocoon of the African
into views of the scenery, the native plants, and WED. Meteorological, 4. 30. -The Adoption of a Climatological Day,
lung-fish (Protopterus annectens), presented to
the fauna, alluding to the changes in progress and
Mr. W. W. Bryant; 'A Three-Year Period in Rainfall
Mr. A. P. Jepkin.
the Society by Capt. J. A. M. Vipan. He briefly
the loss of endemnic types.
Folk-lore, 8. - The Sociological significance of Myths,' Dr.
W. H. Rivers.
alluded to the habits of the fish and the formation
Geological, 8.
of the cocoon, and gave an account of the method
Microscopical, 8. -'Notes on Pollen,' The Right Hon. Lord
ARISTOTELIAN. June 1. -Hon.
to be employed in order to release the fish.
Bertrand
Avebury;
Demonstration of a Method of Obtaining Prozen
Sections after Embedding in Gelatio,' Dr. J. F. Gaskell;
Mr. E. G. B. Meade-Waldo introduced a discus-
Russell, President, in the chair. -A symposium
On some New Astrophixida and their Structure,' Mosers.
Heron-Allen and A. Earland.
sion on the Preservation of our Native Fauna, in
Purpose and Mechanism,' was carried on
Thurs. Royal, 4. 30. - An Investigation into the Life - History
of Cladothrix dichotoma' (Cohn) Dr. D. Ellis ; The Relatiou
which Mr. A. Heneage Cocks, Dr. F. G. Dawtrey by Prof. W. R. Sorley, Mr. A. D. Lindsay, and
Drewitt, and Mr. Stewart Blakeney (who sent a
Dr. Bernard Bosanquet. Sir F. Pollock, Prof.
of Secretory and Capillary Pressurs: 1. The Salivary
Hecretion Mesars. L. Hill and M. Flack; 'The Origin and
written contribution) joined. The necessity of
Granger, Mr. G. E. Moore, and others spoke in
Destiny of Cholesterol in the Aplinkl Organism : Part IX.
On
creating public opinion on the matter was urged.
the discussion.
the Cholesterol Content of the Tissues other than Liver of
Rabbits under Various Diots and during Inanition,'
Messrs.
It was agreed that the laws with regard to birds June 3. -Prof. G. D. Hicks, V. -P. , in the
G. W. Ellis and J. A. Gardner; 'A Note on the Protozon
were sufficient, if administered strictly. With chair. -Mr. W. E. Tanner read a paper on
from Sick Boils, with some Account of the Lite-Cycle of &
Flagellate Mopad,' Mr. C. 8. Martin; and other Papers
regard to mammals, it was the opinion of those · Significance and Validity in Logic. If the
Historical, 5. -The Parish Clergy of the Thirteenth and
present that the use of steel traps instead of correspondence, or parallelism, between the
Fourteenth centuries,' Mr. H. G. Richardson (Alexander
Prize Eseny).
snares for catching rabbits was chiefly responsible three aspects of the subject-matter of logic
Linnean, 8. - Les Egorthoptères des Seychelles,' Señor I.
for the extermination of wild cats, martens, and (language, thought, and things) were recognized
Bolivar; Diptera: Loncheidæ, &c. , of the Seychelles, Mr.
C. G. Lamb; The Coleoptera of the Seychelles,' Mr. H.
polecata in many parts of the country, and ought as fundamental, it might be used as a determining
Scott; 'Terrestrial Isopoda, particularly considered in rela-
to be suppressed.
principle in deciding logical problems. . . With
tion to the Distribution of the Southern Indo-Pacific Species,
Mr. R. Lydekker communicated a short paper
the late Dr. G. Budde-Land; and other Papers.
regard to terms, this view implies recognition of
Chemical, 8. 30. - The Formation of Neon as A Product of
describing a new local race of giraffe from the two degrees of significance, and gives a special
Radioactive Change. ' Bir W. Ramsay; The Colour Intensity
Petauke district of North-East Rhodesia.
Nitrites of the
of Copper Salte, Mr. 8, U, Pickering:
meaning to the word " objective. " In the case
Mercurialkyl- and Mercurialkylary!
- Ammonlum Series,
Miss H. L. M. Pixell read a memoir entitled of propositions, it yields a view of their import,
Part I. , Messte, P. O. Ray, N. Dhar, and T. De: An
• Polychaeta from the Pacific Coast of North which includes fuli existential implication the
Analysis of the Waters of the Thermal Springs of Bath,
Mr. L Masson and Sir W. Ramsay; and other Papers.
America : Part I. ' ; and Mr. R. I. Pocock on antler'existence, in the sense referred to, of their subjects · Society of Antiquaries, 8. 30.
11
6
on
## p. 685 (#515) ############################################
No. 4416, JUNE 15, 1912
THE ATHENAUM .
685
use
or
Science Gossip.
effect on living matter, fluorine, which has
been compared from the violence of its
M. RAOUL BAYEUX has lately made several reactions to the alkahest or universal solvent
scientific expeditions to the Alps at the of the alchemists being likely to be especially
effective in this respect.
FINE ARTS
expense of the French Government for the
purpose, among other things, of investiga- THE officers of the British Ordnance
ting the causes of mountain sickness, a Survey have in progress a work designed to
modification of which is known to seriously test the accuracy of the Principal Triangula-
affect aviators. By experiments made with | tion of the United Kingdom, which was
done about the year 1835, as compared with Fra Angelico. By Alfred Pichon. (Paris,
demonstrated that the disease in question is that of modern triangulation, instruments
Plon-Nourrit. )
due to the reduction of the oxyhæmoglobine and methods having been much improved
in the blood, and that it can be relieved since the earlier date. An account of a
This is an admirable study from every
by sub-cutaneous injections of oxygen. first stage in this work has been published point of view. M. Pichon, while explaining
The dose is, however, very small and has to by Colonel Close, the present Director. the life of Fra Angelico in a clear, succinct
be carefully applied. In a communication General of the Survey, in Professional
lately made by him to the Académie des Papers, New Series, No. 1, this being the carefully studied documents, supplies more
manner, and basing his dates and facts on
Sciences, M. Bayeux exhibited autochro- history and details of the measurement of than a mere historical study. The book
matic photographs of glass bulbs containing a geodetic base-line 23,526 ft. long at Lossie-
the arterial blood of rabbits at a high mouth on the shore of the Moray Firth.
is free from the weight of erudition and
altitude before and after the hypodermic The modern method of measuring a base abstraction, and approaches Fra Angelico
injection. Those taken before injection line is by the use of tapes of considerable with sympathy and insight. The story
were nearly black in colour, while the length, those used on this occasion being is told with charm, and especially good
photographs taken after were bright crimson. 100 ft. and 300 ft. long, made of the metal are the descriptions of the pictures, them-
They are reproduced in the current number invar, an alloy, of nickel and iron, which selves ablaze with colour.
of the Comptes Rendus of the Académie was found rather more than ten years
and form the first instance of coloured ago to vary in length little, if at all, Writers dealing with the early primitives
illustrations in that publication.
with temperature; the use of thermometers have for the most part envisaged them
MR. C. H. Ross has just published another or compensation measuring bars, which rather on their spiritual than their technical
nstalment of the researches into induced formed a necessary part of the equipment for side, and it is for this reason that it is
cell-reproduction and cancer, which he is the older surveys, being thereby avoided.
making at the Lister Institute with the These metallic tapes are used by suspending possible to extend a welcome to the
assistance of Mr. J. W. Cropper and Mr. them in catenary from tripods under tension, sympathetic and discerning study of
E. H. Ross. Besides giving
further the same tension being applied when they M. Alfred Pichon. He explains quite
instances of the experimental of are in use in the field as when they were justly that it is impossible to separate
auxetics” substances causing cell being, standardized. It is found that, the inspiration and technique of the
division and augmentors," or those which though invar is little affected by temperature, artist without endangering the harmony
increase the action of the auxetics, Mr. it undergoes molecular change in course of of our conception. Fra Angelico, among
Ross here goes at length into the question time, and these tapes are subjected to a
the early masters, lends himself most
of the epitheliomatons, cancers and other process of baking at high temperature before
affections produced in the skin of workers use, for the purpose of artificially ageing easily to miscomprehension. The purity
with pitch and tar, especially in the case them, but the whole of the molecular change and candour of his presentation, his
of gas works. These are particularly can only be eliminated by time.
lofty inspiration, have tended to obscure
prevalent with the makers of briquettes
or patent fuel, and are due, in his opinion, concomitant characteristics of stars has technical evolution of early painting.
A CONSIDERATION of the spectra and the important place he occupies in the
to the presence of auxetics in the soot with led Prof. H. N. Russell of Princeton, N. J. , M. Pichon takes a moderate point of view,
which the pitch used is contaminated. He to conclude that there exists, with few and shows simultaneously Fra Angelico
gives several remedies which have been exceptions, a very marked relation between captivated by new-found beauty in the
suggested, among which the introduction the actual brightness of a star and the youth of the Renaissance, carrying on the
of a new form of retort for the distillation class of spectrum which it exhibits. Stars traditions of Giotto, and giving pure and
of coal seems the most practicable.
resembling Sirius in their spectra are, on
MM. CH. FABRY AND H. BUISSON have the average, about fifty times as bright as
radiant expression to the inspired and
communicated to the Académie des Sciences the sun; those like Procyon about five times saintly emotions, which by their candour,
the result of some interesting investigations as bright as the sun; those with spectra like their simplicity, and penetrating charm
into the spectrum of hydrogen. Hydrogen, the sun's are nearly equal to the sun in bright- are unique in the history of art. That
as is well known, has a double spectrum, or ness; whilst the orange stars are on the pristine happiness and freshness which
rather gives two spectra, that produced by average only one-sixth as bright, and the red never deserted the early masters, and
it at an extremely low temperature having are usually less than one-fiftieth as bright that perfection of soul which was his
different lines from the other. The object as
of MM. Fabry and Buisson's experiments suggests that the stars of the brighter class alone enabled Fra Angelico to march
was to ascertain if the particles emitting do not greatly exceed those of the fainter steadily forward in search of new forms
the light were in either case greater or less class in mass, and hence they are either of beauty and truth.
than the hydrogen atom ; but by a delicate much less dense or much brighter per unit
and ingenious system of measurement they of surface, or both. . An arrangement of all
It is a picture of infinite grace that M.
found that this was not so. Both spectra the stars in order of increasing density would Pichon gives of Fra Angelico in his old
are shown to be caused by particles bearing begin with the bright red stars of the type age laying upon the walls of the Vatican
the exact mass of the atom of hydrogen, of Antares, run up the series of stars of great his exquisite harmony of colours. Gone
and it is therefore evident that the doubling brightness, and then down the series of was his early exuberance, and gone, too,
of the spectrum must be due to some other fainter stars, past those like the sun, to the the gravity and calm of San Marco ;
cause than atomic decomposition.
faintest and reddest stars. Prof. Russell in its place had come that final, triumphant
MM. ARMAND GAUTIER AND PAUL CLAUS-
considers it probable that this arrangement manner, where the rich colour has the
MANN have lately made great improvements represents the evolutionary history of a
in the method of detecting minute traces of star, which at first becomes heated more and subtlety of a rare perfume. In the clear
fluorine in organic substances, as to which
more by its own contraction, and finally, harmony dominate the gold and blue he
there has hitherto been some difficulty.
as it becomes too dense to admit of further loved so well, mingling with the bright
Applying this method to the animal organ shrinkage, cools off like a solid body. red and orange of the robes. This final
ism, they have found it not only in the TO-MORROW an important tournament history of sacerdotal life from ordination
bones and teeth of man, where it was pre- for aviators begins at Angers. The thirty- | to the grave, the gate of a new world,
viously known to exist, but also in the brain four competitors will include M. Védrines, was the history of his own life. The
of the dog and in the blood of bulls. Coupled whom we congratulate on his recovery from divine song exhaled by the walls, is in
with this may be taken the discovery by his serious accident, and Mr. Hamel, who
MM. Gabriel Bertrand and F. Medigreceanu recently made a graceful descent before theme of remembrance, youth dreaming
a way the supreme confidence—the eternal
of the presence of manganese in nearly King George at Ranelagh. Aviation has
every animal organ, the tissues of birds undoubtedly made advances, but it is still beside the threshold of the tomb Fra
being particularly rich in it. It is suggested questionable how far it can be made of Angelico with his glowing hopes, his
that both those minerals have a catalytic practical use in war maneuvres.
saintly loves, his young ecstacies.
## p. 686 (#516) ############################################
686
No. 4416, JUNE 15, 1912
THE ATHENÆUM
as
Watteau (204-9), enriching an already
CARFAX GALLERY.
BRITISH MUSEUM EXHIBITION OF rich collection; one particularly charming
DRAWINGS.
Claude (195); and, among modern drawings, Miss ETHEL SANDS and Miss A. H. Hudson
some by Delacroix (220–7), Millet (243—50),
THIS exhibition constitutes a highly and Rodin (253–5). The Salting Bequest, former showing more variety of colour
aro painters of some accomplishment, the
croditablo record of the activity of Sir Sidney which is represented here by eighty-nine scheme and more initiative in her choice
Colvin and his colleagues during the last drawings, would be remarkable
if only for the of subject, the latter being, on the whole,
eight years. As is pointed out in the preface Rembrandts (154-68). The British school the sounder painter, and producing in No. 31,
to tho Catalogue, the policy of the depart: is so fully annotated in the Catalogue as to The Herald& College ; No. 42, The White
ment does not aim at a collection exclusively need no fuller notice, but, among the Door, Smith Square ; and less perfectly in
composed of masterpieces, but at one which work of living artists, perhaps the perfect No. 18, Barton Street, Westminster, or 30,
shall be fully representative. Drawings scholarship of Mr. Strang's Portrait of Sergiras The Old Tree, Smith's Square, work which
boing pre-eminently compact properties for Stepniak (547) calls for special commenda- is honest, competent, and attractive. It is,
stowing away in small compass, we cannot
tion.
however, dulled
doubt that this is the right ideal on which
a little, by tho rather
to form a national collection. The device
monotonous short-chopped brush stroke
of enriching the Museum by inviting gifts
which is her defence against ovor-emphasis
SCOTTISH ART AND HISTORY.
of detail, but sometimes leads her to define
from living artists has been used on the
whole with so much discretion that, at first At the Summer Exhibition at the White- detail down to a scale slightly below ito
sight, it may sound pedantic to quarrel chapel Art Gallery the most romarkable
limit of efficiency:
Miss Sands is inclined to discard the pro-
with it as a matter of principle. Yet it is exhibit is the early Wilkie, The Village
a doubtful system which involves endless Recruit (6), which shows the artist's natural tection afforded by the habit of an impartial
possibilities of abuse if there should ever be gifts to have been even greater than is uncharacteristic stroke, and, when sho deals
a break in the succession of discreet curators, usually supposed. The technique is exqui- with a subject which invites it (Venetion
and the fact that at present it works well site-one figure, indeed, boing worthy of Interiors, 9 and 13) will match tho caligraphic
does not entirely allay our misgivings. Chardin at his best. In others the typically flourish of a boldly designed wallpaper with
& like quality in its painted counterpart.
The most important group of drawings / Scottish mastery of the easier tricks of pic. She does it cleverly as far as handiwork goes,
numerically in the show is that from the
torial effectiveness becomes more obtrusive.
impetuous brush of Tintoretto (12-68), Among the living painters exhibiting, Mr. and we quite agree that this element in
as to the uniform merits of which we are
William Wells in A Lancashire Village (62), painting is not in its essenco illegitimate or
not quito in accord with Sir Sidney Colvin. suffers least, though still handicapped by superficial, as certain doctrinaire teaching
would maintain. It implies merely a frank
A few such as Nos. 36, 38, 41, and 42 in the this fatal facility.
St. Antony Series, the Mary Magdalene in
The works of Dyce (30) and McTaggart (44 acceptance of the structural basis of painting
8 process done with a brush, the
Penitence (31), or the Diana and Actæon (54), D. Y. Cameron (79), S. J. Peploe (116), and intrinsic beauty of which is largely dependent
number which seom to us intrinsically hardly George Houston (75), also contribute largely on the perfection with which the brush stroko
worth preserving. Yet they may serve as
to the interest of the show. No. 35, An Åras is controlled and modulated. It is neces-
evidence that an inventive designer whom Interior, is an undesirable work as repro- sary, however, that this element of execution
We think of as having great powers of sentative of the art of the late Arthur should itself be closely related to the design
as a whole, and not introduced sporadically
Melville. An uncatalogued sketch for a
abstract conception may be unsystematic
in his manner of approaching an idea, composition of horsemen and a floating where it happens to serve for the realistic
and dependent on the sight of a large figure (by David Scott ? ) is a work of con representation of some object in the picture.
Used in the latter sense, it is apt to lead to
number of haphazard sketches to furnish, siderable power, evoking souvenirs at once
just the faults which one can imagine Miss
as it were, by accident the suggestion of Blake and Tintoretto.
Hudson's professor predicting. Individual
structural basis for composi-
objects are vividly displayed at the expense
tion. The series does demonstrate, how-
of their spacial relations to other objecte
ever, that in whatever medium Tintoretto
painted his great canvases (and it is exces-
in the picture. A lack of plastic sense is
GOUPIL GALLERY SUMMER EXHIBI.
TION.
sively diffioult often to distinguish between
probably at the bottom of this fault, and the
comparatively feeble figure-drawing shown
oil and varnished tempera), it was from his At this exhibition the Diana (53), by corroborates the suspicion.
practice in the technique of the latter, with Matthew Maris and Bellanger, looks already
its possibility of swiftly imposing a second
a somewhat “ retrospective exhibit when
movement of brush strokes upon a first shown between two flower-pieces by Mr.
already dry, that he gained his power of Nicholson (52 and 54).
SALE.
conceiving a colour scheme, not
To the exaggerated sensibility of yesterday
single-skinned, fat arrangement of tints, succeeds by a natural reaction to-day's
On Friday, June 7th, Messrs. Sotheby sold war
but as a thing foreseen from the first as
inherent in the structural sequence of pro-
taste for businesslike capacity at all costs-medals, including two Victoria Crosses :
cesses which make up the “ conduct” of a
a capacity which, in such comparison, looks granted to Sergeant Patrick Mullano during the
last Afghan War in 1880 ; the other to Bom-
a little obvious and brutal. Mr. Orpen’s bardier Jacob Thomas during the Siege of Luck-
picture. Probably not few of these By the Window (74) is painted in finer and now, 1857. They rcalized 561. and 681. respectively.
studies were made, not to settle the forms
and colours of the resultant design, but has cared for, but, accomplished as it is,
more mysterious pigment than Mr. Nicholson
rather the means of technical approach of falls short of our recollection of a similar
the picture—the order in which its different picture shown in the same gallery four or
elements were to be introduced. It is five years back, and noticed at length in
Fine Art Gossip.
for this purpose pre-eminently that we these columns. M. Vollon's still life (65),
should like to see tempera painting revived however, with its crudely sensational alter- At the Dowdeswell Galleries we find it
to-day.
nations of too solid fruit and china and impossible to admire from any point of view
This collection would thus be more in rankly transparent tablecloth, makes us Mr. J. Hemming Fry's rendering of Feminine
place in some gallery which dealt specially appreciate the consistency and well-con- Themes from Classic Myths. The exhibition
with the art of painting than does the Print trolled modulation of Mr. Nicholson's pic. of Rubens's sketches, however, is enriched
Room of the British Museum, into which it tures. With the Englishman the placing of by two additional designs for ceiling panels,
introduces a novel element. The other the objects is steadily assured ; with the one of which is a masterpiece of easily varied
exhibits contribute to the more ample illus- Frenchman they float in, rather than stand structural brush work in a blonde scheme of
tration of aspects of Art already represented upon the table. Ribot's large group in the colour.
in the collection, and we can only mention same genre (73) succeeds by an intense
some of the more important. Notable among devotion to material reality, but it is less
OWING to its continued success, the
Italian exhibits the Mantegnesque broadly seen than are Mr. Nicholson's school military works by Lady Butler, will remain
exhibition of The Roll Call,' and other
Design for a Fountain (8); the sparkling demonstrations. Mr. Walter Russell is re-
drawings by Canale (78-83), which show presented by an opalescent Beach at Little open until June 22nd, when it will be
him at his extremo of cleverness, but at less hampton (79), like a Boudin of the best succeeded by a show of rare English
than his usual dignity; and the extra- period. Mr. Augustus John has two pleasant reference to the art of Thomas Girtin (1775
drawings and water-colours, with special
ordinary designs for operatic scenes by studies of colour relations (60 and 68); and
Guiseppe Galli, in which the copious detail among works by deceased painters the
1802).
is informed by so exuberant and structural fine Foster's Old Mill, Cambridge (47), and THE Twenty-Second Annual Southwark
a fanoy that it hardly seems frivolous. The a good water-colour by Aumonier, The Wind and Lambeth Free Loan Picture Exhibition
French drawings include fine examples of mill, Steyning (32), are notable.
will be opened at the Borough Polytechnie,
of
&
as
a
one
å
are
## p. 687 (#517) ############################################
No. 4416, JUNE 15, 1912
THE ATHENÆUM
687
on
PERPORMANCES NEXT WEEK.
Sun.
National Sunday League, 7. Quoon's Hall.
Mon. -SAT. Royal Open, Covent Garuon.
Mon. -SAT.
Fields on 'Theory of the Algebraic Functions. ' New Zealand and South America, though in the probable. The papers were followed by a discus-
subsequent phase the gifts of Patagonia to
sion, in which the following gentlemen took part :
Tasmania were not reciprocated. A discussion
Mr. A. Smith, Mr. G. Dickins, Prof. W. C. F. "
SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES. -—June 0. —The follow- ensued in which the following took part : Dr. Anderson, and Sir F. Pollock.
ing were elected Fellows : Capt. C. Lindsay, and 0. Stapf, Dr. G. B. Longstaff, Mr. C. Reid,
Messrs. G. H. Duckworth, v. T. Hodgson, J. M. Mr. T. A. Sprague, Prof. c. Chilton, Dr. Marie
Kendall, W. H. Quarrell, A. Stratton, G. H. M.
Stopes, and Dr. A. S. Woodward, the author
Sumner, and E. Trustram.
MEETINGS NEXT WEEK.
briefly replying. Mr. R. Vallentin showed a series
of slides from photographs taken by himself Tues. Horticultural, 8. -'Prof. J. 8. Henslow as Ecologist,' Rev.
ZOOLOGICAL. -June 4. -E. G. B. Meade-Waldo,
during a recent visit to the Falkland Islands,
Prof. G. Henslow.
Statistical, 8. -The Measurement of Employment-an Expor
V. -P. , in the chair. -Mr. E. G. Boulenger exhibited
extending over many months. He divided them
ment,' Mr. A. L. Bowloy.
a clay-ball containing a cocoon of the African
into views of the scenery, the native plants, and WED. Meteorological, 4. 30. -The Adoption of a Climatological Day,
lung-fish (Protopterus annectens), presented to
the fauna, alluding to the changes in progress and
Mr. W. W. Bryant; 'A Three-Year Period in Rainfall
Mr. A. P. Jepkin.
the Society by Capt. J. A. M. Vipan. He briefly
the loss of endemnic types.
Folk-lore, 8. - The Sociological significance of Myths,' Dr.
W. H. Rivers.
alluded to the habits of the fish and the formation
Geological, 8.
of the cocoon, and gave an account of the method
Microscopical, 8. -'Notes on Pollen,' The Right Hon. Lord
ARISTOTELIAN. June 1. -Hon.
to be employed in order to release the fish.
Bertrand
Avebury;
Demonstration of a Method of Obtaining Prozen
Sections after Embedding in Gelatio,' Dr. J. F. Gaskell;
Mr. E. G. B. Meade-Waldo introduced a discus-
Russell, President, in the chair. -A symposium
On some New Astrophixida and their Structure,' Mosers.
Heron-Allen and A. Earland.
sion on the Preservation of our Native Fauna, in
Purpose and Mechanism,' was carried on
Thurs. Royal, 4. 30. - An Investigation into the Life - History
of Cladothrix dichotoma' (Cohn) Dr. D. Ellis ; The Relatiou
which Mr. A. Heneage Cocks, Dr. F. G. Dawtrey by Prof. W. R. Sorley, Mr. A. D. Lindsay, and
Drewitt, and Mr. Stewart Blakeney (who sent a
Dr. Bernard Bosanquet. Sir F. Pollock, Prof.
of Secretory and Capillary Pressurs: 1. The Salivary
Hecretion Mesars. L. Hill and M. Flack; 'The Origin and
written contribution) joined. The necessity of
Granger, Mr. G. E. Moore, and others spoke in
Destiny of Cholesterol in the Aplinkl Organism : Part IX.
On
creating public opinion on the matter was urged.
the discussion.
the Cholesterol Content of the Tissues other than Liver of
Rabbits under Various Diots and during Inanition,'
Messrs.
It was agreed that the laws with regard to birds June 3. -Prof. G. D. Hicks, V. -P. , in the
G. W. Ellis and J. A. Gardner; 'A Note on the Protozon
were sufficient, if administered strictly. With chair. -Mr. W. E. Tanner read a paper on
from Sick Boils, with some Account of the Lite-Cycle of &
Flagellate Mopad,' Mr. C. 8. Martin; and other Papers
regard to mammals, it was the opinion of those · Significance and Validity in Logic. If the
Historical, 5. -The Parish Clergy of the Thirteenth and
present that the use of steel traps instead of correspondence, or parallelism, between the
Fourteenth centuries,' Mr. H. G. Richardson (Alexander
Prize Eseny).
snares for catching rabbits was chiefly responsible three aspects of the subject-matter of logic
Linnean, 8. - Les Egorthoptères des Seychelles,' Señor I.
for the extermination of wild cats, martens, and (language, thought, and things) were recognized
Bolivar; Diptera: Loncheidæ, &c. , of the Seychelles, Mr.
C. G. Lamb; The Coleoptera of the Seychelles,' Mr. H.
polecata in many parts of the country, and ought as fundamental, it might be used as a determining
Scott; 'Terrestrial Isopoda, particularly considered in rela-
to be suppressed.
principle in deciding logical problems. . . With
tion to the Distribution of the Southern Indo-Pacific Species,
Mr. R. Lydekker communicated a short paper
the late Dr. G. Budde-Land; and other Papers.
regard to terms, this view implies recognition of
Chemical, 8. 30. - The Formation of Neon as A Product of
describing a new local race of giraffe from the two degrees of significance, and gives a special
Radioactive Change. ' Bir W. Ramsay; The Colour Intensity
Petauke district of North-East Rhodesia.
Nitrites of the
of Copper Salte, Mr. 8, U, Pickering:
meaning to the word " objective. " In the case
Mercurialkyl- and Mercurialkylary!
- Ammonlum Series,
Miss H. L. M. Pixell read a memoir entitled of propositions, it yields a view of their import,
Part I. , Messte, P. O. Ray, N. Dhar, and T. De: An
• Polychaeta from the Pacific Coast of North which includes fuli existential implication the
Analysis of the Waters of the Thermal Springs of Bath,
Mr. L Masson and Sir W. Ramsay; and other Papers.
America : Part I. ' ; and Mr. R. I. Pocock on antler'existence, in the sense referred to, of their subjects · Society of Antiquaries, 8. 30.
11
6
on
## p. 685 (#515) ############################################
No. 4416, JUNE 15, 1912
THE ATHENAUM .
685
use
or
Science Gossip.
effect on living matter, fluorine, which has
been compared from the violence of its
M. RAOUL BAYEUX has lately made several reactions to the alkahest or universal solvent
scientific expeditions to the Alps at the of the alchemists being likely to be especially
effective in this respect.
FINE ARTS
expense of the French Government for the
purpose, among other things, of investiga- THE officers of the British Ordnance
ting the causes of mountain sickness, a Survey have in progress a work designed to
modification of which is known to seriously test the accuracy of the Principal Triangula-
affect aviators. By experiments made with | tion of the United Kingdom, which was
done about the year 1835, as compared with Fra Angelico. By Alfred Pichon. (Paris,
demonstrated that the disease in question is that of modern triangulation, instruments
Plon-Nourrit. )
due to the reduction of the oxyhæmoglobine and methods having been much improved
in the blood, and that it can be relieved since the earlier date. An account of a
This is an admirable study from every
by sub-cutaneous injections of oxygen. first stage in this work has been published point of view. M. Pichon, while explaining
The dose is, however, very small and has to by Colonel Close, the present Director. the life of Fra Angelico in a clear, succinct
be carefully applied. In a communication General of the Survey, in Professional
lately made by him to the Académie des Papers, New Series, No. 1, this being the carefully studied documents, supplies more
manner, and basing his dates and facts on
Sciences, M. Bayeux exhibited autochro- history and details of the measurement of than a mere historical study. The book
matic photographs of glass bulbs containing a geodetic base-line 23,526 ft. long at Lossie-
the arterial blood of rabbits at a high mouth on the shore of the Moray Firth.
is free from the weight of erudition and
altitude before and after the hypodermic The modern method of measuring a base abstraction, and approaches Fra Angelico
injection. Those taken before injection line is by the use of tapes of considerable with sympathy and insight. The story
were nearly black in colour, while the length, those used on this occasion being is told with charm, and especially good
photographs taken after were bright crimson. 100 ft. and 300 ft. long, made of the metal are the descriptions of the pictures, them-
They are reproduced in the current number invar, an alloy, of nickel and iron, which selves ablaze with colour.
of the Comptes Rendus of the Académie was found rather more than ten years
and form the first instance of coloured ago to vary in length little, if at all, Writers dealing with the early primitives
illustrations in that publication.
with temperature; the use of thermometers have for the most part envisaged them
MR. C. H. Ross has just published another or compensation measuring bars, which rather on their spiritual than their technical
nstalment of the researches into induced formed a necessary part of the equipment for side, and it is for this reason that it is
cell-reproduction and cancer, which he is the older surveys, being thereby avoided.
making at the Lister Institute with the These metallic tapes are used by suspending possible to extend a welcome to the
assistance of Mr. J. W. Cropper and Mr. them in catenary from tripods under tension, sympathetic and discerning study of
E. H. Ross. Besides giving
further the same tension being applied when they M. Alfred Pichon. He explains quite
instances of the experimental of are in use in the field as when they were justly that it is impossible to separate
auxetics” substances causing cell being, standardized. It is found that, the inspiration and technique of the
division and augmentors," or those which though invar is little affected by temperature, artist without endangering the harmony
increase the action of the auxetics, Mr. it undergoes molecular change in course of of our conception. Fra Angelico, among
Ross here goes at length into the question time, and these tapes are subjected to a
the early masters, lends himself most
of the epitheliomatons, cancers and other process of baking at high temperature before
affections produced in the skin of workers use, for the purpose of artificially ageing easily to miscomprehension. The purity
with pitch and tar, especially in the case them, but the whole of the molecular change and candour of his presentation, his
of gas works. These are particularly can only be eliminated by time.
lofty inspiration, have tended to obscure
prevalent with the makers of briquettes
or patent fuel, and are due, in his opinion, concomitant characteristics of stars has technical evolution of early painting.
A CONSIDERATION of the spectra and the important place he occupies in the
to the presence of auxetics in the soot with led Prof. H. N. Russell of Princeton, N. J. , M. Pichon takes a moderate point of view,
which the pitch used is contaminated. He to conclude that there exists, with few and shows simultaneously Fra Angelico
gives several remedies which have been exceptions, a very marked relation between captivated by new-found beauty in the
suggested, among which the introduction the actual brightness of a star and the youth of the Renaissance, carrying on the
of a new form of retort for the distillation class of spectrum which it exhibits. Stars traditions of Giotto, and giving pure and
of coal seems the most practicable.
resembling Sirius in their spectra are, on
MM. CH. FABRY AND H. BUISSON have the average, about fifty times as bright as
radiant expression to the inspired and
communicated to the Académie des Sciences the sun; those like Procyon about five times saintly emotions, which by their candour,
the result of some interesting investigations as bright as the sun; those with spectra like their simplicity, and penetrating charm
into the spectrum of hydrogen. Hydrogen, the sun's are nearly equal to the sun in bright- are unique in the history of art. That
as is well known, has a double spectrum, or ness; whilst the orange stars are on the pristine happiness and freshness which
rather gives two spectra, that produced by average only one-sixth as bright, and the red never deserted the early masters, and
it at an extremely low temperature having are usually less than one-fiftieth as bright that perfection of soul which was his
different lines from the other. The object as
of MM. Fabry and Buisson's experiments suggests that the stars of the brighter class alone enabled Fra Angelico to march
was to ascertain if the particles emitting do not greatly exceed those of the fainter steadily forward in search of new forms
the light were in either case greater or less class in mass, and hence they are either of beauty and truth.
than the hydrogen atom ; but by a delicate much less dense or much brighter per unit
and ingenious system of measurement they of surface, or both. . An arrangement of all
It is a picture of infinite grace that M.
found that this was not so. Both spectra the stars in order of increasing density would Pichon gives of Fra Angelico in his old
are shown to be caused by particles bearing begin with the bright red stars of the type age laying upon the walls of the Vatican
the exact mass of the atom of hydrogen, of Antares, run up the series of stars of great his exquisite harmony of colours. Gone
and it is therefore evident that the doubling brightness, and then down the series of was his early exuberance, and gone, too,
of the spectrum must be due to some other fainter stars, past those like the sun, to the the gravity and calm of San Marco ;
cause than atomic decomposition.
faintest and reddest stars. Prof. Russell in its place had come that final, triumphant
MM. ARMAND GAUTIER AND PAUL CLAUS-
considers it probable that this arrangement manner, where the rich colour has the
MANN have lately made great improvements represents the evolutionary history of a
in the method of detecting minute traces of star, which at first becomes heated more and subtlety of a rare perfume. In the clear
fluorine in organic substances, as to which
more by its own contraction, and finally, harmony dominate the gold and blue he
there has hitherto been some difficulty.
as it becomes too dense to admit of further loved so well, mingling with the bright
Applying this method to the animal organ shrinkage, cools off like a solid body. red and orange of the robes. This final
ism, they have found it not only in the TO-MORROW an important tournament history of sacerdotal life from ordination
bones and teeth of man, where it was pre- for aviators begins at Angers. The thirty- | to the grave, the gate of a new world,
viously known to exist, but also in the brain four competitors will include M. Védrines, was the history of his own life. The
of the dog and in the blood of bulls. Coupled whom we congratulate on his recovery from divine song exhaled by the walls, is in
with this may be taken the discovery by his serious accident, and Mr. Hamel, who
MM. Gabriel Bertrand and F. Medigreceanu recently made a graceful descent before theme of remembrance, youth dreaming
a way the supreme confidence—the eternal
of the presence of manganese in nearly King George at Ranelagh. Aviation has
every animal organ, the tissues of birds undoubtedly made advances, but it is still beside the threshold of the tomb Fra
being particularly rich in it. It is suggested questionable how far it can be made of Angelico with his glowing hopes, his
that both those minerals have a catalytic practical use in war maneuvres.
saintly loves, his young ecstacies.
## p. 686 (#516) ############################################
686
No. 4416, JUNE 15, 1912
THE ATHENÆUM
as
Watteau (204-9), enriching an already
CARFAX GALLERY.
BRITISH MUSEUM EXHIBITION OF rich collection; one particularly charming
DRAWINGS.
Claude (195); and, among modern drawings, Miss ETHEL SANDS and Miss A. H. Hudson
some by Delacroix (220–7), Millet (243—50),
THIS exhibition constitutes a highly and Rodin (253–5). The Salting Bequest, former showing more variety of colour
aro painters of some accomplishment, the
croditablo record of the activity of Sir Sidney which is represented here by eighty-nine scheme and more initiative in her choice
Colvin and his colleagues during the last drawings, would be remarkable
if only for the of subject, the latter being, on the whole,
eight years. As is pointed out in the preface Rembrandts (154-68). The British school the sounder painter, and producing in No. 31,
to tho Catalogue, the policy of the depart: is so fully annotated in the Catalogue as to The Herald& College ; No. 42, The White
ment does not aim at a collection exclusively need no fuller notice, but, among the Door, Smith Square ; and less perfectly in
composed of masterpieces, but at one which work of living artists, perhaps the perfect No. 18, Barton Street, Westminster, or 30,
shall be fully representative. Drawings scholarship of Mr. Strang's Portrait of Sergiras The Old Tree, Smith's Square, work which
boing pre-eminently compact properties for Stepniak (547) calls for special commenda- is honest, competent, and attractive. It is,
stowing away in small compass, we cannot
tion.
however, dulled
doubt that this is the right ideal on which
a little, by tho rather
to form a national collection. The device
monotonous short-chopped brush stroke
of enriching the Museum by inviting gifts
which is her defence against ovor-emphasis
SCOTTISH ART AND HISTORY.
of detail, but sometimes leads her to define
from living artists has been used on the
whole with so much discretion that, at first At the Summer Exhibition at the White- detail down to a scale slightly below ito
sight, it may sound pedantic to quarrel chapel Art Gallery the most romarkable
limit of efficiency:
Miss Sands is inclined to discard the pro-
with it as a matter of principle. Yet it is exhibit is the early Wilkie, The Village
a doubtful system which involves endless Recruit (6), which shows the artist's natural tection afforded by the habit of an impartial
possibilities of abuse if there should ever be gifts to have been even greater than is uncharacteristic stroke, and, when sho deals
a break in the succession of discreet curators, usually supposed. The technique is exqui- with a subject which invites it (Venetion
and the fact that at present it works well site-one figure, indeed, boing worthy of Interiors, 9 and 13) will match tho caligraphic
does not entirely allay our misgivings. Chardin at his best. In others the typically flourish of a boldly designed wallpaper with
& like quality in its painted counterpart.
The most important group of drawings / Scottish mastery of the easier tricks of pic. She does it cleverly as far as handiwork goes,
numerically in the show is that from the
torial effectiveness becomes more obtrusive.
impetuous brush of Tintoretto (12-68), Among the living painters exhibiting, Mr. and we quite agree that this element in
as to the uniform merits of which we are
William Wells in A Lancashire Village (62), painting is not in its essenco illegitimate or
not quito in accord with Sir Sidney Colvin. suffers least, though still handicapped by superficial, as certain doctrinaire teaching
would maintain. It implies merely a frank
A few such as Nos. 36, 38, 41, and 42 in the this fatal facility.
St. Antony Series, the Mary Magdalene in
The works of Dyce (30) and McTaggart (44 acceptance of the structural basis of painting
8 process done with a brush, the
Penitence (31), or the Diana and Actæon (54), D. Y. Cameron (79), S. J. Peploe (116), and intrinsic beauty of which is largely dependent
number which seom to us intrinsically hardly George Houston (75), also contribute largely on the perfection with which the brush stroko
worth preserving. Yet they may serve as
to the interest of the show. No. 35, An Åras is controlled and modulated. It is neces-
evidence that an inventive designer whom Interior, is an undesirable work as repro- sary, however, that this element of execution
We think of as having great powers of sentative of the art of the late Arthur should itself be closely related to the design
as a whole, and not introduced sporadically
Melville. An uncatalogued sketch for a
abstract conception may be unsystematic
in his manner of approaching an idea, composition of horsemen and a floating where it happens to serve for the realistic
and dependent on the sight of a large figure (by David Scott ? ) is a work of con representation of some object in the picture.
Used in the latter sense, it is apt to lead to
number of haphazard sketches to furnish, siderable power, evoking souvenirs at once
just the faults which one can imagine Miss
as it were, by accident the suggestion of Blake and Tintoretto.
Hudson's professor predicting. Individual
structural basis for composi-
objects are vividly displayed at the expense
tion. The series does demonstrate, how-
of their spacial relations to other objecte
ever, that in whatever medium Tintoretto
painted his great canvases (and it is exces-
in the picture. A lack of plastic sense is
GOUPIL GALLERY SUMMER EXHIBI.
TION.
sively diffioult often to distinguish between
probably at the bottom of this fault, and the
comparatively feeble figure-drawing shown
oil and varnished tempera), it was from his At this exhibition the Diana (53), by corroborates the suspicion.
practice in the technique of the latter, with Matthew Maris and Bellanger, looks already
its possibility of swiftly imposing a second
a somewhat “ retrospective exhibit when
movement of brush strokes upon a first shown between two flower-pieces by Mr.
already dry, that he gained his power of Nicholson (52 and 54).
SALE.
conceiving a colour scheme, not
To the exaggerated sensibility of yesterday
single-skinned, fat arrangement of tints, succeeds by a natural reaction to-day's
On Friday, June 7th, Messrs. Sotheby sold war
but as a thing foreseen from the first as
inherent in the structural sequence of pro-
taste for businesslike capacity at all costs-medals, including two Victoria Crosses :
cesses which make up the “ conduct” of a
a capacity which, in such comparison, looks granted to Sergeant Patrick Mullano during the
last Afghan War in 1880 ; the other to Bom-
a little obvious and brutal. Mr. Orpen’s bardier Jacob Thomas during the Siege of Luck-
picture. Probably not few of these By the Window (74) is painted in finer and now, 1857. They rcalized 561. and 681. respectively.
studies were made, not to settle the forms
and colours of the resultant design, but has cared for, but, accomplished as it is,
more mysterious pigment than Mr. Nicholson
rather the means of technical approach of falls short of our recollection of a similar
the picture—the order in which its different picture shown in the same gallery four or
elements were to be introduced. It is five years back, and noticed at length in
Fine Art Gossip.
for this purpose pre-eminently that we these columns. M. Vollon's still life (65),
should like to see tempera painting revived however, with its crudely sensational alter- At the Dowdeswell Galleries we find it
to-day.
nations of too solid fruit and china and impossible to admire from any point of view
This collection would thus be more in rankly transparent tablecloth, makes us Mr. J. Hemming Fry's rendering of Feminine
place in some gallery which dealt specially appreciate the consistency and well-con- Themes from Classic Myths. The exhibition
with the art of painting than does the Print trolled modulation of Mr. Nicholson's pic. of Rubens's sketches, however, is enriched
Room of the British Museum, into which it tures. With the Englishman the placing of by two additional designs for ceiling panels,
introduces a novel element. The other the objects is steadily assured ; with the one of which is a masterpiece of easily varied
exhibits contribute to the more ample illus- Frenchman they float in, rather than stand structural brush work in a blonde scheme of
tration of aspects of Art already represented upon the table. Ribot's large group in the colour.
in the collection, and we can only mention same genre (73) succeeds by an intense
some of the more important. Notable among devotion to material reality, but it is less
OWING to its continued success, the
Italian exhibits the Mantegnesque broadly seen than are Mr. Nicholson's school military works by Lady Butler, will remain
exhibition of The Roll Call,' and other
Design for a Fountain (8); the sparkling demonstrations. Mr. Walter Russell is re-
drawings by Canale (78-83), which show presented by an opalescent Beach at Little open until June 22nd, when it will be
him at his extremo of cleverness, but at less hampton (79), like a Boudin of the best succeeded by a show of rare English
than his usual dignity; and the extra- period. Mr. Augustus John has two pleasant reference to the art of Thomas Girtin (1775
drawings and water-colours, with special
ordinary designs for operatic scenes by studies of colour relations (60 and 68); and
Guiseppe Galli, in which the copious detail among works by deceased painters the
1802).
is informed by so exuberant and structural fine Foster's Old Mill, Cambridge (47), and THE Twenty-Second Annual Southwark
a fanoy that it hardly seems frivolous. The a good water-colour by Aumonier, The Wind and Lambeth Free Loan Picture Exhibition
French drawings include fine examples of mill, Steyning (32), are notable.
will be opened at the Borough Polytechnie,
of
&
as
a
one
å
are
## p. 687 (#517) ############################################
No. 4416, JUNE 15, 1912
THE ATHENÆUM
687
on
PERPORMANCES NEXT WEEK.
Sun.
National Sunday League, 7. Quoon's Hall.
Mon. -SAT. Royal Open, Covent Garuon.
Mon. -SAT.
