Diocleides
has not had his dinner, and the man is all vinegar, — don't venture near him when he is kept waiting for dinner.
Universal Anthology - v04
Thyonichus — As much to you, iEschines.
JEichines — How long it is since we met !
Thyonichus — Is it so long? But why, pray, this melan choly?
JEschines — I am not in the best of luck, Thyonichus. Thyonichus — 'Tis for that, then, you are so lean, and hence
comes this long moustache, and these lovelocks all adust. Just such a figure was a Pythagorean that came here of late, bare
beautiful Cynisca, — she flouts me !
IDYLS OF THEOCRITUS. 357
foot and wan, — and said he was an Athenian. Marry, he too was in love, methinks, with a plate of pancakes.
JEschines — Friend, you will always have your jest, — but
I shall go mad some day, I am but a hair's breadth on the
when no man looks for it ; hither side, even now.
Thyonichus —You are ever like this, dear JEschines, now mad, now sad, and crying for all things at your whim. Yet, tell me, what is your new trouble ?
jEschines — The Argive and I and the Thessalian rough rider, Apis, and Cleunichus the free lance were drinking to gether at my farm. I had killed two chickens and a sucking pig, and had opened the Bibline wine for them, — nearly four years old, — but fragrant as when it left the wine press. Truffles and shellfish had been brought out, it was a jolly drinking match. And when things were now getting for warder, we determined that each should toast whom he pleased, in unmixed wine, only he must name his toast. So we all drank, and called our toasts as had been agreed. Yet She said nothing, though I was there ; how think you I liked that ? " Won't you call a toast? ' You have seen the wolf ! ' " some one said in jest, " as the proverb goes " ; then she kindled ; yes, you could easily have lighted a lamp at her face. There is one Wolf, one Wolf there is, the son of Labes, our neighbor, — he is tall, smooth-skinned, many think him handsome. His was that illustrious love in which she was pining, yes, and a breath about the business once came secretly to my ears, but I never looked into it, beshrew my beard !
Already, mark you, we four men were deep in our cups, when the Larissa man, out of mere mischief, struck up, " My Wolf," some Thessalian catch from the very beginning. Then Cynisca suddenly broke out weeping more bitterly than a six- year-old maid that longs for her mother's lap. Then I, — you know me, Thyonichus, —struck her on the cheek with clenched fist, — one, two ! She caught up her robes, and forth she rushed, quicker than she came. "Ah, my undoing" (cried I), "I am not good enough for you, then — you have a dearer playfellow ? Well, be off and cherish your other lover, 'tis for him your tears run big as apples. "
And as the swallow flies swiftly back to gather a morsel, fresh food, for her young ones under the eaves, still swifter sped she from her soft chair, straight through the vestibule
■
358 IDYLS OF THEOCRITUS.
and folding doors, wherever her feet carried her. So, sure, the old proverb says, "the bull has sought the wild wood. "
Since then there are twenty days, and eight to these, and nine again, then ten others, to-day is the eleventh, add two more, and it is two months since we parted, and I have not shaved, not even in Thracian 1 fashion.
And now Wolf is everything with her. Wolf finds the door open o' nights, and I am of no account, not in the reckoning, like the wretched men of Megara, in the place dishonorable. 2
And if I could cease to love, the world would wag as well as may be. But now, — now, — as they say, Thyonichus, I am like the mouse that has tasted pitch. And what remedy there may be for a bootless love, I know not ; except that Simus, he who was in love with the daughter of Epicalchus, went over the seas, and came back heart-whole, — a man of my own age. And I too will cross the water, and prove not the first, maybe, nor the last, perhaps, but a fair soldier as times go.
Idyl XV.
This famous idyl should rather, perhaps, be called a mimus. It describes the visit paid by two Syracusan women, residing in Alexandria, to the festival of the resurrection of Adonis. The festival is given by Arsinoe, wife and sister of Ptolemy Philadelphus, and the poem cannot have been written earlier than his marriage, in B. C. 266 (? ) Nothing can be more gay and natural than the chatter of the women, which has changed no more in two thousand years than the song of birds.
Gorgo — Is Praxinoe at home ?
Praxinoi — Dear Gorgo, how long it is since you have been
here ! She is at home. The wonder is that you have got here at last ! Eunoe, see that she has a chair. Throw a cushion on it, too.
Gorgo — It does most charmingly as it is.
PraxinoS— Do sit down.
Grorgo — Oh, what a thing spirit is !
I have scarcely got to you alive, Praxinoe ! What a huge crowd, what hosts of four
1 Shaving in the bronze (and still more, of course, in the stone) age was an uncomfortable and difficult process. The backward and barbarous Thracians were therefore trimmed in the roughest way, like iEschines with his long, gnawed moustache.
a The Megarians, having inquired of the Delphic oracle as to their rank among Greek cities, were told that they were absolute last, and not in the reckoning at all.
IDYLS OF THEOCRITUS. 359
in-hands ! Everywhere cavalry boots, everywhere men in uni form ! And the road is endless : yes, you really live too far
away ! Praxinoe
—
Here he came to the ends of the earth and took — a hole, not a
It is all the fault of that madman of mine.
house, and all that we might not be neighbors. The jealous wretch, always the same, ever for spite !
Gorgo — Don't talk of your husband Dinon like that, my dear girl, before the little boy, — look how he is staring at you ! Never mind, Zopyrion, sweet child, she is not speaking about papa. — 1
Praxinoe Our Lady ! the child takes notice ! Gorgo — Nice papa !
Praxinoe — That papa of his the other day — we call every day " the other day " — went to get soap and rouge at the shop, and back he came to me with salt — the great, big, endless fellow !
Gorgo — Mine has the same trick, too, a perfect spendthrift •— Diocleides ! Yesterday he got what he meant for five fleeces, and paid seven shillings apiece for — what do you suppose ? — dogskins, shreds of old leather wallets, mere trash — trouble on trouble. But come, take your cloak and shawl. Let us be off to the palace of rich Ptolemy, the king, to see the Adonis. I hear the queen has provided something splendid !
Praxinoe — Fine folks do everything finely.
Gorgo — What a tale you will have to tell about the things
you have seen to any one who has not seen them ! It seems nearly time to go.
Praxinoe — Idlers have always holiday. Eunoe, bring the water and put it down in the middle of the room, lazy creature that you are ! Cats like always to sleep soft ! Come, bustle,
I want water first, and how she carries it ! Give it me all the same ; don't pour out so much, you extravagant thing. Stupid girl ! why are you wetting
bring the water : quicker !
I have washed my hands, as heaven
my dress ? There, stop ;
would have it. Where is the key of the big chest? Bring it here.
Gorgo — Praxinoe, that full body becomes you wonderfully. Tell me, how much did the stuff cost you just off the loom ?
Praxinoe" — Don't speak of it, Gorgo ! More than eight
1 Our Lady here is Persephone. The ejaculation served for the old as well as for the new religion of Sicily.
300 IDYLS OF THEOCRITUS.
I nearly
Gorgo — Well, it is most successful ; all you could wish.
Praxinoe" — Thanks for the pretty speech! Bring my shawl, and set my hat on my head, the fashionable way. No, child, I don't mean to take you. Boo ! Bogies ! There's a horse that bites ! Cry as much as you please, but I cannot have you lamed. Let us be moving. Phrygia, take the child, and keep him amused, call in the dog, and shut the street door.
[They go into the street. Ye gods, what a crowd ! How on earth are we ever to get through this coil? They are like ants that no one can measure or number. Many a good deed have you done, Ptolemy ; since
your father joined the immortals, there's never a malefactor to spoil the passer-by, creeping on him in Egyptian fashion. Oh ! the tricks those perfect rascals used to play ! Birds of a feather, ill jesters, scoundrels all ! Dear Gorgo, what will become of us ? Here come the king's war horses ! My dear man, don't trample on me. Look, the bay's rearing ! See, what temper ! Eunoe, you foolhardy girl, will you never keep out of the way ? The beast will kill the man that's leading him. What a good thing it is for me that my brat stays safe at home. —
pounds in good silver money, — and the work on it ! slaved my soul out over it !
Courage, Praxinoe. We are safe behind them now, and they have gone to their station.
Gorgo
I begin to be myself again. Ever since
Praxinoe — There !
I was a child I have feared nothing so much as horses and the chilly snake. Come along, the huge mob is overflowing us.
Gorgo (to an old woman) — Are you from the Court, mother ?
Old Woman — I am, my child. Praxinoe" — Is it easy to get there?
Old Woman — The Achaeans got into Troy by trying, my prettiest of ladies. Trying will do everything in the long run. Gorgo — The old wife has spoken her oracles, and off she
goes.
Praxinoe "— Women know everything, yes, and how Zeus married Hera !
Gorgo — See, Praxinoe, what a crowd there is about the doors.
Praxinoe"— Monstrous, Gorgo ! Give me your hand, and you, Eunoe, catch hold of Eutychis ; never lose hold of her, for
IDYLS OF THEOCRITUS. 361
fear lest you get lost. Let us all go in together ; Eunoe, clutch tight to me. Oh, how tiresome, Gorgo, my muslin veil is torn in two already ! For heaven's sake, sir, if you ever wish to be fortunate, take care of my shawl !
Stranger — I can hardly help myself, but for all that I will be as careful as I can.
Praxinoe — How close-packed the mob is, they hustle like a herd of swine.
Stranger — Courage, lady, all is well with us now.
Praxinoe — Both this year and forever may all be well with you, my dear sir, for your care of us. A good kind man ! We're letting Eunoe get squeezed — come, wretched girl, push your way through. That is the way. We are all on the right side of the door, quoth the bridegroom, when he had shut him self in with his bride.
Gorgo — Do come here, Praxinoe. Look first at these em broideries. How light and how lovely ! You will call them the garments of the gods.
Praxinoe" — Lady Athene, what spinning women wrought them, what painters designed these drawings, so true they are ? How naturally they stand and move, like living creatures, not patterns woven. What a clever thing is man ! Ah, and him self — Adonis —how beautiful to behold he lies on his silver couch, with the first down on his cheeks, the thrice-beloved Adonis, —Adonis beloved even among the dead.
A Stranger — You weariful women, do cease your endless cooing talk ! They bore one to death with their eternal broad vowels !
Gorgo — Indeed ! And where may this person come from ? What is it to you if we are chatterboxes ? Give orders to your own servants, sir. Do you pretend to command ladies of Syra
If you must know, we are Corinthians by descent, like Bellerophon himself, and we speak Peloponnesian. Dorian women may lawfully speak Doric, I presume ?
Gorgo — Hush, hush, Praxinoe — the" Argive" woman's daughter, the great singer, is beginning the Adonis ; she that won the prize last year for dirge singing. I am sure she will give us something lovely ; see, she is preluding with her airs and graces.
cuse ?
Praxinoe" — Lady Persephone, never may we have more than one master. I am not afraid of your putting me on short commons.
362 IDYLS OF THEOCRITUS.
The Psalm of Adonis.
0 Queen that lovest Golgi, and Idalium, and the steep of Eryx, 0 Aphrodite, that playest with gold, lo, from the stream eternal of Acheron they have brought back to thee Adonis — even in the twelfth month they have brought him, the dainty-footed Hours. Tardiest of the Immortals are the beloved Hours, but dear and de sired they come, for always, to all mortals, they bring some gift with them. O Cypris, daughter of DionS, from mortal to immortal, so men tell, thou hast changed Berenice, dropping softly in the woman's breast the stuff of immortality.
Therefore, for thy delight, 0 thou of many names and many temples, doth the daughter of Berenice, even Arsinofi, lovely as Helen, cherish Adonis with all things beautiful.
Before him lie all ripe fruits that the tall trees' branches bear, and the delicate gardens, arrayed in baskets of silver, and the golden vessels are full of incense of Syria. And all the dainty cakes that women fashion in the kneading tray, mingling blossoms manifold with the white wheaten flour, all that is wrought of honey sweet, and in soft olive oil, all cakes fashioned in the semblance of things that fly, and of things that creep, lo, here they are set before him.
Here are built for him shadowy bowers of green, all laden with tender anise, and children flit overhead — the little Loves — as the young nightingales perched upon the trees fly forth and try their wings from bough to bough.
O the ebony, O the gold, O the twin eagles of white ivory that carry to Zeus, the son of Cronos, his darling, his cup-bearer ! O the purple coverlet strewn above, more soft than sleep ! So Miletus will say, and whoso feeds sheep in Samos.
Another bed is strewn for beautiful Adonis, one bed Cypris keeps and one the rosy-armed Adonis. A bridegroom of eighteen or nine teen years is he, his kisses are not rough, the golden down being yet upon his lips ! And now, good-night to Cypris, in the arms of her lover ! But lo, in the morning we will all of us gather with the dew, and carry him forth among the waves that break upon the beach ; and with locks unloosed, and ungirt raiment falling to the ankles, and bosoms bare, will we begin our shrill sweet song.
Thou only, dear Adonis, so men tell, thou only of the demigods dost visit both this world and the stream of Acheron. For Aga memnon had no such lot, nor Aias, that mighty lord of the terrible anger, nor Hector, the eldest born of the twenty sons of Hecabe, nor Patroclus, nor Pyrrhus that returned out of Troyland, nor the heroes of yet more ancient days, the Lapithae and Deucalion's sons, nor the sons of Pelops, and the chiefs of Pelasgian Argos. Be gracious now, dear Adonis, and propitious even in the coming year. Dear to
A LAMENT FOR ADONIS. 363
us has thine advent been, Adonis, and dear shall it be when thou comest again.
Gorgo — Praxinoe, the woman is cleverer than we fancied ! Happy woman to know so much, thrice happy to have so sweet a voice. Well, all the same, it is time to be making for home.
Diocleides has not had his dinner, and the man is all vinegar, — don't venture near him when he is kept waiting for dinner. Farewell, beloved Adonis, may you find us glad at your next coming !
A LAMENT FOR ADONIS. By BION.
(Translation of Mrs. Browning. )
[Bion was born at Smyrna ; flourished about 280 ; contemporary of Theocri tus, and wrote pastorals in the same manner. He was greatly beloved. See " Lament for Bion " under Moschus. ]
I.
I mourn for Adonis — Adonis is dead,
Fair Adonis is dead and the Loves are lamenting.
Sleep, Cypris, no more on thy purple-strewed bed :
Arise, wretch stoled in black ; beat thy breast unrelenting,
And shriek to the worlds, " Fair Adonis is dead ! "
ii.
I mourn for Adonis — the Loves are lamenting. He lies on the hills in his beauty and death ;
The white tusk of a boar has transpierced his white thigh. Cytherea grows mad at his thin gasping breath,
While the black blood drips down on the pale ivory,
And his eyeballs lie quenched with the weight of his brows,
The rose fades from his lips, and upon them just parted The kiss dies the goddess consents not to lose,
Though the kiss of the Dead cannot make her glad-hearted : He knows not who kisses him dead in the dews.
in.
I mourn for Adonis — the Loves are lamenting. Deep, deep in the thigh is Adonis's wound,
A LAMENT FOR ADONIS.
But a deeper, is Cypris's bosom presenting.
The youth lieth dead while his dogs howl around,
And the nymphs weep aloud from the mists of the hill, And the poor Aphrodite, with tresses unbound,
All disheveled, unsandaled, shrieks mournful and shrill
Through the dusk of the groves. The thorns, tearing her feet,
Gather up the red flower of her blood which is holy, Each footstep she takes : and the valleys repeat
The sharp cry she utters and draw it out slowly. She calls on her spouse, her Assyrian, on him
Her own youth, while the dark blood spreads over his body, The chest taking hue from the gash in the limb,
And the bosom, once ivory, turning to ruddy.
IV.
Ah, ah, Cytherea! the Loves are lamenting.
She lost her fair spouse and so lost her fair smile :
When he lived she was fair, by the whole world's consenting, Whose fairness is dead with him : woe worth the while !
All the mountains above and the oaklands below Murmur, ah, ah, Adonis ! the streams overflow
Aphrodite's deep wail ; river fountains in pity
Weep soft in the hills, and the flowers as they blow
Redden outward with sorrow, while all hear her go
With the song of her sadness through mountain and city.
v.
Ah, ah, Cytherea ! Adonis is dead,
Fair Adonis is dead — Echo answers, Adonis!
Who weeps not for Cypris, when bowing her head
She stares at the wound where it gapes and astonies?
— When, ah, ah! — she saw how the blood ran away
And empurpled the thigh, and, with wild hands flung out,
Said with sobs : " Stay, Adonis ! unhappy one, stay, Let me feel thee once more, let me ring thee about With the clasp of my arms, and press kiss into kiss !
Wait a little, Adonis, and kiss me again,
For the last time, beloved, — and but so much of this
—That the kiss may learn life from the warmth of the strain !
Till thy breath shall exude from thy soul to my mouth, To my heart, and, the love charm I once more receiving
May drink thy love in it and keep of a truth That one kiss in the place of Adonis the living.
A LAMENT FOR ADONIS. 365
Thou fliest me, mournful one, fliest me far, — My Adonis, and seekest the Acheron portal,
To Hell's cruel King goest down with a scar,
While I weep and live on like a wretched immortal,
And follow no step ! O Persephone-, take him,
My husband ! — thou'rt better and brighter than I,
Look up at my grief ; there's despair in my cry,
Since I wail for Adonis who died to me — died to me —
Then, I fear thee ! — Art thou dead, my Adored ?
Passion ends like a dream in the sleep that's denied to me,
Cypris is widowed, the Loves seek their lord
All the house through in vain. Charm of cestus has ceased With thy clasp ! O too bold in the hunt past preventing,
Ay, mad, thou so fair, to have strife with a beast ! "
Thus the goddess wailed on — and the Loves are lamenting.
VI.
Ah, ah, Cytherea! Adonis is dead.
She wept tear after tear with the blood which was shed, And both turned into flowers for the earth's garden close, Her tears, to the windflower ; his blood, to the rose.
I mourn for Adonis — Adonis is dead.
Weep no more in the woods, Cytherea, thy lover !
So, well : make a place for his corse in thy bed,
With the purples thou sleepest in, under and over. He's fair though a corse — a fair corse, like a sleeper.
Lay him soft in the silks he had pleasure to fold When, beside thee at night, holy dreams deep and deeper
Enclosed his young life on the couch made of gold. Love him still, poor Adonis ; cast on him together
The crowns and the flowers : since he died from the place, Why, let all die with him ; let the blossoms go wither,
Rain myrtles and olive buds down on his face.
Rain the myrrh down, let all that is best fall a-pining,
Since the myrrh of his life from thy keeping is swept. Pale he lay, thine Adonis, in purples reclining ;
The Loves raised their voices around him and wept. They have shorn their bright curls off to cast on Adonis ; One treads on his bow, — on his arrows, another, —
One breaks up a well-feathered quiver, and one is
366
CASSANDRA'S PROPHECY
Bent low at a sandal, untying the strings,
And one carries the vases of gold from the springs, While one washes the wound, — and behind them a brother
Fans down on the body sweet air with his wings.
VIII.
Cytherea herself now the Loves are lamenting. Each torch at the door Hymenaeus blew out .
And, the marriage wreath dropping its leaves as repenting, No more " Hymen, Hymen," is chanted about,
Buttheaiaiinstead—"Aialas! " isbegun
For Adonis, and then follows " Ai Hymenaeus ! "
The Graces are weeping for Cinyris's son,
Sobbing low each to each, " His fair eyes cannot see us ! "
Their wail strikes more shrill than the sadder Dion<S's. The Fates mourn aloud for Adonis, Adonis,
Deep chanting ; he hears not a word that they say :
He would hear, but Persephone' has him in keeping. — Cease moan, Cytherea ! leave pomps for to-day,
And weep new when a new year refits thee for weeping.
CASSANDRA'S PROPHECY. By LYCOPHRON.
(Translated by Viscount Royston. )
[Ltcophkon, a Greek critic and tragic poet, born at Chalcis in Euboea, but an Alexandrian by residence and work, flourished in the reign of Ptolemy Phila- delphus, B. C. 286-247. Intrusted by him with the arrangement of the comedies in the Alexandrian library, he wrote a treatise on comedy, but his chief produc tion was a body of tragedies forty-six or sixty-four in number. His only extant work is "Cassandra," an imaginary prophecy by that daughter of Priam con cerning the fate of Troy and the Greek and Trojan heroes. ]
Hark, how Myrinna groans ! the shores resound With snorting steeds, and furious chivalry :
Down leaps the Wolf, to lap the blood of kings, Down on our strand ; within her wounded breast Earth feels the stroke, and pours the fateful stream On high, the fountains of the deep disclosed.
Now Mars showers down a fiery sleet, and winds His trumpet-shell, distilling blood, and now,
Knit with the Furies and the Fates in dance,
CASSANDRA'S PROPHECY.
Leads on the dreadful revelry ; the fields With iron harvests of embattled spears
Gleam ; from the towers I hear a voice of woe Rise to the steadfast Empyrean ; crowds
Of zoneless matrons rend their flowing robes, And sobs and shrieks cry loud unto the night One woe is past ! Another woe succeeds !
This, this shall gnaw my heart ! then shall I feel The venomed pang, the rankling of the soul,
Then when the Eagle, bony and gaunt and grim, Shall wave his shadowy wings, and plow the winds On clanging penns, and o'er the subject plain Wheel his wide-circling flight in many a gyre, Pounce on his prey, scream loud with savage joy, And plunge his talons in my Brother's breast,
(My best beloved, my Father's dear delight,
Our hope, our stay ! ) then, soaring to the clouds, Shower down his blood upon his native woods, And bathe the terrors of his beak in gore.
Oh God ! what column of our house, what stay, What massy bulwark fit to bear the weight
Of mightiest monarchies, hast thou o'erthrown ! But not without sharp pangs the Dorian host Shall scoff our tears, and mock our miseries,
And, as the corpse in sad procession rolls,
Shall laugh the loud and bitter laugh of scorn, When through the blazing helms and blazing prows Pale crowds shall rush, and with uplifted hands
And earnest prayer invoke protector Jove
Vainly ; for then nor foss, nor earthly mound,
Nor bars, nor bolts, nor massy walls, though flanked With beetling towers, and rough with palisades, Ought shall avail ; but (thick as clustering bees, When sulphurous streams ascend, and sudden flames Invade their populous cells) down from the barks, Heaps upon heaps, the dying swarms shall roll,
And temper foreign furrows with their gore !
Then, thrones and kingdoms, potentates whose veins Swell high with noble blood, whose falchions mow
" The ranks, and squadrons, and right forms of war," Down e'en to earth thy dreaded hands shall crush, Loaded with death, and maddening for the fray.
But I shall bear the weight of woe, but I
Shall shed the ceaseless tear ; for sad and dawn,
And sad the day shall rise when thou art slain !
368
CASSANDRA'S PROPHECY.
Of love ; but loathing shall possess thy soul, Thy blood shall flow upon thy father's hearth, And low the glories of thine head shall lie.
But I, who fled the bridal yoke, who count
The tedious moments, closed in dungeon walls
Dark and o'er-canopied with massy stone ;
E'en I, who drove the genial God of Day
Far from my couch, nor heeded that he rules
The Hours, Eternal beam ! essence divine !
Who vainly hoped to live pure as the maid,
The Laphrian virgin, till decrepit age
Should starve my cheeks, and wither all my prime ; Vainly shall call on the Bude'an queen,
Dragged like a dove unto the vulture's bed !
But she, who from the lofty throne of Jove
Shot like a star, and shed her looks benign
On Ilus, such as in his soul infused
Sovereign delight, upon the sculptured roof
Furious shall glance her ardent eyes ; the Greece For this one crime, aye for this one, shall weep Myriads of sons ; no funeral urn, but rocks
Shall hearse their bones ; no friends upon their dust Shall pour the dark libations of the dead ;
A name, a breath, an empty sound remains,
A fruitless marble warm with bitter tears
Of sires, and orphan babes, and widowed wives !
Ye cliffs of Zarax, and ye waves which wash Opheltes' crags, and melancholy shore,
Ye rocks of Trychas, Nedon's dangerous heights, Dirphossian ridges, and Diacrian caves,
Ye plains where Phorcys broods upon the deep, And founds his floating palaces, what sobs
Of dying men shall ye not hear ? what groans
Of masts and wrecks, all crashing in the wind ? What mighty waters, whose receding waves Bursting, shall rend the continents of earth ? What shoals shall writhe upon the sea-beat rocks ?
Saddest, while Time athwart the deep serene Rolls on the silver circle of the moon.
Thee too I weep, no more thy youthful form
Shall blossom with new beauties, now no more
Thy brother's arms shall twine about thy neck
In strict embrace, but to the Dragon's heart
Swift shalt thou send thy shafts entipped with flame, And round his bosom weave the limed nets
CASSANDRA'S PROPHECY.
While through the mantling majesty of clouds Descending thunderbolts shall blast their limbs, Who erst came heedless on, nor knew their course, Giddy with wine, and mad with jollity,
While on the cliffs the mighty felon sat
In baleful guidance, waving in his hand
The luring flame far streaming o'er the main.
One, like a sea bird floating on the foam,
The rush of waves shall dash between the rocks, On Gyrae's height spreading his dripping wings
To catch the drying gales, and sun his plumes ; But rising in his might, the King of Floods
Shall dash the boaster with his forky mace
Sheer from the marble battlements, to roam
With ores, and screaming gulls, and forms marine ; And on the shore his mangled corpse shall lie,
E'en as a dolphin, withering in the beams
Of Sol, 'mid weedy refuse of the surge
And bedded heaps of putrefying ooze ;
These sad remains the Nereid shall inurn,
The silver-footed dame beloved of Jove,
And by th' Ortygian Isle shall rise the tomb, O'er which the white foam of the billowy wave Shall dash, and shake the marble sepulchre Rocked by the broad iEgean ; to the shades
His sprite shall flit, and sternly chide the Queen Of soft desires, the Melinean dame,
Who round him shall entwine the subtile net, And breathe upon his soul the blast of love,
If love it may be called, — a sudden gust, A transient flame, a self-consuming fire, A meteor lighted by the Furies' torch.
Woe ! woe ! inextricable woe, and sounds
Of sullen sobs shall echo round the shore
From where Araethus rolls to where on high Libethrian Dotium rears his massy gates !
What groans shall peal on Acherusian banks
To hymn my spousals ! how upon the soul,
Voice, other than the voice of joy, shall swell,
When many a hero floating on the wave
Sea monsters shall devour with bloody jaws !
When many a warrior stretched upon the strand Shall feel the thoughts of home rush on his heart,
" By strangers honored, and by strangers mourned ! " vol. iv. — 24
370 EPIGRAMS AND EPITAPHS OF CALLIMACHDS.
EPIGRAMS AND EPITAPHS OF CALLIMACHUS. (Verse translations made for this work. )
[Callimachus, a celebrated Greek poet, was born at Cyrene in Africa, and became librarian of the Alexandrian library about b. c. 260, holding the position till his death about 240. He was regarded as the greatest of Greek elegiac poets; and was also a great critic and teacher, several famous men being his pupils. ]
Late hearing, Heraclitus, of thine end,
The tears welled in me as the memory rose How oft we twain had made the sunset close
Upon our converse ; yet I know, my friend, Singer of Halicarnassus, that thou must Long, long ago have moldered into dust.
But still thy strains survive, and Hades old, All-spoiler, shall not grasp them in his hold.
Here dwell I, Timon, the man-hater : but pass on : bid me woes as many as you will, only pass on.
A. Doth Charidas rest beneath thee ? B. If you mean the son of Arimnas the Cyrenaean, he rests beneath me. A. O Charidas, what are the things below? B. Vast darkness. A. And what the returns to earth? B. A lie. A. And Pluto? B. A fable, we have perished utterly. This is my true speech to you ; but if you want the pleasant style of speech, the Pel- laean's great ox is in the shades. (That is, I can lie to you as well about the immortality of cattle as of men. )
Oft mourn the Samian maids that passed away Is witty Crethis, graceful in her play,
A fellow-worker brightening all the day,
And free of speech ; but here she soundly sleeps The slumber fate for every mortal keeps.
Would there had never been swift ships : for then we would not lament for Sopolis, son of Dioclides. But now he drifts a corse somewhere in the sea, and in his stead we pass by a name and a cenotaph.
At dawn we were burying Menalippus, and at sunset the maiden Basilo died by her own hand. For she had not the heart to live, when she had placed her brother in the flame. So the house of their sire Aristippus saw a double woe ; and
EPIGRAMS AND EPITAPHS OF CALLIMACHUS. 371
all Cyrene was downcast, when it saw the house of persons happy in their children bereaved.
From small means I had a light subsistence, neither doing aught ill, nor wronging any one. O dear earth, if I, Micilus, have commended aught that is bad, neither do thou lie light on me, nor ye other gods, who hold me.
The three-years-old Astyanax, while sporting round about a well, a mute image of a form drew in to itself. And from the water the mother snatched her drenched boy, examining whether he had any portion of life. But the infant did not defile the Nymphs, for, hushed on the lap of his mother, he sleeps his deep sleep.
Worn out with age and poverty, and no man outstretching a contribution for misfortune, I have come into my tomb by degrees with my trembling limbs. With difficulty have I found the goal of a troublous life. And in my case the cus tom of the dead hath been changed. For I did not die first, and then was buried ; but was buried, and then died.
Bid me not hail, bad heart, but pass on. Thy not laughing is equal joy to me.
The hunter, O Epicydes, hunts on the mountain crag
For hare and trail of antelope — versed in the rime and the snow;
But if any one call to him, " Here is a stricken and dying stag," He scorns the helpless quarry and lets the vantage go.
Such is my love : it is apt at pursuing what flies it most fleet,
But hastens, unheeding its gain, past the captive that lies at its feet.
May you sleep, Conopium, Flinty-hearted maiden,
As at this cold vestibule
You leave me serenading !
May you sleep, you wicked girl, The sleep you give your lover :
Pity even in a dream You cannot discover !
Neighbors pity, but not you, Even in your slumber :
Soon, though, you'll remember this When gray hairs you number !
372 THE VOYAGE OF THE AKGO.
THE VOYAGE OF THE ARGO. By APOLLONIUS BHODIUS.
[Apollohius was born about b. c. 236, at Alexandria or its neighbor Nau- cratis. He studied under Callimachus ; they quarreled and lampooned each other bitterly, and the superior prestige of the master prevented the pupil's work from"gaining recognition ; the latter then removed to Rhodes (whence his nickname The Rhodian "), was at once acknowledged the best poet of his day, and later returned famous to Alexandria, becoming librarian of"the great royal museum there. He died in 181. His chief surviving work is the Argonautica," an epic on the search for the Golden Fleece, imitating Homer with much grace
and force. ]
The Harpies.
Here Phineus, son of Agenor, had his home beside the sea ; he who, by reason of the divination that the son of Leto granted him aforetime, suffered most awful woes, far beyond all men ; for not one jot did he regard even Zeus himself, in foretelling the sacred purpose to men unerringly. Wherefore Zeus granted him a weary length of days, but reft his eyes of the sweet light, nor suffered him to have any joy of all the countless gifts, which those, who dwelt around and sought to him for oracles, were ever bringing to his house. But suddenly through the clouds the Harpies darted nigh, and kept snatching them from his mouth or hands in their talons. Sometimes never a morsel of food was left him, sometimes a scrap, that he might live and suffer. And upon his food they spread a fetid stench ; and none could endure to bring food to his mouth, but stood afar
off ; so foul a reek breathed from the remnants of his meal. At once, when he heard the sound and noise of a company, he per ceived that they were the very men now passing by, at whose coming an oracle from Zeus had said that he should enjoy his food. Up from his couch he rose, as it were, a lifeless phan tom, and, leaning on his staff, came to the door on his wrinkled feet, feeling his way along the walls ; and, as he went, his limbs trembled from weakness and age, and his skin was dry and caked with filth, and naught but the skin held his bones together. So he came forth from his hall, and sat down with heavy knees on the threshold of the court, and a dark mantle wrapped him, and seemed to sweep the ground below all round ; and there he sank with never a word, in strengthless lethargy.
But they, when they saw him, gathered round, and were astonied. And he, drawing a labored breath from the bottom
THE VOYAGE OF THE ARGO. 373
of his chest, took up his parable for them and said : " Hearken, choice sons of all the Hellenes, if 'tis you in very truth, whom now Jason, at the king's chill bidding, is leading on the ship Argo to fetch the fleece. 'Tis surely you. Still doth my mind know each thing by its divining. Wherefore to thee, my prince, thou son of Leto, do I give thanks even in my cruel sufferings. By Zeus, the god of suppliants, most awful god to sinful men, for Phoebus' sake and for the sake of Hera herself, who before all other gods hath had you in her keeping as ye came, help me, I implore ; rescue a hapless wretch from misery, and do not heedlessly go hence and leave me thus. For not only hath the avenging fiend set his heel upon my eyes, not only do I drag out to the end a tedious old age, but yet another most bitter pain is added to the tale. Harpies, swooping from some unseen den of destruction, that I see not, do snatch the food from my mouth. And I have no plan to help me. But lightly would my mind forget her longing for a meal, or the thought of them, so quickly fly they through the air. But as happens at times, they leave me some scrap of food, noisome stench hath, and smell too strong to bear, nor could any mortal man draw nigh and bear even for little while, no, not though his heart were forged of adamant. But me, God wot, doth ne cessity, cruel and insatiate, constrain to abide, and abiding to put such food in my miserable belly. Them 'tis heaven's decree that the sons of Boreas shall check and they shall ward them off, for they are my kinsmen, indeed am that Phineus, who in days gone by had name amongst men for my wealth and divination, whom Agenor, my sire, begat their sister Cleo patra did bring to my house as wife with gifts of wooing,
what time ruled among the Thracians. "
So spake the son of Agenor and deep sorrow took hold on
each of the heroes, but specially on the two sons of Boreas. But they wiped away tear and drew nigh, and thus spake Zetes, taking in his the hand of the suffering old man " Ah poor sufferer, methinks there no other man more wretched than thee. Why that such woes have fastened on thee Is that thou hast sinned against the gods in deadly folly through thy skill in divination Wherefore are they so greatly wroth against thee Lo our heart within us sorely bewildered, though we yearn to help thee, in very truth the god hath re served for us twain this honor. For plain to see are the rebukes that the immortals send on us men of earth. Nor will we check
if
is
;
if
a
?
Thyonichus — Is it so long? But why, pray, this melan choly?
JEschines — I am not in the best of luck, Thyonichus. Thyonichus — 'Tis for that, then, you are so lean, and hence
comes this long moustache, and these lovelocks all adust. Just such a figure was a Pythagorean that came here of late, bare
beautiful Cynisca, — she flouts me !
IDYLS OF THEOCRITUS. 357
foot and wan, — and said he was an Athenian. Marry, he too was in love, methinks, with a plate of pancakes.
JEschines — Friend, you will always have your jest, — but
I shall go mad some day, I am but a hair's breadth on the
when no man looks for it ; hither side, even now.
Thyonichus —You are ever like this, dear JEschines, now mad, now sad, and crying for all things at your whim. Yet, tell me, what is your new trouble ?
jEschines — The Argive and I and the Thessalian rough rider, Apis, and Cleunichus the free lance were drinking to gether at my farm. I had killed two chickens and a sucking pig, and had opened the Bibline wine for them, — nearly four years old, — but fragrant as when it left the wine press. Truffles and shellfish had been brought out, it was a jolly drinking match. And when things were now getting for warder, we determined that each should toast whom he pleased, in unmixed wine, only he must name his toast. So we all drank, and called our toasts as had been agreed. Yet She said nothing, though I was there ; how think you I liked that ? " Won't you call a toast? ' You have seen the wolf ! ' " some one said in jest, " as the proverb goes " ; then she kindled ; yes, you could easily have lighted a lamp at her face. There is one Wolf, one Wolf there is, the son of Labes, our neighbor, — he is tall, smooth-skinned, many think him handsome. His was that illustrious love in which she was pining, yes, and a breath about the business once came secretly to my ears, but I never looked into it, beshrew my beard !
Already, mark you, we four men were deep in our cups, when the Larissa man, out of mere mischief, struck up, " My Wolf," some Thessalian catch from the very beginning. Then Cynisca suddenly broke out weeping more bitterly than a six- year-old maid that longs for her mother's lap. Then I, — you know me, Thyonichus, —struck her on the cheek with clenched fist, — one, two ! She caught up her robes, and forth she rushed, quicker than she came. "Ah, my undoing" (cried I), "I am not good enough for you, then — you have a dearer playfellow ? Well, be off and cherish your other lover, 'tis for him your tears run big as apples. "
And as the swallow flies swiftly back to gather a morsel, fresh food, for her young ones under the eaves, still swifter sped she from her soft chair, straight through the vestibule
■
358 IDYLS OF THEOCRITUS.
and folding doors, wherever her feet carried her. So, sure, the old proverb says, "the bull has sought the wild wood. "
Since then there are twenty days, and eight to these, and nine again, then ten others, to-day is the eleventh, add two more, and it is two months since we parted, and I have not shaved, not even in Thracian 1 fashion.
And now Wolf is everything with her. Wolf finds the door open o' nights, and I am of no account, not in the reckoning, like the wretched men of Megara, in the place dishonorable. 2
And if I could cease to love, the world would wag as well as may be. But now, — now, — as they say, Thyonichus, I am like the mouse that has tasted pitch. And what remedy there may be for a bootless love, I know not ; except that Simus, he who was in love with the daughter of Epicalchus, went over the seas, and came back heart-whole, — a man of my own age. And I too will cross the water, and prove not the first, maybe, nor the last, perhaps, but a fair soldier as times go.
Idyl XV.
This famous idyl should rather, perhaps, be called a mimus. It describes the visit paid by two Syracusan women, residing in Alexandria, to the festival of the resurrection of Adonis. The festival is given by Arsinoe, wife and sister of Ptolemy Philadelphus, and the poem cannot have been written earlier than his marriage, in B. C. 266 (? ) Nothing can be more gay and natural than the chatter of the women, which has changed no more in two thousand years than the song of birds.
Gorgo — Is Praxinoe at home ?
Praxinoi — Dear Gorgo, how long it is since you have been
here ! She is at home. The wonder is that you have got here at last ! Eunoe, see that she has a chair. Throw a cushion on it, too.
Gorgo — It does most charmingly as it is.
PraxinoS— Do sit down.
Grorgo — Oh, what a thing spirit is !
I have scarcely got to you alive, Praxinoe ! What a huge crowd, what hosts of four
1 Shaving in the bronze (and still more, of course, in the stone) age was an uncomfortable and difficult process. The backward and barbarous Thracians were therefore trimmed in the roughest way, like iEschines with his long, gnawed moustache.
a The Megarians, having inquired of the Delphic oracle as to their rank among Greek cities, were told that they were absolute last, and not in the reckoning at all.
IDYLS OF THEOCRITUS. 359
in-hands ! Everywhere cavalry boots, everywhere men in uni form ! And the road is endless : yes, you really live too far
away ! Praxinoe
—
Here he came to the ends of the earth and took — a hole, not a
It is all the fault of that madman of mine.
house, and all that we might not be neighbors. The jealous wretch, always the same, ever for spite !
Gorgo — Don't talk of your husband Dinon like that, my dear girl, before the little boy, — look how he is staring at you ! Never mind, Zopyrion, sweet child, she is not speaking about papa. — 1
Praxinoe Our Lady ! the child takes notice ! Gorgo — Nice papa !
Praxinoe — That papa of his the other day — we call every day " the other day " — went to get soap and rouge at the shop, and back he came to me with salt — the great, big, endless fellow !
Gorgo — Mine has the same trick, too, a perfect spendthrift •— Diocleides ! Yesterday he got what he meant for five fleeces, and paid seven shillings apiece for — what do you suppose ? — dogskins, shreds of old leather wallets, mere trash — trouble on trouble. But come, take your cloak and shawl. Let us be off to the palace of rich Ptolemy, the king, to see the Adonis. I hear the queen has provided something splendid !
Praxinoe — Fine folks do everything finely.
Gorgo — What a tale you will have to tell about the things
you have seen to any one who has not seen them ! It seems nearly time to go.
Praxinoe — Idlers have always holiday. Eunoe, bring the water and put it down in the middle of the room, lazy creature that you are ! Cats like always to sleep soft ! Come, bustle,
I want water first, and how she carries it ! Give it me all the same ; don't pour out so much, you extravagant thing. Stupid girl ! why are you wetting
bring the water : quicker !
I have washed my hands, as heaven
my dress ? There, stop ;
would have it. Where is the key of the big chest? Bring it here.
Gorgo — Praxinoe, that full body becomes you wonderfully. Tell me, how much did the stuff cost you just off the loom ?
Praxinoe" — Don't speak of it, Gorgo ! More than eight
1 Our Lady here is Persephone. The ejaculation served for the old as well as for the new religion of Sicily.
300 IDYLS OF THEOCRITUS.
I nearly
Gorgo — Well, it is most successful ; all you could wish.
Praxinoe" — Thanks for the pretty speech! Bring my shawl, and set my hat on my head, the fashionable way. No, child, I don't mean to take you. Boo ! Bogies ! There's a horse that bites ! Cry as much as you please, but I cannot have you lamed. Let us be moving. Phrygia, take the child, and keep him amused, call in the dog, and shut the street door.
[They go into the street. Ye gods, what a crowd ! How on earth are we ever to get through this coil? They are like ants that no one can measure or number. Many a good deed have you done, Ptolemy ; since
your father joined the immortals, there's never a malefactor to spoil the passer-by, creeping on him in Egyptian fashion. Oh ! the tricks those perfect rascals used to play ! Birds of a feather, ill jesters, scoundrels all ! Dear Gorgo, what will become of us ? Here come the king's war horses ! My dear man, don't trample on me. Look, the bay's rearing ! See, what temper ! Eunoe, you foolhardy girl, will you never keep out of the way ? The beast will kill the man that's leading him. What a good thing it is for me that my brat stays safe at home. —
pounds in good silver money, — and the work on it ! slaved my soul out over it !
Courage, Praxinoe. We are safe behind them now, and they have gone to their station.
Gorgo
I begin to be myself again. Ever since
Praxinoe — There !
I was a child I have feared nothing so much as horses and the chilly snake. Come along, the huge mob is overflowing us.
Gorgo (to an old woman) — Are you from the Court, mother ?
Old Woman — I am, my child. Praxinoe" — Is it easy to get there?
Old Woman — The Achaeans got into Troy by trying, my prettiest of ladies. Trying will do everything in the long run. Gorgo — The old wife has spoken her oracles, and off she
goes.
Praxinoe "— Women know everything, yes, and how Zeus married Hera !
Gorgo — See, Praxinoe, what a crowd there is about the doors.
Praxinoe"— Monstrous, Gorgo ! Give me your hand, and you, Eunoe, catch hold of Eutychis ; never lose hold of her, for
IDYLS OF THEOCRITUS. 361
fear lest you get lost. Let us all go in together ; Eunoe, clutch tight to me. Oh, how tiresome, Gorgo, my muslin veil is torn in two already ! For heaven's sake, sir, if you ever wish to be fortunate, take care of my shawl !
Stranger — I can hardly help myself, but for all that I will be as careful as I can.
Praxinoe — How close-packed the mob is, they hustle like a herd of swine.
Stranger — Courage, lady, all is well with us now.
Praxinoe — Both this year and forever may all be well with you, my dear sir, for your care of us. A good kind man ! We're letting Eunoe get squeezed — come, wretched girl, push your way through. That is the way. We are all on the right side of the door, quoth the bridegroom, when he had shut him self in with his bride.
Gorgo — Do come here, Praxinoe. Look first at these em broideries. How light and how lovely ! You will call them the garments of the gods.
Praxinoe" — Lady Athene, what spinning women wrought them, what painters designed these drawings, so true they are ? How naturally they stand and move, like living creatures, not patterns woven. What a clever thing is man ! Ah, and him self — Adonis —how beautiful to behold he lies on his silver couch, with the first down on his cheeks, the thrice-beloved Adonis, —Adonis beloved even among the dead.
A Stranger — You weariful women, do cease your endless cooing talk ! They bore one to death with their eternal broad vowels !
Gorgo — Indeed ! And where may this person come from ? What is it to you if we are chatterboxes ? Give orders to your own servants, sir. Do you pretend to command ladies of Syra
If you must know, we are Corinthians by descent, like Bellerophon himself, and we speak Peloponnesian. Dorian women may lawfully speak Doric, I presume ?
Gorgo — Hush, hush, Praxinoe — the" Argive" woman's daughter, the great singer, is beginning the Adonis ; she that won the prize last year for dirge singing. I am sure she will give us something lovely ; see, she is preluding with her airs and graces.
cuse ?
Praxinoe" — Lady Persephone, never may we have more than one master. I am not afraid of your putting me on short commons.
362 IDYLS OF THEOCRITUS.
The Psalm of Adonis.
0 Queen that lovest Golgi, and Idalium, and the steep of Eryx, 0 Aphrodite, that playest with gold, lo, from the stream eternal of Acheron they have brought back to thee Adonis — even in the twelfth month they have brought him, the dainty-footed Hours. Tardiest of the Immortals are the beloved Hours, but dear and de sired they come, for always, to all mortals, they bring some gift with them. O Cypris, daughter of DionS, from mortal to immortal, so men tell, thou hast changed Berenice, dropping softly in the woman's breast the stuff of immortality.
Therefore, for thy delight, 0 thou of many names and many temples, doth the daughter of Berenice, even Arsinofi, lovely as Helen, cherish Adonis with all things beautiful.
Before him lie all ripe fruits that the tall trees' branches bear, and the delicate gardens, arrayed in baskets of silver, and the golden vessels are full of incense of Syria. And all the dainty cakes that women fashion in the kneading tray, mingling blossoms manifold with the white wheaten flour, all that is wrought of honey sweet, and in soft olive oil, all cakes fashioned in the semblance of things that fly, and of things that creep, lo, here they are set before him.
Here are built for him shadowy bowers of green, all laden with tender anise, and children flit overhead — the little Loves — as the young nightingales perched upon the trees fly forth and try their wings from bough to bough.
O the ebony, O the gold, O the twin eagles of white ivory that carry to Zeus, the son of Cronos, his darling, his cup-bearer ! O the purple coverlet strewn above, more soft than sleep ! So Miletus will say, and whoso feeds sheep in Samos.
Another bed is strewn for beautiful Adonis, one bed Cypris keeps and one the rosy-armed Adonis. A bridegroom of eighteen or nine teen years is he, his kisses are not rough, the golden down being yet upon his lips ! And now, good-night to Cypris, in the arms of her lover ! But lo, in the morning we will all of us gather with the dew, and carry him forth among the waves that break upon the beach ; and with locks unloosed, and ungirt raiment falling to the ankles, and bosoms bare, will we begin our shrill sweet song.
Thou only, dear Adonis, so men tell, thou only of the demigods dost visit both this world and the stream of Acheron. For Aga memnon had no such lot, nor Aias, that mighty lord of the terrible anger, nor Hector, the eldest born of the twenty sons of Hecabe, nor Patroclus, nor Pyrrhus that returned out of Troyland, nor the heroes of yet more ancient days, the Lapithae and Deucalion's sons, nor the sons of Pelops, and the chiefs of Pelasgian Argos. Be gracious now, dear Adonis, and propitious even in the coming year. Dear to
A LAMENT FOR ADONIS. 363
us has thine advent been, Adonis, and dear shall it be when thou comest again.
Gorgo — Praxinoe, the woman is cleverer than we fancied ! Happy woman to know so much, thrice happy to have so sweet a voice. Well, all the same, it is time to be making for home.
Diocleides has not had his dinner, and the man is all vinegar, — don't venture near him when he is kept waiting for dinner. Farewell, beloved Adonis, may you find us glad at your next coming !
A LAMENT FOR ADONIS. By BION.
(Translation of Mrs. Browning. )
[Bion was born at Smyrna ; flourished about 280 ; contemporary of Theocri tus, and wrote pastorals in the same manner. He was greatly beloved. See " Lament for Bion " under Moschus. ]
I.
I mourn for Adonis — Adonis is dead,
Fair Adonis is dead and the Loves are lamenting.
Sleep, Cypris, no more on thy purple-strewed bed :
Arise, wretch stoled in black ; beat thy breast unrelenting,
And shriek to the worlds, " Fair Adonis is dead ! "
ii.
I mourn for Adonis — the Loves are lamenting. He lies on the hills in his beauty and death ;
The white tusk of a boar has transpierced his white thigh. Cytherea grows mad at his thin gasping breath,
While the black blood drips down on the pale ivory,
And his eyeballs lie quenched with the weight of his brows,
The rose fades from his lips, and upon them just parted The kiss dies the goddess consents not to lose,
Though the kiss of the Dead cannot make her glad-hearted : He knows not who kisses him dead in the dews.
in.
I mourn for Adonis — the Loves are lamenting. Deep, deep in the thigh is Adonis's wound,
A LAMENT FOR ADONIS.
But a deeper, is Cypris's bosom presenting.
The youth lieth dead while his dogs howl around,
And the nymphs weep aloud from the mists of the hill, And the poor Aphrodite, with tresses unbound,
All disheveled, unsandaled, shrieks mournful and shrill
Through the dusk of the groves. The thorns, tearing her feet,
Gather up the red flower of her blood which is holy, Each footstep she takes : and the valleys repeat
The sharp cry she utters and draw it out slowly. She calls on her spouse, her Assyrian, on him
Her own youth, while the dark blood spreads over his body, The chest taking hue from the gash in the limb,
And the bosom, once ivory, turning to ruddy.
IV.
Ah, ah, Cytherea! the Loves are lamenting.
She lost her fair spouse and so lost her fair smile :
When he lived she was fair, by the whole world's consenting, Whose fairness is dead with him : woe worth the while !
All the mountains above and the oaklands below Murmur, ah, ah, Adonis ! the streams overflow
Aphrodite's deep wail ; river fountains in pity
Weep soft in the hills, and the flowers as they blow
Redden outward with sorrow, while all hear her go
With the song of her sadness through mountain and city.
v.
Ah, ah, Cytherea ! Adonis is dead,
Fair Adonis is dead — Echo answers, Adonis!
Who weeps not for Cypris, when bowing her head
She stares at the wound where it gapes and astonies?
— When, ah, ah! — she saw how the blood ran away
And empurpled the thigh, and, with wild hands flung out,
Said with sobs : " Stay, Adonis ! unhappy one, stay, Let me feel thee once more, let me ring thee about With the clasp of my arms, and press kiss into kiss !
Wait a little, Adonis, and kiss me again,
For the last time, beloved, — and but so much of this
—That the kiss may learn life from the warmth of the strain !
Till thy breath shall exude from thy soul to my mouth, To my heart, and, the love charm I once more receiving
May drink thy love in it and keep of a truth That one kiss in the place of Adonis the living.
A LAMENT FOR ADONIS. 365
Thou fliest me, mournful one, fliest me far, — My Adonis, and seekest the Acheron portal,
To Hell's cruel King goest down with a scar,
While I weep and live on like a wretched immortal,
And follow no step ! O Persephone-, take him,
My husband ! — thou'rt better and brighter than I,
Look up at my grief ; there's despair in my cry,
Since I wail for Adonis who died to me — died to me —
Then, I fear thee ! — Art thou dead, my Adored ?
Passion ends like a dream in the sleep that's denied to me,
Cypris is widowed, the Loves seek their lord
All the house through in vain. Charm of cestus has ceased With thy clasp ! O too bold in the hunt past preventing,
Ay, mad, thou so fair, to have strife with a beast ! "
Thus the goddess wailed on — and the Loves are lamenting.
VI.
Ah, ah, Cytherea! Adonis is dead.
She wept tear after tear with the blood which was shed, And both turned into flowers for the earth's garden close, Her tears, to the windflower ; his blood, to the rose.
I mourn for Adonis — Adonis is dead.
Weep no more in the woods, Cytherea, thy lover !
So, well : make a place for his corse in thy bed,
With the purples thou sleepest in, under and over. He's fair though a corse — a fair corse, like a sleeper.
Lay him soft in the silks he had pleasure to fold When, beside thee at night, holy dreams deep and deeper
Enclosed his young life on the couch made of gold. Love him still, poor Adonis ; cast on him together
The crowns and the flowers : since he died from the place, Why, let all die with him ; let the blossoms go wither,
Rain myrtles and olive buds down on his face.
Rain the myrrh down, let all that is best fall a-pining,
Since the myrrh of his life from thy keeping is swept. Pale he lay, thine Adonis, in purples reclining ;
The Loves raised their voices around him and wept. They have shorn their bright curls off to cast on Adonis ; One treads on his bow, — on his arrows, another, —
One breaks up a well-feathered quiver, and one is
366
CASSANDRA'S PROPHECY
Bent low at a sandal, untying the strings,
And one carries the vases of gold from the springs, While one washes the wound, — and behind them a brother
Fans down on the body sweet air with his wings.
VIII.
Cytherea herself now the Loves are lamenting. Each torch at the door Hymenaeus blew out .
And, the marriage wreath dropping its leaves as repenting, No more " Hymen, Hymen," is chanted about,
Buttheaiaiinstead—"Aialas! " isbegun
For Adonis, and then follows " Ai Hymenaeus ! "
The Graces are weeping for Cinyris's son,
Sobbing low each to each, " His fair eyes cannot see us ! "
Their wail strikes more shrill than the sadder Dion<S's. The Fates mourn aloud for Adonis, Adonis,
Deep chanting ; he hears not a word that they say :
He would hear, but Persephone' has him in keeping. — Cease moan, Cytherea ! leave pomps for to-day,
And weep new when a new year refits thee for weeping.
CASSANDRA'S PROPHECY. By LYCOPHRON.
(Translated by Viscount Royston. )
[Ltcophkon, a Greek critic and tragic poet, born at Chalcis in Euboea, but an Alexandrian by residence and work, flourished in the reign of Ptolemy Phila- delphus, B. C. 286-247. Intrusted by him with the arrangement of the comedies in the Alexandrian library, he wrote a treatise on comedy, but his chief produc tion was a body of tragedies forty-six or sixty-four in number. His only extant work is "Cassandra," an imaginary prophecy by that daughter of Priam con cerning the fate of Troy and the Greek and Trojan heroes. ]
Hark, how Myrinna groans ! the shores resound With snorting steeds, and furious chivalry :
Down leaps the Wolf, to lap the blood of kings, Down on our strand ; within her wounded breast Earth feels the stroke, and pours the fateful stream On high, the fountains of the deep disclosed.
Now Mars showers down a fiery sleet, and winds His trumpet-shell, distilling blood, and now,
Knit with the Furies and the Fates in dance,
CASSANDRA'S PROPHECY.
Leads on the dreadful revelry ; the fields With iron harvests of embattled spears
Gleam ; from the towers I hear a voice of woe Rise to the steadfast Empyrean ; crowds
Of zoneless matrons rend their flowing robes, And sobs and shrieks cry loud unto the night One woe is past ! Another woe succeeds !
This, this shall gnaw my heart ! then shall I feel The venomed pang, the rankling of the soul,
Then when the Eagle, bony and gaunt and grim, Shall wave his shadowy wings, and plow the winds On clanging penns, and o'er the subject plain Wheel his wide-circling flight in many a gyre, Pounce on his prey, scream loud with savage joy, And plunge his talons in my Brother's breast,
(My best beloved, my Father's dear delight,
Our hope, our stay ! ) then, soaring to the clouds, Shower down his blood upon his native woods, And bathe the terrors of his beak in gore.
Oh God ! what column of our house, what stay, What massy bulwark fit to bear the weight
Of mightiest monarchies, hast thou o'erthrown ! But not without sharp pangs the Dorian host Shall scoff our tears, and mock our miseries,
And, as the corpse in sad procession rolls,
Shall laugh the loud and bitter laugh of scorn, When through the blazing helms and blazing prows Pale crowds shall rush, and with uplifted hands
And earnest prayer invoke protector Jove
Vainly ; for then nor foss, nor earthly mound,
Nor bars, nor bolts, nor massy walls, though flanked With beetling towers, and rough with palisades, Ought shall avail ; but (thick as clustering bees, When sulphurous streams ascend, and sudden flames Invade their populous cells) down from the barks, Heaps upon heaps, the dying swarms shall roll,
And temper foreign furrows with their gore !
Then, thrones and kingdoms, potentates whose veins Swell high with noble blood, whose falchions mow
" The ranks, and squadrons, and right forms of war," Down e'en to earth thy dreaded hands shall crush, Loaded with death, and maddening for the fray.
But I shall bear the weight of woe, but I
Shall shed the ceaseless tear ; for sad and dawn,
And sad the day shall rise when thou art slain !
368
CASSANDRA'S PROPHECY.
Of love ; but loathing shall possess thy soul, Thy blood shall flow upon thy father's hearth, And low the glories of thine head shall lie.
But I, who fled the bridal yoke, who count
The tedious moments, closed in dungeon walls
Dark and o'er-canopied with massy stone ;
E'en I, who drove the genial God of Day
Far from my couch, nor heeded that he rules
The Hours, Eternal beam ! essence divine !
Who vainly hoped to live pure as the maid,
The Laphrian virgin, till decrepit age
Should starve my cheeks, and wither all my prime ; Vainly shall call on the Bude'an queen,
Dragged like a dove unto the vulture's bed !
But she, who from the lofty throne of Jove
Shot like a star, and shed her looks benign
On Ilus, such as in his soul infused
Sovereign delight, upon the sculptured roof
Furious shall glance her ardent eyes ; the Greece For this one crime, aye for this one, shall weep Myriads of sons ; no funeral urn, but rocks
Shall hearse their bones ; no friends upon their dust Shall pour the dark libations of the dead ;
A name, a breath, an empty sound remains,
A fruitless marble warm with bitter tears
Of sires, and orphan babes, and widowed wives !
Ye cliffs of Zarax, and ye waves which wash Opheltes' crags, and melancholy shore,
Ye rocks of Trychas, Nedon's dangerous heights, Dirphossian ridges, and Diacrian caves,
Ye plains where Phorcys broods upon the deep, And founds his floating palaces, what sobs
Of dying men shall ye not hear ? what groans
Of masts and wrecks, all crashing in the wind ? What mighty waters, whose receding waves Bursting, shall rend the continents of earth ? What shoals shall writhe upon the sea-beat rocks ?
Saddest, while Time athwart the deep serene Rolls on the silver circle of the moon.
Thee too I weep, no more thy youthful form
Shall blossom with new beauties, now no more
Thy brother's arms shall twine about thy neck
In strict embrace, but to the Dragon's heart
Swift shalt thou send thy shafts entipped with flame, And round his bosom weave the limed nets
CASSANDRA'S PROPHECY.
While through the mantling majesty of clouds Descending thunderbolts shall blast their limbs, Who erst came heedless on, nor knew their course, Giddy with wine, and mad with jollity,
While on the cliffs the mighty felon sat
In baleful guidance, waving in his hand
The luring flame far streaming o'er the main.
One, like a sea bird floating on the foam,
The rush of waves shall dash between the rocks, On Gyrae's height spreading his dripping wings
To catch the drying gales, and sun his plumes ; But rising in his might, the King of Floods
Shall dash the boaster with his forky mace
Sheer from the marble battlements, to roam
With ores, and screaming gulls, and forms marine ; And on the shore his mangled corpse shall lie,
E'en as a dolphin, withering in the beams
Of Sol, 'mid weedy refuse of the surge
And bedded heaps of putrefying ooze ;
These sad remains the Nereid shall inurn,
The silver-footed dame beloved of Jove,
And by th' Ortygian Isle shall rise the tomb, O'er which the white foam of the billowy wave Shall dash, and shake the marble sepulchre Rocked by the broad iEgean ; to the shades
His sprite shall flit, and sternly chide the Queen Of soft desires, the Melinean dame,
Who round him shall entwine the subtile net, And breathe upon his soul the blast of love,
If love it may be called, — a sudden gust, A transient flame, a self-consuming fire, A meteor lighted by the Furies' torch.
Woe ! woe ! inextricable woe, and sounds
Of sullen sobs shall echo round the shore
From where Araethus rolls to where on high Libethrian Dotium rears his massy gates !
What groans shall peal on Acherusian banks
To hymn my spousals ! how upon the soul,
Voice, other than the voice of joy, shall swell,
When many a hero floating on the wave
Sea monsters shall devour with bloody jaws !
When many a warrior stretched upon the strand Shall feel the thoughts of home rush on his heart,
" By strangers honored, and by strangers mourned ! " vol. iv. — 24
370 EPIGRAMS AND EPITAPHS OF CALLIMACHDS.
EPIGRAMS AND EPITAPHS OF CALLIMACHUS. (Verse translations made for this work. )
[Callimachus, a celebrated Greek poet, was born at Cyrene in Africa, and became librarian of the Alexandrian library about b. c. 260, holding the position till his death about 240. He was regarded as the greatest of Greek elegiac poets; and was also a great critic and teacher, several famous men being his pupils. ]
Late hearing, Heraclitus, of thine end,
The tears welled in me as the memory rose How oft we twain had made the sunset close
Upon our converse ; yet I know, my friend, Singer of Halicarnassus, that thou must Long, long ago have moldered into dust.
But still thy strains survive, and Hades old, All-spoiler, shall not grasp them in his hold.
Here dwell I, Timon, the man-hater : but pass on : bid me woes as many as you will, only pass on.
A. Doth Charidas rest beneath thee ? B. If you mean the son of Arimnas the Cyrenaean, he rests beneath me. A. O Charidas, what are the things below? B. Vast darkness. A. And what the returns to earth? B. A lie. A. And Pluto? B. A fable, we have perished utterly. This is my true speech to you ; but if you want the pleasant style of speech, the Pel- laean's great ox is in the shades. (That is, I can lie to you as well about the immortality of cattle as of men. )
Oft mourn the Samian maids that passed away Is witty Crethis, graceful in her play,
A fellow-worker brightening all the day,
And free of speech ; but here she soundly sleeps The slumber fate for every mortal keeps.
Would there had never been swift ships : for then we would not lament for Sopolis, son of Dioclides. But now he drifts a corse somewhere in the sea, and in his stead we pass by a name and a cenotaph.
At dawn we were burying Menalippus, and at sunset the maiden Basilo died by her own hand. For she had not the heart to live, when she had placed her brother in the flame. So the house of their sire Aristippus saw a double woe ; and
EPIGRAMS AND EPITAPHS OF CALLIMACHUS. 371
all Cyrene was downcast, when it saw the house of persons happy in their children bereaved.
From small means I had a light subsistence, neither doing aught ill, nor wronging any one. O dear earth, if I, Micilus, have commended aught that is bad, neither do thou lie light on me, nor ye other gods, who hold me.
The three-years-old Astyanax, while sporting round about a well, a mute image of a form drew in to itself. And from the water the mother snatched her drenched boy, examining whether he had any portion of life. But the infant did not defile the Nymphs, for, hushed on the lap of his mother, he sleeps his deep sleep.
Worn out with age and poverty, and no man outstretching a contribution for misfortune, I have come into my tomb by degrees with my trembling limbs. With difficulty have I found the goal of a troublous life. And in my case the cus tom of the dead hath been changed. For I did not die first, and then was buried ; but was buried, and then died.
Bid me not hail, bad heart, but pass on. Thy not laughing is equal joy to me.
The hunter, O Epicydes, hunts on the mountain crag
For hare and trail of antelope — versed in the rime and the snow;
But if any one call to him, " Here is a stricken and dying stag," He scorns the helpless quarry and lets the vantage go.
Such is my love : it is apt at pursuing what flies it most fleet,
But hastens, unheeding its gain, past the captive that lies at its feet.
May you sleep, Conopium, Flinty-hearted maiden,
As at this cold vestibule
You leave me serenading !
May you sleep, you wicked girl, The sleep you give your lover :
Pity even in a dream You cannot discover !
Neighbors pity, but not you, Even in your slumber :
Soon, though, you'll remember this When gray hairs you number !
372 THE VOYAGE OF THE AKGO.
THE VOYAGE OF THE ARGO. By APOLLONIUS BHODIUS.
[Apollohius was born about b. c. 236, at Alexandria or its neighbor Nau- cratis. He studied under Callimachus ; they quarreled and lampooned each other bitterly, and the superior prestige of the master prevented the pupil's work from"gaining recognition ; the latter then removed to Rhodes (whence his nickname The Rhodian "), was at once acknowledged the best poet of his day, and later returned famous to Alexandria, becoming librarian of"the great royal museum there. He died in 181. His chief surviving work is the Argonautica," an epic on the search for the Golden Fleece, imitating Homer with much grace
and force. ]
The Harpies.
Here Phineus, son of Agenor, had his home beside the sea ; he who, by reason of the divination that the son of Leto granted him aforetime, suffered most awful woes, far beyond all men ; for not one jot did he regard even Zeus himself, in foretelling the sacred purpose to men unerringly. Wherefore Zeus granted him a weary length of days, but reft his eyes of the sweet light, nor suffered him to have any joy of all the countless gifts, which those, who dwelt around and sought to him for oracles, were ever bringing to his house. But suddenly through the clouds the Harpies darted nigh, and kept snatching them from his mouth or hands in their talons. Sometimes never a morsel of food was left him, sometimes a scrap, that he might live and suffer. And upon his food they spread a fetid stench ; and none could endure to bring food to his mouth, but stood afar
off ; so foul a reek breathed from the remnants of his meal. At once, when he heard the sound and noise of a company, he per ceived that they were the very men now passing by, at whose coming an oracle from Zeus had said that he should enjoy his food. Up from his couch he rose, as it were, a lifeless phan tom, and, leaning on his staff, came to the door on his wrinkled feet, feeling his way along the walls ; and, as he went, his limbs trembled from weakness and age, and his skin was dry and caked with filth, and naught but the skin held his bones together. So he came forth from his hall, and sat down with heavy knees on the threshold of the court, and a dark mantle wrapped him, and seemed to sweep the ground below all round ; and there he sank with never a word, in strengthless lethargy.
But they, when they saw him, gathered round, and were astonied. And he, drawing a labored breath from the bottom
THE VOYAGE OF THE ARGO. 373
of his chest, took up his parable for them and said : " Hearken, choice sons of all the Hellenes, if 'tis you in very truth, whom now Jason, at the king's chill bidding, is leading on the ship Argo to fetch the fleece. 'Tis surely you. Still doth my mind know each thing by its divining. Wherefore to thee, my prince, thou son of Leto, do I give thanks even in my cruel sufferings. By Zeus, the god of suppliants, most awful god to sinful men, for Phoebus' sake and for the sake of Hera herself, who before all other gods hath had you in her keeping as ye came, help me, I implore ; rescue a hapless wretch from misery, and do not heedlessly go hence and leave me thus. For not only hath the avenging fiend set his heel upon my eyes, not only do I drag out to the end a tedious old age, but yet another most bitter pain is added to the tale. Harpies, swooping from some unseen den of destruction, that I see not, do snatch the food from my mouth. And I have no plan to help me. But lightly would my mind forget her longing for a meal, or the thought of them, so quickly fly they through the air. But as happens at times, they leave me some scrap of food, noisome stench hath, and smell too strong to bear, nor could any mortal man draw nigh and bear even for little while, no, not though his heart were forged of adamant. But me, God wot, doth ne cessity, cruel and insatiate, constrain to abide, and abiding to put such food in my miserable belly. Them 'tis heaven's decree that the sons of Boreas shall check and they shall ward them off, for they are my kinsmen, indeed am that Phineus, who in days gone by had name amongst men for my wealth and divination, whom Agenor, my sire, begat their sister Cleo patra did bring to my house as wife with gifts of wooing,
what time ruled among the Thracians. "
So spake the son of Agenor and deep sorrow took hold on
each of the heroes, but specially on the two sons of Boreas. But they wiped away tear and drew nigh, and thus spake Zetes, taking in his the hand of the suffering old man " Ah poor sufferer, methinks there no other man more wretched than thee. Why that such woes have fastened on thee Is that thou hast sinned against the gods in deadly folly through thy skill in divination Wherefore are they so greatly wroth against thee Lo our heart within us sorely bewildered, though we yearn to help thee, in very truth the god hath re served for us twain this honor. For plain to see are the rebukes that the immortals send on us men of earth. Nor will we check
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