In
and to transfer the election to the people ; but the civil and pontifical law he was deeply skilled.
and to transfer the election to the people ; but the civil and pontifical law he was deeply skilled.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - a
P.
Licinius Crassus Dives, Cos.
B.
c.
205.
1
7. P. Licinius Crassus Dives.
1
P. Licinius Crassus Dives Mucianus,
adopted son of No. 7, Cos. B. c. 131.
1
9. M. Licinius Crassus
Agelastus.
10. Licinia, (? ) married
Claudius Asellus.
11. Licinia, married
C. Sulpicius Galba.
12. Licinia, married
C. Sempronius Gracchus.
13. M. Licinius 14. P. Lic. Crassus Dives,
Crassus, Pr. B. c. 107. (a) Cos. B. C. 97; married
Venuleia.
a
## p. 873 (#893) ############################################
CRASSUS.
873
CRASSUS.
a
I
15. P. Licinius Crassus Dives, 16. Licinius Crassus 17. M. Licinius Crassus, triumvir,
died B. C. 87.
Dives.
married Tertulla.
1
18. P. Licinius Crassus Dives,
Decocior.
19. M. Licinius Crassus Dives, 20. P. Licinius Crassus Dives,
Quaestor of Caesar.
Legate of Caesar, marr. Cornelia.
1
21. M. Licinius Crassus Dives, Cos. B. C. 30.
22. M. Licinius Crassus Dives, Cos. B. c. 14.
(C. )
23. L. Licinius Crassus, orator ; Cos. B. C. 95 ; married Mucia.
;
24. Licinia, married
25. Licinia, married 26. L. Licinius Crassus Scipio, son of
Scipio Nasica.
C. Marius.
No. 24, and adopted by No. 23.
(D. ) Other Licinii Crassi of uncertain pedigree.
27. Licinius Crassus Dives, Pr. B. C. 59.
28. P. Licinius Crassus, Pr. B. C. 57.
29. P. Licinius Crassus Junianus, Tr. PL
30. M. Licinius Crassus Mucianus, a contem-
B. c. 53.
porary of Vespasian.
1. P. LICINIUS C. F. P. N. CRASSUS, was cus and T. Manlius Torquatus, in a hard-fought
grandson of P. Licinius Varus, who was praetor contest for the office of pontifex maximus. (Liv.
B. C. 208. In B. c. 176 he was praetor, and plead- xxv. 5. ) In B. c. 211 he was curule aedile, and
ed that he was bound to perform a solemn sacrifice gave splendid games, remarkable for the crowns
as an excuse for not proceeding to his province, with foliage of gold and silver, that were then first
Hither Spain. In B. c. 171 he was consul, and exhibited at Rome (Plin. H. N. xxi. 4); in B. C.
appointed to the command against Perseus. He 210 he was magister equitum of the dictator Q.
advanced through Epeirus to Thessaly, and was Fulvius Flaccus, and in the same year obtained
defeated by the king in an engagement of cavalry. the censorship, but abdicated (as was usual) in con-
(Liv. xli. , xlii. , xliii. ) During his command, he sequence of the death of his colleague. In B. C.
oppressed the Athenians by excessive requisitions 208 he was praetor.
In B. c. 205 he was consul
of corn to supply his troops, and was accused on with Scipio Africanus, and undertook the task of
this account to the senate.
keeping Hannibal in check in the country of the
2. C. LICINIUS C. F. P. N. Crassus, brother of Bruttii. Here be succeeded in rescuing some
No. 1, was praetor in B. c. 172, and in B. c. 171 towns from the enemy, but was able to do little
served as legatus with his brother in Greece, and in consequence of a contagious disease which
commanded the right wing in the unsuccessful attacked him and his army. (Liv. xxix. 10. )
battle against Perseus. In B. c. 168 he was con- In the following year he united his forces with
sul, and in the following year went to Macedonia, those of the consul Sempronius, to oppose Han-
instead of proceeding to Cisalpine Gaul, which was nibal in the neighbourhood of Croton, but the Ro-
his appointed province. (Liv. xlv. 17. )
mans were defeated. In B. c. 203, he returned
3. C. LICINIUS CRASSUS, probably a son of No. to Rome, and died at an advanced age, B. c. 183,
2, was tribune of the plebs B. C. 145, and accord- when his funeral was celebrated with games and
ing to Cicero (de Amic. 25) and Varro (de Re feasts which lasted for three days, and by a
Rust. i. 2), was the first who in his orations to the fight of 120 gladiators. (xxxix. 46. ) He possessed
people turned towards the forum, instead of turn- many gifts of nature and fortune, and added to
ing towards the comitium and the curia Plutarch them by his own industry. He was noble and
(C. Gracch. 5) attributes the introduction of this rich, of commanding form and great corporeal
mark of independence to C. Gracchus. He intro strength, and, in addition to his military accom-
duced a rogation in order to prevent the colleges of plishments, was extremely eloquent, whether in
priests from filling up vacancies by co-optation, addressing the senate or haranguing the people.
In
and to transfer the election to the people ; but the civil and pontifical law he was deeply skilled.
measure was defeated in consequence of the speech |(xxx. 1. ) Valerius Maximus (i. 1. $ 6) gives an
of the then praetor, C. Laelius Sapiens. (Cic. Brut. example of his religious sererity in condemning a
21. ) (Huschke, Ueber die Stelle des Varro von Vestal virgin to be burnt, because one night she
den Liciniern, Heidelb. 1837. )
neglected her charge of guarding the everlasting fire.
4. C. LICINIUS (Crassus), probably a son of 7. P. LICINIUS CRASSUS D. VES, son of No. 6.
No. 3. (Dion Cass. Frag. xcii. )
8. P. Licinius Crassus DiveS MUCIANUs, was
5. LICINIA. [LICINIA. ]
the adopted son of No. 7. (Cic. Brut. 26. ) His
6. P. LICINIUS P. F. P. N. Crassus, Dives, natural father was P. Mucius Scaevola, who was
was the son of P. Licinius Varus, and was the first consul B, c. 175. In the year B. c. 131 he was
Licinius with the surname Dives mentioned in consul and pontifex maximus, and, according to
history. In B. c. 212, though a young man who Livy, was the first priest of that rank who
had never sat in the curule chair, he defeated two went beyond Italy. (Epit. lix. ) As pontifex
distinguished and aged consulars, Q. Fulvius Flac. I maximus, he forbade his colleague, Valerius Flac-
## p. 874 (#894) ############################################
874
CRASSUS.
CRASSUS.
cus, who was firmen Martialis, to undertake the markable decree, by which it was ordained “ne
command against Aristonicus, and imposed a fine homo immolaretur,"—il monstrous rite, says Pliny,
upon him, in case of his leaving the sacred rites. which ar to that time had been publicly solem-
The people remitted the fine, but sliewed their nized. (Plin. II. N. xxx. 3. ) After his con-
sense of duc priestly subordination by ordering the sulship, he took the command in Spain, where
flamen to obey the pontiff. (Cic. Phil. xi. 8. ) he presided for several years, and, in the year B. C.
Crassus, though liis on absence was liable to 93, was honoured with a triumph for his successes
similar objection, proceeded to oppose Aristonicus, in combating the Lusitanian tribes. In the social
who had occupied the kingdom of Pergamus, which war, B. c. 90, he was the legate of L. Julius
had been bequeathed by Attalus to the Roman Caesar, and in the following year liis collcagle ir:
people. His expedition to Asia was unfortunate. the censorship (Festus, s. r. referri), and with him
He suffered a defeat at Leucie, and was overtaken enrolled in new tribes certain of the Latini and
in his flight between Elaen and Smyrna by the Itali, who were rewarded for their fidelity with
body-guard of the enemy. In order that he might the rights of citizenship. In the civil war which
not be taken alive, he struck a Thracian in the eye commenced soon afterwards, he took part with
with his horse-whip, and the Thracian, smarting Sulla and the aristocracy. When Marius and
with the blow, stabbed him to death. (Val. Max. Cinna, after being proscribed, returned to Rome in
iii. 2. $ 12. ) His body was buried at Smyrna, the absence of Sulla, he stabbed himself in order to
and his head was brought to Aristonicus, who, in escape a more ignominious death from the hands
the following year, surrendered to Perperna, and of their partisans. (Liv. Epit. Ixxx. )
was put to death at Rome. He was so minutely 15. P. LICINIUS Crassus Dives, son of No.
skilled in the Greek langunge, that when he pre-14, by Venuleia. (Cic. ad Atl. xii. 24. ) In B. C.
sided in Asia, he was in the habit of giving judg. 87, he was put to death by the horsemen of Fim-
ment to those who resorted to his tribunal in any bria, who belonged to the party of Marius, and, ac-
one of five dialects in which they preferred their cording to Florus (iii. 21. § 14), was massacred
claim. (Quintil. xi. 2, fin. ) Cicero extols him as before his father's eyes. Appian (B. C. i. p. 394)
a good orator and jurist (Cic. Brut. 26 ; compare differs from other historians in his account of this
Dig. 1. tit. 2. s. 4), and Gellius (who gives an example transaction. He relates that the father, after slay-
of the strictness of his military discipline) says that, ing his son, was himself slaughtered by the party
according to Sempronius Asellio and other writers in pursuit.
of Roman history, he possessed five of the best of 16. LICINIUS Crassus Dives, a younger bra
good things, " quod esset ditissimus, quod nobilis- ther of No. 15. His praenomen is unknown, and
biinus, quod eloquentissimus, quod jurisconsultissi- the only particulars of his history which have been
mus, quod pontifex maximus. ” (Geil. i. 13. ) How recorded are the fact of his marriage in the lifetime
the legal lore of Crassus was on one occasion well- of his parents, and his escape from the massacre of
nigh foiled in contest with the superior eloquence the year B. c. 87. (Plut. Crass. 1, 4. )
of Ser. Sulpicius Galba (whose son married the 17. M. LICINIUS P. F. M. N. Crassus Dives,
daughter of Crassus) may be read in Cicero ( ue the younger son of No. 14. The date of his birth
Orat. i. 56). By Heineccius (Hist. Jur. Rom. i. is noi precisely recorded, but it is probable that
143) and many others, he has been confounded he was born about the year B. c. 105, for Plutarch
with L. Licinius Crassus, the orator, No. 23. states, that he was younger than Pompey (Plut
(Rutilius, l'itae JCtorum, c. xviii. )
Crass. 6), and that he was more than sixty years
9. M. LICINIUS CRASSUS AGELASTUS, son of old when he departed (in the year B. c. 55) to
No. 7, and grand father of Crassus the triumvir. He make war against the Parthians. (16. 17. )
derived his cognomen from having never laughed In the year B. c. 87, when his-father and bra
(Plin. H. N. vii. 18), or, as Cicero says, he was ther suffered death for their resistance to Marius
not the less entitled to the designation, though and Cinna, he was not considered of sufficient im-
Lucilius reports that he laughed once in bis life. portance to be involved in the same doom ; but he
(Cic. de Fin. v. 30. )
was closely watched, and after some time he
10, 11, 12. LICINIAE. [LICINIA. ]
thought it prudent to make his escape to Spain,
13. M. Licisius CRASSUS, son of No. 9, was which he had visited some years before, when his
praetor B. c. 107.
father had the command in that country. How
14. P. Licinius M. f. P. N. CRASSUS Dives, he concealed himself in a cavern near the sea upon
brother of No. 13 and father of the triumvir. He the estate of Vibius Paciaecus, and how he passed
was the proposer of the lex Licinia, mentioned by his life in this strange retreat, is related in detail
Gellius (ii.
1
7. P. Licinius Crassus Dives.
1
P. Licinius Crassus Dives Mucianus,
adopted son of No. 7, Cos. B. c. 131.
1
9. M. Licinius Crassus
Agelastus.
10. Licinia, (? ) married
Claudius Asellus.
11. Licinia, married
C. Sulpicius Galba.
12. Licinia, married
C. Sempronius Gracchus.
13. M. Licinius 14. P. Lic. Crassus Dives,
Crassus, Pr. B. c. 107. (a) Cos. B. C. 97; married
Venuleia.
a
## p. 873 (#893) ############################################
CRASSUS.
873
CRASSUS.
a
I
15. P. Licinius Crassus Dives, 16. Licinius Crassus 17. M. Licinius Crassus, triumvir,
died B. C. 87.
Dives.
married Tertulla.
1
18. P. Licinius Crassus Dives,
Decocior.
19. M. Licinius Crassus Dives, 20. P. Licinius Crassus Dives,
Quaestor of Caesar.
Legate of Caesar, marr. Cornelia.
1
21. M. Licinius Crassus Dives, Cos. B. C. 30.
22. M. Licinius Crassus Dives, Cos. B. c. 14.
(C. )
23. L. Licinius Crassus, orator ; Cos. B. C. 95 ; married Mucia.
;
24. Licinia, married
25. Licinia, married 26. L. Licinius Crassus Scipio, son of
Scipio Nasica.
C. Marius.
No. 24, and adopted by No. 23.
(D. ) Other Licinii Crassi of uncertain pedigree.
27. Licinius Crassus Dives, Pr. B. C. 59.
28. P. Licinius Crassus, Pr. B. C. 57.
29. P. Licinius Crassus Junianus, Tr. PL
30. M. Licinius Crassus Mucianus, a contem-
B. c. 53.
porary of Vespasian.
1. P. LICINIUS C. F. P. N. CRASSUS, was cus and T. Manlius Torquatus, in a hard-fought
grandson of P. Licinius Varus, who was praetor contest for the office of pontifex maximus. (Liv.
B. C. 208. In B. c. 176 he was praetor, and plead- xxv. 5. ) In B. c. 211 he was curule aedile, and
ed that he was bound to perform a solemn sacrifice gave splendid games, remarkable for the crowns
as an excuse for not proceeding to his province, with foliage of gold and silver, that were then first
Hither Spain. In B. c. 171 he was consul, and exhibited at Rome (Plin. H. N. xxi. 4); in B. C.
appointed to the command against Perseus. He 210 he was magister equitum of the dictator Q.
advanced through Epeirus to Thessaly, and was Fulvius Flaccus, and in the same year obtained
defeated by the king in an engagement of cavalry. the censorship, but abdicated (as was usual) in con-
(Liv. xli. , xlii. , xliii. ) During his command, he sequence of the death of his colleague. In B. C.
oppressed the Athenians by excessive requisitions 208 he was praetor.
In B. c. 205 he was consul
of corn to supply his troops, and was accused on with Scipio Africanus, and undertook the task of
this account to the senate.
keeping Hannibal in check in the country of the
2. C. LICINIUS C. F. P. N. Crassus, brother of Bruttii. Here be succeeded in rescuing some
No. 1, was praetor in B. c. 172, and in B. c. 171 towns from the enemy, but was able to do little
served as legatus with his brother in Greece, and in consequence of a contagious disease which
commanded the right wing in the unsuccessful attacked him and his army. (Liv. xxix. 10. )
battle against Perseus. In B. c. 168 he was con- In the following year he united his forces with
sul, and in the following year went to Macedonia, those of the consul Sempronius, to oppose Han-
instead of proceeding to Cisalpine Gaul, which was nibal in the neighbourhood of Croton, but the Ro-
his appointed province. (Liv. xlv. 17. )
mans were defeated. In B. c. 203, he returned
3. C. LICINIUS CRASSUS, probably a son of No. to Rome, and died at an advanced age, B. c. 183,
2, was tribune of the plebs B. C. 145, and accord- when his funeral was celebrated with games and
ing to Cicero (de Amic. 25) and Varro (de Re feasts which lasted for three days, and by a
Rust. i. 2), was the first who in his orations to the fight of 120 gladiators. (xxxix. 46. ) He possessed
people turned towards the forum, instead of turn- many gifts of nature and fortune, and added to
ing towards the comitium and the curia Plutarch them by his own industry. He was noble and
(C. Gracch. 5) attributes the introduction of this rich, of commanding form and great corporeal
mark of independence to C. Gracchus. He intro strength, and, in addition to his military accom-
duced a rogation in order to prevent the colleges of plishments, was extremely eloquent, whether in
priests from filling up vacancies by co-optation, addressing the senate or haranguing the people.
In
and to transfer the election to the people ; but the civil and pontifical law he was deeply skilled.
measure was defeated in consequence of the speech |(xxx. 1. ) Valerius Maximus (i. 1. $ 6) gives an
of the then praetor, C. Laelius Sapiens. (Cic. Brut. example of his religious sererity in condemning a
21. ) (Huschke, Ueber die Stelle des Varro von Vestal virgin to be burnt, because one night she
den Liciniern, Heidelb. 1837. )
neglected her charge of guarding the everlasting fire.
4. C. LICINIUS (Crassus), probably a son of 7. P. LICINIUS CRASSUS D. VES, son of No. 6.
No. 3. (Dion Cass. Frag. xcii. )
8. P. Licinius Crassus DiveS MUCIANUs, was
5. LICINIA. [LICINIA. ]
the adopted son of No. 7. (Cic. Brut. 26. ) His
6. P. LICINIUS P. F. P. N. Crassus, Dives, natural father was P. Mucius Scaevola, who was
was the son of P. Licinius Varus, and was the first consul B, c. 175. In the year B. c. 131 he was
Licinius with the surname Dives mentioned in consul and pontifex maximus, and, according to
history. In B. c. 212, though a young man who Livy, was the first priest of that rank who
had never sat in the curule chair, he defeated two went beyond Italy. (Epit. lix. ) As pontifex
distinguished and aged consulars, Q. Fulvius Flac. I maximus, he forbade his colleague, Valerius Flac-
## p. 874 (#894) ############################################
874
CRASSUS.
CRASSUS.
cus, who was firmen Martialis, to undertake the markable decree, by which it was ordained “ne
command against Aristonicus, and imposed a fine homo immolaretur,"—il monstrous rite, says Pliny,
upon him, in case of his leaving the sacred rites. which ar to that time had been publicly solem-
The people remitted the fine, but sliewed their nized. (Plin. II. N. xxx. 3. ) After his con-
sense of duc priestly subordination by ordering the sulship, he took the command in Spain, where
flamen to obey the pontiff. (Cic. Phil. xi. 8. ) he presided for several years, and, in the year B. C.
Crassus, though liis on absence was liable to 93, was honoured with a triumph for his successes
similar objection, proceeded to oppose Aristonicus, in combating the Lusitanian tribes. In the social
who had occupied the kingdom of Pergamus, which war, B. c. 90, he was the legate of L. Julius
had been bequeathed by Attalus to the Roman Caesar, and in the following year liis collcagle ir:
people. His expedition to Asia was unfortunate. the censorship (Festus, s. r. referri), and with him
He suffered a defeat at Leucie, and was overtaken enrolled in new tribes certain of the Latini and
in his flight between Elaen and Smyrna by the Itali, who were rewarded for their fidelity with
body-guard of the enemy. In order that he might the rights of citizenship. In the civil war which
not be taken alive, he struck a Thracian in the eye commenced soon afterwards, he took part with
with his horse-whip, and the Thracian, smarting Sulla and the aristocracy. When Marius and
with the blow, stabbed him to death. (Val. Max. Cinna, after being proscribed, returned to Rome in
iii. 2. $ 12. ) His body was buried at Smyrna, the absence of Sulla, he stabbed himself in order to
and his head was brought to Aristonicus, who, in escape a more ignominious death from the hands
the following year, surrendered to Perperna, and of their partisans. (Liv. Epit. Ixxx. )
was put to death at Rome. He was so minutely 15. P. LICINIUS Crassus Dives, son of No.
skilled in the Greek langunge, that when he pre-14, by Venuleia. (Cic. ad Atl. xii. 24. ) In B. C.
sided in Asia, he was in the habit of giving judg. 87, he was put to death by the horsemen of Fim-
ment to those who resorted to his tribunal in any bria, who belonged to the party of Marius, and, ac-
one of five dialects in which they preferred their cording to Florus (iii. 21. § 14), was massacred
claim. (Quintil. xi. 2, fin. ) Cicero extols him as before his father's eyes. Appian (B. C. i. p. 394)
a good orator and jurist (Cic. Brut. 26 ; compare differs from other historians in his account of this
Dig. 1. tit. 2. s. 4), and Gellius (who gives an example transaction. He relates that the father, after slay-
of the strictness of his military discipline) says that, ing his son, was himself slaughtered by the party
according to Sempronius Asellio and other writers in pursuit.
of Roman history, he possessed five of the best of 16. LICINIUS Crassus Dives, a younger bra
good things, " quod esset ditissimus, quod nobilis- ther of No. 15. His praenomen is unknown, and
biinus, quod eloquentissimus, quod jurisconsultissi- the only particulars of his history which have been
mus, quod pontifex maximus. ” (Geil. i. 13. ) How recorded are the fact of his marriage in the lifetime
the legal lore of Crassus was on one occasion well- of his parents, and his escape from the massacre of
nigh foiled in contest with the superior eloquence the year B. c. 87. (Plut. Crass. 1, 4. )
of Ser. Sulpicius Galba (whose son married the 17. M. LICINIUS P. F. M. N. Crassus Dives,
daughter of Crassus) may be read in Cicero ( ue the younger son of No. 14. The date of his birth
Orat. i. 56). By Heineccius (Hist. Jur. Rom. i. is noi precisely recorded, but it is probable that
143) and many others, he has been confounded he was born about the year B. c. 105, for Plutarch
with L. Licinius Crassus, the orator, No. 23. states, that he was younger than Pompey (Plut
(Rutilius, l'itae JCtorum, c. xviii. )
Crass. 6), and that he was more than sixty years
9. M. LICINIUS CRASSUS AGELASTUS, son of old when he departed (in the year B. c. 55) to
No. 7, and grand father of Crassus the triumvir. He make war against the Parthians. (16. 17. )
derived his cognomen from having never laughed In the year B. c. 87, when his-father and bra
(Plin. H. N. vii. 18), or, as Cicero says, he was ther suffered death for their resistance to Marius
not the less entitled to the designation, though and Cinna, he was not considered of sufficient im-
Lucilius reports that he laughed once in bis life. portance to be involved in the same doom ; but he
(Cic. de Fin. v. 30. )
was closely watched, and after some time he
10, 11, 12. LICINIAE. [LICINIA. ]
thought it prudent to make his escape to Spain,
13. M. Licisius CRASSUS, son of No. 9, was which he had visited some years before, when his
praetor B. c. 107.
father had the command in that country. How
14. P. Licinius M. f. P. N. CRASSUS Dives, he concealed himself in a cavern near the sea upon
brother of No. 13 and father of the triumvir. He the estate of Vibius Paciaecus, and how he passed
was the proposer of the lex Licinia, mentioned by his life in this strange retreat, is related in detail
Gellius (ii.
