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385. Lappse-j-g'Me tribu-\-\iq\i' absint fuge pabula l>>ta
( lappseque-- ccesura.
449. et spumas miscent argent! vlvaque | stilju-
r' Idseasque pices
. ( sulfur' Idseasque -- synapheia, and elision.
565. Membra sequebatur nee longo | deinde md-|-ranti
( delnde -- synceresis.
Georgic 4.
34. Seu lento fuerint a\-\-vedriti | vimine texta
( alvearia-- synceresis.
38. Nequldqu' in tectls certatim | tenuia | cera
( ten-via, or ten-wia. See Georg. 4, 297.
92. Nam duo sunt gener' hie meli-|-or z<<-|-signis et ore
( melior-- ccesura.
137. Ille comam mSllis jam tonde>>|-6a* kyd-\-cmthl
( according to Hcyne's text)
( tondebat--ccesura.
161. Prima favis ponunt fundamiaS | delnde ! t? -|-naces
( delnde -- synceresis.
222. Terras-|-gwe <mc-|-tusque maris cCelumque pro-
fundum
( terrasque -- ccesura.
225. Scilicet hue red-|-<? dein-\-&' ac resoluta referrl
( dein -- synceresis.
232. Tdjjgete simul os terris ostendit honestum
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? Clavis Metrico-Virgiliana. 11
Georgic 4. '
233. Pllas et \ oceanl spretos p&dg reppulit amnes.
243. Steffi' et | lucifijgis congesta cubilia blattls
( Stell' yet -- elision, and synaeresis. (See my
"Latin Prosody," sect. 47. )
270. CecropiumquS thyW et grav' olentia | centaU-\-rt&
( grav' olentia--elision--centafirea--spon-
daic.
297. Pdrigti-l-busque premunt arctis et quattuck addiint
( parjetibus, or par-yetlbus. -- quattuor with
double T: otherwise the A is short, as I have
shown in my " Latin Prosody. "
(Cj" In this verse, some prosodians make Parietl a
proceleusmatic foot; and it is true that some
ancient grammarians considered it as such, and
scanned accordingly in this and other similar cases.
But it is worthy of remark, that there is not (/
believe) a single example of a supposed proce-
leusmatic or anapaest in any hexameter or pen-
tameter verse of any good Latin author, whicfi
may not he reduced to a dactyl or spondee by the
aid of the J or 11, as in the Une before us, or y
the V or W, as in Tenuia and Fluviorum, Georg. 1,
397 and 482. Nor is such conversion of the I and
the\J afanciful innovation, unsanctioned by ancient
authority, as may be fairly presumed in the case
of the U, and positively concluded in that of the I,
from the two subjoined hexameters of Lucretius,
and the accompanying Phalcecian of an anonymous
ancient poet; since, on the one hand, the word
'Tenuis cannot otherwise be made to furnish the
concluding spondee, and, on the other, Parieti
necessarily must be read Parjeti or Par-yetf, to
constitute a dactyl, the only foot admissible in its
present station: [Propterea
b6
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? 12 Clavis Metrico-Virgiliana.
Georgic 4.
Propterea quia corpus aquae, natunique | tenuis
Aeris (1, 232.
Quippe etenim ventus subtili corpbre | tenuis. . .
(4, 899.
Templi | paneti-\-hy>> tui notavi *.
Besides, if the proceleusmatic and anapaest were
really admissible into the Latin heroic metre, and
intentionally introduced by the poets, we might
surely expect to find some examples less question-
able than those where the I or the Vis concerned;
and, until some such are produced from good and
unquestionable authority, I hope I may be al-
lowed to deny, or at least to doubt, the legitimate
admissibility of the proceleusmatic or anapaest
into Latin heroic verse.
336. Drymo- \-que _Xara-|-th5que Ligeaque Phyllodoceque
( Drymoque-- ccesura.
343. atqu' ephf-\-re a*-|-qu' opis et asia Deiopea
( Ephyre -- ccesura --preserved.
S55. Trlstis arlstJeus T? e-\-nei geni-\-toris ad undam
( Penel -- synceresis.
388. Cceriileus Yro-\-teus mdg-\-i\xim qui piscibiis asquor
( Proteus -- diphthong.
392. Grandaivus Ne-|-refls <<o-|-vit namqu' omnia vates
( Nereiis -- diphthong.
422. intus se vastl Pr6-\-teUs tegit \ objice | saxl
( Proteus, as in v. 388. -- objice, of objex,
from objicio; for obex, without the), has the
first syllable short.
429. CumPr6-|-teascdn-|-s<<&#j>e-|-tensefluctibus antra
( Proteus, as above. -- consueta -- synceresis.
-*
* Burmann's Anthologia, 6, 2,
15
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? Clavis Metrico-Virgiliana. 13
Georgic 4.
447. Scis Pro- \-teH sets \ Ipse1 nequ' est te fallere' quidquam
( Proteu -- diphthong, as in Proteus above.
453. Non te nulli-|-27s &r-|-ercent numinis IrS
( nullius-- ccesura.
461. Implerunt montes flerfint Rh5d6-|-j? ez<? | arces
( Rhodopeise -- the -<3E preserved from elision,
and made short before the following vowel.
463. atqu^Ge-]-^a^-|-qu' Hebrus e't actias | 6rl-|-thyla
(as in Hey tie's text)
( Getse--ccesura--preserved. -- orlthyia' -- the
YI a single syllable, as in the Greek -- the verse
spondaic. -- See JEn. 12, 83.
528. Hale Pro-\-teus et \ se jactii dgdit aiquor in altum
( Proteus -- diphthong, as before.
545. f Inferias or-\-phei Le-\-thwa papavera mittes
553. 1 Inferias or-\-phei mit-\-Gt liicumque revisit
( Orphel -- in both cases, syn&resis.
564. Parthenope studils florent' Ignobilis | oti
( otii, oti -- crasis.
JEneid. 1.
20. Posthabita colulsse Sa-|-? >>d hie | Illiiis arma
( Sam 5 -- ccesura -- preserved.
34. Troas relliquias Dana' atqu' Immltis $-\-chilles
( AcKillel -- synceresis.
45. unius ob nox' et furias ajacis o-\-ilei
( Oi'lel -- synceresis.
77. C6nniibt-\-o jiingam st&bill propriamque dicabo
( Here Professor Heyne denies that the NU in
Connubium can possibly be short: and, in
this, and every other passage of Virgil where the
word happens to begin with afoot, he directs us
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? 14 Clavis Metrico-Virgiliana.
JEneid. 1.
to pronounce it as three syllables, Connubjo,
Connubls, fyc. But, although Virgil has Con-
nubia, with the U long, in other places
where it suited his metre; the quantity of
Innuba, Pronuba, and Subnuba, which all
have the nu short, is sufficient proof that the
corresponding syllable may also be short in Con-
nubium -- i. e. that the syllable, in fact, is
common.
124. Jam valid' i\\6-\-nei wa-|-vem jam fortis achats
( Ilionel-- synaeresis.
135. Eur' ad se Zephyrumque \6-\-cdt dehinc | talia fattir
( d'hinc -- elision
199. Vina bonus quaj | deiude ca-|-dis onerarat acestes
( delude -- synceresis.
224. Prajcipue plus seneas nunc acris 6-\-rontei
( Orontel -- synceresis.
251. Hie tamen ill' urbem Pata-|-r<< se-|-desqne locavit
( Patavii, Patavl -- crasis.
260. osciila libavlt nti-\-tce dehinc | talia fatur
( d'hinc -- elision.
262. Fata tibi cernes urb' et promissa La-|-wwe
( Lavinii, Lavini -- crasis.
274. -- the same. .
312. Qui te'neant n' inculta \l-\-dethomt-\-ntisx\e ferfene
( videt. --ccesura.
336. Jactemur doceas ignar' hominumque \6-\-cdrUm-
qu' Erramus
( locorumqu' Erramus, synapheia, and elision.
409. et ver' incessu patu-|-e/ dea \ 111' ubi matrem'
( dea -- the A preservedfivm elision.
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? Clavis Metrico-Virgiliana. 15
JEneid. 1.
452. JSrea cul gradlbus surgebant limina | nexce-
qu' JEre trabes
( nexajqu' iEre -- synapheia, and elision.
. 482. Per terr' et versa pul-|-m zre-|-scrlbitiir hasta
( pulvls -- ccesura,
504. HInc atqu' hlnc glomerantur o-\-reades | Ilia pha-
retram
525. Maximiis l]io-\-neUs pldct-\-do sic pectfc. re ccepit
( Ilioneus -- diphthong.
536. ceno-\~tri c&luefe virl nunc faraa minores
( CEnotri -- regular, three syllables -- not
CEnotrii.
563. Talibus l\\o-\-neus cti,nc-\-tl simtil org fr&nebant
( Ilioneus -- diphthong.
615. \\Lo-\-ned pe-\-tit dextra lsevaque Serestum
( Ilionea -- the E long, according to the Ionic
dialect.
618. Casu | deinde vi~\-rl tant' et sic ore lociit' est
( delnde -- synceresis.
621. Tun' 111' aineas quern Dardani-|-<5 <<M-|-chIsa>>"
( Dardanio -- ccesura --preserved -- spondaic
verse.
655. Pergama cum pete-|-ri? i! zw-|-concessosqu' hjrme-
najos
( peteret -- ccesura.
672.
LItora jacte-|-fSr bdt-\-is Jun5nis iniquaj
( jactetiir -- ccesura.
702. Aured | cpwiposiilt sponda mediamque' locavit
( aurea -- synceresis.
730. atria dependent lychnl laquearibus | aure'is
( aurels -- synceresis.
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? 16 Clavis Metrico-Virgiliana.
Mneid. 2.
7. Myrmidonum Dolopumv' aut duri mile's u-\-lyssez
( Ulyssel synaeresis.
1 6. Sdificant sectaqu' Intexunt | dbiete | costas
( abjete, or ab-yete'. -- See Georgic 4, 297-
90. Gessimus invidia postquam pellacis u-\-lyssei
( Ulyssel -- synceresis.
264. et M8n? -\-latis et \ Ipse doll fabricator e-\-peus
275. Hectftre ' qui r&lit exuvias Indutus a-\-chillei
( Achillei -- synceresis.
318. fecc' autem tells Pan-|-Mfis e-|-lapsus achivum
319. Pdntkus \ 5thtrades arcis Pbceblque ' sacerdos
322. 1 Qu5 res summit 15co Pan-\-thU qiidm | prendimus
arcem
( Panthiis, Panthu, long, from the Greek OT.
339. addunt se socios Ylhi-\-petis et | maximus armls
( Rhipeus -- diphthong.
369. Luctus ubique ' p&-\-vor et | plurfmS mortis imago
( pavor-- ccesura.
371. androge-|-os o/-|-fert nobls soci' agmina credens
or [according to Heyne's text)
androge-|-fis o/*-|-fert, Sgc.
( Androgeos -- the Attic O-mega naturally
long: -- Androgeus, ccesura.
391. arma dabunt ipsi. sic fatus | delude co-|-mantem
( deinde -- syrueresis.
394. Hoc Rhi-|-pefis hoc | Ipsg Dymas dmnlsque' jiiventus
( Rhipeus--diphthong.
411. Nostrdr' obrin-\-mur o? i-|-turque ' miserrima ciedes
( obruimur --c&sura.
419. Spume us atqu' imo Ne-|-reas ciet | sequdra fundo
( Nereus -- diphthong.
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? Clavis Metrico-Virgiliana. 17
JEneid. 2.
426, Procumbit cadit et Rhl-|-pews,;to-|-tlssimus units
( Rhipeus -- diphthong.
429. Coriflx' a sociis nee te tua plurima | PdnthU
( Panthu -- See verse 322.
436. Jam gravior Pelias St vulnere tardus u-\-lyssei
( Ulyssei -- syiueresis.
442. Hserent | pdriett-\-bus scalse postesque sub Ipsos
( parjetibus, or par-yetibus. -- See Georgia
4, 297-
492. Custodes sufferre valent labat | driete | crebro
( arjete, or ar-yete. -- See Georgic 4, 297.
563. et direpta d6-\-mus it | parvi casus iull
( domiis -- ccesura.
654. abnegat inceptoqu' et sedibtis hseret in | Isdem
( iisdem, Isdem -- crasis.
691. Dd dein-\-d' auxiiium pater atqu' hJec Smina firma
( delnde -- synceresis.
745. Quem non IncusaV amens hominumque de-\-orum-
qu' Aiit quid in . . . .
( qu' Aut -- synapheia, and elision.
774. obstupu-|-z s/&e-|-runtque com' et vox faucibus
heesit.
( steterunt -- systole.
JEneid. 3.
48. obstupui stetHruntque, 4c. as the line last quoted.
74. Nereidum ma. -\-tri et | Neptu-|-<<o a'-|-ga3o
( matrl-- ccesura -- preserved. -- Neptuno,
the same -- and N. B. a spondaic verse.
87. Pergama relliquias Dana' atqu' Immitis h-\-chillci
( Achillel -- synceresis.
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? 18 . . Clavis Metrico-Virgiliana.
JEncid. 3.
91. Llmina-|-yfle &zfl-|-rusque del totusque moverl
( liminaque -- ccesura.
112. idseumque nt-\-mus hinc J fida silentia sacris
( nemus -- ccesura.
122. idome-|-rcea rfw-|-cem desertaque lltora Cretai
( Idomenea -- the. Ionic E lo? ig -- Eta for
E-psilon.
135. Jamque fe-|-rl sic-\-co subducts lltbre puppes
( fere. -- Having omitted, in my " Latin Pros-
ody," to quote authority for Fere intrinsically long
without ccesura, I here give two examples from
Seneca, Troas, 439, and 1144 --
Partes \fere | nox alma transierat duas.
Stupet omne vulgus; et \fere | cuncti magis. . . .
The syllable, however, may be considered as com-
mon, if ive admit the authority of Ausonius,
Epig. 105 --
Nam tecumyere totus ero,quocumque recedam.
136. Conntibi-\-is--four syllables. See JEneid. 1, 77.
158. idem | venturos tollemus ad astra nepotes
( iidem, idem -- crasis.
165. ceno-\-tri coluere viri nunc fama minores
( GEn5tri, regular -- three syllables -- not
CEnotrii.
211. insula: | loni' in magno quas dira Celseno
( insula^ -- the JE preserved, and shortened --
loni, a dactyl.
212. Hdrpyi-\-seque colunt aliaj Phineia postquam
( Harpyia; -- Harpyl, a 'spondee -- the YI
a diphthong, as in the Greek 'Afuruia. -- See,
below, verses 249 and 365.
226. Hdrpyi' | et magnls quatiiint clangoribiis alas
( Harpy! -- as in the preceding line.
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? Clavis Metrico-Virgiliana. 19
Mneid. 3.
249. et patri' Insontes H&r-\-pyids\ pellere regno
( Harpylas--pyias, a spondee. See verse 212.
327. Serviti' enixse tulimus qui | deinde se-\-cutas
( deinde -- synaeresis.
354. Aula* | In medio libabant pocula BacchI
( aula! -- antique diceresis of the diphthong
ZE in the genitive aulse. -- See iEn. 6, 747,
and 9, 26.
365. Sola novum dlctuque nefas UsLX-\-pyia Ce-|-lseno
( Harpyla--pyl, a diphthong --See verse 212.
450. Nunquam | deinde cd-\-\o volitantia prendere saxo
( deinde -- synceresis.
464. Dona de-\-hmc au. ro gravi-|-a sec-|-toqu' elephanto
( dehinc -- the E preserved from elision, and
shortened before the I. -- gravia -- ccesura.
475. Conjugi' anchi-|-sa Vene-\-ris dignate superbo
( Anchisa. -- As in the vocative iEnea from
. ZEneas, the final A is long in this Doric
vocative Anchisa from Anchisas, of which xsce
find the genitive Ay^iauo in Homer, Iliad.
B. 819, and elsewhere . ? the Dorians forming
the genitive in AO from their own nominative
in AS, as the Ionians their genitive in EX2
from the nominative in HS. -- If isoe derive
it from a Latin nominative, Anchisa, (like Atrida
in the first of the subjoined examples) it must be
naturally short, (as vie see the vocative Atrida. in
the second example) and could only be lengthened
by the ccesura --
Non ita Dardanio gavisus Atrida triumpho est.
Propertius, 2, 14, 1.
Ne quis humasse velit Ajacem, Atrida, vetas!
cur? Horace, Sat. 2,3,187.
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? 26 Glavis Metrico-Virgiliana.
JEneid. 3.
504. atqu' Idem ca-\-sus fl-|-nam faciemus utramque
( casus . >>-- caesura.
This verse might be viewed in a different light
-- making idem casus plural -- iidem, idem by
crasis, and casus naturally long: but it vnas cer-
tainly not so intended by Virgil, who adverts only
to the common calamity in its great general outline,
not to a regular and uniform series of adventures
in detail.