See MenologiumScotorum/'inBishop Forbes' Kalendars of
Scottish
Saints, p.
O'Hanlon - Lives of the Irish Saints - v8
Finniani,
22
See Dr. O'Donovan's Annals of the
cap. xvii. , p. 395. Four Masters," vol. i. , pp. 212, 213.
J? Edited by Drs. Todd and 2* See Rev. A. ** Diocese Reeves, pp. Cogan's
226, 227.
18
See Dr. O'Donovan's "Annals of the Four Masters," vol. i. , n. (n), p. 452.
of Meath, Ancientand Modern," vol. iii. , chap.
lxxiv. , p. 555.
s*
"
vol. i. , p. 440.
See#*tf. , p. 556.
3 o8 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [August 21.
enters Senach, bishop, adding that he was from Cluain-foda-fine, in Fera tulach, i. e. , Cluain foda-Librein. We are informed, moreover, that the
Article II. —St. Celba, or Caelbadh,of Ctll-Caelbadh, probably
comarb and disciple of St. Finnen of Clonal d, was this bishop Senach. The feast of St. Senaich is entered in the Kalendar of Drummond2
21st of August.
Kilbeg or Kilmainhambeg, County of Meath. The published 1
Martyrology of Tallagh, registers Celba, at the 21st of August. In that copy, contained in the Book of Leinster, this name is united
2
with that of another saint, at the present date. From the following
account of his locality, lying on the north side of Ceananus, now Kells, in
the County of Meath, it may be possible to identify his church. The Martyrology of Donegal mentions Caelbadh, of Cill Caelbaidh, on the north side of Ceananus,* as having been venerated, at this same date. Kilbeg5 or Kilmainham-beg,6 a parish in the barony of Lower Kells, and in the County of Meath, seems to be the most probable identification for the site of this saint's former church. It appears also to have given name to
that place.
Article III. —St. Masse, or Maisse, Virgin. Sheltered from the
baneful influence of a corrupt world, this holy Virgin grew each day in goodness, unconscious of evil, and in innocence like the angel who watched over her. The name of Masse occurs in the Martyrology of
2
Maisse, Virgin, appears in the Martyrology of Donegal, at the 21st of
August. In the table, superadded to this latter work, after her name, we find the word species occurring. 3
Article IV—Sr. Uncan or Unchan Tughneda. No doubt, from his early days, the ambition of this saint received a right direction. Yet
Both in the and unpublished published
1 at the 21st of
copies, this name is united with that Celba, already noticed. Nothing, how- ever, seems to be known, regarding her place or period. The name of
Tallagh
August.
those and his subsequent years are buried in obscurity.
According to the
published Martyrology
of
Tallagh,
1 veneration was
given
to Unchan
=s Now Clonfad in the barony of Fartul-
lagh, County of Westmeath. See William
M. Hennessey's note.
26
See "Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy," Irish Manuscript Series, vol. i. , part i. , pp. 102, 103. —
de Lacy, Lord of Meath ; and a lease of it
"
*i Thus: xii. Kal. Sept. Item apud dall's "Monasticon Hibernicum," pp. 551
Hiberniam Sancti Episcopi et Confessoris Senaich. "—Bishop Forbes' "Kalendars of Scottish Saints," p. 22.
Article 11. —'Edited by Rev. Dr. Kelly, p. xxxii.
2 In this manner CetbAe Agup ITUppe.
3 Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
226, 227. *TheancientnameforKells.
s "A Commandery for Knights of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem was founded here, in the reign of Richard I. by Walter
to 554.
Article ill. — Edited by Rev. Dr.
Kelly, p. xxxii. •
*
Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp. 226, 227.
3 See ibid. , pp. 440, 441. Dr. Reeves interprets this word as the Latin equivalent for her name, Maisse, which in Irish signi- tiesbeauty. SpeciosaoccursintheMartyr- o'. ogy of Molanus, at the 18th March.
Article 1 v. — "Edited by Rev. Dr. Kelly, p. xxxii.
was granted, in the year 1500, by the Prior of Kilmainham, to Peter Barnwell of Stack*
alien. "
—" Gazetteer of Ire- Parliamentary
land," vol. ii. , p. 363.
6 See an account of its history in Arch-
26 ? , at the
August 21. ] LIVES OE THE IRISH SAINTS. 369
2
Tughneda, at the 21st of August. It seems a difficult matter to identify his
place, at present, or to find the time when he flourished. The simple entry,
Uncan, appears in the Martyrology of Donegal,3 at this same date. In life, he must have been respected, and his time must have been greatly spent in prayer for himself and others.
Article V. —St. Mogin Mor, or Moghin. The name of Mogin Mor, 12
is set down in the published Martyrology of Tallagh, at the 21st of August.
The suffix " Mor, signifying
seems to indicate, that he was a
of distinction. However, in the O'Clerys' Calendar,* he is called simply
Moghin, on this day.
Article VI. —Reputed Feast of St. Sevilon, a Scottish Bishop, ofVerda,Saxony. FerrariusquotesaCalendarandtheScottishBreviary, for the festival at the 21st of August of St. Sevilon, one of those, who, in the time of Charlemagne, brought the Faith to the Saxons. He is said to have been a Bishop of Verda, in Saxony. He is commemorated by Dempster.
the 1 who note such at this date, desire to However, Bollandists, particulars,
acquirefurtherinformationregardinghim. Atthe21stofAugust,Dempster introduces the name of Ceuilon, Bishop of Verda, into his Menologium
2
great/'
person
In his Ecclesiastical History,* St. Cevilo is reckoned the fifth bishop of that place, which See the Scots held for many years. 4 We do not find on what authority Dempster makes him a student of medicine, and the author of a Book intituled " Dubiorum in Hippocrate Locorum Explana-
Scotorum.
as also four " Lectionem Sacrorum. " He is said to have Books,
tionem,"
lived, in the year 827. s
Article VII. —Reputed Festival of St. Mazota, Virgin. The Bollandists l remark, that Castellan has commemorated St. Mazota, a Virgin, in Scotia, at the 21st of August ; while Dempster mentions her at the 22nd and 23rd of December. 2 This appears to have been the Mayota or Mazota, connected with Abernethy, and the dedication of the neighbouring lands to St.
3 and of which we have record in the Pictish Chronicle. * The in Brigid, story
the legend of the Breviary of Aberdeen is different. 5 The proper date for her
6
feast appears to be December 23rd, where further notices of her may be found.
p. 2
2
In the Book of Leinster copy, we find
Origine Frisonum," lib. i. , cap. xv.
s Dempster adds to the foregoing accounts :
"'
Hie est ex illis Scotis quibus Carolus
Magnus' domita Saxonia, 'dignitates con-
Alter
UncAn Uu5tiet)A.
3 Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
226, 227. Article v.
—
'Edited by Rev. Dr. Kelly,
Belforestus lib. i.
xxxii.
cessisse,' scribit Philippus
Hist. Carolor. et alii historici Galli. ei synonymus tu—rn vivebat. "
In the Book of Leinster copy, at this same date, mogin mon is entered.
3 Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
l *'
Article vii. See Acta Sanctorum,"
tomus iv. , Augusti xxi. Among the preter-
mitted feasts, p. 397. T2"
226, 227. Articlevi. —See"ActaSanctorum,"
tomus iv. , Augusti xxi. Among the preter- mitted Saints, p. 397.
2 Thus " Verdse Ceuilonis episcopi, qui
:
unus ex iis fuit, quos historia loquitur Scotos
a Carolo Magno, ob bellicam in Saxones fortitudine—m, prsemio honoratos et hie collo-
catos, B. " Bishop Forbes' "Kalendars of 28, 399.
Scottish Saints," p. 209.
3 See " Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Sco-
torum," torn, i. , lib. iii. , num. 357, p. 197
4
See Albertus Crantzius, "Metropolis,"
lib. ii. , andSuflridus cap. xxx. ,
Petrus,
"De or
Brigid.
See MenologiumScotorum/'inBishop Forbes' Kalendars of Scottish Saints, p. 222. 3See her life in the Second Volume of this
work, at the 1st of February, Art. i.
"
s See Pars Hyemalis, fol. xxii.
6 See also an allusion to her, at the
14th March, in the Third Volume of this
work, under the heading Art. ix. , St. Brigida
Chronicles of the Picts, Chronicles of the Scots, and other early Memorials of Scottish History," pp. 6,
* See William F. Skene's
«*\
3i' LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [August 21. ArticleVIII. —FestivalofSt,Vicentius. Inthe"Feilire"ofSt.
ancient Martyrologies. 3
Article IX. —Reputed Feast of St. Mochteus, Abbot. The Bollandists * observe, that Whitford has set down the feast of St. Mochteus, Abbot in Ireland, at the 21st of this month. However, the true date is the
an account of him be 2 and in that connexion, may found,
the feast of St. Vincentius is noted, at the 21st of 1 The August.
Mngws,
Irish commentator on that copy in the Leabhar Breac adds, as a conjecture, that he was a Bishop, or that he may be Unnint who is in Tagmad. 2 It does not appear to be a very easy task, to discover the identity either of the person or the place, to which allusion is here made. A St. Vincent, with other companions, who were martyrs in Spain, has a festival at this date ; but, the only knowledge regarding them has been a few brief notices drawn from
on which
we have endeavoured to elucidate his Acts.
19th,
day
Article X. —Feast of St. Fincana, a Virgin and an Eremite.
1
This holy Virgin, said to have been daughter to St. Doneualdus, is recorded
by Camerarius,2 at the 21st day of August, in his Calendar. She is stated to have lived a solitary life, and to have been an eremite. She flourished in the eighth century, as her father is said to have lived during the reign of Eugenius VII. , King of Scotland. 3 He was also called Nectan, and he is stated to have reigned but two years, viz. : from a. d. 761 to 763. A writer, who has ably treated the social state of Scotland at different eras, remarks, that its caves and rocks retain traces of the early teachers of the Gospel of peace, while the old markets all over the country were named after them;* and he adds, that there were few places of any note that were not associated with the name of some early saint.
Article viii. —'See "Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy," Irish Manu- script Series, vol. i. , part i. On the Calendar
ofdingus. ByWhitleyStokes,LL. D. ,p. cxxiv.
3
See ibid. , p. cxxxii.
3 See the Bollandists' " Acta Sanctorum,"
tomus iv. , Augusti xxi. De SS. Julio, Juli-
ano, Vincentio, Augurio et Eulodio Martyr-
ibus in — 424. Hispania, p.
Article ix. 'See "Acta Sanctorum," tomus iv. , Augusti xxi. Among the preter- mitted feasts, p. 396
3 In the — volume, Art. i. present
l
Doneualdi Scotici sanguinis viri sanctitas,
qui in solitudine Ovvgilluy sex prope passuum millibus ab Alecto oppido inter Pictos vitse sanctimonia insignis vixit. Huic novem erant filiae Mazoto majori no- men, Fincante alteri : cceterarum nomina vetustas abolevit. His arctissima vita de- gentibus panis ordeaceus cibus fuit, et aqua potum : semel que duntaxat in die exiguo reficiebantur cibo, perpetuse fere orationi
rei rustics tenuem vitam
aut quo susten-
tarent dedita. -. "
4 See in the series of The Historians of
Scotland, and ably edited by the late learned
the English translation by the same scholarly editor, John F. Fordun's "Chronicle of the Scottish Nation," book iii. , chap, xlvi. ,
Article x.
Fordun "Chronica Gentis Scotorum," lib. iii. , cap. xlvi. , p. 131, Edinburgh, 1871, 8vo. Also
Donevald is styled of the Den of Ogilvy, and he is mentioned by Hector Boece, in "Scotorum Historic," lib.
ix. ,fol. clxxxvii. , Editio 1 520, fol.
2 Thus " Sancta Fincana virgo Eremi—ta :
filia sancti Doneualdi, de quo supra. " Bishop Forbes' " Kalendars of Scottish
Saints," p. 239.
3 This is stated by Hector Boece :
p. 125, Edinburgh, 1872, 8vo. 5"
" vente autem Eugenio septimo valuit pluri-
See Dr. John Mackintosh's History of
mum ad commovendos ad
pietatem
homines
Article —x i.
Vi-
Civilization in Scotland,"vol. i. ,chap. i. ,Intro- duction, sect, viii. , p. 135.
This has been stated by
William F. de Skene, Johannis
August 22. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 311
CUientp^econJ Dag of august
ARTICLE I. —ST. ANDREW, DEACON AND CONFESSOR, OF FIESOLE, IN ITALY.
[NINTH CENTURY. ]
CHAPTER I.
INTRODUCTION—WRITERS OF ST. ANDREW'S ACTS—HIS FAMILY AND BIRTH IN SCOTIA— HIS EARLY PIETY—THE DISCIPLE OF ST. DONATUS—BOTH RESOLVE TO LEAVE IRELAND AND TO BECOME PILGRIMS —THEY TRAVEL TO ITALY AND ARRIVE IN FIESOLE—ACCOUNT OF THAT ANCIENT CITY—ST. DONATUS MIRACULOUSLY DESIG- NATED AS ITS BISHOP.
not alone the comforts but the luxuries of life, many truly
souls have treated them as but the accidents of birth ENJOpYioIusNG
;
nor do
they regard such possessions as objects that can confer real happiness. With regard to the present holy man, while his rank and station were assured to him in his own country, still having a holier purpose in view, he had no ambition to enjoy ease and rest, but rather to seek in self-denial and labour his own and the salvation of his fellow- men. Therefore entertaining wise con- siderations did he abandon family and home, for the uncertain fortune that awaited him in distant lands. There, too, obtaining sufficient for sustenance in the work of a noble ministry, he lived in almost absolute privation of earth's goods ; yet, treated and trusted, with more spiritual honour and affection, than the great ones of this world, he felt rich in the rewards of the true Christian life, and in the hopes of his heavenly inheritance.
Villanus. 1 When about his treating
The Life of this holy pilgrim—an exile from his native country—has been
written in Italian
by Philippus
sister, St. Brigid, of Opacum, at Fiesole, in Italy, Father John Colgan,* and
specially
the Bollandists 3 have not omitted to draw their account, mainly from that Life. Filippo Villani was a Florentine gentleman of an ancient and respect- able family, the son of Matteo, and the nephew of Giovanni Villani,4 who wroteamuchesteemedHistoryofFlorence. 5 Thisbeginswiththefoundation
ofhisdeath,a. d. 6 Hisbrother 1348.
ofthat anditcontinuestothe city,
year
Matteo continued it to a. d. 1363, the year when he died. Afterwards, his
son Filippo added forty-two chapters, and ended it with the year 1364. 7 The
Franciscus Cataneus Diacettius, Bishop of Fesulse, in an Italian Preface to the Lives of Saints belonging to his Church. This is
been one of the most learned men of his time.
3 It is remarkable for the elegance and
purity of its style ; and besides the affairs of
likewise stated by Placidus Puccinellus and Florence, it recounts the principal events
by other writers. referring to other countries. This general
2
Februarii. De S. Brigida Virgine Ecclesise source for study by more modern Italian
See "Acta Sanctorum Hiberniae," i. Chronicle has been always regarded as a
Opacensis apud Fessulas in Italia Patrome, pp. 236 to 238.
historians. See Tiraboschi's Letteratura Italiana," tomo v.
"
Storia della
6 See M. le Dr. Hoeffer's " Nouvelle Februarii i. , Vita S. Brigidse, Virginis, Biographie Generate depuis les Temps les
3 See "Acta Sanctorum," tomus
i. ,
Fsesulis in Etruria, pp. 243 to 247.
4 He was born at Florence, about the year 1280, and he was considered to have
plus recules jusqu'a nos Jours," tome xlvi. , cols. 159, 160.
7 The " Storie Florentine " of Villani was
3i2 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [August 22.
latter wrote in Latin the Lives of illustrious men belonging to Florence ; but
tary,
11 and added notes. The
editor, however, proposes
some
difficulties,
originalManuscript
ofthatworkh—asnotbeenhithertodiscovered. 8 Two
the
different copies of St. Andrew's Life the authorship attributed to Filippo Villani —were in possession of the Bollandists, with two shorter Lives, very similar to each other, and which seem to have been intended as panegyrics of the saint. They were written for one of his festival celebrations. Those appeartohavebeenabbreviatedfromthelongerActs. Atthe22ndofAugust, the Bollandists publish the Latin Acts of St. Andrew^ from a Manuscript of Placidus Puchinellus, and which they had obtained. 10 These have been edited by Father Guiliclmus Cuper, who has prefixed a Previous Commen-
regarding the authorship of those Acts, owing to the introduction of the
name Leonardus, in the Prologue, and that person to whom the tract had
been dedicated. If he were Leonardus Bonafides, the Carthusian, who
became Bishop of Cortona, and who erected a chapel to St. Andrew, in the
church of St. Martin de Mensula, it is quite evident, that Filippo Villani,
who lived in the fourteenth century, could not have been the writer. So that,
either another and a different Filippo Villani must be found ; or a different
Leonardus, than he who constructed a chapel for the relics of St. Andrew in
the Monastery of St. Martin of Mensola, in order to synchronise the author
and his patron. The Irish Franciscan Fathers of St. Isidore, at Rome, had
"
a of St. Andrew's 12 and of this the Bollandists obtained a tran-
copy Life,
script. ^ The posthumous list, referring to Colgan's unpublished Lives of Irish Saints, contained the name of St. Andreas, as if intended for printing, at the 22nd of August. ** Father Stephen White records him, likewise, as oneoftheIrishsaintswhowentabroad. 15 InButler'swork,10 atthe22nd of August, is found a very brief notice of St. Andrew, Deacon, and Confessor.
There is a brief account of this holy bishop of Fiesole in
1 Saints," in the Petits Bollandistes, at the 22nd of August. ?
Les Vies des
Later, still, a very interesting account of St. Andrew has been inserted in a work, written
by Miss Margaret Stokes. 18
This Irish or Scottish gentleman was born, probably towards the close of
the eighth or beginning of the ninth century. In what part of Ireland, his birth took place, has not transpired, nor have we been able to find his pedi-
gree, through any process of onomancy. From early youth, he felt a truly
published for the first time at Venice, in folio, liv. i. -x. , a. d. 1537, and at Florence in 1554, Liv xi. , XII. , 8vo. Afterwards at Venice both appeared in 4to form, a. d. , 1559. The continuation by Matteo was published at Venice in 1562, 1581 in 4to ; while that of Fillippo appeared at Florence,
paragraphs.
" Vita et Miracula S. Andreae de Scotia, scripta vetusto Italico idiomate per Philippum Villanum, dedicata Leonardo de Jacobo Buonafedi, extracta scu 1557 in 4to. Muratoii has included these exscripta ex vetusto codice MS. monasterii
"
works in his great collection
carum Scriptores," &c, tomus xiii. and xiv.
has been Mazzuchelli in published by
'4 "See Sanctorum CatalogusActuum
1747 at Venice, in 4to, and he has added notes to
quae MS. habentur Ordine Mensium et Dierum. "
it.
9 See "Acta Sanctorum," tomus iv. ,
Augusti xxii. De S. Andrea Confessore, prope Faesulas in Etrnria, pp. 539 to 548.
22
See Dr. O'Donovan's Annals of the
cap. xvii. , p. 395. Four Masters," vol. i. , pp. 212, 213.
J? Edited by Drs. Todd and 2* See Rev. A. ** Diocese Reeves, pp. Cogan's
226, 227.
18
See Dr. O'Donovan's "Annals of the Four Masters," vol. i. , n. (n), p. 452.
of Meath, Ancientand Modern," vol. iii. , chap.
lxxiv. , p. 555.
s*
"
vol. i. , p. 440.
See#*tf. , p. 556.
3 o8 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [August 21.
enters Senach, bishop, adding that he was from Cluain-foda-fine, in Fera tulach, i. e. , Cluain foda-Librein. We are informed, moreover, that the
Article II. —St. Celba, or Caelbadh,of Ctll-Caelbadh, probably
comarb and disciple of St. Finnen of Clonal d, was this bishop Senach. The feast of St. Senaich is entered in the Kalendar of Drummond2
21st of August.
Kilbeg or Kilmainhambeg, County of Meath. The published 1
Martyrology of Tallagh, registers Celba, at the 21st of August. In that copy, contained in the Book of Leinster, this name is united
2
with that of another saint, at the present date. From the following
account of his locality, lying on the north side of Ceananus, now Kells, in
the County of Meath, it may be possible to identify his church. The Martyrology of Donegal mentions Caelbadh, of Cill Caelbaidh, on the north side of Ceananus,* as having been venerated, at this same date. Kilbeg5 or Kilmainham-beg,6 a parish in the barony of Lower Kells, and in the County of Meath, seems to be the most probable identification for the site of this saint's former church. It appears also to have given name to
that place.
Article III. —St. Masse, or Maisse, Virgin. Sheltered from the
baneful influence of a corrupt world, this holy Virgin grew each day in goodness, unconscious of evil, and in innocence like the angel who watched over her. The name of Masse occurs in the Martyrology of
2
Maisse, Virgin, appears in the Martyrology of Donegal, at the 21st of
August. In the table, superadded to this latter work, after her name, we find the word species occurring. 3
Article IV—Sr. Uncan or Unchan Tughneda. No doubt, from his early days, the ambition of this saint received a right direction. Yet
Both in the and unpublished published
1 at the 21st of
copies, this name is united with that Celba, already noticed. Nothing, how- ever, seems to be known, regarding her place or period. The name of
Tallagh
August.
those and his subsequent years are buried in obscurity.
According to the
published Martyrology
of
Tallagh,
1 veneration was
given
to Unchan
=s Now Clonfad in the barony of Fartul-
lagh, County of Westmeath. See William
M. Hennessey's note.
26
See "Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy," Irish Manuscript Series, vol. i. , part i. , pp. 102, 103. —
de Lacy, Lord of Meath ; and a lease of it
"
*i Thus: xii. Kal. Sept. Item apud dall's "Monasticon Hibernicum," pp. 551
Hiberniam Sancti Episcopi et Confessoris Senaich. "—Bishop Forbes' "Kalendars of Scottish Saints," p. 22.
Article 11. —'Edited by Rev. Dr. Kelly, p. xxxii.
2 In this manner CetbAe Agup ITUppe.
3 Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
226, 227. *TheancientnameforKells.
s "A Commandery for Knights of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem was founded here, in the reign of Richard I. by Walter
to 554.
Article ill. — Edited by Rev. Dr.
Kelly, p. xxxii. •
*
Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp. 226, 227.
3 See ibid. , pp. 440, 441. Dr. Reeves interprets this word as the Latin equivalent for her name, Maisse, which in Irish signi- tiesbeauty. SpeciosaoccursintheMartyr- o'. ogy of Molanus, at the 18th March.
Article 1 v. — "Edited by Rev. Dr. Kelly, p. xxxii.
was granted, in the year 1500, by the Prior of Kilmainham, to Peter Barnwell of Stack*
alien. "
—" Gazetteer of Ire- Parliamentary
land," vol. ii. , p. 363.
6 See an account of its history in Arch-
26 ? , at the
August 21. ] LIVES OE THE IRISH SAINTS. 369
2
Tughneda, at the 21st of August. It seems a difficult matter to identify his
place, at present, or to find the time when he flourished. The simple entry,
Uncan, appears in the Martyrology of Donegal,3 at this same date. In life, he must have been respected, and his time must have been greatly spent in prayer for himself and others.
Article V. —St. Mogin Mor, or Moghin. The name of Mogin Mor, 12
is set down in the published Martyrology of Tallagh, at the 21st of August.
The suffix " Mor, signifying
seems to indicate, that he was a
of distinction. However, in the O'Clerys' Calendar,* he is called simply
Moghin, on this day.
Article VI. —Reputed Feast of St. Sevilon, a Scottish Bishop, ofVerda,Saxony. FerrariusquotesaCalendarandtheScottishBreviary, for the festival at the 21st of August of St. Sevilon, one of those, who, in the time of Charlemagne, brought the Faith to the Saxons. He is said to have been a Bishop of Verda, in Saxony. He is commemorated by Dempster.
the 1 who note such at this date, desire to However, Bollandists, particulars,
acquirefurtherinformationregardinghim. Atthe21stofAugust,Dempster introduces the name of Ceuilon, Bishop of Verda, into his Menologium
2
great/'
person
In his Ecclesiastical History,* St. Cevilo is reckoned the fifth bishop of that place, which See the Scots held for many years. 4 We do not find on what authority Dempster makes him a student of medicine, and the author of a Book intituled " Dubiorum in Hippocrate Locorum Explana-
Scotorum.
as also four " Lectionem Sacrorum. " He is said to have Books,
tionem,"
lived, in the year 827. s
Article VII. —Reputed Festival of St. Mazota, Virgin. The Bollandists l remark, that Castellan has commemorated St. Mazota, a Virgin, in Scotia, at the 21st of August ; while Dempster mentions her at the 22nd and 23rd of December. 2 This appears to have been the Mayota or Mazota, connected with Abernethy, and the dedication of the neighbouring lands to St.
3 and of which we have record in the Pictish Chronicle. * The in Brigid, story
the legend of the Breviary of Aberdeen is different. 5 The proper date for her
6
feast appears to be December 23rd, where further notices of her may be found.
p. 2
2
In the Book of Leinster copy, we find
Origine Frisonum," lib. i. , cap. xv.
s Dempster adds to the foregoing accounts :
"'
Hie est ex illis Scotis quibus Carolus
Magnus' domita Saxonia, 'dignitates con-
Alter
UncAn Uu5tiet)A.
3 Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
226, 227. Article v.
—
'Edited by Rev. Dr. Kelly,
Belforestus lib. i.
xxxii.
cessisse,' scribit Philippus
Hist. Carolor. et alii historici Galli. ei synonymus tu—rn vivebat. "
In the Book of Leinster copy, at this same date, mogin mon is entered.
3 Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
l *'
Article vii. See Acta Sanctorum,"
tomus iv. , Augusti xxi. Among the preter-
mitted feasts, p. 397. T2"
226, 227. Articlevi. —See"ActaSanctorum,"
tomus iv. , Augusti xxi. Among the preter- mitted Saints, p. 397.
2 Thus " Verdse Ceuilonis episcopi, qui
:
unus ex iis fuit, quos historia loquitur Scotos
a Carolo Magno, ob bellicam in Saxones fortitudine—m, prsemio honoratos et hie collo-
catos, B. " Bishop Forbes' "Kalendars of 28, 399.
Scottish Saints," p. 209.
3 See " Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Sco-
torum," torn, i. , lib. iii. , num. 357, p. 197
4
See Albertus Crantzius, "Metropolis,"
lib. ii. , andSuflridus cap. xxx. ,
Petrus,
"De or
Brigid.
See MenologiumScotorum/'inBishop Forbes' Kalendars of Scottish Saints, p. 222. 3See her life in the Second Volume of this
work, at the 1st of February, Art. i.
"
s See Pars Hyemalis, fol. xxii.
6 See also an allusion to her, at the
14th March, in the Third Volume of this
work, under the heading Art. ix. , St. Brigida
Chronicles of the Picts, Chronicles of the Scots, and other early Memorials of Scottish History," pp. 6,
* See William F. Skene's
«*\
3i' LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [August 21. ArticleVIII. —FestivalofSt,Vicentius. Inthe"Feilire"ofSt.
ancient Martyrologies. 3
Article IX. —Reputed Feast of St. Mochteus, Abbot. The Bollandists * observe, that Whitford has set down the feast of St. Mochteus, Abbot in Ireland, at the 21st of this month. However, the true date is the
an account of him be 2 and in that connexion, may found,
the feast of St. Vincentius is noted, at the 21st of 1 The August.
Mngws,
Irish commentator on that copy in the Leabhar Breac adds, as a conjecture, that he was a Bishop, or that he may be Unnint who is in Tagmad. 2 It does not appear to be a very easy task, to discover the identity either of the person or the place, to which allusion is here made. A St. Vincent, with other companions, who were martyrs in Spain, has a festival at this date ; but, the only knowledge regarding them has been a few brief notices drawn from
on which
we have endeavoured to elucidate his Acts.
19th,
day
Article X. —Feast of St. Fincana, a Virgin and an Eremite.
1
This holy Virgin, said to have been daughter to St. Doneualdus, is recorded
by Camerarius,2 at the 21st day of August, in his Calendar. She is stated to have lived a solitary life, and to have been an eremite. She flourished in the eighth century, as her father is said to have lived during the reign of Eugenius VII. , King of Scotland. 3 He was also called Nectan, and he is stated to have reigned but two years, viz. : from a. d. 761 to 763. A writer, who has ably treated the social state of Scotland at different eras, remarks, that its caves and rocks retain traces of the early teachers of the Gospel of peace, while the old markets all over the country were named after them;* and he adds, that there were few places of any note that were not associated with the name of some early saint.
Article viii. —'See "Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy," Irish Manu- script Series, vol. i. , part i. On the Calendar
ofdingus. ByWhitleyStokes,LL. D. ,p. cxxiv.
3
See ibid. , p. cxxxii.
3 See the Bollandists' " Acta Sanctorum,"
tomus iv. , Augusti xxi. De SS. Julio, Juli-
ano, Vincentio, Augurio et Eulodio Martyr-
ibus in — 424. Hispania, p.
Article ix. 'See "Acta Sanctorum," tomus iv. , Augusti xxi. Among the preter- mitted feasts, p. 396
3 In the — volume, Art. i. present
l
Doneualdi Scotici sanguinis viri sanctitas,
qui in solitudine Ovvgilluy sex prope passuum millibus ab Alecto oppido inter Pictos vitse sanctimonia insignis vixit. Huic novem erant filiae Mazoto majori no- men, Fincante alteri : cceterarum nomina vetustas abolevit. His arctissima vita de- gentibus panis ordeaceus cibus fuit, et aqua potum : semel que duntaxat in die exiguo reficiebantur cibo, perpetuse fere orationi
rei rustics tenuem vitam
aut quo susten-
tarent dedita. -. "
4 See in the series of The Historians of
Scotland, and ably edited by the late learned
the English translation by the same scholarly editor, John F. Fordun's "Chronicle of the Scottish Nation," book iii. , chap, xlvi. ,
Article x.
Fordun "Chronica Gentis Scotorum," lib. iii. , cap. xlvi. , p. 131, Edinburgh, 1871, 8vo. Also
Donevald is styled of the Den of Ogilvy, and he is mentioned by Hector Boece, in "Scotorum Historic," lib.
ix. ,fol. clxxxvii. , Editio 1 520, fol.
2 Thus " Sancta Fincana virgo Eremi—ta :
filia sancti Doneualdi, de quo supra. " Bishop Forbes' " Kalendars of Scottish
Saints," p. 239.
3 This is stated by Hector Boece :
p. 125, Edinburgh, 1872, 8vo. 5"
" vente autem Eugenio septimo valuit pluri-
See Dr. John Mackintosh's History of
mum ad commovendos ad
pietatem
homines
Article —x i.
Vi-
Civilization in Scotland,"vol. i. ,chap. i. ,Intro- duction, sect, viii. , p. 135.
This has been stated by
William F. de Skene, Johannis
August 22. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 311
CUientp^econJ Dag of august
ARTICLE I. —ST. ANDREW, DEACON AND CONFESSOR, OF FIESOLE, IN ITALY.
[NINTH CENTURY. ]
CHAPTER I.
INTRODUCTION—WRITERS OF ST. ANDREW'S ACTS—HIS FAMILY AND BIRTH IN SCOTIA— HIS EARLY PIETY—THE DISCIPLE OF ST. DONATUS—BOTH RESOLVE TO LEAVE IRELAND AND TO BECOME PILGRIMS —THEY TRAVEL TO ITALY AND ARRIVE IN FIESOLE—ACCOUNT OF THAT ANCIENT CITY—ST. DONATUS MIRACULOUSLY DESIG- NATED AS ITS BISHOP.
not alone the comforts but the luxuries of life, many truly
souls have treated them as but the accidents of birth ENJOpYioIusNG
;
nor do
they regard such possessions as objects that can confer real happiness. With regard to the present holy man, while his rank and station were assured to him in his own country, still having a holier purpose in view, he had no ambition to enjoy ease and rest, but rather to seek in self-denial and labour his own and the salvation of his fellow- men. Therefore entertaining wise con- siderations did he abandon family and home, for the uncertain fortune that awaited him in distant lands. There, too, obtaining sufficient for sustenance in the work of a noble ministry, he lived in almost absolute privation of earth's goods ; yet, treated and trusted, with more spiritual honour and affection, than the great ones of this world, he felt rich in the rewards of the true Christian life, and in the hopes of his heavenly inheritance.
Villanus. 1 When about his treating
The Life of this holy pilgrim—an exile from his native country—has been
written in Italian
by Philippus
sister, St. Brigid, of Opacum, at Fiesole, in Italy, Father John Colgan,* and
specially
the Bollandists 3 have not omitted to draw their account, mainly from that Life. Filippo Villani was a Florentine gentleman of an ancient and respect- able family, the son of Matteo, and the nephew of Giovanni Villani,4 who wroteamuchesteemedHistoryofFlorence. 5 Thisbeginswiththefoundation
ofhisdeath,a. d. 6 Hisbrother 1348.
ofthat anditcontinuestothe city,
year
Matteo continued it to a. d. 1363, the year when he died. Afterwards, his
son Filippo added forty-two chapters, and ended it with the year 1364. 7 The
Franciscus Cataneus Diacettius, Bishop of Fesulse, in an Italian Preface to the Lives of Saints belonging to his Church. This is
been one of the most learned men of his time.
3 It is remarkable for the elegance and
purity of its style ; and besides the affairs of
likewise stated by Placidus Puccinellus and Florence, it recounts the principal events
by other writers. referring to other countries. This general
2
Februarii. De S. Brigida Virgine Ecclesise source for study by more modern Italian
See "Acta Sanctorum Hiberniae," i. Chronicle has been always regarded as a
Opacensis apud Fessulas in Italia Patrome, pp. 236 to 238.
historians. See Tiraboschi's Letteratura Italiana," tomo v.
"
Storia della
6 See M. le Dr. Hoeffer's " Nouvelle Februarii i. , Vita S. Brigidse, Virginis, Biographie Generate depuis les Temps les
3 See "Acta Sanctorum," tomus
i. ,
Fsesulis in Etruria, pp. 243 to 247.
4 He was born at Florence, about the year 1280, and he was considered to have
plus recules jusqu'a nos Jours," tome xlvi. , cols. 159, 160.
7 The " Storie Florentine " of Villani was
3i2 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [August 22.
latter wrote in Latin the Lives of illustrious men belonging to Florence ; but
tary,
11 and added notes. The
editor, however, proposes
some
difficulties,
originalManuscript
ofthatworkh—asnotbeenhithertodiscovered. 8 Two
the
different copies of St. Andrew's Life the authorship attributed to Filippo Villani —were in possession of the Bollandists, with two shorter Lives, very similar to each other, and which seem to have been intended as panegyrics of the saint. They were written for one of his festival celebrations. Those appeartohavebeenabbreviatedfromthelongerActs. Atthe22ndofAugust, the Bollandists publish the Latin Acts of St. Andrew^ from a Manuscript of Placidus Puchinellus, and which they had obtained. 10 These have been edited by Father Guiliclmus Cuper, who has prefixed a Previous Commen-
regarding the authorship of those Acts, owing to the introduction of the
name Leonardus, in the Prologue, and that person to whom the tract had
been dedicated. If he were Leonardus Bonafides, the Carthusian, who
became Bishop of Cortona, and who erected a chapel to St. Andrew, in the
church of St. Martin de Mensula, it is quite evident, that Filippo Villani,
who lived in the fourteenth century, could not have been the writer. So that,
either another and a different Filippo Villani must be found ; or a different
Leonardus, than he who constructed a chapel for the relics of St. Andrew in
the Monastery of St. Martin of Mensola, in order to synchronise the author
and his patron. The Irish Franciscan Fathers of St. Isidore, at Rome, had
"
a of St. Andrew's 12 and of this the Bollandists obtained a tran-
copy Life,
script. ^ The posthumous list, referring to Colgan's unpublished Lives of Irish Saints, contained the name of St. Andreas, as if intended for printing, at the 22nd of August. ** Father Stephen White records him, likewise, as oneoftheIrishsaintswhowentabroad. 15 InButler'swork,10 atthe22nd of August, is found a very brief notice of St. Andrew, Deacon, and Confessor.
There is a brief account of this holy bishop of Fiesole in
1 Saints," in the Petits Bollandistes, at the 22nd of August. ?
Les Vies des
Later, still, a very interesting account of St. Andrew has been inserted in a work, written
by Miss Margaret Stokes. 18
This Irish or Scottish gentleman was born, probably towards the close of
the eighth or beginning of the ninth century. In what part of Ireland, his birth took place, has not transpired, nor have we been able to find his pedi-
gree, through any process of onomancy. From early youth, he felt a truly
published for the first time at Venice, in folio, liv. i. -x. , a. d. 1537, and at Florence in 1554, Liv xi. , XII. , 8vo. Afterwards at Venice both appeared in 4to form, a. d. , 1559. The continuation by Matteo was published at Venice in 1562, 1581 in 4to ; while that of Fillippo appeared at Florence,
paragraphs.
" Vita et Miracula S. Andreae de Scotia, scripta vetusto Italico idiomate per Philippum Villanum, dedicata Leonardo de Jacobo Buonafedi, extracta scu 1557 in 4to. Muratoii has included these exscripta ex vetusto codice MS. monasterii
"
works in his great collection
carum Scriptores," &c, tomus xiii. and xiv.
has been Mazzuchelli in published by
'4 "See Sanctorum CatalogusActuum
1747 at Venice, in 4to, and he has added notes to
quae MS. habentur Ordine Mensium et Dierum. "
it.
9 See "Acta Sanctorum," tomus iv. ,
Augusti xxii. De S. Andrea Confessore, prope Faesulas in Etrnria, pp. 539 to 548.
