383,
has been supposed by Marx (De Herophili Vita, and as praefectus praetorio, A.
has been supposed by Marx (De Herophili Vita, and as praefectus praetorio, A.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - b
Liber ad Abundantium
l'eritatis, was anciently divided into three orders, (or, Antium). No allusion is to be found to this
Primus Ordo, Legis, comprehending the Penta- piece in any ancient author except Cassiodorus
teuch; Secunılus Ordo, Prophetarum, Joshua, (Instit. c. 2). 6. De Similitudinc Carnei Peccuti
Judges, Samuel, I. and II. , Kings, I. and II. , Isaiah, contra Manichucos. Designated as a short and
Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and the Twelve Minor Pro very elegant work of Ilieronymus by Agobardus
phets ; Tertius Ordo, llagiographorum, Job, Psalms, (adv. Fel. c. 39. ) For full information with regard
Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Solomon's Song, Daniel, to these consult the dissertations of Vallarsi.
Verba Dierum, or Chronicles I. and II. , Ezra, and Having given a full list of the genuine and lost
Esther; to which are sometimes added a fourth works of Jerome, it is unnecessary to add a cata-
ordo, including the books of the Apocrypha. In logue of those which have from time to time been
like manner the New Testament was divided into crroneously ascribed to his pen, and which found
the Ordo Evangelicus, containing Matthew, Mark, their way into the earlier editions. Many of these
Luke, and John ; and Ordo Apostolicus, contain- are collected in the fifth volume of the Benedictine
ing the remainder, from the Acts to the Apoca- edition, while Vallarsi has placed some as appen-
lypse.
dices among the genuine works, and thrown the
rest together into the second and third parts of his
VOL. XI.
eleventh volume.
The lost works of Jerome are divided by Val- Jerome was pronounced by the voice of antiquity
larsi into two classes : I. Those which unques- the most learned and eloquent among the Latin
tionably existed at one period ; II. Those of which fathers, and this judgment has been confirmed by
the existence at any time is very doubtful. To the the most eminent scholars of modern times. His
first class belong,
profound knowledge of the Latin, Greek, and
1. Interpretatio retus SS. V. T. ex Gracco TW Hebrew languages; his familiarity with ancient
LXX. emendata, of which we have already spoken history and philosophy, his personal acquaintance
in our account of the history of the Vulgate. 2. with the manners and scenery of the East, enabled
Erangelium juxta llebraeos, written in the Chal- him to illustrate with great force and truth many
daean dialect, but in Hebrew characters. Jerome of the darkest passages in Scripture. But not-
obtained a copy of this from some Nazareans living withstanding all these advantages, his commentaries
at Beroea in Syria, probably at the time when he must be employed with the greatest caution. The
himself was in the wastes of Chalcis, and trans- impetuosity of his temperament induced him
lated it into Greek and Latin. Some suppose that eagerly to seize upon any striking idea suggested
this was the Gospel according to St. Matthew in by his own fancy or by the works or conversation
its original form, but this does not seem to have of his contemporaries, and to pour forth with in-
been the opinion of Jerome himself (Comment. in cautious haste a mass of imposing but crude con-
Matth. xii. 13, de Viris II. 2, 3). 3. Specimen ceptions. Hence we can detect many glaring
Commentarii in Abdiam, composed in early youth inconsistencies, many palpable contradictions, many
while dwelling in solitude in the Syrian desert, grievous errors. The dreamy reveries of Origen
and revised after a lapse of thirty years. 4. Com- are mixed up with the fantastic fables of Jewish
menturü in Psalmos, not to be confounded with the tradition, and the plainest texts obscured by a
confessedly spurious Breviarium in Psalmos. The cloudy veil of allegory and mysticism. Nor, while
extent of this work, whether it comprehended the we admire his uncompromising boldness and energy
whole of the Psalms, or was confined to a few in advocating a good cause, can we cease to regret
only, is absolutely unknown. Tillemont has conjec- the total absence of gentleness, meekness, and
tured that consisted of extracts from homilies of Christian charity, which characterises all his con-
Origen on the entire Psalter. 5. Commentarioli in troversial encounters. However resolute he may
Psalmos, frequently referred to under this title in have been in struggling against the lusts of the
the first book against Rufinus. 6. Versio Latina flesh, he never seems to have considered it a duty
Libri Origeniani llepl 'Apxwv. A few fragments are to curb the fiery promptings of a violent temper.
to be found in Ep. 124, ad A vitum. (See Ed. Bened. He appears to have regarded his opponents with
vol. v. p. 255. ) 7. Versio Libri Theophili Episcopi all the acrimony of envenomed personal hostility,
Alexandrini in S. Joannem Chrysostomum. A very and gives vent to his fury in the bitterest invective.
few fragments remain. 8. Epistolae. We find Nor were these denunciations by any means in
allusions to many letters which have altogether proportion to the real importance of the question
disappeared. A catalogue of them, with all the in debate; it was chiefly when any of his own
information attainable, will be found in Vallarsi. favourite tenets were impugned, or when his own
To the second class belong,
individual influence was threatened, that his wrath
1. Quaestiones Hebraicae in Vetus Testamentum, became ungovernable. Perhaps the most intem-
différent from those upon Genesis. Jerome certainly perate of all his polemical discourses is the attack
intended to compose such a work, and even refers upon Vigilantius, who had not attempted to assail
to it several times, especially in his geographical any of the vital principles of the faith, or to advo-
work on Palestine, but there seems good reason to cate any dangerous heresy, but who had sought to
believe that it was never finished. 2. Commen- check the rapid progress of corruption.
tarii breviores in XII. Prophetas ÚTrouvnuara dicti. The phraseology of Jerome is exceedingly pure,
Different from those now existing. The belief | bearing ample testimony to the diligence with
that such a work existed is founded upon a passage, which he must have studied the choicest models.
in Epist. 49, addressed to Pammachius. 3. Libri No one can read the Vulgate without being struck
XIV. in Jeremiam, in which he is supposed to by the contrast which it presents in the classic
have completed his unfinished commentary upon Je- simplicity of its language to the degenerate affecta-
нн 2
## p. 468 (#484) ############################################
468
HIEROPHILUS.
HILARIO.
HILL
lai be Birdinca
Word ta the
mela, ai Full,
HILANS,
FE as tyre
2 arasceu
C, th. Bole;
IMATIUS
Tenemos un
redAn
15;. He
HILARICS. AZ
Arratia read the
Patate IT a certain HD
tion of Appuleius, and the barbarous obscurity of HIEROʻTHEUS ('lepódeos), the author of a
Ammianus, to say nothing of the ecclesiastical Greek poem, consisting of 233 barbarous lambic
writers. But the diction in which he embodied lines on alchemy, entitled Nepl tñs Deias kal
his own compositions, where he was called upon to 'Iepas Téxuns, De Divina et Sacra Arte (sc. Ckry-
supply the thoughts as well as the words, although sopociu). He appears to have been a Christian,
so much raunted by Erasmus, and in reality always but nothing more is known of him ; and, with re-
forcible and impressive, is by no means worthy of spect to his date, it can only be said that the poem
high praise.
is evidently the work of a comparatively recent
A most minute account of the editions of writer. It was published for the first time in the
Hieronymus is given by Schönemann. (Bibliotheca second volume of Ideler's Physici et Medici Graeci
Patrum Latinorum, vol. i. c. 4. $ 3. ) It will be Minores, Berol. 1812, 8vo. [W. A. G. ]
sufficient here to remark, that as early as 1467 a JUIERO'TILEUS ('lepúdeos), a Byzantine monk,
folio volume, containing some of his epistles and who lived probably in the beginning of the fifteenth
opuscula, was printed at Rome by Ulric llan, century, wrote a work entitled Alaypaupa, a strange
constituting one of the earliest specimens of the sort of dissertation, in which he endeavours to ex-
typographical art. Two folio volumes were printed plain the nature of God by means of geometrical
at Rome in 1468, by Sweynheim and l'annartz, tigures. There are several other Byzantine writers
“S. Hicronymi Tractatus et Epistolae," edited by of that name, but they are of no importance. (Fa-
Andrew bishop of Aleria, which were reprinted in bric. Bibl. Cirucc. vol. xi. pp. 636, 637. ) (W. P. )
1470 ; in the same year “ Beati Ieronimi Episto- HILAEIRA ('I^aelpa), one of the fair daughters
lac," 2 vols. fol. issued from the press of Schoffer, of Leucippus of Mycenac, was carried off with her
at Mavence; and from that time forward innu- sisters by the Dioscuri. (Apollod. ii. 10. § 3;
merable impressions of various works poured forth comp. Ov. Fast. v. 700 ; Hygin. Fub. 80 ; Tzetz.
from all parts of Italy, Germany, and Gaul. ad Lycoph. 511. ) The name occurs also as a sur-
The first critical edition of the collected works name of Selene. (Hesych. s. r. )
(L. S. )
was that superintended by Erasmus, Bas. 9 vols. HIILARIANUS, NECI'LIUS or MÈCHI-
fol. 1516; reprinted in 1526 and 1537, the last LIUS or MECILIANUS. The Codex Theodo-
being the best ; and also at Lyons, in 8 vols. fol. sianus contains frequent notice of this magistrate,
1530. Next comes that of Marianus Victorinus, who appears to have been Corrector Lucaniae et
Rom. 9 vols. fol. 1566 ; reprinted at Paris in 1578, Bruttiorum under Constantine the Great, A. D. 316
in 1608, 4 vols. and in 1643, 9 vols. An edition (12. tit. 1. s. 3), proconsul of Africa in the same
containing the notes of Erasmus and Victorinus ap- reign, A. D. 324 (12. tit. 1. s. 9), consul with Paca-
peared at Francfort and Leipsic, 12 vols. fol. 1684, tianus, A. D. 332, and praefectus praetorio, or, as
succeeded by the famous Benedictine edition, Par. Gothofredus thinks, praefectus urbi, sc. Romae,
5 vols, fol. 1693–1706, carried as far as the end of under the sons of Constantine, A. D. 339 (6. tit. 4.
the first volume by Pouget, and continued after his s. 3, 4, 7). An Hilarian appears,
but without any
death by Martianay, which is, however, superseded note of his office, in a law of A. D. 341. This is
by the last and best of all, that of Vallarsi, Veron. probably Mecilius Hilarian ; but the Hilarianus or
li vols. fol. 1734–1742 ; reprinted, with some im- Hilarius (if indeed he be one person) who appears
provements, Venet. 11 vols. 4to. 1766. (W. R. ] in the laws of the time of Gratian and Valentinian
HIERO'PHILUS (ʻlepópidos), a name which 11. , and of Honorius, as praefectus urbi, A. D.
383,
has been supposed by Marx (De Herophili Vita, and as praefectus praetorio, A. D. 396, must have
&c. pp. 7, 13) and others to be a corruption of been a different person. Perhaps the last is the
Herophilus, but probably without sufficient reason. Hilarius mentioned by Symmachus. (Symmachus,
1. A physician at Athens, whose lectures were Epist. lib. ii. 80, iii. 38, 42, ed. Paris, 1604; Go
attended by Agnodice disguised in male attire. If thofred. Prosop. Cod. Theodos. ) [J. C. M. ]
the story is not wholly apocryphal (for it rests only HILARIO, or HILARIANUS, Q. JU’LIUS,
on the authority of Hyginus, Fab. 274), Hierophi- an ecclesiastical writer belonging to the close of
lus may be conjectured to have lived in the fifth or the fourth century, of whose history we know no-
sixth century B. C.
Some of the reasons which thing since his works convey no information upon
render it unlikely that Herophilus is the true re the subject, and he is not mentioned by any an-
ing in this passage of Hyginus, are given in the cient authority whatever. Two works bear his
article AGNODICE.
2. The author of a short Greek medical treatise, 1. Expositum de Dic Paschae et Mensis, on the
entitled 'Iepooinov Doplotou Tepi Tpoow Kúknos determination of Easter, finished, as we are told in
ποία δεί χράσθαι εκάστω μηνί, και οποίους απέχεσ- the concluding paragraph, on the fifth of March,
Oai, Hierophili Sophistae de Alimentis Circulus ; A. D. 397. It was first published from a MS. in
quibusnam uti, et a quibusnam abstinere oporteat. the Royal Library at Turin, by C. M. Pfaff, and
This was for some time, while still in MS. , sup- attached to the edition of the Divine Institutions of
posed to be the work of Herophilus, but as soon Lactantius, printed at Paris in 1712. It will be
as it was examined and published, it plainly ap- found under its most correct form in the Bibliotheca
peared to belong to some late writer of the eleventh Patrum of Galland, vol. viji. Append. ii.
P.
745.
or twelfth century after Christ. It contains diet. Venet. fol. 1772.
etical directions for every month in the year, and 2. De Mundi Duratione, or, according to a
is full of words unknown to the older Greek Vienna MS. , De Cursu Temporum, composed, as
writers. It was first published by Boissonade in we learn from the commencement, after the piece
the eleventh volume of the Notices et Extraits des noticed above.
It was first published by Pithou
Manuscrits de la Biblioth. du Roi (Paris, 1827), in the appendix to the Bibliotheca Patrum, printed
p. 178, &c. ; and is inserted in the first volume of at Paris in 1579. It was inserted also in the sub-
jdeler's Physici et Medici Graeci Minores, Berol. sequent edition of the same collection, in many
1841. 8vo.
[W. A. G. ] similar compilations, and appears under its best
rentred of Pax
adre the bigbang
present to rich the a:
De Porgiestnahme Son
terantia. The first
Baza is eztied De
Spause in a. D. 4. 3
dru in the wested este
hansdera ringer,
Tes desperated iron
pritet te bi Prosper
$. and is an
inted as Ccapse in i
of Estonia Auristi
disceded in a
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test rund, at
Saare Gention.
EILARICS.
ben at the comme
iavi in testa
which he can
Detail dance
code of Her
name.
ed to devote Ed
be aracted bir
bisheçte of Ares
the death of his y
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ciergy and people
can. The circum
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Each an important
of the reputation which
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beverer
, has acquired it
Leurs chiefs from the cu
become issored with Puppe
tin Chelidonius, bishop
Ben çorang Ead been deposeda
## p. 469 (#485) ############################################
HILARIUS.
469
HILARIUS.
p. 235.
form in the Bibliotheca Patrum of Galland, vol. viii. certain irregularities, by a council at which Hila-
rius presided, assisted by Eucherius of Lyons and
With regard to the title of another work sup-Germanus of Auxerre. Chelidonius repaired to
posed to have been written by the same author, Rome for the purpose of lodging an appeal against
see Mansius, ud Fabr. Bill. M. et Inf. Lut. vol. this sentence, and thither he was followed by
iii. p. 251.
(W. R. ) Hilarius, who expressed a wish to confer with the
HILA'RIUS, a native of Bithynia, who in the pontiff, but refused to acknowledge his jurisdiction
reign of Valens (A. D. 304–379) migrated to in the case. Leo, incensed by what he considered
Athens, and distinguished himself as a painter, as as a direct attack upon his supremacy, forthwith
well as by his general proficiency in art and phi- reinstated Chelidonius, while Hilarius, entertaining
losophy. While residing near Corinth in a. D. apprehensions for his own personal freedoni, was
379, Ililarius, with his whole family, perished in fain to quit the city by stealth, and make his way
an invasion of the Goths. (Eunap. l'it. Soph. p. back to his diocese, on foot, crossing the Alps at
67, ed. Boissonade ; comp. id. Excerpt. Legut. p. the most inclement season of the year. Ile sub-
20. )
(W. B. D. ] sequently endeavoured, but in vain, to negotiate a
HILA'RIUS (ʻIXápios), a Phrygian, an inter- reconciliation with Leo, who refused to listen to
preter of oracles, implicated in the proceedings of any terms short of absolute submission, and even-
Theodorus, who attempted to discover by magic tually succeeded in depriving him of all the privi-
who should succeed ihe emperor Valens. He was leges which he enjoyed as metropolitan of Gaul.
executed in the course of the judicial proceedings This proceeding was confirmed by the celebrated
which followed. (Amm. Marc
. xxix. 1; Zosim. iv
. rescript of Valentinian 111. , issued in 445, in
15; Tillemont, llist. des Emp. vol. v. ) [J. C. M. ] which, among other matters, it was ordained, “ Ut
HILA'RIUS. Among the correspondence of Episcopis Gallicanis omnibusque pro lege esset,
Augustin we find two letters addressed to that quidquid apostolicae sedis auctoritas sanxisset : ita
prelate by a certain Hilarius, of whom we know ut quisquis Episcoporum ad judicium Romani
nothing certain except that he was a layman, an antistitis evocatus venire neglexisset per modera-
intimate friend of Prosper Aquitanus, an ardent torem ejusdem provincine adesse cogeretur," a de-
admirer of the bishop of Hippo, and probably the cree which, while it unequivocally established the
person to whom the latter addressed his treatise, authority of the bishop of Rome over the church
De Pracdestinatione Sanctorum et de Dono Perse- beyond the Alps, at the same time, when taken in
verantiae. The first of these letters, which is connection with the circumstances by which it was
short, is entitled De Pelagianis, was written at called forth, seems to prove that up to this period
Syracuse in A. D. 413 or 414, and is numbered such authority had never been fully and formally
clvi, in the collected epistles of Augustin, according recognised. The merits of this dispute have, as
to the Benedictine arrangement. The second letter might be expected, become a party question among
is corsiderably longer, is entitled De Semipelagianis, ecclesiastical historians, who characterise the con-
was despatched from the south of France, along duct of the chief personages concerned in the most
with one by Prosper upon the same subject, in opposite terms, according to the views which they
428 or 429, and is numbered ccxxvi. It was pub- entertain with regard to the rights of the papal
lished at Cologne in 1503, along with the treatise chair. Hilarius died in 449, about five years afier
of Honorius Augustodunensis, De libero Arbitrio, the deposition of Chelidonius.
and is included in the Paris edition (1711) of the The only works of this Hilarius now extant
works of Prosper, p. 7. A third letter was written whose authenticity is unquestionable are-
by this same personage upon the same topics, which 1. Vita Sancti Honorati Arelatensis Episcopi, a
is now lost ; and some critics have, upon no suffi- sort of funeral panegyric upon his predecessor,
cient grounds, ascribed to him a work, De Voca- which has been much admired, on account of the
tione Gentium.
(W. R. ] graceful and winning character of the style. It
HILA'RIUS, surnamed ARELATENSIS, was was first published at Paris by Genebrardus, in
born at the commencement of the fifth century, in 1578, and a few years afterwards, from MSS. pre-
Gallia Belgica, of a noble family, and distinguished served at Lerins, by Vincentius Barralis, in his
himself in boyhood by the real and success with Chronologia sunct. insul. Lerin. Lugd. 4to. 1613;
which he followed out the various branches of a the text of the former edition was followed by
liberal education. At an early age he became the Surius ad xvi. Jan. , and of the latter by the
disciple of Honoratus, first abbot of Lerins, by Bollandists, vol. ii. p. 11. It is also given in the
whom he was persuaded to abandon the world, Bill. Patr. Mur. Lugd. 1677, vol. viii. p. 1228, in
and to devote himself to a monastic life. To this the Opera Leonis 1. , edited by Quesnell, Paris,
he attached himself so warmly, that when the 4to. 1675, and in the Opera l'incenti Lirinensis
bishopric of Arles became vacant in a. D. 429, by et Hilarii Arelatensis, by J. Salinas, Rom. 8vo.
the death of his preceptor, he was with the utmost 1731.
difficulty induced to yield to the wishes of the 2. Epistola ad Eucherium Episcopum Lugdu-
clergy and people, and to accept the episcopal nensem, first published in the Chronologia Lirinensis
chair. The circumstance that a monk of twenty-of Barralis, and subsequently in the Bibl. Max.
nine should have been chosen unanimously to fill Patr. Lugd. vol. viii. , in Quesnell and in Salinas,
such an important station is in itself a strong proof | See above.
of the reputation which he must have enjoyed as a The author of his life, which we notice below,
man of learning, eloquence, and piety. His name, mentions also Homiliae in totius anni Festiritates ;
however, has acquired importance in ecclesiastical Symboli Expositio ; a great number of Epistolae,
history chiefly from the controversy in which he and likewise l'ersus, but all of these are lost, unless
became involved with Pope Leo the Great. A we agree with those who upon very slender
certain Chelidonius, bishop either of Vesoul or evidence assign to this Hilarius three poems in
Besançon, had been deposed, in consequence of dactylic hexameters, of which two are ascribed in
нь 3
## p. 470 (#486) ############################################
470
HILARIUS.
HILAKIUS.
different MSS. to different authors, and the third ling and piety must have been held in high esteem,
uniformly to Hilarius Pictaviensis. These are, 1. for about the year a. d. 350, although still married,
Poema de septem fratribus Maccabaeis ab Antiocho he was elected bishop of his native city. From
Epiphane interfectis, published under the name of that time forward the great object of his existence
Victorinus Afer, by Sicard, in his Antidot. cont. was to check the progress of Arianism, which had
omn. lucres. 1528, inserted in most of the large spread all over the East, and was making rapid
collections of fathers, and in the Sylloge Poetarum strides in Gaul. At his instigation the Catholic
Christianorum, Lugd. 1605.
l'eritatis, was anciently divided into three orders, (or, Antium). No allusion is to be found to this
Primus Ordo, Legis, comprehending the Penta- piece in any ancient author except Cassiodorus
teuch; Secunılus Ordo, Prophetarum, Joshua, (Instit. c. 2). 6. De Similitudinc Carnei Peccuti
Judges, Samuel, I. and II. , Kings, I. and II. , Isaiah, contra Manichucos. Designated as a short and
Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and the Twelve Minor Pro very elegant work of Ilieronymus by Agobardus
phets ; Tertius Ordo, llagiographorum, Job, Psalms, (adv. Fel. c. 39. ) For full information with regard
Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Solomon's Song, Daniel, to these consult the dissertations of Vallarsi.
Verba Dierum, or Chronicles I. and II. , Ezra, and Having given a full list of the genuine and lost
Esther; to which are sometimes added a fourth works of Jerome, it is unnecessary to add a cata-
ordo, including the books of the Apocrypha. In logue of those which have from time to time been
like manner the New Testament was divided into crroneously ascribed to his pen, and which found
the Ordo Evangelicus, containing Matthew, Mark, their way into the earlier editions. Many of these
Luke, and John ; and Ordo Apostolicus, contain- are collected in the fifth volume of the Benedictine
ing the remainder, from the Acts to the Apoca- edition, while Vallarsi has placed some as appen-
lypse.
dices among the genuine works, and thrown the
rest together into the second and third parts of his
VOL. XI.
eleventh volume.
The lost works of Jerome are divided by Val- Jerome was pronounced by the voice of antiquity
larsi into two classes : I. Those which unques- the most learned and eloquent among the Latin
tionably existed at one period ; II. Those of which fathers, and this judgment has been confirmed by
the existence at any time is very doubtful. To the the most eminent scholars of modern times. His
first class belong,
profound knowledge of the Latin, Greek, and
1. Interpretatio retus SS. V. T. ex Gracco TW Hebrew languages; his familiarity with ancient
LXX. emendata, of which we have already spoken history and philosophy, his personal acquaintance
in our account of the history of the Vulgate. 2. with the manners and scenery of the East, enabled
Erangelium juxta llebraeos, written in the Chal- him to illustrate with great force and truth many
daean dialect, but in Hebrew characters. Jerome of the darkest passages in Scripture. But not-
obtained a copy of this from some Nazareans living withstanding all these advantages, his commentaries
at Beroea in Syria, probably at the time when he must be employed with the greatest caution. The
himself was in the wastes of Chalcis, and trans- impetuosity of his temperament induced him
lated it into Greek and Latin. Some suppose that eagerly to seize upon any striking idea suggested
this was the Gospel according to St. Matthew in by his own fancy or by the works or conversation
its original form, but this does not seem to have of his contemporaries, and to pour forth with in-
been the opinion of Jerome himself (Comment. in cautious haste a mass of imposing but crude con-
Matth. xii. 13, de Viris II. 2, 3). 3. Specimen ceptions. Hence we can detect many glaring
Commentarii in Abdiam, composed in early youth inconsistencies, many palpable contradictions, many
while dwelling in solitude in the Syrian desert, grievous errors. The dreamy reveries of Origen
and revised after a lapse of thirty years. 4. Com- are mixed up with the fantastic fables of Jewish
menturü in Psalmos, not to be confounded with the tradition, and the plainest texts obscured by a
confessedly spurious Breviarium in Psalmos. The cloudy veil of allegory and mysticism. Nor, while
extent of this work, whether it comprehended the we admire his uncompromising boldness and energy
whole of the Psalms, or was confined to a few in advocating a good cause, can we cease to regret
only, is absolutely unknown. Tillemont has conjec- the total absence of gentleness, meekness, and
tured that consisted of extracts from homilies of Christian charity, which characterises all his con-
Origen on the entire Psalter. 5. Commentarioli in troversial encounters. However resolute he may
Psalmos, frequently referred to under this title in have been in struggling against the lusts of the
the first book against Rufinus. 6. Versio Latina flesh, he never seems to have considered it a duty
Libri Origeniani llepl 'Apxwv. A few fragments are to curb the fiery promptings of a violent temper.
to be found in Ep. 124, ad A vitum. (See Ed. Bened. He appears to have regarded his opponents with
vol. v. p. 255. ) 7. Versio Libri Theophili Episcopi all the acrimony of envenomed personal hostility,
Alexandrini in S. Joannem Chrysostomum. A very and gives vent to his fury in the bitterest invective.
few fragments remain. 8. Epistolae. We find Nor were these denunciations by any means in
allusions to many letters which have altogether proportion to the real importance of the question
disappeared. A catalogue of them, with all the in debate; it was chiefly when any of his own
information attainable, will be found in Vallarsi. favourite tenets were impugned, or when his own
To the second class belong,
individual influence was threatened, that his wrath
1. Quaestiones Hebraicae in Vetus Testamentum, became ungovernable. Perhaps the most intem-
différent from those upon Genesis. Jerome certainly perate of all his polemical discourses is the attack
intended to compose such a work, and even refers upon Vigilantius, who had not attempted to assail
to it several times, especially in his geographical any of the vital principles of the faith, or to advo-
work on Palestine, but there seems good reason to cate any dangerous heresy, but who had sought to
believe that it was never finished. 2. Commen- check the rapid progress of corruption.
tarii breviores in XII. Prophetas ÚTrouvnuara dicti. The phraseology of Jerome is exceedingly pure,
Different from those now existing. The belief | bearing ample testimony to the diligence with
that such a work existed is founded upon a passage, which he must have studied the choicest models.
in Epist. 49, addressed to Pammachius. 3. Libri No one can read the Vulgate without being struck
XIV. in Jeremiam, in which he is supposed to by the contrast which it presents in the classic
have completed his unfinished commentary upon Je- simplicity of its language to the degenerate affecta-
нн 2
## p. 468 (#484) ############################################
468
HIEROPHILUS.
HILARIO.
HILL
lai be Birdinca
Word ta the
mela, ai Full,
HILANS,
FE as tyre
2 arasceu
C, th. Bole;
IMATIUS
Tenemos un
redAn
15;. He
HILARICS. AZ
Arratia read the
Patate IT a certain HD
tion of Appuleius, and the barbarous obscurity of HIEROʻTHEUS ('lepódeos), the author of a
Ammianus, to say nothing of the ecclesiastical Greek poem, consisting of 233 barbarous lambic
writers. But the diction in which he embodied lines on alchemy, entitled Nepl tñs Deias kal
his own compositions, where he was called upon to 'Iepas Téxuns, De Divina et Sacra Arte (sc. Ckry-
supply the thoughts as well as the words, although sopociu). He appears to have been a Christian,
so much raunted by Erasmus, and in reality always but nothing more is known of him ; and, with re-
forcible and impressive, is by no means worthy of spect to his date, it can only be said that the poem
high praise.
is evidently the work of a comparatively recent
A most minute account of the editions of writer. It was published for the first time in the
Hieronymus is given by Schönemann. (Bibliotheca second volume of Ideler's Physici et Medici Graeci
Patrum Latinorum, vol. i. c. 4. $ 3. ) It will be Minores, Berol. 1812, 8vo. [W. A. G. ]
sufficient here to remark, that as early as 1467 a JUIERO'TILEUS ('lepúdeos), a Byzantine monk,
folio volume, containing some of his epistles and who lived probably in the beginning of the fifteenth
opuscula, was printed at Rome by Ulric llan, century, wrote a work entitled Alaypaupa, a strange
constituting one of the earliest specimens of the sort of dissertation, in which he endeavours to ex-
typographical art. Two folio volumes were printed plain the nature of God by means of geometrical
at Rome in 1468, by Sweynheim and l'annartz, tigures. There are several other Byzantine writers
“S. Hicronymi Tractatus et Epistolae," edited by of that name, but they are of no importance. (Fa-
Andrew bishop of Aleria, which were reprinted in bric. Bibl. Cirucc. vol. xi. pp. 636, 637. ) (W. P. )
1470 ; in the same year “ Beati Ieronimi Episto- HILAEIRA ('I^aelpa), one of the fair daughters
lac," 2 vols. fol. issued from the press of Schoffer, of Leucippus of Mycenac, was carried off with her
at Mavence; and from that time forward innu- sisters by the Dioscuri. (Apollod. ii. 10. § 3;
merable impressions of various works poured forth comp. Ov. Fast. v. 700 ; Hygin. Fub. 80 ; Tzetz.
from all parts of Italy, Germany, and Gaul. ad Lycoph. 511. ) The name occurs also as a sur-
The first critical edition of the collected works name of Selene. (Hesych. s. r. )
(L. S. )
was that superintended by Erasmus, Bas. 9 vols. HIILARIANUS, NECI'LIUS or MÈCHI-
fol. 1516; reprinted in 1526 and 1537, the last LIUS or MECILIANUS. The Codex Theodo-
being the best ; and also at Lyons, in 8 vols. fol. sianus contains frequent notice of this magistrate,
1530. Next comes that of Marianus Victorinus, who appears to have been Corrector Lucaniae et
Rom. 9 vols. fol. 1566 ; reprinted at Paris in 1578, Bruttiorum under Constantine the Great, A. D. 316
in 1608, 4 vols. and in 1643, 9 vols. An edition (12. tit. 1. s. 3), proconsul of Africa in the same
containing the notes of Erasmus and Victorinus ap- reign, A. D. 324 (12. tit. 1. s. 9), consul with Paca-
peared at Francfort and Leipsic, 12 vols. fol. 1684, tianus, A. D. 332, and praefectus praetorio, or, as
succeeded by the famous Benedictine edition, Par. Gothofredus thinks, praefectus urbi, sc. Romae,
5 vols, fol. 1693–1706, carried as far as the end of under the sons of Constantine, A. D. 339 (6. tit. 4.
the first volume by Pouget, and continued after his s. 3, 4, 7). An Hilarian appears,
but without any
death by Martianay, which is, however, superseded note of his office, in a law of A. D. 341. This is
by the last and best of all, that of Vallarsi, Veron. probably Mecilius Hilarian ; but the Hilarianus or
li vols. fol. 1734–1742 ; reprinted, with some im- Hilarius (if indeed he be one person) who appears
provements, Venet. 11 vols. 4to. 1766. (W. R. ] in the laws of the time of Gratian and Valentinian
HIERO'PHILUS (ʻlepópidos), a name which 11. , and of Honorius, as praefectus urbi, A. D.
383,
has been supposed by Marx (De Herophili Vita, and as praefectus praetorio, A. D. 396, must have
&c. pp. 7, 13) and others to be a corruption of been a different person. Perhaps the last is the
Herophilus, but probably without sufficient reason. Hilarius mentioned by Symmachus. (Symmachus,
1. A physician at Athens, whose lectures were Epist. lib. ii. 80, iii. 38, 42, ed. Paris, 1604; Go
attended by Agnodice disguised in male attire. If thofred. Prosop. Cod. Theodos. ) [J. C. M. ]
the story is not wholly apocryphal (for it rests only HILARIO, or HILARIANUS, Q. JU’LIUS,
on the authority of Hyginus, Fab. 274), Hierophi- an ecclesiastical writer belonging to the close of
lus may be conjectured to have lived in the fifth or the fourth century, of whose history we know no-
sixth century B. C.
Some of the reasons which thing since his works convey no information upon
render it unlikely that Herophilus is the true re the subject, and he is not mentioned by any an-
ing in this passage of Hyginus, are given in the cient authority whatever. Two works bear his
article AGNODICE.
2. The author of a short Greek medical treatise, 1. Expositum de Dic Paschae et Mensis, on the
entitled 'Iepooinov Doplotou Tepi Tpoow Kúknos determination of Easter, finished, as we are told in
ποία δεί χράσθαι εκάστω μηνί, και οποίους απέχεσ- the concluding paragraph, on the fifth of March,
Oai, Hierophili Sophistae de Alimentis Circulus ; A. D. 397. It was first published from a MS. in
quibusnam uti, et a quibusnam abstinere oporteat. the Royal Library at Turin, by C. M. Pfaff, and
This was for some time, while still in MS. , sup- attached to the edition of the Divine Institutions of
posed to be the work of Herophilus, but as soon Lactantius, printed at Paris in 1712. It will be
as it was examined and published, it plainly ap- found under its most correct form in the Bibliotheca
peared to belong to some late writer of the eleventh Patrum of Galland, vol. viji. Append. ii.
P.
745.
or twelfth century after Christ. It contains diet. Venet. fol. 1772.
etical directions for every month in the year, and 2. De Mundi Duratione, or, according to a
is full of words unknown to the older Greek Vienna MS. , De Cursu Temporum, composed, as
writers. It was first published by Boissonade in we learn from the commencement, after the piece
the eleventh volume of the Notices et Extraits des noticed above.
It was first published by Pithou
Manuscrits de la Biblioth. du Roi (Paris, 1827), in the appendix to the Bibliotheca Patrum, printed
p. 178, &c. ; and is inserted in the first volume of at Paris in 1579. It was inserted also in the sub-
jdeler's Physici et Medici Graeci Minores, Berol. sequent edition of the same collection, in many
1841. 8vo.
[W. A. G. ] similar compilations, and appears under its best
rentred of Pax
adre the bigbang
present to rich the a:
De Porgiestnahme Son
terantia. The first
Baza is eztied De
Spause in a. D. 4. 3
dru in the wested este
hansdera ringer,
Tes desperated iron
pritet te bi Prosper
$. and is an
inted as Ccapse in i
of Estonia Auristi
disceded in a
veks di Prostata
test rund, at
Saare Gention.
EILARICS.
ben at the comme
iavi in testa
which he can
Detail dance
code of Her
name.
ed to devote Ed
be aracted bir
bisheçte of Ares
the death of his y
Buty induced
ciergy and people
can. The circum
te shuaid hare be
Each an important
of the reputation which
man vi learning, eloguer
beverer
, has acquired it
Leurs chiefs from the cu
become issored with Puppe
tin Chelidonius, bishop
Ben çorang Ead been deposeda
## p. 469 (#485) ############################################
HILARIUS.
469
HILARIUS.
p. 235.
form in the Bibliotheca Patrum of Galland, vol. viii. certain irregularities, by a council at which Hila-
rius presided, assisted by Eucherius of Lyons and
With regard to the title of another work sup-Germanus of Auxerre. Chelidonius repaired to
posed to have been written by the same author, Rome for the purpose of lodging an appeal against
see Mansius, ud Fabr. Bill. M. et Inf. Lut. vol. this sentence, and thither he was followed by
iii. p. 251.
(W. R. ) Hilarius, who expressed a wish to confer with the
HILA'RIUS, a native of Bithynia, who in the pontiff, but refused to acknowledge his jurisdiction
reign of Valens (A. D. 304–379) migrated to in the case. Leo, incensed by what he considered
Athens, and distinguished himself as a painter, as as a direct attack upon his supremacy, forthwith
well as by his general proficiency in art and phi- reinstated Chelidonius, while Hilarius, entertaining
losophy. While residing near Corinth in a. D. apprehensions for his own personal freedoni, was
379, Ililarius, with his whole family, perished in fain to quit the city by stealth, and make his way
an invasion of the Goths. (Eunap. l'it. Soph. p. back to his diocese, on foot, crossing the Alps at
67, ed. Boissonade ; comp. id. Excerpt. Legut. p. the most inclement season of the year. Ile sub-
20. )
(W. B. D. ] sequently endeavoured, but in vain, to negotiate a
HILA'RIUS (ʻIXápios), a Phrygian, an inter- reconciliation with Leo, who refused to listen to
preter of oracles, implicated in the proceedings of any terms short of absolute submission, and even-
Theodorus, who attempted to discover by magic tually succeeded in depriving him of all the privi-
who should succeed ihe emperor Valens. He was leges which he enjoyed as metropolitan of Gaul.
executed in the course of the judicial proceedings This proceeding was confirmed by the celebrated
which followed. (Amm. Marc
. xxix. 1; Zosim. iv
. rescript of Valentinian 111. , issued in 445, in
15; Tillemont, llist. des Emp. vol. v. ) [J. C. M. ] which, among other matters, it was ordained, “ Ut
HILA'RIUS. Among the correspondence of Episcopis Gallicanis omnibusque pro lege esset,
Augustin we find two letters addressed to that quidquid apostolicae sedis auctoritas sanxisset : ita
prelate by a certain Hilarius, of whom we know ut quisquis Episcoporum ad judicium Romani
nothing certain except that he was a layman, an antistitis evocatus venire neglexisset per modera-
intimate friend of Prosper Aquitanus, an ardent torem ejusdem provincine adesse cogeretur," a de-
admirer of the bishop of Hippo, and probably the cree which, while it unequivocally established the
person to whom the latter addressed his treatise, authority of the bishop of Rome over the church
De Pracdestinatione Sanctorum et de Dono Perse- beyond the Alps, at the same time, when taken in
verantiae. The first of these letters, which is connection with the circumstances by which it was
short, is entitled De Pelagianis, was written at called forth, seems to prove that up to this period
Syracuse in A. D. 413 or 414, and is numbered such authority had never been fully and formally
clvi, in the collected epistles of Augustin, according recognised. The merits of this dispute have, as
to the Benedictine arrangement. The second letter might be expected, become a party question among
is corsiderably longer, is entitled De Semipelagianis, ecclesiastical historians, who characterise the con-
was despatched from the south of France, along duct of the chief personages concerned in the most
with one by Prosper upon the same subject, in opposite terms, according to the views which they
428 or 429, and is numbered ccxxvi. It was pub- entertain with regard to the rights of the papal
lished at Cologne in 1503, along with the treatise chair. Hilarius died in 449, about five years afier
of Honorius Augustodunensis, De libero Arbitrio, the deposition of Chelidonius.
and is included in the Paris edition (1711) of the The only works of this Hilarius now extant
works of Prosper, p. 7. A third letter was written whose authenticity is unquestionable are-
by this same personage upon the same topics, which 1. Vita Sancti Honorati Arelatensis Episcopi, a
is now lost ; and some critics have, upon no suffi- sort of funeral panegyric upon his predecessor,
cient grounds, ascribed to him a work, De Voca- which has been much admired, on account of the
tione Gentium.
(W. R. ] graceful and winning character of the style. It
HILA'RIUS, surnamed ARELATENSIS, was was first published at Paris by Genebrardus, in
born at the commencement of the fifth century, in 1578, and a few years afterwards, from MSS. pre-
Gallia Belgica, of a noble family, and distinguished served at Lerins, by Vincentius Barralis, in his
himself in boyhood by the real and success with Chronologia sunct. insul. Lerin. Lugd. 4to. 1613;
which he followed out the various branches of a the text of the former edition was followed by
liberal education. At an early age he became the Surius ad xvi. Jan. , and of the latter by the
disciple of Honoratus, first abbot of Lerins, by Bollandists, vol. ii. p. 11. It is also given in the
whom he was persuaded to abandon the world, Bill. Patr. Mur. Lugd. 1677, vol. viii. p. 1228, in
and to devote himself to a monastic life. To this the Opera Leonis 1. , edited by Quesnell, Paris,
he attached himself so warmly, that when the 4to. 1675, and in the Opera l'incenti Lirinensis
bishopric of Arles became vacant in a. D. 429, by et Hilarii Arelatensis, by J. Salinas, Rom. 8vo.
the death of his preceptor, he was with the utmost 1731.
difficulty induced to yield to the wishes of the 2. Epistola ad Eucherium Episcopum Lugdu-
clergy and people, and to accept the episcopal nensem, first published in the Chronologia Lirinensis
chair. The circumstance that a monk of twenty-of Barralis, and subsequently in the Bibl. Max.
nine should have been chosen unanimously to fill Patr. Lugd. vol. viii. , in Quesnell and in Salinas,
such an important station is in itself a strong proof | See above.
of the reputation which he must have enjoyed as a The author of his life, which we notice below,
man of learning, eloquence, and piety. His name, mentions also Homiliae in totius anni Festiritates ;
however, has acquired importance in ecclesiastical Symboli Expositio ; a great number of Epistolae,
history chiefly from the controversy in which he and likewise l'ersus, but all of these are lost, unless
became involved with Pope Leo the Great. A we agree with those who upon very slender
certain Chelidonius, bishop either of Vesoul or evidence assign to this Hilarius three poems in
Besançon, had been deposed, in consequence of dactylic hexameters, of which two are ascribed in
нь 3
## p. 470 (#486) ############################################
470
HILARIUS.
HILAKIUS.
different MSS. to different authors, and the third ling and piety must have been held in high esteem,
uniformly to Hilarius Pictaviensis. These are, 1. for about the year a. d. 350, although still married,
Poema de septem fratribus Maccabaeis ab Antiocho he was elected bishop of his native city. From
Epiphane interfectis, published under the name of that time forward the great object of his existence
Victorinus Afer, by Sicard, in his Antidot. cont. was to check the progress of Arianism, which had
omn. lucres. 1528, inserted in most of the large spread all over the East, and was making rapid
collections of fathers, and in the Sylloge Poetarum strides in Gaul. At his instigation the Catholic
Christianorum, Lugd. 1605.
