punish the
murderers
of his father, and put Poly.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - a
But palvóueva are of two kinds to have been founded by Cyzicus, the son of
Yola and koivà (Sext. Emp. adv. Log. ii. 8), the Aeneas.
(L. S. ]
perceptions of individuals, and those common to AEOʻLIDES (Aiorlans), a patronymic given to
mankind. Here again Aenesidemus seems to lose the sons of Aeolus, as Athamas (Or. Met. ir.
sight of the sceptical system, which (in speculation 511), Magnes (Paus. vi. 21. $ 7), Nacareus (Ov.
at least) admitted no degrees of truth, doubt, or Met. ix. 506). Misenus (Virg. Aen. vi. 164),
## p. 35 (#55) ##############################################
AEOLUS.
35
AEPYTUS.
Sisyphus (Or. Met. xiii. 26 ; Hom. Il. vi. 154), and piung king, behaved kindly to the natives,
Cretheus (Hom. Od. zi. 237), locastus (Tzetz. ad and taught them the use of sails in navigation, and
Lycophr. 732); and to his grandsons, as Cephalus foretold them from signs which he observed in the
(Ov. Met. vi. 621), Odysseus (Virg. Sen. vi. 529), fire the nature of the winds that were to rise.
and Phrygus. (Val Flacc. i. 286. ) Aeolis is the llence, says Diodorus, Acolus is described in
patronymic of the female descendants of Aeolus, mythology as the ruler over the winds, and it was
and is given to his daughters Canace and Alcyone. this Aeolus to whom Odysseus came during his
(Ov. Met. xi. 573; Heroid. xi. 5. ) (L. S. ] wanderings. A different account of the matter is
AE'OLUS (Aloos). In the mythical history given by Hyginus. (Fab. 186. )
of Greece there are three personages of this name, In these accounts Aeolus, the father of the
who are spoken of by ancient writers as connected Aeolian race, is placed in relationship with Aeolus
with one another, but this connexion is so con- the ruler and god of the winds. The groundwork
fused, that it is impossible to gain a clear view of on which this connexion has been formed by later
them. (Müller, Orchom. p. 138, &c. ) We shall poets and mythographers, is found in Homer. (Od.
follow Diodorus, who distinguishes between the X. 2, &c. ) În Homer, however, Aeolus, the son
three, although in other passages he confounds of Hippotes, is neither the god nor the father of
them.
the winds, but merely the happy ruler of the
1. A son of Hellen and the nymph Orseïs, and Aeolian island, whom Cronion had made the
a brother of Dorus and Xuthus. He is described Tauins of the winds, which he might soothe or ex-
as the ruler of Thessaly, and regarded as the cite according to his pleasure. (Od. x. 21, &c. )
founder of the Aeolic branch of the Greek nation. This statement of Homer and the etymology of
He married Enarete, the daughter of Dermachus, the name of Aeolus from déuw were the cause,
by whom he had seven sons and five daughters, that in later times Aeolus was regarded as the god
and according to some writers still more. (Apollod. and king of the winds, which he kept enclosed in
i. 7. $ 8; Schol. ad Pind. Pyth. iv. 190. ) Ac-a mountain. It is therefore to him that Juno ap-
cording to Müller's supposition, the most ancient plies when she wishes to destroy the fleet of the
and genuine story knew only of four sons of Trojans. (Virg. Aen. i. 78. ) The Aeolian island
Aeolus, viz. Sisyphus, Athamas, Cretheus, and of Homer was in the time of Pausanias believed to
Salmoneus, as the representatives of the four main be Lipara (Paus. x. 11. & 3), and this or Strongyle
branches of the Aeolic race. The great extent of was accordingly regarded in later times as the place
country which this race occupied, and the desire of in which the god of the winds dwelled. (Virg.
each part of it to trace its origin to some descend. Aen. vii. 416, i. 52; Strab. vi. p. 276. ) Other
ant of Aeolus, probably gave rise to the varying accounts place the residence of Aeolus in Thrace
accounts about the number of his children. Ac (Apollon. Rhod. i. 954, iv. 765; Callim. Hymn.
cording to Hyginus (Fab. 238, 242) Aeolus had in Del. 26), or the neighbourhood of Rhegium
one son of the name of Macareus, who, after hav- in Italy. (Tzetz. ad Lycophr. 732; comp. Diod.
ing committed incest with his sister Canace, put v. 8. ). "The following passages of later poets also
an end to his own life. According to Ovid (Heroid. shew how universally Aeolus had gradually come
11) Aeolus threw the fruit of this love to the to be regarded as a god : 0v. Met. i. 264, xi. 748.
dogs, and sent his daughter a sword by which she xiv. 223; Val. Flacc. i. 575; Quint. Smyrn. xiv.
was to kill herself. (Comp. Plut. Parullel. p. 312. ) 475. Whether he was represented hy the an-
2. Diodorus (iv. 67) says, that the second cients in works of art is not certain, but we now
Aeolus was the great-grandson of the first Aeolus, possess no representation of him. (L. S. ]
being the son of Hippotes and Melanippe, and AE'PYTUS (Aynutos). 1. One of the mythi.
the grandson of Mimas the son of Aeolus. Ame, cal kings of Arcadia. He was the son of Eilatus
the daughter of this second Aeolus, afterwards be (Pind. Ol. vi. 54), and originally ruled over Phac-
came mother of a third Aeolus. (Comp. Paus. ix. sana on the Alpheius in Arcadia. When Cleitor,
40. § 3. ) In another passage (v. 7) Diodorus re the son of Azan, died without learing any issue,
presents the third Aeolus as a son of Hippotes. Aepytus succeeded him and became king of the
3. According to some accounts a son of Hip- Arcadians, a part of whose country was called
potes, or, according to others, of Poseidon and after him Aepytis. (Paus. vii. 4. $ 4, 34. § 3. )
Ame, the daughter of the second Aeolus. His He is said to have been killed during the chase on
story, which probably refers to the emigration of a mount Sepia by the bite of a venomous snake.
branch of the Aeolians to the west, is thus related : (Paus. viii. 4. § 4, 16. § 2. ) His tomb there was
Arne declared to her father that she was with child still shewn in the time of Pausanias, and he was
by Poseidon, but her father disbelieving her state anxious to see it, because it was mentioned in
ident, gave her to a stranger of Metapontum in Homer. (1l. ii. 604. )
Italy, who took her to his native town. Here she 2. The youngest son of Cresphontes the He-
became mother of two sons, Boeotus and Aeo raclid, king of Messenia, and of Merope, the
lus (iii. ), who were adopted by the man of Meta- daughter of the Arcadian king Cypselus. Cres-
pontum in accordance with an oracle. When they phontes and his other sons were murdered during
had grown up to manhood, they took possession of an insurrection, and Aepytus alone, who was
the sovereignty of Metapontum by force. But educated in the house of his grandfather Cypselus,
when a dispute afterwards arose between their escaped the danger. The throne of Creephontes
mother Arne and their foster-mother Autolyte, the was in the meantime occupied by the Heraclid
two brothers slew the latter and filed with their Polyphontes, who also forced Merope to become his
mother from Metapontum. Aeolus went to some wife. (Apollod. ii. 8. $ 5. ) When Aepytus had
islands in the Tyrrhenian sea, which received from grown to manhood, he was enabled by the aid of
him the name of the Aeolian islands, and accord-Holcas, his father-in-law, to return to bis kingdom,
ing to some accounts built the town of Lipara.
punish the murderers of his father, and put Poly.
(Liod. iv. 57, v. 7. ) Here he reigned as a just i phontes to death. He left a son, Glaucus, and it
a
D 2
## p. 36 (#56) ##############################################
36
AEROPUS.
A ESCHINES.
.
was from him that subsequently the kings of Moss | alone. He was succeeded by his son Pausanias.
senia were called Aepytids instead of the more (Diod. xiv. 37, 84; Dexippus, ap. Syncell. p. 263, a;
general name Heraclide. (Paus. iv. 3. § 3, &c. comp. Polynen. ii. 1. & 17. )
viji
. 5. $ 5; Hygin. Fub. 137, 184. )
· A E'SACUS (Ato akos), a son of Priam and
3. A son of Hippothous, and king of Arcadia Arisbe, the danghter of Merops, from whom Aesa-
He was a great-grandson of the Aepytus mentioned cus learned the art of interpreting dreams. When
first. He was reigning at the time when Orestes, Hecuba during her pregnancy with Paris dreamt
in consequence of an oracle, left Mycenae and that she was giving birth to a burning piece of
settled in Arcadia. There was at Mantineia a wood which spread conflagration through the
sanctuary, which down to the latest time no mortal whole city, Aesacus explained this to inean, that
was ever allowed to enter. Aepytus disregarding she would give birth to a son who would be the
the sacred custom crossed the threshold, but was ruin of the city, and accordingly recommended the
immediately struck with blindness, and died soon exposure of the child after its birth. (PARIS)
after. He was succeeded by his son Cypselus. Aesacus himself was married to Asterope, the
(Paus. viji. 5. § 3. )
(L. S. ] daughter of the river-god Cebren, who died early,
A E'RIUS ('Aépios), Heretic, the intimate friend and while he was lamenting her death he was
of Eustathius of Sebaste in Armenia, A. D. 360, changed into a bird. (Apollod. ii. 12. $ 5. ) Ovid
was living when St. Epiphanius wrote his Book (Net. xi. 750) relates his story differently. Ac-
against Heresies, A. D. 374-6. After living togecording to him, Aesacus was the son of Alexirhoë,
ther an ascetic life, Eustathius was raised to the the daughter of the river Granicus. He lived far
episcopate, and by him Aerius was ordained priest from his father's court in the solitude of mountain-
and set over the Hospital (atwyor podeiov) of Pon- forests. Hesperia, however, the daughter of
tus. (St. Epiph. udv. Haer. 75. § 1. ) But nothing Cebren, kindled love in his heart, and on ode oc-
could allay the envy of Aërius at the elevation of casion while he was pursuing her, she was stung
his companion. Caresses and threats were in vain, by a viper and died. Aesacus in his grief threw
and at last he left Eustathius, and publicly accused himself into the sea and was changed by Thetis
him of covetousness. He assembled a troop of into an aquatic bird.
(L. S. )
men and women, who with him professed the • A EʻSARA (Aiodpa), of Lucania, a female
renunciation of all worldly goods (drotatia). De Pythagorean philosopher, said to be a daughter of
nied entrance into the towns, they roamed about Pythagoras, wiote a work “about Human Nature, "
the fields, and lodged in the open air or in caves, of which a fragment is preserved by Stobaeus.
exposed to the inclemency of the seasons. Aërius (Ed. 1. p. 847, ed. Heeren. ) Some editons attri-
superadded to the irreligion of Arius the following bute this fragment to Aresas, one of the successors
errors: 1. The denial of a difference of order be- of Pythagoras, but Bentley preſers reading Aesara
tween a bishop and a priest. 2. The rejection of She is also mentioned in the life of Pythagoras
prayer and alms for the dead. 3. The refusal to (ap. Phot. Cod. 249, p. 438, b. ed. Bekker), where
observe Easter and stated fasts, on the ground of Bentley reads Aloápa instead of Lapa (Dissertation
such observances being Jewish. St Epiphanius upon Phalaris, p. 277. )
refutes these errors. (l. c. ) There were remains AE'SCHINES (Aloxívns), the orator, was born
of his followers in the time of St. Augustine. (Adv. in Attica in the demus of Cothocidae, in B. C. 389,
Haer. § 53, vol. viii. p. 18, which was written as is clear from his speech against Timarchus (p.
A. D. 428. )
(A. J. C. ) 78), which was delivered in B. C. 345, and in
A E'ROPE ('Aepóan), a daughter of Crateus, which he himself says that he was then in his forty-
king of Crete, and granddaughter of Minos. Her fifth year. He was the son of Tromes and Glau-
father, who had received an oracle that he should cothea, and if we listen to the account of Demos-
lose his life by one of his children, gave her and thenes, his political antagonist, his father was not
her sister, Clynene, to Nauplius, who was to sell a free citizen of Athens, but had been a slave in
them in a foreign land. Another sister, A pemone, the house of Elpias, a schoolmaster. After the re-
and her brother, Aethernenes, who had heard of the turn of the Athenian exiles under Thrasybulus,
oracle, had left Crete and gone to Rbodes. Aërope Tromes himself kept a small school, and Aeschines
afterwards married Pleisthenes, the son of Atreus, in his youth assisted his father and performed
and became by him the mother of Agamemnon such services as were unworthy of a free Athenian
and Menelaus. (Apollod. iii. 2. § 1, &c. ; Serv. ad youth. Demosthenes further states, that Aes
Aen. i. 458; Dictys Cret. i. 1. ) After the death chines, in order to conceal the low condition of his
of Pleisthenes Aërope married Atreus, and her two father, changed his name Tromes into Atrometus,
sons, who were educated by Atreus, were generally and that he afterwards usurped the rights of an
believed to be his sons. Aërope, however, became Athenian citizen. (Dem. De Coron. pp. 313, 320,
faithless to Atreus, being seduced by Thyestes. 270. ) The mother of Aeschines is described as
(Eurip. Orest. 5, &c. , Helen. 397 ; Hygin. Fab. originally a dancer and a prostitute, who even after
87; Schol. ad Hom. I. ii. 249; Serv. ad Aen. xi. her marriage with Tromes continued to carry on
262. )
(L. S. ] unlawful practices in her house, and made money
AEROPLUS ('Αέροπος). 1. The brother of by initiating low and superstitions persons into
Perdiccas, who was the first king of Macedonia of sort of private mysteries. She is said to have
the family of Temenus. (Herod. viii. 137. ) been generally known at Athens under the nick-
2. I. King of Macedonia, the son of Philip I. , name Empusa. According to Aeschines himself,
the great-grandson of Perdiccas, the first king, and on the other hand, his father Atrometus was de
the father of Alcetas. (Herod. viii. 139. )
scended from an honourable family, and was in
3. II. King of Macedonia, guardian of Oresten some way even connected with the noble priestly
the son of Archelaus, reigned nearly six years family of the Eteobutadae. He was originally an
from B. C. 399. The first four years of this time athlete, but lost his property during the time of
he reigned jointly with Orestes, and the remainder the Peloponnesian war, and was afterwards driven
## p. 37 (#57) ##############################################
AESCHINES.
87
AESCHINES.
from his country under the tyranny of the Thirty. | Athens. Temenides, who was sent with him,
He then served in the Athenian armies in Asia bure witness to his courage and bravery, and the
and spent the remainder of his life at Athens, at Athenians honoured him with a crown. (Aesch.
first in reduced circumstances. (Aesch. De fals. De fals Leg. p. 51. )
Leg. pp. 38, 47. ) His mother, too, was a free Two years before this campaign, the last in
Athenian citizen, and the daughter of Glaucias of which he took part, he had come forward at Athens
Acharne. Which of these accounts is true, can- as a public speaker (Aesch. Epist. 12), and the
not be decided, but there seems to be no doubt military fame which he had now acquired estab-
that Demosthenes is guilty of exaggeration in his lished his reputation. His former occupation as a
account of the parents of Aeschines and his early scribe to Aristophon and Eubulus had made him
youth.
acquainted with the laws and constitution of
Aeschines had two brothers, one of whom, Phi- Athens, while his acting on the stage had been a
lochares, was older than himself, and the other, useful preparation for public speaking.
Yola and koivà (Sext. Emp. adv. Log. ii. 8), the Aeneas.
(L. S. ]
perceptions of individuals, and those common to AEOʻLIDES (Aiorlans), a patronymic given to
mankind. Here again Aenesidemus seems to lose the sons of Aeolus, as Athamas (Or. Met. ir.
sight of the sceptical system, which (in speculation 511), Magnes (Paus. vi. 21. $ 7), Nacareus (Ov.
at least) admitted no degrees of truth, doubt, or Met. ix. 506). Misenus (Virg. Aen. vi. 164),
## p. 35 (#55) ##############################################
AEOLUS.
35
AEPYTUS.
Sisyphus (Or. Met. xiii. 26 ; Hom. Il. vi. 154), and piung king, behaved kindly to the natives,
Cretheus (Hom. Od. zi. 237), locastus (Tzetz. ad and taught them the use of sails in navigation, and
Lycophr. 732); and to his grandsons, as Cephalus foretold them from signs which he observed in the
(Ov. Met. vi. 621), Odysseus (Virg. Sen. vi. 529), fire the nature of the winds that were to rise.
and Phrygus. (Val Flacc. i. 286. ) Aeolis is the llence, says Diodorus, Acolus is described in
patronymic of the female descendants of Aeolus, mythology as the ruler over the winds, and it was
and is given to his daughters Canace and Alcyone. this Aeolus to whom Odysseus came during his
(Ov. Met. xi. 573; Heroid. xi. 5. ) (L. S. ] wanderings. A different account of the matter is
AE'OLUS (Aloos). In the mythical history given by Hyginus. (Fab. 186. )
of Greece there are three personages of this name, In these accounts Aeolus, the father of the
who are spoken of by ancient writers as connected Aeolian race, is placed in relationship with Aeolus
with one another, but this connexion is so con- the ruler and god of the winds. The groundwork
fused, that it is impossible to gain a clear view of on which this connexion has been formed by later
them. (Müller, Orchom. p. 138, &c. ) We shall poets and mythographers, is found in Homer. (Od.
follow Diodorus, who distinguishes between the X. 2, &c. ) În Homer, however, Aeolus, the son
three, although in other passages he confounds of Hippotes, is neither the god nor the father of
them.
the winds, but merely the happy ruler of the
1. A son of Hellen and the nymph Orseïs, and Aeolian island, whom Cronion had made the
a brother of Dorus and Xuthus. He is described Tauins of the winds, which he might soothe or ex-
as the ruler of Thessaly, and regarded as the cite according to his pleasure. (Od. x. 21, &c. )
founder of the Aeolic branch of the Greek nation. This statement of Homer and the etymology of
He married Enarete, the daughter of Dermachus, the name of Aeolus from déuw were the cause,
by whom he had seven sons and five daughters, that in later times Aeolus was regarded as the god
and according to some writers still more. (Apollod. and king of the winds, which he kept enclosed in
i. 7. $ 8; Schol. ad Pind. Pyth. iv. 190. ) Ac-a mountain. It is therefore to him that Juno ap-
cording to Müller's supposition, the most ancient plies when she wishes to destroy the fleet of the
and genuine story knew only of four sons of Trojans. (Virg. Aen. i. 78. ) The Aeolian island
Aeolus, viz. Sisyphus, Athamas, Cretheus, and of Homer was in the time of Pausanias believed to
Salmoneus, as the representatives of the four main be Lipara (Paus. x. 11. & 3), and this or Strongyle
branches of the Aeolic race. The great extent of was accordingly regarded in later times as the place
country which this race occupied, and the desire of in which the god of the winds dwelled. (Virg.
each part of it to trace its origin to some descend. Aen. vii. 416, i. 52; Strab. vi. p. 276. ) Other
ant of Aeolus, probably gave rise to the varying accounts place the residence of Aeolus in Thrace
accounts about the number of his children. Ac (Apollon. Rhod. i. 954, iv. 765; Callim. Hymn.
cording to Hyginus (Fab. 238, 242) Aeolus had in Del. 26), or the neighbourhood of Rhegium
one son of the name of Macareus, who, after hav- in Italy. (Tzetz. ad Lycophr. 732; comp. Diod.
ing committed incest with his sister Canace, put v. 8. ). "The following passages of later poets also
an end to his own life. According to Ovid (Heroid. shew how universally Aeolus had gradually come
11) Aeolus threw the fruit of this love to the to be regarded as a god : 0v. Met. i. 264, xi. 748.
dogs, and sent his daughter a sword by which she xiv. 223; Val. Flacc. i. 575; Quint. Smyrn. xiv.
was to kill herself. (Comp. Plut. Parullel. p. 312. ) 475. Whether he was represented hy the an-
2. Diodorus (iv. 67) says, that the second cients in works of art is not certain, but we now
Aeolus was the great-grandson of the first Aeolus, possess no representation of him. (L. S. ]
being the son of Hippotes and Melanippe, and AE'PYTUS (Aynutos). 1. One of the mythi.
the grandson of Mimas the son of Aeolus. Ame, cal kings of Arcadia. He was the son of Eilatus
the daughter of this second Aeolus, afterwards be (Pind. Ol. vi. 54), and originally ruled over Phac-
came mother of a third Aeolus. (Comp. Paus. ix. sana on the Alpheius in Arcadia. When Cleitor,
40. § 3. ) In another passage (v. 7) Diodorus re the son of Azan, died without learing any issue,
presents the third Aeolus as a son of Hippotes. Aepytus succeeded him and became king of the
3. According to some accounts a son of Hip- Arcadians, a part of whose country was called
potes, or, according to others, of Poseidon and after him Aepytis. (Paus. vii. 4. $ 4, 34. § 3. )
Ame, the daughter of the second Aeolus. His He is said to have been killed during the chase on
story, which probably refers to the emigration of a mount Sepia by the bite of a venomous snake.
branch of the Aeolians to the west, is thus related : (Paus. viii. 4. § 4, 16. § 2. ) His tomb there was
Arne declared to her father that she was with child still shewn in the time of Pausanias, and he was
by Poseidon, but her father disbelieving her state anxious to see it, because it was mentioned in
ident, gave her to a stranger of Metapontum in Homer. (1l. ii. 604. )
Italy, who took her to his native town. Here she 2. The youngest son of Cresphontes the He-
became mother of two sons, Boeotus and Aeo raclid, king of Messenia, and of Merope, the
lus (iii. ), who were adopted by the man of Meta- daughter of the Arcadian king Cypselus. Cres-
pontum in accordance with an oracle. When they phontes and his other sons were murdered during
had grown up to manhood, they took possession of an insurrection, and Aepytus alone, who was
the sovereignty of Metapontum by force. But educated in the house of his grandfather Cypselus,
when a dispute afterwards arose between their escaped the danger. The throne of Creephontes
mother Arne and their foster-mother Autolyte, the was in the meantime occupied by the Heraclid
two brothers slew the latter and filed with their Polyphontes, who also forced Merope to become his
mother from Metapontum. Aeolus went to some wife. (Apollod. ii. 8. $ 5. ) When Aepytus had
islands in the Tyrrhenian sea, which received from grown to manhood, he was enabled by the aid of
him the name of the Aeolian islands, and accord-Holcas, his father-in-law, to return to bis kingdom,
ing to some accounts built the town of Lipara.
punish the murderers of his father, and put Poly.
(Liod. iv. 57, v. 7. ) Here he reigned as a just i phontes to death. He left a son, Glaucus, and it
a
D 2
## p. 36 (#56) ##############################################
36
AEROPUS.
A ESCHINES.
.
was from him that subsequently the kings of Moss | alone. He was succeeded by his son Pausanias.
senia were called Aepytids instead of the more (Diod. xiv. 37, 84; Dexippus, ap. Syncell. p. 263, a;
general name Heraclide. (Paus. iv. 3. § 3, &c. comp. Polynen. ii. 1. & 17. )
viji
. 5. $ 5; Hygin. Fub. 137, 184. )
· A E'SACUS (Ato akos), a son of Priam and
3. A son of Hippothous, and king of Arcadia Arisbe, the danghter of Merops, from whom Aesa-
He was a great-grandson of the Aepytus mentioned cus learned the art of interpreting dreams. When
first. He was reigning at the time when Orestes, Hecuba during her pregnancy with Paris dreamt
in consequence of an oracle, left Mycenae and that she was giving birth to a burning piece of
settled in Arcadia. There was at Mantineia a wood which spread conflagration through the
sanctuary, which down to the latest time no mortal whole city, Aesacus explained this to inean, that
was ever allowed to enter. Aepytus disregarding she would give birth to a son who would be the
the sacred custom crossed the threshold, but was ruin of the city, and accordingly recommended the
immediately struck with blindness, and died soon exposure of the child after its birth. (PARIS)
after. He was succeeded by his son Cypselus. Aesacus himself was married to Asterope, the
(Paus. viji. 5. § 3. )
(L. S. ] daughter of the river-god Cebren, who died early,
A E'RIUS ('Aépios), Heretic, the intimate friend and while he was lamenting her death he was
of Eustathius of Sebaste in Armenia, A. D. 360, changed into a bird. (Apollod. ii. 12. $ 5. ) Ovid
was living when St. Epiphanius wrote his Book (Net. xi. 750) relates his story differently. Ac-
against Heresies, A. D. 374-6. After living togecording to him, Aesacus was the son of Alexirhoë,
ther an ascetic life, Eustathius was raised to the the daughter of the river Granicus. He lived far
episcopate, and by him Aerius was ordained priest from his father's court in the solitude of mountain-
and set over the Hospital (atwyor podeiov) of Pon- forests. Hesperia, however, the daughter of
tus. (St. Epiph. udv. Haer. 75. § 1. ) But nothing Cebren, kindled love in his heart, and on ode oc-
could allay the envy of Aërius at the elevation of casion while he was pursuing her, she was stung
his companion. Caresses and threats were in vain, by a viper and died. Aesacus in his grief threw
and at last he left Eustathius, and publicly accused himself into the sea and was changed by Thetis
him of covetousness. He assembled a troop of into an aquatic bird.
(L. S. )
men and women, who with him professed the • A EʻSARA (Aiodpa), of Lucania, a female
renunciation of all worldly goods (drotatia). De Pythagorean philosopher, said to be a daughter of
nied entrance into the towns, they roamed about Pythagoras, wiote a work “about Human Nature, "
the fields, and lodged in the open air or in caves, of which a fragment is preserved by Stobaeus.
exposed to the inclemency of the seasons. Aërius (Ed. 1. p. 847, ed. Heeren. ) Some editons attri-
superadded to the irreligion of Arius the following bute this fragment to Aresas, one of the successors
errors: 1. The denial of a difference of order be- of Pythagoras, but Bentley preſers reading Aesara
tween a bishop and a priest. 2. The rejection of She is also mentioned in the life of Pythagoras
prayer and alms for the dead. 3. The refusal to (ap. Phot. Cod. 249, p. 438, b. ed. Bekker), where
observe Easter and stated fasts, on the ground of Bentley reads Aloápa instead of Lapa (Dissertation
such observances being Jewish. St Epiphanius upon Phalaris, p. 277. )
refutes these errors. (l. c. ) There were remains AE'SCHINES (Aloxívns), the orator, was born
of his followers in the time of St. Augustine. (Adv. in Attica in the demus of Cothocidae, in B. C. 389,
Haer. § 53, vol. viii. p. 18, which was written as is clear from his speech against Timarchus (p.
A. D. 428. )
(A. J. C. ) 78), which was delivered in B. C. 345, and in
A E'ROPE ('Aepóan), a daughter of Crateus, which he himself says that he was then in his forty-
king of Crete, and granddaughter of Minos. Her fifth year. He was the son of Tromes and Glau-
father, who had received an oracle that he should cothea, and if we listen to the account of Demos-
lose his life by one of his children, gave her and thenes, his political antagonist, his father was not
her sister, Clynene, to Nauplius, who was to sell a free citizen of Athens, but had been a slave in
them in a foreign land. Another sister, A pemone, the house of Elpias, a schoolmaster. After the re-
and her brother, Aethernenes, who had heard of the turn of the Athenian exiles under Thrasybulus,
oracle, had left Crete and gone to Rbodes. Aërope Tromes himself kept a small school, and Aeschines
afterwards married Pleisthenes, the son of Atreus, in his youth assisted his father and performed
and became by him the mother of Agamemnon such services as were unworthy of a free Athenian
and Menelaus. (Apollod. iii. 2. § 1, &c. ; Serv. ad youth. Demosthenes further states, that Aes
Aen. i. 458; Dictys Cret. i. 1. ) After the death chines, in order to conceal the low condition of his
of Pleisthenes Aërope married Atreus, and her two father, changed his name Tromes into Atrometus,
sons, who were educated by Atreus, were generally and that he afterwards usurped the rights of an
believed to be his sons. Aërope, however, became Athenian citizen. (Dem. De Coron. pp. 313, 320,
faithless to Atreus, being seduced by Thyestes. 270. ) The mother of Aeschines is described as
(Eurip. Orest. 5, &c. , Helen. 397 ; Hygin. Fab. originally a dancer and a prostitute, who even after
87; Schol. ad Hom. I. ii. 249; Serv. ad Aen. xi. her marriage with Tromes continued to carry on
262. )
(L. S. ] unlawful practices in her house, and made money
AEROPLUS ('Αέροπος). 1. The brother of by initiating low and superstitions persons into
Perdiccas, who was the first king of Macedonia of sort of private mysteries. She is said to have
the family of Temenus. (Herod. viii. 137. ) been generally known at Athens under the nick-
2. I. King of Macedonia, the son of Philip I. , name Empusa. According to Aeschines himself,
the great-grandson of Perdiccas, the first king, and on the other hand, his father Atrometus was de
the father of Alcetas. (Herod. viii. 139. )
scended from an honourable family, and was in
3. II. King of Macedonia, guardian of Oresten some way even connected with the noble priestly
the son of Archelaus, reigned nearly six years family of the Eteobutadae. He was originally an
from B. C. 399. The first four years of this time athlete, but lost his property during the time of
he reigned jointly with Orestes, and the remainder the Peloponnesian war, and was afterwards driven
## p. 37 (#57) ##############################################
AESCHINES.
87
AESCHINES.
from his country under the tyranny of the Thirty. | Athens. Temenides, who was sent with him,
He then served in the Athenian armies in Asia bure witness to his courage and bravery, and the
and spent the remainder of his life at Athens, at Athenians honoured him with a crown. (Aesch.
first in reduced circumstances. (Aesch. De fals. De fals Leg. p. 51. )
Leg. pp. 38, 47. ) His mother, too, was a free Two years before this campaign, the last in
Athenian citizen, and the daughter of Glaucias of which he took part, he had come forward at Athens
Acharne. Which of these accounts is true, can- as a public speaker (Aesch. Epist. 12), and the
not be decided, but there seems to be no doubt military fame which he had now acquired estab-
that Demosthenes is guilty of exaggeration in his lished his reputation. His former occupation as a
account of the parents of Aeschines and his early scribe to Aristophon and Eubulus had made him
youth.
acquainted with the laws and constitution of
Aeschines had two brothers, one of whom, Phi- Athens, while his acting on the stage had been a
lochares, was older than himself, and the other, useful preparation for public speaking.
