His 'In Life's Path) and other volumes of
lyrics and narrative poems won instant appre-
ciation.
lyrics and narrative poems won instant appre-
ciation.
Warner - World's Best Literature - v29 - BIographical Dictionary
'
Hinton, James. A famous English surgeon
and philosophical essayist; born at Reading,
1822; died 1875. He was noted as an aurist.
He visited the United States in 1850. His
great work (The Mystery of Pain : a Book for
the Sorrowful' appeared in 1866. Other notable
productions were : (Art of Thinking' (1879);
(Philosophy and Religion (1881); etc.
Hippeau, Célestin (ē-po'). A French edu-
cator and author; born at Niort, Deux-Sèvres,
May 11, 1803; died in Paris, May 31, 1883.
He filled different positions as a teacher and
professor at Strasburg, Paris, Caen, etc. , and
was sent to England and the United States
by the minister of public instruction to study
their educational systems. His publications on
educational and literary subjects include : Nor-
Writers of the Seventeenth Century)
man
## p. 266 (#282) ############################################
266
HIPPEL- HOBBES
over.
(1857); History of the Government of Nor-
mandy) (9 vols. , 1863-73); Public Instruction
in the United States) (1869); Dictionary of
the French Language in the Twelfth and
Thirteenth Centuries) (1873).
Hippel, Theodor Gottlieb von (hip’pel). A
German sociological and ethical writer, ro-
mancer, and jurisconsult; born in Gerdauen,
East Prussia, Jan. 31, 1741; died at Königsberg,
April 23, 1796. His great but singularly con-
tradictory character is revealed in his many
writings. His best-known work is on Mar-
riage. Other productions include : (The Edu-
cation of Woman); (The Civil Emancipation
of Woman); and Biographies in the Ascend-
ing Line, with Supplements A, B, C, a pecul-
iar piece of fiction in which a sardonic humor
is combined with profound observation and
knowledge of life. A powerful political satire,
"Carpenter I. and Frederick II. , by John Henry
Frederick Quincetree, Wood Carver, of Han.
Printed at Solitude, and other similar
efforts, are characteristic exhibitions of his
strange genius.
Hirst, Henry Beck. An American lawyer
and writer of verse; born in Pennsylvania,
1813; died 1874. His home was in Philadel.
phia. He wrote 'Endymion, a Tale of Greece);
(The Penance of Roland”; (The Coming of
the Mammoth, and Other Poems. He also
published a Poetical Dictionary. ?
Hita, Gines Perez de (ē-tä'). A Spanish ro-
mantic historian of the sixteenth century, author
of the celebrated History of the Civil Wars
of Granada. He was of Murcian origin, and
fought bravely in the campaigns against the
Moors 1568–70. His History) is the first histori-
cal romance produced by the Spaniards, and re-
lates in picturesque and imaginative style, and
with exquisite purity of language, the events
leading up to the expulsion of the Moors from
Spain. The narrative is interspersed with de-
lightful legends and stories. The first portion
appeared in 1588, the last in 1604.
Hitchcock, Edward. American geologist
and author; born in Deerfield, Mass. , May 24,
1793; died at Amherst, Mass. , Feb. 27, 1864.
In the beginning of his career he was pastor
of a Congregational church in Conway, Mass.
He was made president of Amherst College
in 1845, but resigned in 1854, continuing his
professorship there till his death. Amherst Col-
lege owes to him the founding of its Museum of
Natural History, and his writings were among
the earliest to call attention in this country
to the study of geology. His Religion of
Geology and its Connected Sciences) marks
a distinct epoch in scientific study in this
country. He published also (Reminiscences of
Amherst College in 1863.
Hitchcock, Ethan Allen. An American
soldier and miscellaneous writer, grandson of
the famous patriot Ethan Allen; born at Ver-
gennes, V't. , May 18, 1798; died at Hancock,
Ga. , Aug. 5, 1870. A graduate of West Point,
he served in the Florida war, in the Mexican
War, and in the Civil War. He wrote: (The
Doctrines of Swedenborg and Spinoza Identi-
fied) (1846); "On the Sonnets of Shakespeare
(1865); "On the Vita Nuova of Dante) (1866);
etc.
Hitchcock, James Ripley Wellman. An
American writer on art, etc. ; born at Fitch-
burg, Mass. , 1857. His home is in New York.
He has written : (The Western Art Movement
(1885); A Study of George Genness) (1885);
(Madonnas by Old Masters) (1888), the text
to photogravures; (The Future of Etching);
(Some American Painters in Water Colors);
(Etching in America'; Notable Etchings by
American Artists); etc.
Hitchcock, Roswell Dwight. A distin-
guished American Congregational divine and
theologian ; born at East Machias, Me. , Aug.
15, 1817; died at Somerset, Mass. , June 16, 1887.
He was long president of Cnion Theological
Seminary. He wrote (Analysis of the Bible)
(1869); (Socialism? (1879); Life of Edward
Robinson'; “Hymns and Songs for Social and
Sabbath Worship'; Eternal Atonement) (with
Francis Brown); etc.
Hittell, John Shertzer. An American jour-
nalist and miscellaneous writer; born in Penn-
sylvania, 1825. Ilis home is in San Francisco.
He has written (Evidences Against Christian-
ity) (2d ed. , 2 vols. , 1857); Resources of Cali-
fornia) (6th ed. 1874); (A Brief History of
Culture) (1875); etc.
Hittell, Theodore Henry. An American
lawyer and historian, brother of John Shertzer;
born in Pennsylvania, 1830. His home is in
San Francisco. Besides valuable legal works,
including (General Laws of California 1850-64
(1868), commonly known as "Hittell's Digest,'
he has published a critical review of (Goethe's
Faust) (1872); the important History of Cali-
fornia) (4 vols. , 1885 97); etc.
Hlinka, Vojtech (Adalbert] (lēng'kä). A
Czech story-writer; born in Nekrasin, near
Neuhaus, Bohemia, April 17, 1817. He was a
Catholic chaplain at Hrádek. For the past
thirty years he has written stories and novels
in profusion under the pseudonym of "Fran-
tisek (Francis] Pravda," all of which deal with
life among the Czechs, and are exceedingly
popular with that people. The tales are of a
moral nature, and while lacking high qualities
of genius, merit notice as studies in a pleasing
school of realism.
Hoadly, Benjamin. An English dramatist;
born in London, Feb. 10, 1706; died at Chelsea,
Aug. 10, 1757. He was educated at Cambridge.
He settled in London and became a Fellow of
the College of Physicians. Among his works
are the “Suspicious Husband (1747), a comedy
which was well received. He also wrote (The
Tatlers,' and assisted Hogarth in his Analysis
of Beauty.
Hobbes, John Oliver, pseudonym of Pearl
Richards Craigie, an English novelist; born
((
a
## p. 267 (#283) ############################################
HOBBES - HOFFMAN
267
18–. She has published: (The Sinner's Com-
edy); “Some Emotions and a Moral); (A Study
in Temptations); (A Bundle of Life); (The
Ilarvest Moon'; etc.
Hobbes, Thomas. An English philosopher;
born in Malmesbury, April 5, 1588; died at
Hardwick Hall, Derbyshire, Dec. 4, 1679. One
of the greatest and most discriminating intel-
lects employed on metaphysical and social
analyses in any age, his thought has left deep
traces on all related speculation since, even
when adverse. Of his voluminous works, ex-
pository and controversial, carried on in the
leisure of aristocratic patronage to extreme old
age, the most vigorously living one to be con-
stantly reckoned with is (Leviathan,' dealing
with the origins, functions, and possibilities of
human society, conceived as an organism. *
Hobhouse, John Cam, Lord Broughton. An
English statesman and miscellaneous writer;
born at Redland, near Bristol, June 27, 1786;
died in London, June 3, 1869. He was Secre-
tary of War in 1831, and Secretary of State
for Ireland in 1833. He was one of Lord
Byron's most intimate friends. He wrote: (His-
torical Illustrations of the Fourth Canto of
Childe Harold)(2d ed. 1818); Journey into
Albania) (1813); "Letters Written by an Eng-
lishman During the Last Reign of Napoleon
(1810); Essay on the Origin and Intention of
Sacrifices); 'A Defense of the People); etc.
Hodell, Frans Oscar Leonard (ho'del). A
popular Swedish dramatist; born in Stockholm,
Aug. 13, 1840; died May 24, 1890. For ten years
he was an actor. His original and adapted
plays number nearly a hundred. Among the
most popular were : (Andersson, Petersson,
and Lundström (1866); (The Factory Girl
(1868); ( The Seamstresses) (1868); (Three Pairs
of Shoes) (1881). From 1870 until his death
he was editor of the Sunday Puck, a comic
paper.
Hoefer, Edmund (ho'fer). A German nov-
elist; born in Greifswald, Oct. 15, 1819; died
at Cannstadt, May 23, 1882. He studied phi-
lology and history at Heidelberg. In 1852 he
resided in Stuttgart, and was associated with
Hackländer in founding the Hausblätter. He
began early to write fiction, his first stories
appearing in collected form under the title
From the People, and proving very popular.
They were followed by "Out of the Old Time
and the New); (As the People Speak); and
(Days that Are no More. In 1858, the success
of Norien, the Recollections of an Old Wo.
man,' encouraged him to write a long story.
The novels that followed, especially (German
Hearts); 'The Demagogue); (The Lost Son);
and Lost in the World, have had a wide
circulation, but are marred by hasty execution.
He was a truthful delineator of character and
of the every-day life of the North-German
people.
Höegh-Guldberg, Frederick (hèch-göld'-
bāro). A Danish poet and philologist; born
in Copenhagen, March 26, 1771; died there,
Sept. 21, 1852. Son of the eminent statesman
Ove Höegh-Guldberg, he early became noted
for his patriotic poems, a collected edition of
which, in one volume, has sold extensively. He
is an authority on Danish grammar.
Hoey, Mrs. Frances Sarah. An Irish novel-
ist and translator; born at Bushy Park, in
Rathfarnham, County Dublin, Feb. 15. 1830.
She married, in 1846, the late Adam Murray
Stewart, Esq. , and in 1858, her present husband,
Mr. Cashel Hoey. Since 1860 she has been a
contributor to Chambers' Journal, Belgravia,
and other periodicals. She is the author of the
popular novels : "A House of Cards) (1863);
(A Golden Sorrow) (1872); (Out of Court
(1874); (The Blossoming of an Aloe) (1874;
new ed. 1880); “The Lover's Creed (1884); (A
Stern Chase) (1886). Among her translations
from the French are Memoirs of Madame de
Rémusat); (The King's Secret); (The Last
Days of the Consulate.
Hofdyk, Willem Jakobsz (hof'dik). A
Dutch historian and poet; born in Alkmaar,
June 27, 1816; died in Arnheim, Aug. 29, 1888.
As village schoolmaster his leisure was de.
voted to the study of Dutch philology, history,
and the arts. From 1850 to 1856 he was in-
structor in history and literature at the college
in Amsterdam. Among his numerous and valu-
able historical writings are : Historic Eras,
in Dutch annals; (The Netherlands People);
and Historical View of the Monasteries in the
Netherlands. The best of his poems is Ken.
nemerland); but his narrative poems Helene,
(Griffo de Salier, and some others would give
him a conspicuous place in Dutch literature.
Hoffman, Charles Fenno. An American
poet and novelist; born in New York, 1806;
died at Harrisburg, Pa. , June 7, 1884. He was
originally a lawyer. He founded the Knicker-
bocker Magazine, edited the Literary World,
and was owner and editor of the American
Magazine. His finest work was his songs, the
best known being (Sparkling and Bright, and
(The Myrtle and Steel. ' He wrote the novel
(Grayslaer) (1840). His complete poetical
works appeared in 1874.
Hoffman, David. An American lawyer, and
legal and historical writer; born at Baltimore,
Md. , Dec. 25, 1781; died in New York, Nov. II,
1854. He was professor of law in the Univer-
sity of Maryland 1817-36. He wrote (Chroni-
cles Selected from the Originals of Cartaphilus,
the Wandering Jew) (2 vols. , 1853), being the
beginning of what he intended to be a history
of the world but never completed ; (Thoughts
on Men and Things (1837); Viator, or a Peep
into my Note-Book) (1841); etc.
Hoffman, Wickham. An American soldier
and diplomatist; born in New York, 1821. He
served in the Civil War, was secretary of lega-
tion at Paris, London, St. Petersburg, and
minister to Denmark. He has written 'Camp,
Court, and Siege) (1877), narrating personal
## p. 268 (#284) ############################################
268
HOFFMANN - HOGAN
adventures and observations during the Civil
War, and the siege of Paris and the Commune;
(Leisure Hours in Russia' (1883).
Hoffmann, August Heinrich (hof'män), com-
monly called Hoffmann von Fallersleben. A
celebrated German philologist and poet; born
at Fallersleben, district of Luneburg, April 2,
1798; died at Castle of Korvei, on the Weser,
Prussia, Jan. 19, 1874. He was destined for
theology, but having made the acquaintance of
the brothers Grimm, he devoted himself to phil-
ological studies, and traveled through the
Rhine countries and Holland in search of popu-
lar poetry. In 1830 he was appointed pro-
fessor of German literature, but the publication
of his Unpolitical Songs! (1840-41), in spite
of their innocent title, led to his dismissal.
For several years afterward he wandered
through Europe until restored to favor in 1848.
His own Poems) (1834); (German Street
Songs) (1843); “Soldier Songs) (1851-52); etc. ,
are characterized by genuine simplicity and
pathos: and his other publications -- Belgian
Hours) (1830-52), a collection of Low German
folk-songs; Foundations for the History of
the German Language and Literature (1830-
37); History of German Church Hymn) (1832),
are of great philological value.
Hoffmann, Ernest Theodor Amadeus (ori-
ginally Wilhelm). One of the most original
of German story-tellers; born at Königsberg,
Prussia, Jan. 24, 1776 ; died in Berlin, 1822. He
led an irregular, dissipated life; ranging at
different times from councilor in the Supreme
Court at Posen, - where his cleverness at
caricature led to his dismissal,— musical con-
ductor at Warsaw, and scene painter. In 1816,
having secured a clerical appointment at Ber-
lin, he settled down to a quiet life, but weak-
ened by the excesses of his early career, died
in 1822. The magic and demoniac element
pervades the majority of his works, among
which may be mentioned : (The Devil's Elixir)
(1816); Night Pieces) (1817); Fantastic Pieces
in Callot's Manner); (The Brothers of Sera-
pion. ' *
Hoffmann, Franz. A German writer of
juvenile stories; born in Bernburg, Feb. 21,
1814; died in Dresden, July II, 1882. He was
partner with his brother Karl in the book
business, but subsequently traveled about and
supported himself by writing stories for child-
His many books have attained wide pop-
ularity, and not a few have been translated
into all civilized tongues. He founded a pop-
ular periodical for children, Neuer Deutsche
Jugendfreund.
Hoffmann, Hans. A German novelist and
poet; born in Stettin, July 27, 1848. He studied
philology at Bonn and in Italy, and became a
professor at the Stettin Academy after the
publication in 1871 of his noteworthy disser-
tation on the Nibelungen. After a brilliant
career as an educator, he began, in 1878, the
writing of novels and lyrics which rapidly won
him reputation. His first fiction was on
Italian theme, (Under Blue Skies) (1881).
Among others, Brigitta von Wisby, Ivan
the Terrible and his Dog,' and a humorous
romance, (The Iron Captain of the Horse,'
met with favor. (Landsturm) is a tragic tale.
His 'In Life's Path) and other volumes of
lyrics and narrative poems won instant appre-
ciation.
Hoffmann, Heinrich. A German physician
and humorist; born in Frankfort-on-the-Main,
June 21, 1809; died there, Sept. 20, 1894. He
made a practice of drawing comical pictures
to amuse children while treating their com-
plaints. These were published in 1845 under
the title of (Struwwelpeter,' which has gone
through 140 editions and was reproduced in
nearly every country of Europe, with transla-
tions of the humorous letterpress. He also
published several volumes of drama and verse
under the assumed name of Donner. ”
Hofmann von Hofmannswaldau, Christian
(hof'män fon hof'mäns-väld'ou). A German
poet; born in Breslau, Dec. 25, 1617; died there,
April 18, 1679. After traveling through Eng-
land, France, and Italy, he returned to Breslau,
and although not of legal age was chosen to
the legislative chamber, of which he afterwards
became the presiding officer. He was in the
diplomatic service for a time. His literary
work comprises odes, epigrams, wedding songs,
and the like. His Occasional Poems) and
(Hero Letters) are admirable, although be-
traying English influence. He was the great
reformer of what is known as the Silesian
school of poetic art, and may be said to have
founded a distinct movement in German liter-
ature.
Hofmann, Friedrich (hof'män). A Ger-
man editor and miscellaneous writer; born in
Coburg, April 18, 1813; died at Ilmenau, Aug.
14, 1888. After graduating at Jena he formed
a connection with the editorial staff of Meyer's
(Konversations-Lexikon, and subsequently
with other important educational undertakings.
He wrote (The Battle of Focksan,' a drama;
(Childhood Joys,' poems; (The Harp in the
Storm,' a work of a historical nature; (The
Rat Catcher of Hameln); and many other
productions.
Hogan, James Francis. An Irish journal.
ist, statesman, and author. He was born at
Nenagh, Tipperary, in 1855, and while still an
infant was taken by his parents to Australia.
He was educated at St. Patrick's College, Mel-
bourne, and in 1881 joined the staff of the
Melbourne Argus, besides contributing to other
journals and colonial periodicals. In 1893 he
was elected a Member of Parliament for the
Mid Division of Tipperary, and organized the
Colonial Party. He is the author of (An Aus-
tralian Christmas Collection (1886); History
of the Irish in Australia) (1887); ( The Austral-
ian in London) (1888); (The Lost Explorer
(1890); (The Convict King' (1891), the last
two being romantic stories of Australian ad.
venture.
.
ren.
an
## p. 269 (#285) ############################################
HOGG-HOLINSHED
269
a
Hogg, James. A Scotch pastoral poet; born
in Ettrick, Dec. 1 (or Nov. I, not Jan. 25, 1772),
1770; died at Eltrive Lake, Nov. 21, 1835.
He was an “Ettrick shepherd » from his sev-
enth year, and so remained, notwithstanding
various ineffectual efforts to become an Ettrick
farmer. In (Scottish Pastorals, Poems and
Songs,' and (The Mountain Bard' his essen-
tially Caledonian and pastoral quality finds
happy expression, but “The Queen's Wake) is
his masterpiece. *
Hohenhausen, Baroness Elizabeth Philip-
pine Amalie (ho''en-hous'en). A German poet,
dramatist, and romancer; born in Waldau, near
Cassel, Nov. 4, 1789; died at Frankfort-on-the-
Oder, Dec. 2, 1857. Her father was General
Adam Ludwig von Ochs, and in 1809 she mar-
ried Baron Leopold von Hohenhausen, who
left her a widow in 1848. Her poetry was pub-
lished in 1817, under the title (Flowers of
Spring. Nature, Art, and Life) is a volume
of her recollections, and John and Cornelius
de Witt) is a historical play of merit.
Holbach, Paul Heinrich Dietrich, Baron
von (G. pron. holbäch; F. pron. Õl-bäk'). A
French philosopher and writer; born at Hei-
delsheim, in the Palatinate, in 1723; died June
21, 1789. He inherited great wealth from his
father, and entertained in his elegant house a
number of eminent writers and thinkers of the
day, among them Rousseau, Diderot, and Buf-
fon. He was himself a man of no ordinary
talent, and held materialistic and atheistic views
characteristic of the period preceding the French
Revolution, which are expounded in Christian.
ity Unveiled” (1767); (Spirit of the Clergy)
(1767); (Sacerdotal Imposture (1767); (The
System of Nature (1770); (The Social System)
(1773).
Holberg, Ludwig (hol'berg). A Danish poet,
and father of Danish comedy”; born in Ber-
gen, Norway, Dec. 3, 1684; died at Copenhagen,
Jan. 28, 1754. He wrote: Peder Paars) ( 1719-
20), a mock-epic poem ; (Plutus); «Ulysses von
Ithacia); Melampe); (The Arabian Powder);
(Without Head or Tail); (Witchcraft); (The
Busy Man); “The Fickle-Minded Woman;
(Jean de France, directed against the aping
of French fashions; (The Proper Ambition);
Henrich og Pernille); (The Political Pew-
terer, a satire on labor politics )); “Erasmus
Montanus); “The Fortunate Shipwreck); etc.
He also published "History of the Kingdom
of Denmark); (Hero Stories); etc. *
Holcroft, Thomas. An English dramatic
author and adapter ; born in London, Dec. 10,
1745; died there, March 23, 1809. By turn stable
boy, school usher, journalist, and strolling actor,
he began to write for the stage about 1778.
( The Road to Ruin, the best of his many
plays, was staged in 1792. At its last London
revival in 1873 it ran nearly four consecutive
months. His Tale of Mystery) (1802) brought
into favor the melodrama, which has kept the
stage ever since. He translated the (Mariage
de Figaro) and other French and German
plays. He left (Memoirs) pronounced by
Thomas Moore the most interesting in the
language.
Holden, Edward Singleton. A prominent
American educator, and writer on scientific and
Oriental topics; born at St. Louis, Mo. , Nov. 5,
1846. He became president of the University
of California in 1886. Until 1897 he was as-
tronomer in charge of the Lick Observatory
at Mount Hamilton, connected with the Uni-
versity of California. He has published : Life
of Sir William Herschel); (The Mogul Em-
perors of Hindustan); and numerous mono-
graphs on his varied studies.
Holder, Charles Frederick. An American
popular writer and lecturer on natural history;
born at Lynn, Mass. , 1851. He was assistant
at the American Museum of Natural History,
New York, from 1870 to 1877. He has written:
(Marvels of Animal Life) (1886); Wonder
Wings) (1887); (A Frozen Dragon, and Other
Tales) (1888), a natural-history story-book for
young people; Life of Agassiz); etc.
Hölderlin, Friedrich (hel'der-lin). A Ger-
man poet; born in Lauffen-am-Necker, March
20, 1770; died at Tübingen, June 7, 1843. He
was a profound Greek scholar, and an instructor
at Jena, afterwards private tutor. He was inti-
mate with Goethe, Herder, and Schiller, the lat-
ter of whom influenced him strongly. Later he
traveled in Holland, Switzerland, and France,
showing upon his return symptoms of mental
decay which necessitated his being placed
under restraint. (Hyperion, or the Hermit in
Greece) (1797) is a brilliant story in epistolary
form ; (Empedocles) an unfinished drama; and
(Emily before her Bridal Day) a prose idyl.
His translations of the (Antigone) and (Edi-
pus) are powerful, and faithful to the Hellenic
spirit. Other works are: (German Men and
Women, a series of studies; and several vol-
umes of (Poems. )
Hole, Samuel Reynolds. An English cler-
gyman, lecturer, and author; born Dec. 5, 1819.
He was ordained a curate in his native parish
in 1844, became canon of Lincoln 1875, and
in 1887 was appointed to the deanery of Roches-
ter. He has done much to promote the influ-
ence of the Church of England as the church
of the poor, and has advocated the principles
of the Free and Open Church Association.
As a lecturer he is well known to American
audiences. Among his works are: A Little
Tour in Ireland) (1858), illustrated by John
Leech; (A Book About Roses) (1809; 8th ed.
1884), an authority on the subject and trans-
lated into several languages; (Nice and her
Neighbors) (1881); Memories of Dean Hole)
(1892).
Holinshed, Raphael (hol'inz-hed). An Eng.
lish chronicler; born at Bosley, Cheshire (? ),
about 1520 (? ); died at Bramcote (? ), 1580 (? ).
Nothing is known of his personality. The
famous Chronicles ) --- not wholly his, however
- reveal an accomplished historical student,
## p. 270 (#286) ############################################
HOLLAND- HOLMES
270
1
specially versed in Scotch affairs, which knowl- Hollingshead, John. An English journalist,
edge, however, may have been drawn from theatrical manager, and author; born in Lon-
previous workers. The Elizabethan dramatists, don, Sept. 9, 1827. He was a constant con-
especially Shakespeare, drew largely on this tributor to Household Words, All the Year
work for material. *
Round, etc. In 1808 he became lessee and
Holland, Frederick May. An American
manager of the Gaiety Theatre, and now con-
Unitarian divine and miscellaneous writer;
trols many theatrical enterprises in London
born at Boston, 1836. He has written : (The
and the provinces. Besides several original
and adapted plays, his works include: "Under
Reign of the Stoics) (1879), giving their his-
tory, religion, maxims,
Bow Bells) (1859); Rubbing the Gilt Off!
etc. ; "Stories from
(1860); Ragged London) (1861); Miscella-
Browning (1882); Life of Frederick Doug-
lass); “Rise of Intellectual Liberty from Thales
nies: Stories and Essays) (1874); (Footlights)
to Copernicus); etc.
(1883).
Hollister, Gideon Hiram.
Holland, Henry Scott. An English clergy-
An American
man and religious writer ; born at Ledbury,
lawyer and miscellaneous writer; born at Wash-
Herefordshire, in 1847. He was a theological
ington, Conn. , 1817; died 1881. His home was
in Litchfield, Conn. He was minister to Hayti
tutor at Christ Church, Oxford (1872-85); be-
1868-00.
came canon of Truro in 1882, and in 1884 canon,
He wrote: Mount Hope) (1851), a
historical romance; History of Connecticut' (2
afterwards precentor, of St. Paul's. His pub-
lished sermons and addresses include: (Logic
vols. , 1855); (Thomas à Becket, a Tragedy;
and Life) (1882); Creed and Character) (1886);
and Other Poems) (1866); and (Kinley Hol-
(Christ and Ecclesiastes) (1887); (On Behalf
low) (1882), a novel, published posthumously.
of Belief) (1888); (Pleas and Claims) (1893). Holloway, Mrs. Laura (Carter). An Amer-
ican editor and miscellaneous writer; born at
V Holland, Josiah Gilbert. A noted Amer-
Nashville, Tenn. , 1848. She was for twelve
ican poet, novelist, and editor; born at Belcher-
years associate editor of the Brooklyn Daily
town, Mass. , July 24, 1819; died in New York,
Eagle. She has written : (Ladies of the White
Oct. 12, 1881. He left the practice of medicine
House) (new ed. 1880); (The Mothers of Great
to become editor of the Springfield Republican,
Men and Women, and Some Wives of Great
which position he held from 1849 to 1866. lle
Men (1883); (The Home in Poetry) (1884);
was editor of Scribner's Monthly, later the
Chinese Gordon (1885); (An Hour with
Century Magazine, 1870-81. Among his prose
Charlotte Bronté); (The Buddhist Diet Book);
works are : "Life of Abraham Lincoln); Let-
ters to the Young); (Plain Talks on Familiar
Subjects ); (Gold Foil); and the novels (Arthur Holmes, Abiel. An American Congrega-
Bonnicastle, (Sevenoaks, and Nicholas Min- tional divine and historical writer; father of
turn. His poems are published under the Oliver Wendell Holmes; born at Woodstock,
titles: "Bitter-Sweet); (Kathrina); (The Mis- Conn. , Dec. 24, 1763; died at Cambridge, Mass. ,
tress of the Manse); (Garnered Sheaves); and June 4, 1837. He was pastor of the First Church,
(The Puritan's Guest. Part of his poems were Cambridge, Mass. He wrote: Life of Ezra
written under the pseudonym “Timothy Tit- Stiles) (1798); (Annals of America) (enlarged
comb. ) *
ed. 1829), a work of enduring value ; (Memoir
of the French Protestants'; etc.
Holland, Thomas Erskine. An English ju-
rist; born at Brighton, July 17, 1835. He was Holmes, Mrs. Mary Jane (Hawes). An
educated at Oxford; was called to the bar in American novelist; born at Brooktield, Mass. ,
1803; and in 1874 was elected Chichele pro- 18— A voluminous writer, her works are
fessor of international law, which post he still mostly domestic in character, and moral in tend-
holds. He is a member of several foreign ency. Some of them are said to have had a
societies, and the recipient of honorary degrees circulation of over 50,000 copies. Among them
from Oxford, Bologna, and Dublin. His mon- are: (Tempest and Sunshine) (1854); "Lena
umental work is (The Elements of Jurispru- Rivers) (1856); Marian Gray) (1863); (Mil-
dence) (1880), now in its sixth edition, which bank) (1871); Queenie Hetherton' (1883);
has become a text-book in most English and etc. She was for a number of years a resident
American universities. Among his other pub- of Kentucky; her present home is at Brock-
lications the most notable are: (An Essay on
Composition Deeds) (1864); (The Institutes of V Holmes, Oliver Wendell.
Justinian) (1873); (The European Concert in
An American
the Eastern Question (1885); (A Manual of
man of letters; born at Cambridge, Mass. , Aug.
Naval Prize Law) (1888), issued by authority
29, 1809; died at Boston, Oct. 7, 1894. His
of the Lords of the Admiralty.
poetical works include : Poems) (1836); (l'ra-
nia! (1840); (Astræa: the Balance of Illu-
Holley, Marietta. An American writer of sions) (1850); “Songs in Many Keys) (1861);
humorous stories; born in Ellisburg, N. Y. , 1844. (Songs of Many Seasons) (1875); (The Iron
The most noted of her works are: (My Opin- Gate) (1880). In prose he wrote: (The Auto-
jons and Betsey Bobbet's) (1872), and "Josiah crat of the Breakfast Table) (1859); (The
Allen's Wife) (1878), both of which had an Professor at the Breakfast Table) (1860); (The
extensive sale.
Poet at the Breakfast Table) (1872); which had
etc.
(
port, N. Y.
## p. 271 (#287) ############################################
HOLST - HOMES
271
all previously appeared serially in the Atlantic
Monthly. He wrote, also, the novels (Elsie
Venner) (1861) and (The Guardian Angel
(1868). His other prose works, exclusive of his
numerous writings on medical science, are :
(Soundings from the Atlantic) (1864); (Mech-
anism in Thought and Morals) (1871); John
Lothrop Motley) (1879); (Ralph Waldo Emer-
son (1884); (A Mortal Antipathy) (1885); “Our
Hundred Days in Europe) (1887); (Over the
Teacups) (1891); numerous prefaces and intro-
ductions to special volumes; etc. His works
on medicine are likewise important, for Dr.
Holmes was by profession a physician, and in
1847 was made professor of anatomy and phys-
iology in the medical school of Harvard. *
Holst, Hans Peter (hölst). A Danish poet
and novelist; born in Copenhagen, Oct. 22,
1811; died near that city, June 2, 1893. He was
made professor of language and literature at
the Copenhagen Academy, 1836, and traveled
through Europe later at government expense.
His writings are exceedingly varied, elegant,
and tasteful. The Poem in Memory of Fred-
eric IV. , (Recollections of Travel, Poems,
and National Legends, represent his early
work. (Gioacchino,' a drama of merit; (Sicil.
ian Types and Characters,' a sketch of scenery
and manners; and Eros,' a collection of lyrics,
have also spread his fame.
Holst, Hermann Eduard von. A German-
American historian ; born at Fellin, Livonia,
Russia, June 19, 1841.
Hinton, James. A famous English surgeon
and philosophical essayist; born at Reading,
1822; died 1875. He was noted as an aurist.
He visited the United States in 1850. His
great work (The Mystery of Pain : a Book for
the Sorrowful' appeared in 1866. Other notable
productions were : (Art of Thinking' (1879);
(Philosophy and Religion (1881); etc.
Hippeau, Célestin (ē-po'). A French edu-
cator and author; born at Niort, Deux-Sèvres,
May 11, 1803; died in Paris, May 31, 1883.
He filled different positions as a teacher and
professor at Strasburg, Paris, Caen, etc. , and
was sent to England and the United States
by the minister of public instruction to study
their educational systems. His publications on
educational and literary subjects include : Nor-
Writers of the Seventeenth Century)
man
## p. 266 (#282) ############################################
266
HIPPEL- HOBBES
over.
(1857); History of the Government of Nor-
mandy) (9 vols. , 1863-73); Public Instruction
in the United States) (1869); Dictionary of
the French Language in the Twelfth and
Thirteenth Centuries) (1873).
Hippel, Theodor Gottlieb von (hip’pel). A
German sociological and ethical writer, ro-
mancer, and jurisconsult; born in Gerdauen,
East Prussia, Jan. 31, 1741; died at Königsberg,
April 23, 1796. His great but singularly con-
tradictory character is revealed in his many
writings. His best-known work is on Mar-
riage. Other productions include : (The Edu-
cation of Woman); (The Civil Emancipation
of Woman); and Biographies in the Ascend-
ing Line, with Supplements A, B, C, a pecul-
iar piece of fiction in which a sardonic humor
is combined with profound observation and
knowledge of life. A powerful political satire,
"Carpenter I. and Frederick II. , by John Henry
Frederick Quincetree, Wood Carver, of Han.
Printed at Solitude, and other similar
efforts, are characteristic exhibitions of his
strange genius.
Hirst, Henry Beck. An American lawyer
and writer of verse; born in Pennsylvania,
1813; died 1874. His home was in Philadel.
phia. He wrote 'Endymion, a Tale of Greece);
(The Penance of Roland”; (The Coming of
the Mammoth, and Other Poems. He also
published a Poetical Dictionary. ?
Hita, Gines Perez de (ē-tä'). A Spanish ro-
mantic historian of the sixteenth century, author
of the celebrated History of the Civil Wars
of Granada. He was of Murcian origin, and
fought bravely in the campaigns against the
Moors 1568–70. His History) is the first histori-
cal romance produced by the Spaniards, and re-
lates in picturesque and imaginative style, and
with exquisite purity of language, the events
leading up to the expulsion of the Moors from
Spain. The narrative is interspersed with de-
lightful legends and stories. The first portion
appeared in 1588, the last in 1604.
Hitchcock, Edward. American geologist
and author; born in Deerfield, Mass. , May 24,
1793; died at Amherst, Mass. , Feb. 27, 1864.
In the beginning of his career he was pastor
of a Congregational church in Conway, Mass.
He was made president of Amherst College
in 1845, but resigned in 1854, continuing his
professorship there till his death. Amherst Col-
lege owes to him the founding of its Museum of
Natural History, and his writings were among
the earliest to call attention in this country
to the study of geology. His Religion of
Geology and its Connected Sciences) marks
a distinct epoch in scientific study in this
country. He published also (Reminiscences of
Amherst College in 1863.
Hitchcock, Ethan Allen. An American
soldier and miscellaneous writer, grandson of
the famous patriot Ethan Allen; born at Ver-
gennes, V't. , May 18, 1798; died at Hancock,
Ga. , Aug. 5, 1870. A graduate of West Point,
he served in the Florida war, in the Mexican
War, and in the Civil War. He wrote: (The
Doctrines of Swedenborg and Spinoza Identi-
fied) (1846); "On the Sonnets of Shakespeare
(1865); "On the Vita Nuova of Dante) (1866);
etc.
Hitchcock, James Ripley Wellman. An
American writer on art, etc. ; born at Fitch-
burg, Mass. , 1857. His home is in New York.
He has written : (The Western Art Movement
(1885); A Study of George Genness) (1885);
(Madonnas by Old Masters) (1888), the text
to photogravures; (The Future of Etching);
(Some American Painters in Water Colors);
(Etching in America'; Notable Etchings by
American Artists); etc.
Hitchcock, Roswell Dwight. A distin-
guished American Congregational divine and
theologian ; born at East Machias, Me. , Aug.
15, 1817; died at Somerset, Mass. , June 16, 1887.
He was long president of Cnion Theological
Seminary. He wrote (Analysis of the Bible)
(1869); (Socialism? (1879); Life of Edward
Robinson'; “Hymns and Songs for Social and
Sabbath Worship'; Eternal Atonement) (with
Francis Brown); etc.
Hittell, John Shertzer. An American jour-
nalist and miscellaneous writer; born in Penn-
sylvania, 1825. Ilis home is in San Francisco.
He has written (Evidences Against Christian-
ity) (2d ed. , 2 vols. , 1857); Resources of Cali-
fornia) (6th ed. 1874); (A Brief History of
Culture) (1875); etc.
Hittell, Theodore Henry. An American
lawyer and historian, brother of John Shertzer;
born in Pennsylvania, 1830. His home is in
San Francisco. Besides valuable legal works,
including (General Laws of California 1850-64
(1868), commonly known as "Hittell's Digest,'
he has published a critical review of (Goethe's
Faust) (1872); the important History of Cali-
fornia) (4 vols. , 1885 97); etc.
Hlinka, Vojtech (Adalbert] (lēng'kä). A
Czech story-writer; born in Nekrasin, near
Neuhaus, Bohemia, April 17, 1817. He was a
Catholic chaplain at Hrádek. For the past
thirty years he has written stories and novels
in profusion under the pseudonym of "Fran-
tisek (Francis] Pravda," all of which deal with
life among the Czechs, and are exceedingly
popular with that people. The tales are of a
moral nature, and while lacking high qualities
of genius, merit notice as studies in a pleasing
school of realism.
Hoadly, Benjamin. An English dramatist;
born in London, Feb. 10, 1706; died at Chelsea,
Aug. 10, 1757. He was educated at Cambridge.
He settled in London and became a Fellow of
the College of Physicians. Among his works
are the “Suspicious Husband (1747), a comedy
which was well received. He also wrote (The
Tatlers,' and assisted Hogarth in his Analysis
of Beauty.
Hobbes, John Oliver, pseudonym of Pearl
Richards Craigie, an English novelist; born
((
a
## p. 267 (#283) ############################################
HOBBES - HOFFMAN
267
18–. She has published: (The Sinner's Com-
edy); “Some Emotions and a Moral); (A Study
in Temptations); (A Bundle of Life); (The
Ilarvest Moon'; etc.
Hobbes, Thomas. An English philosopher;
born in Malmesbury, April 5, 1588; died at
Hardwick Hall, Derbyshire, Dec. 4, 1679. One
of the greatest and most discriminating intel-
lects employed on metaphysical and social
analyses in any age, his thought has left deep
traces on all related speculation since, even
when adverse. Of his voluminous works, ex-
pository and controversial, carried on in the
leisure of aristocratic patronage to extreme old
age, the most vigorously living one to be con-
stantly reckoned with is (Leviathan,' dealing
with the origins, functions, and possibilities of
human society, conceived as an organism. *
Hobhouse, John Cam, Lord Broughton. An
English statesman and miscellaneous writer;
born at Redland, near Bristol, June 27, 1786;
died in London, June 3, 1869. He was Secre-
tary of War in 1831, and Secretary of State
for Ireland in 1833. He was one of Lord
Byron's most intimate friends. He wrote: (His-
torical Illustrations of the Fourth Canto of
Childe Harold)(2d ed. 1818); Journey into
Albania) (1813); "Letters Written by an Eng-
lishman During the Last Reign of Napoleon
(1810); Essay on the Origin and Intention of
Sacrifices); 'A Defense of the People); etc.
Hodell, Frans Oscar Leonard (ho'del). A
popular Swedish dramatist; born in Stockholm,
Aug. 13, 1840; died May 24, 1890. For ten years
he was an actor. His original and adapted
plays number nearly a hundred. Among the
most popular were : (Andersson, Petersson,
and Lundström (1866); (The Factory Girl
(1868); ( The Seamstresses) (1868); (Three Pairs
of Shoes) (1881). From 1870 until his death
he was editor of the Sunday Puck, a comic
paper.
Hoefer, Edmund (ho'fer). A German nov-
elist; born in Greifswald, Oct. 15, 1819; died
at Cannstadt, May 23, 1882. He studied phi-
lology and history at Heidelberg. In 1852 he
resided in Stuttgart, and was associated with
Hackländer in founding the Hausblätter. He
began early to write fiction, his first stories
appearing in collected form under the title
From the People, and proving very popular.
They were followed by "Out of the Old Time
and the New); (As the People Speak); and
(Days that Are no More. In 1858, the success
of Norien, the Recollections of an Old Wo.
man,' encouraged him to write a long story.
The novels that followed, especially (German
Hearts); 'The Demagogue); (The Lost Son);
and Lost in the World, have had a wide
circulation, but are marred by hasty execution.
He was a truthful delineator of character and
of the every-day life of the North-German
people.
Höegh-Guldberg, Frederick (hèch-göld'-
bāro). A Danish poet and philologist; born
in Copenhagen, March 26, 1771; died there,
Sept. 21, 1852. Son of the eminent statesman
Ove Höegh-Guldberg, he early became noted
for his patriotic poems, a collected edition of
which, in one volume, has sold extensively. He
is an authority on Danish grammar.
Hoey, Mrs. Frances Sarah. An Irish novel-
ist and translator; born at Bushy Park, in
Rathfarnham, County Dublin, Feb. 15. 1830.
She married, in 1846, the late Adam Murray
Stewart, Esq. , and in 1858, her present husband,
Mr. Cashel Hoey. Since 1860 she has been a
contributor to Chambers' Journal, Belgravia,
and other periodicals. She is the author of the
popular novels : "A House of Cards) (1863);
(A Golden Sorrow) (1872); (Out of Court
(1874); (The Blossoming of an Aloe) (1874;
new ed. 1880); “The Lover's Creed (1884); (A
Stern Chase) (1886). Among her translations
from the French are Memoirs of Madame de
Rémusat); (The King's Secret); (The Last
Days of the Consulate.
Hofdyk, Willem Jakobsz (hof'dik). A
Dutch historian and poet; born in Alkmaar,
June 27, 1816; died in Arnheim, Aug. 29, 1888.
As village schoolmaster his leisure was de.
voted to the study of Dutch philology, history,
and the arts. From 1850 to 1856 he was in-
structor in history and literature at the college
in Amsterdam. Among his numerous and valu-
able historical writings are : Historic Eras,
in Dutch annals; (The Netherlands People);
and Historical View of the Monasteries in the
Netherlands. The best of his poems is Ken.
nemerland); but his narrative poems Helene,
(Griffo de Salier, and some others would give
him a conspicuous place in Dutch literature.
Hoffman, Charles Fenno. An American
poet and novelist; born in New York, 1806;
died at Harrisburg, Pa. , June 7, 1884. He was
originally a lawyer. He founded the Knicker-
bocker Magazine, edited the Literary World,
and was owner and editor of the American
Magazine. His finest work was his songs, the
best known being (Sparkling and Bright, and
(The Myrtle and Steel. ' He wrote the novel
(Grayslaer) (1840). His complete poetical
works appeared in 1874.
Hoffman, David. An American lawyer, and
legal and historical writer; born at Baltimore,
Md. , Dec. 25, 1781; died in New York, Nov. II,
1854. He was professor of law in the Univer-
sity of Maryland 1817-36. He wrote (Chroni-
cles Selected from the Originals of Cartaphilus,
the Wandering Jew) (2 vols. , 1853), being the
beginning of what he intended to be a history
of the world but never completed ; (Thoughts
on Men and Things (1837); Viator, or a Peep
into my Note-Book) (1841); etc.
Hoffman, Wickham. An American soldier
and diplomatist; born in New York, 1821. He
served in the Civil War, was secretary of lega-
tion at Paris, London, St. Petersburg, and
minister to Denmark. He has written 'Camp,
Court, and Siege) (1877), narrating personal
## p. 268 (#284) ############################################
268
HOFFMANN - HOGAN
adventures and observations during the Civil
War, and the siege of Paris and the Commune;
(Leisure Hours in Russia' (1883).
Hoffmann, August Heinrich (hof'män), com-
monly called Hoffmann von Fallersleben. A
celebrated German philologist and poet; born
at Fallersleben, district of Luneburg, April 2,
1798; died at Castle of Korvei, on the Weser,
Prussia, Jan. 19, 1874. He was destined for
theology, but having made the acquaintance of
the brothers Grimm, he devoted himself to phil-
ological studies, and traveled through the
Rhine countries and Holland in search of popu-
lar poetry. In 1830 he was appointed pro-
fessor of German literature, but the publication
of his Unpolitical Songs! (1840-41), in spite
of their innocent title, led to his dismissal.
For several years afterward he wandered
through Europe until restored to favor in 1848.
His own Poems) (1834); (German Street
Songs) (1843); “Soldier Songs) (1851-52); etc. ,
are characterized by genuine simplicity and
pathos: and his other publications -- Belgian
Hours) (1830-52), a collection of Low German
folk-songs; Foundations for the History of
the German Language and Literature (1830-
37); History of German Church Hymn) (1832),
are of great philological value.
Hoffmann, Ernest Theodor Amadeus (ori-
ginally Wilhelm). One of the most original
of German story-tellers; born at Königsberg,
Prussia, Jan. 24, 1776 ; died in Berlin, 1822. He
led an irregular, dissipated life; ranging at
different times from councilor in the Supreme
Court at Posen, - where his cleverness at
caricature led to his dismissal,— musical con-
ductor at Warsaw, and scene painter. In 1816,
having secured a clerical appointment at Ber-
lin, he settled down to a quiet life, but weak-
ened by the excesses of his early career, died
in 1822. The magic and demoniac element
pervades the majority of his works, among
which may be mentioned : (The Devil's Elixir)
(1816); Night Pieces) (1817); Fantastic Pieces
in Callot's Manner); (The Brothers of Sera-
pion. ' *
Hoffmann, Franz. A German writer of
juvenile stories; born in Bernburg, Feb. 21,
1814; died in Dresden, July II, 1882. He was
partner with his brother Karl in the book
business, but subsequently traveled about and
supported himself by writing stories for child-
His many books have attained wide pop-
ularity, and not a few have been translated
into all civilized tongues. He founded a pop-
ular periodical for children, Neuer Deutsche
Jugendfreund.
Hoffmann, Hans. A German novelist and
poet; born in Stettin, July 27, 1848. He studied
philology at Bonn and in Italy, and became a
professor at the Stettin Academy after the
publication in 1871 of his noteworthy disser-
tation on the Nibelungen. After a brilliant
career as an educator, he began, in 1878, the
writing of novels and lyrics which rapidly won
him reputation. His first fiction was on
Italian theme, (Under Blue Skies) (1881).
Among others, Brigitta von Wisby, Ivan
the Terrible and his Dog,' and a humorous
romance, (The Iron Captain of the Horse,'
met with favor. (Landsturm) is a tragic tale.
His 'In Life's Path) and other volumes of
lyrics and narrative poems won instant appre-
ciation.
Hoffmann, Heinrich. A German physician
and humorist; born in Frankfort-on-the-Main,
June 21, 1809; died there, Sept. 20, 1894. He
made a practice of drawing comical pictures
to amuse children while treating their com-
plaints. These were published in 1845 under
the title of (Struwwelpeter,' which has gone
through 140 editions and was reproduced in
nearly every country of Europe, with transla-
tions of the humorous letterpress. He also
published several volumes of drama and verse
under the assumed name of Donner. ”
Hofmann von Hofmannswaldau, Christian
(hof'män fon hof'mäns-väld'ou). A German
poet; born in Breslau, Dec. 25, 1617; died there,
April 18, 1679. After traveling through Eng-
land, France, and Italy, he returned to Breslau,
and although not of legal age was chosen to
the legislative chamber, of which he afterwards
became the presiding officer. He was in the
diplomatic service for a time. His literary
work comprises odes, epigrams, wedding songs,
and the like. His Occasional Poems) and
(Hero Letters) are admirable, although be-
traying English influence. He was the great
reformer of what is known as the Silesian
school of poetic art, and may be said to have
founded a distinct movement in German liter-
ature.
Hofmann, Friedrich (hof'män). A Ger-
man editor and miscellaneous writer; born in
Coburg, April 18, 1813; died at Ilmenau, Aug.
14, 1888. After graduating at Jena he formed
a connection with the editorial staff of Meyer's
(Konversations-Lexikon, and subsequently
with other important educational undertakings.
He wrote (The Battle of Focksan,' a drama;
(Childhood Joys,' poems; (The Harp in the
Storm,' a work of a historical nature; (The
Rat Catcher of Hameln); and many other
productions.
Hogan, James Francis. An Irish journal.
ist, statesman, and author. He was born at
Nenagh, Tipperary, in 1855, and while still an
infant was taken by his parents to Australia.
He was educated at St. Patrick's College, Mel-
bourne, and in 1881 joined the staff of the
Melbourne Argus, besides contributing to other
journals and colonial periodicals. In 1893 he
was elected a Member of Parliament for the
Mid Division of Tipperary, and organized the
Colonial Party. He is the author of (An Aus-
tralian Christmas Collection (1886); History
of the Irish in Australia) (1887); ( The Austral-
ian in London) (1888); (The Lost Explorer
(1890); (The Convict King' (1891), the last
two being romantic stories of Australian ad.
venture.
.
ren.
an
## p. 269 (#285) ############################################
HOGG-HOLINSHED
269
a
Hogg, James. A Scotch pastoral poet; born
in Ettrick, Dec. 1 (or Nov. I, not Jan. 25, 1772),
1770; died at Eltrive Lake, Nov. 21, 1835.
He was an “Ettrick shepherd » from his sev-
enth year, and so remained, notwithstanding
various ineffectual efforts to become an Ettrick
farmer. In (Scottish Pastorals, Poems and
Songs,' and (The Mountain Bard' his essen-
tially Caledonian and pastoral quality finds
happy expression, but “The Queen's Wake) is
his masterpiece. *
Hohenhausen, Baroness Elizabeth Philip-
pine Amalie (ho''en-hous'en). A German poet,
dramatist, and romancer; born in Waldau, near
Cassel, Nov. 4, 1789; died at Frankfort-on-the-
Oder, Dec. 2, 1857. Her father was General
Adam Ludwig von Ochs, and in 1809 she mar-
ried Baron Leopold von Hohenhausen, who
left her a widow in 1848. Her poetry was pub-
lished in 1817, under the title (Flowers of
Spring. Nature, Art, and Life) is a volume
of her recollections, and John and Cornelius
de Witt) is a historical play of merit.
Holbach, Paul Heinrich Dietrich, Baron
von (G. pron. holbäch; F. pron. Õl-bäk'). A
French philosopher and writer; born at Hei-
delsheim, in the Palatinate, in 1723; died June
21, 1789. He inherited great wealth from his
father, and entertained in his elegant house a
number of eminent writers and thinkers of the
day, among them Rousseau, Diderot, and Buf-
fon. He was himself a man of no ordinary
talent, and held materialistic and atheistic views
characteristic of the period preceding the French
Revolution, which are expounded in Christian.
ity Unveiled” (1767); (Spirit of the Clergy)
(1767); (Sacerdotal Imposture (1767); (The
System of Nature (1770); (The Social System)
(1773).
Holberg, Ludwig (hol'berg). A Danish poet,
and father of Danish comedy”; born in Ber-
gen, Norway, Dec. 3, 1684; died at Copenhagen,
Jan. 28, 1754. He wrote: Peder Paars) ( 1719-
20), a mock-epic poem ; (Plutus); «Ulysses von
Ithacia); Melampe); (The Arabian Powder);
(Without Head or Tail); (Witchcraft); (The
Busy Man); “The Fickle-Minded Woman;
(Jean de France, directed against the aping
of French fashions; (The Proper Ambition);
Henrich og Pernille); (The Political Pew-
terer, a satire on labor politics )); “Erasmus
Montanus); “The Fortunate Shipwreck); etc.
He also published "History of the Kingdom
of Denmark); (Hero Stories); etc. *
Holcroft, Thomas. An English dramatic
author and adapter ; born in London, Dec. 10,
1745; died there, March 23, 1809. By turn stable
boy, school usher, journalist, and strolling actor,
he began to write for the stage about 1778.
( The Road to Ruin, the best of his many
plays, was staged in 1792. At its last London
revival in 1873 it ran nearly four consecutive
months. His Tale of Mystery) (1802) brought
into favor the melodrama, which has kept the
stage ever since. He translated the (Mariage
de Figaro) and other French and German
plays. He left (Memoirs) pronounced by
Thomas Moore the most interesting in the
language.
Holden, Edward Singleton. A prominent
American educator, and writer on scientific and
Oriental topics; born at St. Louis, Mo. , Nov. 5,
1846. He became president of the University
of California in 1886. Until 1897 he was as-
tronomer in charge of the Lick Observatory
at Mount Hamilton, connected with the Uni-
versity of California. He has published : Life
of Sir William Herschel); (The Mogul Em-
perors of Hindustan); and numerous mono-
graphs on his varied studies.
Holder, Charles Frederick. An American
popular writer and lecturer on natural history;
born at Lynn, Mass. , 1851. He was assistant
at the American Museum of Natural History,
New York, from 1870 to 1877. He has written:
(Marvels of Animal Life) (1886); Wonder
Wings) (1887); (A Frozen Dragon, and Other
Tales) (1888), a natural-history story-book for
young people; Life of Agassiz); etc.
Hölderlin, Friedrich (hel'der-lin). A Ger-
man poet; born in Lauffen-am-Necker, March
20, 1770; died at Tübingen, June 7, 1843. He
was a profound Greek scholar, and an instructor
at Jena, afterwards private tutor. He was inti-
mate with Goethe, Herder, and Schiller, the lat-
ter of whom influenced him strongly. Later he
traveled in Holland, Switzerland, and France,
showing upon his return symptoms of mental
decay which necessitated his being placed
under restraint. (Hyperion, or the Hermit in
Greece) (1797) is a brilliant story in epistolary
form ; (Empedocles) an unfinished drama; and
(Emily before her Bridal Day) a prose idyl.
His translations of the (Antigone) and (Edi-
pus) are powerful, and faithful to the Hellenic
spirit. Other works are: (German Men and
Women, a series of studies; and several vol-
umes of (Poems. )
Hole, Samuel Reynolds. An English cler-
gyman, lecturer, and author; born Dec. 5, 1819.
He was ordained a curate in his native parish
in 1844, became canon of Lincoln 1875, and
in 1887 was appointed to the deanery of Roches-
ter. He has done much to promote the influ-
ence of the Church of England as the church
of the poor, and has advocated the principles
of the Free and Open Church Association.
As a lecturer he is well known to American
audiences. Among his works are: A Little
Tour in Ireland) (1858), illustrated by John
Leech; (A Book About Roses) (1809; 8th ed.
1884), an authority on the subject and trans-
lated into several languages; (Nice and her
Neighbors) (1881); Memories of Dean Hole)
(1892).
Holinshed, Raphael (hol'inz-hed). An Eng.
lish chronicler; born at Bosley, Cheshire (? ),
about 1520 (? ); died at Bramcote (? ), 1580 (? ).
Nothing is known of his personality. The
famous Chronicles ) --- not wholly his, however
- reveal an accomplished historical student,
## p. 270 (#286) ############################################
HOLLAND- HOLMES
270
1
specially versed in Scotch affairs, which knowl- Hollingshead, John. An English journalist,
edge, however, may have been drawn from theatrical manager, and author; born in Lon-
previous workers. The Elizabethan dramatists, don, Sept. 9, 1827. He was a constant con-
especially Shakespeare, drew largely on this tributor to Household Words, All the Year
work for material. *
Round, etc. In 1808 he became lessee and
Holland, Frederick May. An American
manager of the Gaiety Theatre, and now con-
Unitarian divine and miscellaneous writer;
trols many theatrical enterprises in London
born at Boston, 1836. He has written : (The
and the provinces. Besides several original
and adapted plays, his works include: "Under
Reign of the Stoics) (1879), giving their his-
tory, religion, maxims,
Bow Bells) (1859); Rubbing the Gilt Off!
etc. ; "Stories from
(1860); Ragged London) (1861); Miscella-
Browning (1882); Life of Frederick Doug-
lass); “Rise of Intellectual Liberty from Thales
nies: Stories and Essays) (1874); (Footlights)
to Copernicus); etc.
(1883).
Hollister, Gideon Hiram.
Holland, Henry Scott. An English clergy-
An American
man and religious writer ; born at Ledbury,
lawyer and miscellaneous writer; born at Wash-
Herefordshire, in 1847. He was a theological
ington, Conn. , 1817; died 1881. His home was
in Litchfield, Conn. He was minister to Hayti
tutor at Christ Church, Oxford (1872-85); be-
1868-00.
came canon of Truro in 1882, and in 1884 canon,
He wrote: Mount Hope) (1851), a
historical romance; History of Connecticut' (2
afterwards precentor, of St. Paul's. His pub-
lished sermons and addresses include: (Logic
vols. , 1855); (Thomas à Becket, a Tragedy;
and Life) (1882); Creed and Character) (1886);
and Other Poems) (1866); and (Kinley Hol-
(Christ and Ecclesiastes) (1887); (On Behalf
low) (1882), a novel, published posthumously.
of Belief) (1888); (Pleas and Claims) (1893). Holloway, Mrs. Laura (Carter). An Amer-
ican editor and miscellaneous writer; born at
V Holland, Josiah Gilbert. A noted Amer-
Nashville, Tenn. , 1848. She was for twelve
ican poet, novelist, and editor; born at Belcher-
years associate editor of the Brooklyn Daily
town, Mass. , July 24, 1819; died in New York,
Eagle. She has written : (Ladies of the White
Oct. 12, 1881. He left the practice of medicine
House) (new ed. 1880); (The Mothers of Great
to become editor of the Springfield Republican,
Men and Women, and Some Wives of Great
which position he held from 1849 to 1866. lle
Men (1883); (The Home in Poetry) (1884);
was editor of Scribner's Monthly, later the
Chinese Gordon (1885); (An Hour with
Century Magazine, 1870-81. Among his prose
Charlotte Bronté); (The Buddhist Diet Book);
works are : "Life of Abraham Lincoln); Let-
ters to the Young); (Plain Talks on Familiar
Subjects ); (Gold Foil); and the novels (Arthur Holmes, Abiel. An American Congrega-
Bonnicastle, (Sevenoaks, and Nicholas Min- tional divine and historical writer; father of
turn. His poems are published under the Oliver Wendell Holmes; born at Woodstock,
titles: "Bitter-Sweet); (Kathrina); (The Mis- Conn. , Dec. 24, 1763; died at Cambridge, Mass. ,
tress of the Manse); (Garnered Sheaves); and June 4, 1837. He was pastor of the First Church,
(The Puritan's Guest. Part of his poems were Cambridge, Mass. He wrote: Life of Ezra
written under the pseudonym “Timothy Tit- Stiles) (1798); (Annals of America) (enlarged
comb. ) *
ed. 1829), a work of enduring value ; (Memoir
of the French Protestants'; etc.
Holland, Thomas Erskine. An English ju-
rist; born at Brighton, July 17, 1835. He was Holmes, Mrs. Mary Jane (Hawes). An
educated at Oxford; was called to the bar in American novelist; born at Brooktield, Mass. ,
1803; and in 1874 was elected Chichele pro- 18— A voluminous writer, her works are
fessor of international law, which post he still mostly domestic in character, and moral in tend-
holds. He is a member of several foreign ency. Some of them are said to have had a
societies, and the recipient of honorary degrees circulation of over 50,000 copies. Among them
from Oxford, Bologna, and Dublin. His mon- are: (Tempest and Sunshine) (1854); "Lena
umental work is (The Elements of Jurispru- Rivers) (1856); Marian Gray) (1863); (Mil-
dence) (1880), now in its sixth edition, which bank) (1871); Queenie Hetherton' (1883);
has become a text-book in most English and etc. She was for a number of years a resident
American universities. Among his other pub- of Kentucky; her present home is at Brock-
lications the most notable are: (An Essay on
Composition Deeds) (1864); (The Institutes of V Holmes, Oliver Wendell.
Justinian) (1873); (The European Concert in
An American
the Eastern Question (1885); (A Manual of
man of letters; born at Cambridge, Mass. , Aug.
Naval Prize Law) (1888), issued by authority
29, 1809; died at Boston, Oct. 7, 1894. His
of the Lords of the Admiralty.
poetical works include : Poems) (1836); (l'ra-
nia! (1840); (Astræa: the Balance of Illu-
Holley, Marietta. An American writer of sions) (1850); “Songs in Many Keys) (1861);
humorous stories; born in Ellisburg, N. Y. , 1844. (Songs of Many Seasons) (1875); (The Iron
The most noted of her works are: (My Opin- Gate) (1880). In prose he wrote: (The Auto-
jons and Betsey Bobbet's) (1872), and "Josiah crat of the Breakfast Table) (1859); (The
Allen's Wife) (1878), both of which had an Professor at the Breakfast Table) (1860); (The
extensive sale.
Poet at the Breakfast Table) (1872); which had
etc.
(
port, N. Y.
## p. 271 (#287) ############################################
HOLST - HOMES
271
all previously appeared serially in the Atlantic
Monthly. He wrote, also, the novels (Elsie
Venner) (1861) and (The Guardian Angel
(1868). His other prose works, exclusive of his
numerous writings on medical science, are :
(Soundings from the Atlantic) (1864); (Mech-
anism in Thought and Morals) (1871); John
Lothrop Motley) (1879); (Ralph Waldo Emer-
son (1884); (A Mortal Antipathy) (1885); “Our
Hundred Days in Europe) (1887); (Over the
Teacups) (1891); numerous prefaces and intro-
ductions to special volumes; etc. His works
on medicine are likewise important, for Dr.
Holmes was by profession a physician, and in
1847 was made professor of anatomy and phys-
iology in the medical school of Harvard. *
Holst, Hans Peter (hölst). A Danish poet
and novelist; born in Copenhagen, Oct. 22,
1811; died near that city, June 2, 1893. He was
made professor of language and literature at
the Copenhagen Academy, 1836, and traveled
through Europe later at government expense.
His writings are exceedingly varied, elegant,
and tasteful. The Poem in Memory of Fred-
eric IV. , (Recollections of Travel, Poems,
and National Legends, represent his early
work. (Gioacchino,' a drama of merit; (Sicil.
ian Types and Characters,' a sketch of scenery
and manners; and Eros,' a collection of lyrics,
have also spread his fame.
Holst, Hermann Eduard von. A German-
American historian ; born at Fellin, Livonia,
Russia, June 19, 1841.
