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Hugh, in maintenance of the laws and functions of a prince, when about to assume the government,
On Irish proper names.
to
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Hugh, in maintenance of the laws and functions of a prince, when about to assume the government,
On Irish proper names.
Four Masters - Annals of Ireland
See note Hy Maine.
Killala were also sometimes called Tyrawley. See Ware's Bishops,
Scots who invaded the north Ireland II. 306.
Derlais, district the county
Dalaradia.
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38 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1216-17-18-19.
A. D. 1216.
Mahon O'Laverty, (or O'Flaherty,) chief of Two Backs, was killed his own house, by
Clan Donal,' died.
Giolla-Arnain O’Martain, ofIreland, died.
chief Brehon, or judge
Cathal Fionn (the Fair) O’Laghtna, chief the O'Flynn, Moy Eleog. ”
A. D. 1218.
Clemens, bishop Lieney (Achonry. ) died.
Tomaltach, son of Hugh, son of Araghtagh O'Rody, was slain by Donal, son of Hugh Mac Dermott.
Eaghdon Mac Gilli-Uider,” coarb of St. Pa trick, and primate of Ireland, died at Rome, after a well spent life.
Malachy MacDermott was slain by the people of Ferkall, and those of Myler Fitz Henry.
Moragh, son of Roderick O'Conor, died.
The castle of Killaloe was erected by Geoffrey Marisco, and the English bishop (of Norwich. ) also erected a mansion there, despite of opposition.
O'Gormley, pilgrimage. Derry Columkille, died the 8th December, after
Henry III. was proclaimed king the 19th October. ”
England,
having presided for forty years, and having done
every possible service the church and the country.
The church the monastery Boyle was con secrated.
Murtogh O'Flynn, lord Hy Tuirtre, was
slain the English; and Congalach O’Cuinn (O'Quinn,) chief Moy Lugad,” and the entire
Siol Cathusaigh, who was the tower bravery,
hospitality, and magnanimity the north Ire
land, was also slain the English the same day.
Rory and Malachy, the sons Mac Coghlan, died the monastery Kilbeggain. ”
Loughlin O'Conor died the monastery Cnoc Muaidhe. "
The English Meath, and Murtogh Carrach O'Ferrall, plundered the territory Hy Briuin, the Shannon, but were overtaken Dermod,
A. D. 1217.
Giolla Tigernagh Mac Giolla Ronan, bishop Oriel, (Clogher,) and chief canon Ireland, died,
after penance and repentance.
Dermod, son Conor Mac Dermott, lord
Moylurg, died.
Mor, the daughter O’Brien, (that Donal,)
the wife Cathal Crovdearg O'Conor, died.
Donal O'Gara, died.
Nial, the grandson Loughlin O'Conor, died. son Torlogh, son Melaghlin, with party
Teige O'Ferrall was slain Muragh Carragh O’Ferrall.
Gillpatrick Mac Acadhain, chief Clan Fer maighe,' died.
Donal, son Murragh Mac Coghlan, lord the
greater portion Delvin, was treacherously slain
the sons Malachy Mac Coghlan, Liath druim. ”
Clan Donal. There was district called, near Lough Con, the county Mayo.
Mac Gilli Uidhir. This was Eugene Mac Gillivider, arch bishop Armagh.
the Conacians, who defeated the English, whom upwards one hundred were either drowned slain; and O'Conor himself, and many his party, were also killed the thick the fight.
A. D. 1219.
Hugh O'Malone, bishop Clonmacnois, was drowned.
Giolla-na-naomh (or Giollananeev) priest Rathluraigh, died while
Maoiliosa O’Doighre, aircineach
King John died the 19th was succeeded by his son Henry III.
Clan Fermaighe, according
October, A. D. 1216, and
O'Dugan, was district
Magh Lugad, according the books Leacan and Bally mote, lay Kianaght Glengiven, now the barony Kenaught,
Brefney, which Mac Cagadhain was chief, name sometimes
Kilbegain, now the parish Kilbeggan, the barony Moycashel, Westmeath, where monastery was founded St. Becan, about 600.
Cnoc Muaidhe, now the parish Abbeyknockmoy, the barony Tyaquin, county Galway: where abbey was founded
1189, by Cathal Crovdearg O'Conor, commemoration
anglicised Mac Egan, and others, Mac Coggan.
Liathdruim, Galway.
Moy The district
probably the parish
Eeleog,
the Two Backs,
Crossmolina, Mayo.
district
Leitrim,
the parish
Mayo, has beenalready explained.
the county
Rathluraigh, that Ardstraw, parish partly Omagh, but chiefly that Strabane, county
was ancient bishop's see, which was removed A. D. 1158.
the barony Tyrone;
Derry
the county Derry. Keating states that one cleared Nemetius, was Moy-Lughaidh, Hy Tuirtre.
the plains
A. D. of
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Fonachtan O’Bronain, the abbot of Derry, died, and was succeeded by Flan O’Brolchain.
Malachy, son of O'Conor of Maonmoy, was slain by Magnus, son of Torlogh O'Conor, after
the latter had forcibly taken his house at Clon tuaiscert. "
marched their forces to Athleague," where they partly erected a castle, but Cathal Crovdearg, with
his party, crossed the Shannon, eastward by the
Ferry, which so much terrified the English, that
they made peaceable terms, and the Conacians demolished the castle.
O’Reilly, and the entire tribe of Hugh Fionn. ” He afterwards led his forces through Fermanagh, and spoiled every place through which he passed,
both church and country, wherever he was op posed.
Walter de Lacy, and Mac William Burke, arrived from England.
Duvdara, son of Muireagh O'Malley, was put
to death in prison by Cathal Crovdearg O'Conor,
in his own fortress, for his misdeeds. ”
Enda, Son of Danair O'Maoilchiarain, died.
A. D. 1220.
Jacobus arrived in Ireland as the Pope’s legate, to arrange and settle the ecclesiastical affairs of Ire land, after which he returned.
Dermod, son of Roderick O'Conor, son ofTor logh More (monarch of Ireland,) was slain, on his voyage from the Hebrides, by Thomas Mac
Uchtry. Dermod collected a fleet, with which he was coming, for the purpose of having himself made king of Connaught ; Mulrooney O’Dowd was drowned on the same expedition.
Malachy, son of Malachy Beag (the Little,) was drowned in Lough Ree.
Dermod, son of Bryan the Blind, was treacher ously killed by the son of Mahon O’Brien.
Walter de Lacy, and the English of Meath,
a great victory which he obtained there over the English; hence it is said the Inonastery was called de colle victoriae.
1. Clontuskert, a parish in the county of Galway.
2. Hugh Fionn, or Hugh the Fair, was one of the ancient kings
of Connaught, and ancestor to the O'Rourkes and O'Reillys, princes of the two Bresneys. The Garb Trian, signifies the Rough Dis
trict, a name applied to the mountainouspart of the county of Leitrim.
8. The O'Malleys were chiefs of Hy Maille, or Umalia, now the barony of Murrisk, in the county of Mayo.
1. Athliag, or Athleague, was the ancient nameof the ford on the Shannon at Lanesborough, between Longford end Roscommon; so
Donnell, son of Fergal,) and the Clan Fermaighe. ”
A. D. 1221.
Cormac, abbot of Comar,' was slain.
The son of Hugo de Lacy came to Ireland, con trary to the command of the king of England, and having joined Hugh O’Neill against the English, they first proceeded to Colerain, and dismantled the castle, and from thence marched to Meath and Leinster, and reduced the country on that expedi tion. The Anglo-Irish collected twenty-four
battalions at Dundalk, but Hugh O’Neill, and de
Lacy collected four large battalions, and marched
against the English, who submitted to O’Neill on his own terms.
A. D. 1222.
Mac Gealan, bishop of Kildare, died.
Ailbin O'Mulloy, bishop of Ferns, died.
Maoilisa O'Flynn, prior of Eas Mac Erc," died. Teige O'Boyle, the prosperity and support of
the north of Ireland, the bestower of rich presents, and patron of learned men, died.
Niall O’Neill violated Derry, in defiance of the
daughter of O’Kane, but God and Columkille
were avenged for this, for he did not live long after wards.
that it appears that this castle was built in the vicinity of that place, on the banks of the Shannon.
2. Mac Flanchadha, was Mac Clancy, and Mac Samradhain
was Mac Gauran, sometimes anglicised to Somers. Both were
chiefs in Leitrim and Cavan, as will be fully explained in the note on Brefney.
1. Comar was probably the Cistercian abbey of Comber, in the county of Down, or perhaps Commer, now the parish of Kilmacreen, county of Galway, where there was also a religious establishment.
1. Eas Mac Erc. There was a place so called, in the parish of Donagh, barony of Inisowen, county of Donegal. See also p. 34.
REIGN OF HENRY III. 39
O’Donnell (i. e. Donal More,) marched his forces
into the Garbh Thrian of Connaught, and ob
tained hostages, and the submission of O’Rourke, were slain by Hugh O'Rourke (i. e. the son of
The Cairneach Riabhach (i. e. the Grey Friar) Mac Flanchadha, and Fergal Mac Samhradhain,
40 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1223–24.
Giolla Mochoinni O'Cahal, lord of eastern and Maolisa Mac-an-Espoig O'Maolfaghmair, par western Kinel Hugh, was slain by Shaughnusagh son and bishop elect of Hy Fiachra and Hy Macgiollananeev O’Shaughnusy, after having been Amalgaidh (Killala,) was slain by the son of betrayed by his own people. O'Dowd, a crime the more culpable in him, for
Mor, daughter of O'Boyle, the wife of Awlave none of the O’Dowds ever before killed an eccle
O’Beollain (O’Boland,) died.
A. D. 1223.
Maoliosa, son of Torlogh O'Conor, prior of Inis
meodhoin,' died.
Duvthagh O’Duffy, abbot of Cong, died. O'Donnell (Donal More,) marched his forces to
Croaghan of Connaught, from thence to the Tuatha, and proceeded westward across the river Suck,
and devastated, by fire and sword, every district through which he passed, compelling them to give
Crovdearg, the son Torlogh More O'Conor, and Seachnusagh Macgiollananeev O’Shaughnusy, king Connaught, the man who had, during
was killed by Clan Cuilein,” who carried off the long time, destroyed more the traitors and
hostages, and make their submission.
siastic.
-
An awful and strange shower fell in Connaught, extending over Hy Maine, Sodain, Hy Diarmada,
and other parts, followed by terrible diseases and distempers among the cattle that grazed on the lands where this shower fell; and their milk pro duced, in the persons who drank extraordinary internal diseases. was manifest that these were
evil omens, foreboding misfortunes the people Connaught, they sustained irreparable loss and calamity the same year the death Cathal
great crozier of St. Colman of Kilmacduagh. Murogh Carragh O'Ferrall was slain by a dart, while making an attack on Hugh, son of Awlave
O’Ferrall.
A. D. 1224.
The monastery of St. Francis, at Athlone, was
enemies Ireland than any other had done, the chief supporter the clergy, and benefactor
the poor and indigent—a man whom God had implanted more goodness and greater virtues than
any other the Irish nobility his time. From the period his wife's death his own, led single and virtuous life. During his reign tithes were first lawfully collected Ireland. This
founded by Cathal Crovdearg O’Conor, king of
Connaught, in the diocese of Clonmacnois, on the upright and noble prince, this warrior pure east bank of the Shannon. piety and just judgments, died the 28th day
Maolmuire O'Conmaic, bishop of Hy Fiachra, Summer, Monday, the habit grey and of Kinel Hugh," died. friar, the monastery Knockmoy, which
The bishop of Conmaicne, i. e. the English himself had dedicated God, and granted the bishop,” died. monks, with site and lands, and which was Maurice, the canonist, son of Roderick O'Conor, interred with due honours and solemnity. The
one of the most eminent of the Irish for learning, psalmody, and poetry, died,and was buried at Cong. Maolkeevin O’Scingin, aircineach of Ardcarna,"
place Cathal Crovdearg’s birth was the Port Lough Mask, and was nurtured and educated
Hy Diarmada, with Teige O'Conceanain. "
died.
Inis Meodhain, island Lough Mask, county Clan Cuilein, district the east the county
which the Mac Namaras were chiefs.
Mayo. Clare,
several writers. He was long celebrated amongst the valiant warrior, and got the name Croibhdearg, signi the Red Bloody Hand, from the many battles fought against the English. He was king Connaught for many years, and made many emergetic efforts restore the Irish monarchy. Amongst the many victories gained, was the battle Knockmoy,
A. D. 1189, which cut off the English forces commanded the valiant Almeric St. Lawrence, ancestor the earls
Bishop Hy Fiachra and Cinel Hugh, that Kilmacduagh.
bishop Bishop Commaicne, Ardagh, mentioned Ware
Howth. commemoration this battle, Cistercian monastery Knockmoy, the county
was known under the name colle victoriae, that
founded great Galway, which
Robert, Cistercian monk.
Ard Carna, Ardcarne, parish
county Roscommon, had early times bishop's see.
the barony Boyle, monastery, and was
the hill victory. Amidst the venerable ruins Knockmoy, are still
Cathal Crowdearg O'Conor, was the son Torlogh, monarch Ireland, and brother king Roderick O'Conor, not his son,
seen some interesting remains the magnificent monument Crovdearg O'Conor.
stated Irish, fying,
of
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Hugh, in maintenance of the laws and functions of a prince, when about to assume the government,
On Irish proper names. It may here not be unnecessary to give an explanation of some of the proper and Christian names of men and women that frequently occur in the course of these Annals. Many of these Irish names appear strange and uncouth to the mere English reader, though if their etymology and pro nunciation were perfectly understood, they would be found truly beautiful, euphonious, and expressive. A few examples are given, as follows:–
Aodh, pronounced Ee and E, was one of the most frequent names of kings and chiefs amongst the Irish. The word signifies fire, and was probably derived from the Druidical worship. The name has been anglicised into Hugh, aud latinised variously, Hugo, Aedus, Aedanus, Aidus, and Odo.
Aongus, the name of kings and chiefs, pronounced Angus, derived from Aon, excellent, and Gus, strength. This has become a surname, Mac Aongusa, or Mac Gennises, lords of Iveagh.
Ardgal, a name of chiefs, from Ard, exalted, and gal, valour.
Hugh O'Conor, of Maonmoy, died on his jour ney home from Jerusalem and the river Jordan.
also, like many others, became surname, the great family
the O'Conors, kings Connaught, and others that name Ireland.
We find several names chiefs commencing with Cu, which signifies hound, and figuratively swift-footed warrior, for instance, Cuchullain, famous warrior the Red Branch Knights
Ulster, the name signifying the warrior Ulster, Ulladh,
Ulster, some times inflected Ullain.
Cu-Ulladh, frequent name chiefs, also signifies the warrior
Ulladh, Ulster. Cu-Midhe, signifying the warrior Meath, also frequent name chiefs.
Cuchonnacht, signifies the warrior Connaught, and was favourite maine the Mac Guires, chiefs Fermanagh. This name has been anglicised into Conor, and Constantine.
Domhnall, pronounced Don-all, and anglicised Daniel, name kings and chiefs, became also surname, the great family the O'Donnells, princes Tirconnell.
Donnoch, Donnchu, name kings and chiefs, frequent
among the O'Briens, derived probably from Donn, brown, and Cu, warrior, therefore might signify the brown-haired warrior. The name pronounced Donogh, and anglicised Denis. has also
become surname, the clans the Mac Donoghs, and O'Donoghoes.
Diarmaid, Diarmuid, name kings and chiefs, which,
Brian, a name of kings and chiefs, derived from Bri, strength,
and an, very great, that warrior
been anglicised into Bryan and Bernard. the great family the O'Briens, kings
great strength.
has become Thomond,
has surname derived
Blosgach, the name chief, signifies smasher. This has become the surname Mac Closkey, clan Derry.
strong man, Mac Blosgaidh,
latinised Eochadius, Achadius, and Achaius,
and chiefs, derived from Each Eoch, signifies horseman knight.
name many kings steed, and therefore
Cathal, frequent name kings and chiefs, signifies great warrior, from Cath, battle, and all, great.
Cathaoir, Cathair, also frequent name kings and chiefs, has similar signification from Cath, battle, and ar, slaughter.
Eachmarcach, and Eachmilidh, names chiefs, have similar signification, the first derived from Each, steed, and mar
cach, rider; the second from Each, steed, and Milidh, knight.
Eigneachan, derived from Eigean, force, and Neach, person, and may signify plundering chief.
Eogan, name kings and chiefs, signifies young man
youthful warrior. This name has beenanglicised into Owen and Eugene, Latin, Eugenius. was favourite name the
O'Neills, from their ancestor Eogan, son Niall the Hostages, monarch of Ireland.
Feidhlim, Feidhlimidh, name kings and chiefs, which, according Cormac's Glossary, signifies great goodness, and probably derived from Feile, hospitality, hence may signify man hospitality. The name pronounced Felim, Phelim, and has beenanglicised Felix.
Feargal, name kings and chiefs, derived from Fear, man,
and gal, valour, hence signifying valiant warrior. has become surname, O'Feargail, O'Ferralls, princes Anally. This
was favourite Christian name the O'Ferralls, O'Rourkes, and O'Reillys.
Feargus, Fergus, frequent name kings and chiefs, derived from Fear, man, and gus, strength, hence signifies strong warrior.
Fiacha, frequent name kings and chiefs from the earliest ages, and derived from Fiacha, hunter, which probably had its origin from the occupation amusement hunting, frequent early times. Nimrod for instance, the Scriptures,
mentioned mighty hunter.
Flann, name kings and chiefs, word which signifies
G
the pronunciation these names the pronounced Cah-al and Cah-ir. may
silent, and they are remarked that both
these names have been absurdly anglicised into Charles.
Cormac, name kings and chiefs, signifies the son the Chariot, from corb, chariot, and mac, son. Cairbre, fre quent name kings and chiefs, probably derived from the same source, corb, chariot, and Ri, king, hence may signify the
chief or ruler of the chariot. *
Conn, name
wisdom sense;
figuratively applied
Con. This was favourite name with the chiefs of the
kings and chiefs, may derived from Conn, from Cu, which signifies hound, and was warrior, the genitive case Cu makes
O'Neills, from Conn the Hundred Battles, monarch Ireland, one of their ancestors.
Conall, name kings and chiefs, derived either from Comall, friendship, from Cu, making the genitive Con, signifying warrior, and all, mighty, instance which may given the famous warrior Conall Cearnach, Conall the Victorious.
Cathbhar, pronounced Cah-war, was favourite name amongst the chiefs the O’Donnells, and signifies helmeted-warrior,
from Cathbhar, and Barr, chief.
helmet, perhaps from Cath, war
battle,
fre
Conchubhar,
quent name kings and chiefs, derived from Cu Con, war rior, and Cobhair, aid hence signifies the helping warrior. This name has been anglicised into Conor, and latinised Cornelius.
Conchobhar, pronounced Con-coo-rar,
REIGN OF HENRY III. 41
Hugh O'Conor, (Cathal Crovdearg’s son), commanded the eyes of the son of O’Monaghan succeeded immediately, without opposition, as king to be put out, because he had committed a rape, of Connaught, for he held the hostages of and the hands and feet of another to be cut off, Connaught previous to his father's death. because he had committed a robbery.
Art, a name of kings and chiefs, derived from Art, noble. was a frequent name amongst the O'Neills. It has been anglicised to Arthur.
It
derived from Dia, god, and Armaid, Arm, arms, the word thus signifying god
arms, epithet
word Bran signifying Raven, and Dubh, black. The O’Brains one Homer's heroes, Dios Krateros Diomedes, the god-like
from their ancestor, Brian Boroimhe. Brandubh, the name king Leinster
the sixth century, his hair, the
according O'Brien, the genitive plural
applied warrior equivalent that
signifying the Black Raven, from the colour
O'Byrnes, chiefs Wicklow, derived their descent from this king.
fighting Diomede. This name has also become surname, Mac Diarmada, Mac Dermotts, princes Moylurg.
Eochaidh, pronounced Eochy, Eohy, anglicised Achy, and
of
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42 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1224.
Doncathach, son of Aireactach O’Rody, chief Mahon, son of Carney O’Kerin, lord of Ciar of Clan Tomaltaidh, died on his pilgrimage at raidhe of Lough-na-nairneadh,” died.
Tobur Patrick. ”
Maoilseachlin, son of Teige O'Kelly, lord of
Hy Maine, died.
Giolla-na-neev Crom O’Shaughnessy, lord of
The corn was unreaped till the festival of St. Brid get, when the ploughing commenced (a delay), occa sioned by war, and the inclemency of the weather.
Maurice Fitzgerald,” from whom are descended the western half of Kinel Hugh of Echtgi, the Geraldines of Kildare and Desmond, founded
died.
Donal O'Kelly, lord of Hy Maine, died. Cucanan O’Concanan died.
red complexion. It has become a surname, as O'Flainn, or
O'Flynns, of whom there were several clans, and the O'Flanagans are derived from the same source. o
a monastery at Youghal, in the diocese of Cluan insi-Mumhan (Cloyne), for friars of the order of
Fionn, the name of kings and chiefs, signifies fair-haired, and the word is prefixed to many names.
the Hy Nialls, who were descended from Niall of the Hostages, monarch of Ireland.
Rudhraighe, or Ruadhraighe, a name of kings and chiefs, may be derived either from Ruadh, valiant, and Righ, a king ; or, Ruadh, red, and Righ, a king, and may therefore signify the valiant king, or the red-haired king. This name has been anglicised to Rory and Roderick.
Toirdhealbhach, pronounced Torlogh, a name of kings and chiefs, derived from Tor, a tower, and dealbhach, form, signifying a man of tower-like stature. This name has been anglicised to Terence.
Tomaltach, a name of chiefs, derived from Tomailt, provisions, or good living, hence signified a man of hospitality. It has been anglicised to Thomas
Tuathal, pronounced Tua-hal, a name of kings and chiefs, derived from Tuatha, territories, that man possessed large landed property, lordship, has become surname, O'Tuathail, O'Toole.
Tighearman, Tiarnan, aname chiefs, derived from Tiarna,
lord. This was favourite name among the chiefs of the O'Rourkes. also became surname, Mac Tiernan, Mac
Flaithbheartach, pronounced Flaherty, the name of chiefs. This word, which may appear in the Irish to have an uncouth sound, is really a euphonious name, of expressive signification, being derived from Flaith, a chief, and beartach, of deeds, and may, therefore, signify a chief of noble deeds. It has become a sur name, as of the O'Flahertys, chiefs of West Connaught.
St. Francis.
-
Guaire, a name of kings and chiefs, which signified noble or ex
cellent. Guaire, an ancient king of Connaught, was celebrated for his hospitality.
Gearrmaide, a name of some chiefs, derived from Gearr,
short, and maide, a stick, which might signify the chief of the
short cudgel: the first probably who obtainedthis was distinguished for his stick-fighting.
Giolla. This word is prefixed to many names, chiefly to those
of ecclesiastics, and signifies a servant, or disciple, for instance
Giolla-an-choimhdhe, signifying the servant of the Trinity, from Kernan.
Coimhde, the Trinity; Giolla-Iosa, the servant of Jesus; a name Tadhg, Teige, frequent name, signified originally, poet.
which has been latinised into Gelasius; Giolla-Criost, the servant of Christ; Giolla-Muire, the servant of the Virgin Mary; Giolla na-naomh, pronounced Giolla-na-neev, signifying the servant of the saints; Giolla-Peadair, or the servant of St. Peter; Giolla-Poil, or servant of St. Paul; Giolla-Michil, the servant of St. Michael; Giolla-Patraig, the servant of St. Patrick; Giolla Coluim, or servant of St. Columkille; Giolla-Brighde, the servant of St. Bridget; Giolla-Ciarain, the servant of St. Kiaran; Giolla Caomhain, the servant of St. Kevin; Giolla-Easbuig, the servant of the bishop, &c.
Maol is also prefixed chiefly to the names of ecclesiastics, and
signifies a bald or tonsured person, who became the spiritual ser
Ualgarg, name chiefs amongst the O'Rourkes, derived from Uaill, famous, and garg, fierce, signifying famous and fierce warrior.
few names women may here given specimens, for instance, Bebinn, derived from Be, woman, and binn, melodious.
Feithfailge, beautiful and fanciful name, derived from Feith, vant of some saint, as for instance Maol-Iosa, or the servant of honey-suckle, and failge, rings, hence signifies honey
Jesus; Maol-Muire, or the servant of the Virgin Mary; Maol
Peadair, or the servant of St. Peter; Maol-Poil, or the servant of St. Paul; Maol-Patraig, or the servant of St. Patrick; Maol
Coluim, or the servant of St. Columkille, a name known as Mal colm, and which was borne by many of the kings of Scotland.
Maolseachlain, signifying the servant of St. Sechnall, or Seach lan, was a name frequent amongst the kings and chiefs of Meath, of the Hy Nialls. This name has been anglicised to Malachy;
it also became a surname of that clan, under the name O'Melaghlin.
suckle ringlets.
Fionnghuala, signifies fair-shouldered woman, from Fiom,
white, and guala, shoulders. This name has been anglicised
-
rosy complexioned beauty.
wine rosy complexioned woman.
Ciarraidhe-Loch-na-nairneadh, which O'Flaherty calls Kerry, Loch Mairne, lay the parish Aghamore, barony
Costello, county Mayo.
Maurice Fitzgerald. The Fitzgeralds trace their descent from the dukes Tuscany. Some the family, from Florence,
settled Normandy, and came from thence England with Wil liam the Conqueror. Maurice Fitzgerald came Ireland with Robert Fitzstephen, and other Anglo-Norman chiefs, A. D. 1169, and assisted Strongbow the reduction Ireland. He thus described from Cambrensis and Holingshed:—“A man was,
Maolmordha, a name which has been anglicised to
Myles,
or
common. Tobar grimage, the
Miles, was a favourite name of the chiefs of the O'Reillys. Muircheartach, a frequent name of chiefs, may be derived from Muir, the sea, and ceart, a right, hence might'signify a naval warrior, or a chief establishing his rights at sea. The name has
been anglicised to Murtogh.
Muireadhach, a name of kings and chiefs, which may also be
derived from Muir, the sea, and Eadhach, a protector, a name
equivalent to that of admiral. It has been anglicised Morogh, and Maurice.
Niall, a name of many kings and chiefs, derived from Niadh, a champion, or mailed knight, and all, noble, hence signifies a noble knight, or armed champion. This became the tribe-name of
Mayo, where O'Maigin, A. D. 1225.
Barraubh, dubh, dark.
Dearforgail, from Dear,
dark-haired woman, from Barr, the hair, and
Dervorgil, signifies purely fair daughter, daughter, and forgil, purely fair.
Dubhdeasa,
Dubh, dark, and deas, beautiful.
Penelope.
Flanna, signifies red Lasairfhiona, signifies Mor, frequent name
-
Dudeasa, signifies dark-haired beauty, from
women,signifies fine majestic woman. Clan Tomaltaidh, district, according O’Dugan, the ter ritory Croaghan Connaught, the present county Ros Padraig St. Patrick's well, place pil parish Annagh, barony Costello, county
church was founded by the abbot Maolbrighde
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A. D. 1225.
REIGN OF HENRY III. 43
Mac Oireachty turned against Hugh O'Conor,
WLAVE O’BEO the Siol Murray, and the people West Con LAN, naught, headed by Hugh O'Flaherty, lord
aircineach of West Connaught, and the Irish the province,
Drumcliff, a learned except Mac Dermott (Cormac, son Tomaltach),
man, and a Biatach,' rose opposition him. As O’Neill, did
died.
O’Mulbrenan, abbot Murray, from whence
the middle Siol proceeded the wood
not halt until arrived
of the monastery of Athlone, where remained encamped for two
Boyle, died from the accidental effects of
bloodletting. Maolbrighde O’Mai
nights the mill Guanach, until devastated
Lough Nen, from which carried away the treasures of O’Conor. From thence he marched
Carn Fraoich,” where Torlogh, son Roderick gin, abbot of Tobar O'Conor, was inaugurated O’Neill and his
patrick, a son of purity party; for the clans, except the supporters
and wisdom, died. Hugh, namely, Mac Dermott, David O'Flynn, Hefounded the church and few others, gave their support the sons
) of Tobarpatrick, which of Roderick.
sanctuary and crosses, The son Cathal Crovdearg then came
-
he completed, with
great pains, and dedicated honour St. resolution repair the English, the castle Patrick, the Virgin Mary, and the Apostles. Athlone; and happened fortunately for him
Giolla-an-Choimde Mac Giollacharraidh, dig that the English nobility Ireland were then
nified priest, and parson Taughboine, died. Dionisius O’Mulkiaran, aircineach Ardcarne,
died.
Giollacoirpthe O’Mugroin died, and was inter The English received him gladly, and
the English. remained
red Cong St. Feichin. with them for some time, very friendly terms. O'Neill mustered powerful force, and marched The lord justice, and many the English nobility,
into Connaught, aid the sons Roderick gave him their support, and were joined O'Conor, namely, Torlogh and Hugh, the Donagh Cairbreach O’Brien, and O’Melaghlin,
instance Duinnoig Mac Oireachtaidh (Mac Geraghty), head chief Siol Murray (Roscom mon), revenged O'Conor (Hugh), who
(lord Meath), with their forces.
The people Moy Ai, and those the Tuatha Connaught, (in Roscommon), having received had dispossessed him his territory; but when intelligence the muster the forces, fled, with
both honest and wise, and for truth and valour very noble and famous, man his word, constant mind, and certain bash fulness, well coloured, and good countenance, middle stature, and compact all points, courteous, gentle, and moderate, pattern sobriety and good behaviour; man few words; his speeches more full wit and reason than words; more wisdom he had than eloquence; martial affairs bold, stout, and valiant, and yet not hasty run headlong into any adventure, but when attempt was once taken hand, he would strictly pur sue and follow the same. ” He was appointed chief governor Ireland, A. D. 1173, Henry II. , and and his descendantsgot large grants lands Leinster and Munster, chiefly the coun ties Kildare, Wicklow, Wexford, Cork, and Kerry. He died A. D. 1177, and was buried the abbey the Grey Friars Wexford. From him was descendedthe above Maurice Fitzgerald, and the noble family the Fitzgeralds, one the most distin guished
Elizabeth,
also many other eminent families the name Ireland. The earls Desmond and Kildare were frequently lords deputie and chief governors Ireland, down the reign Elizabeth. The noble family the Geraldines frequently joined the Irish against the English government; hencethey were charged English wri ters having become Irish language and manners, and Hiber nis ipsis Hiberniores, more Irish than the Irish themselves.
Biatachs were order persons very numerous Ireland, ancient times appointed keep houses hospitality, for the
Ireland. branch them were, down the reign earls Desmond, and had immense possessions the
been used for supporting the military their march.
Cork and Kerry. Another branch became barons
Carn Fraoich, tion the O'Conors Tulsk, the county
above mentioned, was the place inaugura kings Connaught, and was situated near Roscommon.
counties
Offaly, earls Kildare, and dukes Leinster. There have been
assembled there, most whom were his friends his own account, well that his father,
for they were both tributaries
entertainment of"travellers and the poor; and the establishments over which they presided had endowments and grants lands for the public use, and free entertainment for all persons who stood
need it; and from these arose the term Ballybiatach, com mon Ireland name for townland, which signified land ap propriated these purposes. early times these appear have
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44 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1225.
their flocks and property, into the territory of ing, fled into Tyrawley, where they were attacked,
Lieney and Tyrawley, and left the sons of Rode and plundered
their cattle, O'Dowd. the sons Roderick, the resolu
rick, with a small army, who, with what men they could assemble, retired to Kilkelly. ” Hugh, and
the English who aided him, sent the light com panies to plunder the adherents of Roderick's sons, and kept the main army for the purpose of attacking those of their opponents. Hugh, the son of Roderick, Donal O'Flaherty, Tiarnan, son
of Cathal Migarun, and the son of Torlogh, son of
Roderick, went to solicit the aid of some friends.
The English, accompanied by Hugh, son of
Cathal Crovdearg, marched to attack Torlogh,
who, perceiving their intention, commanded his nagh proceeded thither with sureties, seek his inexperienced leaders, namely, Donagh Oge Mac pardon and protection. - Oireachty with his recruits, Flaherty O'Flanagan, The people South Connaught were then
and several other young soldiers, to advance with very unsettled and unhappy condition, for the possible speed before him, while himself English Leinster and Munster, along with Mur
covered the rear; which movement effectually togh O’Brien and the English Desmond, headed executed, and thus they escaped without any loss. the sheriff Cork, marched together into their On the same day, skirmishing party from territory, slew whom they met, and plundered
Hugh O'Conor came with Eachmarcach Mac their farms and towns. Hugh, son Cathal Branan, who, while defending his prey cattle, Crovdearg, was much displeased with them, for was killed by his opponents. coming such expedition, for they had not
Hugh O'Conor, the head the English, come
pursued the sons Roderick, that night, Mee desire
lick, and spent three nights plundering Lieny much the lord justice and his English followers
With respect tion they came
was, that they would separate their forces until the English should quit Hugh
that Donn Mac Oiraghty, and others their chiefs should the country O'Flaherty, their
friend and ally; and that the sons Murtogh O'Conor, and Tiarnan Mac Cathail, should
quest their people and cattle, and sue for peace
their behalf, until the English should separate from the son Cathal Crovdearg. Hugh was then Mayo; and the sons Murtogh Muim
directions; but afterwards made peace with had obtained the wealth Connaught that
O’Hara, and spared the remaining property the
country. Roderick’s sons were, this time, the neighbourhood Lough Mac Feredaidh, Glen
na-Mochart. Hugh advised his English allies plunder the Tuatha Connaught, Siol Murray,
occasion. During that incursion the four sons
Mac Murrogh were slain one place.
was woeful visitation of Providence which
befel the best province Ireland that time, for man spared his neighbour, but took advantage
his misfortunes, and plundered him; and many women, children, and helpless persons among the led the English unfrequented pass through peasantry, perished cold and famine during
and also the clan Tomaltaidh, they had fled.
Killala were also sometimes called Tyrawley. See Ware's Bishops,
Scots who invaded the north Ireland II. 306.
Derlais, district the county
Dalaradia.
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38 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1216-17-18-19.
A. D. 1216.
Mahon O'Laverty, (or O'Flaherty,) chief of Two Backs, was killed his own house, by
Clan Donal,' died.
Giolla-Arnain O’Martain, ofIreland, died.
chief Brehon, or judge
Cathal Fionn (the Fair) O’Laghtna, chief the O'Flynn, Moy Eleog. ”
A. D. 1218.
Clemens, bishop Lieney (Achonry. ) died.
Tomaltach, son of Hugh, son of Araghtagh O'Rody, was slain by Donal, son of Hugh Mac Dermott.
Eaghdon Mac Gilli-Uider,” coarb of St. Pa trick, and primate of Ireland, died at Rome, after a well spent life.
Malachy MacDermott was slain by the people of Ferkall, and those of Myler Fitz Henry.
Moragh, son of Roderick O'Conor, died.
The castle of Killaloe was erected by Geoffrey Marisco, and the English bishop (of Norwich. ) also erected a mansion there, despite of opposition.
O'Gormley, pilgrimage. Derry Columkille, died the 8th December, after
Henry III. was proclaimed king the 19th October. ”
England,
having presided for forty years, and having done
every possible service the church and the country.
The church the monastery Boyle was con secrated.
Murtogh O'Flynn, lord Hy Tuirtre, was
slain the English; and Congalach O’Cuinn (O'Quinn,) chief Moy Lugad,” and the entire
Siol Cathusaigh, who was the tower bravery,
hospitality, and magnanimity the north Ire
land, was also slain the English the same day.
Rory and Malachy, the sons Mac Coghlan, died the monastery Kilbeggain. ”
Loughlin O'Conor died the monastery Cnoc Muaidhe. "
The English Meath, and Murtogh Carrach O'Ferrall, plundered the territory Hy Briuin, the Shannon, but were overtaken Dermod,
A. D. 1217.
Giolla Tigernagh Mac Giolla Ronan, bishop Oriel, (Clogher,) and chief canon Ireland, died,
after penance and repentance.
Dermod, son Conor Mac Dermott, lord
Moylurg, died.
Mor, the daughter O’Brien, (that Donal,)
the wife Cathal Crovdearg O'Conor, died.
Donal O'Gara, died.
Nial, the grandson Loughlin O'Conor, died. son Torlogh, son Melaghlin, with party
Teige O'Ferrall was slain Muragh Carragh O’Ferrall.
Gillpatrick Mac Acadhain, chief Clan Fer maighe,' died.
Donal, son Murragh Mac Coghlan, lord the
greater portion Delvin, was treacherously slain
the sons Malachy Mac Coghlan, Liath druim. ”
Clan Donal. There was district called, near Lough Con, the county Mayo.
Mac Gilli Uidhir. This was Eugene Mac Gillivider, arch bishop Armagh.
the Conacians, who defeated the English, whom upwards one hundred were either drowned slain; and O'Conor himself, and many his party, were also killed the thick the fight.
A. D. 1219.
Hugh O'Malone, bishop Clonmacnois, was drowned.
Giolla-na-naomh (or Giollananeev) priest Rathluraigh, died while
Maoiliosa O’Doighre, aircineach
King John died the 19th was succeeded by his son Henry III.
Clan Fermaighe, according
October, A. D. 1216, and
O'Dugan, was district
Magh Lugad, according the books Leacan and Bally mote, lay Kianaght Glengiven, now the barony Kenaught,
Brefney, which Mac Cagadhain was chief, name sometimes
Kilbegain, now the parish Kilbeggan, the barony Moycashel, Westmeath, where monastery was founded St. Becan, about 600.
Cnoc Muaidhe, now the parish Abbeyknockmoy, the barony Tyaquin, county Galway: where abbey was founded
1189, by Cathal Crovdearg O'Conor, commemoration
anglicised Mac Egan, and others, Mac Coggan.
Liathdruim, Galway.
Moy The district
probably the parish
Eeleog,
the Two Backs,
Crossmolina, Mayo.
district
Leitrim,
the parish
Mayo, has beenalready explained.
the county
Rathluraigh, that Ardstraw, parish partly Omagh, but chiefly that Strabane, county
was ancient bishop's see, which was removed A. D. 1158.
the barony Tyrone;
Derry
the county Derry. Keating states that one cleared Nemetius, was Moy-Lughaidh, Hy Tuirtre.
the plains
A. D. of
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Fonachtan O’Bronain, the abbot of Derry, died, and was succeeded by Flan O’Brolchain.
Malachy, son of O'Conor of Maonmoy, was slain by Magnus, son of Torlogh O'Conor, after
the latter had forcibly taken his house at Clon tuaiscert. "
marched their forces to Athleague," where they partly erected a castle, but Cathal Crovdearg, with
his party, crossed the Shannon, eastward by the
Ferry, which so much terrified the English, that
they made peaceable terms, and the Conacians demolished the castle.
O’Reilly, and the entire tribe of Hugh Fionn. ” He afterwards led his forces through Fermanagh, and spoiled every place through which he passed,
both church and country, wherever he was op posed.
Walter de Lacy, and Mac William Burke, arrived from England.
Duvdara, son of Muireagh O'Malley, was put
to death in prison by Cathal Crovdearg O'Conor,
in his own fortress, for his misdeeds. ”
Enda, Son of Danair O'Maoilchiarain, died.
A. D. 1220.
Jacobus arrived in Ireland as the Pope’s legate, to arrange and settle the ecclesiastical affairs of Ire land, after which he returned.
Dermod, son of Roderick O'Conor, son ofTor logh More (monarch of Ireland,) was slain, on his voyage from the Hebrides, by Thomas Mac
Uchtry. Dermod collected a fleet, with which he was coming, for the purpose of having himself made king of Connaught ; Mulrooney O’Dowd was drowned on the same expedition.
Malachy, son of Malachy Beag (the Little,) was drowned in Lough Ree.
Dermod, son of Bryan the Blind, was treacher ously killed by the son of Mahon O’Brien.
Walter de Lacy, and the English of Meath,
a great victory which he obtained there over the English; hence it is said the Inonastery was called de colle victoriae.
1. Clontuskert, a parish in the county of Galway.
2. Hugh Fionn, or Hugh the Fair, was one of the ancient kings
of Connaught, and ancestor to the O'Rourkes and O'Reillys, princes of the two Bresneys. The Garb Trian, signifies the Rough Dis
trict, a name applied to the mountainouspart of the county of Leitrim.
8. The O'Malleys were chiefs of Hy Maille, or Umalia, now the barony of Murrisk, in the county of Mayo.
1. Athliag, or Athleague, was the ancient nameof the ford on the Shannon at Lanesborough, between Longford end Roscommon; so
Donnell, son of Fergal,) and the Clan Fermaighe. ”
A. D. 1221.
Cormac, abbot of Comar,' was slain.
The son of Hugo de Lacy came to Ireland, con trary to the command of the king of England, and having joined Hugh O’Neill against the English, they first proceeded to Colerain, and dismantled the castle, and from thence marched to Meath and Leinster, and reduced the country on that expedi tion. The Anglo-Irish collected twenty-four
battalions at Dundalk, but Hugh O’Neill, and de
Lacy collected four large battalions, and marched
against the English, who submitted to O’Neill on his own terms.
A. D. 1222.
Mac Gealan, bishop of Kildare, died.
Ailbin O'Mulloy, bishop of Ferns, died.
Maoilisa O'Flynn, prior of Eas Mac Erc," died. Teige O'Boyle, the prosperity and support of
the north of Ireland, the bestower of rich presents, and patron of learned men, died.
Niall O’Neill violated Derry, in defiance of the
daughter of O’Kane, but God and Columkille
were avenged for this, for he did not live long after wards.
that it appears that this castle was built in the vicinity of that place, on the banks of the Shannon.
2. Mac Flanchadha, was Mac Clancy, and Mac Samradhain
was Mac Gauran, sometimes anglicised to Somers. Both were
chiefs in Leitrim and Cavan, as will be fully explained in the note on Brefney.
1. Comar was probably the Cistercian abbey of Comber, in the county of Down, or perhaps Commer, now the parish of Kilmacreen, county of Galway, where there was also a religious establishment.
1. Eas Mac Erc. There was a place so called, in the parish of Donagh, barony of Inisowen, county of Donegal. See also p. 34.
REIGN OF HENRY III. 39
O’Donnell (i. e. Donal More,) marched his forces
into the Garbh Thrian of Connaught, and ob
tained hostages, and the submission of O’Rourke, were slain by Hugh O'Rourke (i. e. the son of
The Cairneach Riabhach (i. e. the Grey Friar) Mac Flanchadha, and Fergal Mac Samhradhain,
40 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1223–24.
Giolla Mochoinni O'Cahal, lord of eastern and Maolisa Mac-an-Espoig O'Maolfaghmair, par western Kinel Hugh, was slain by Shaughnusagh son and bishop elect of Hy Fiachra and Hy Macgiollananeev O’Shaughnusy, after having been Amalgaidh (Killala,) was slain by the son of betrayed by his own people. O'Dowd, a crime the more culpable in him, for
Mor, daughter of O'Boyle, the wife of Awlave none of the O’Dowds ever before killed an eccle
O’Beollain (O’Boland,) died.
A. D. 1223.
Maoliosa, son of Torlogh O'Conor, prior of Inis
meodhoin,' died.
Duvthagh O’Duffy, abbot of Cong, died. O'Donnell (Donal More,) marched his forces to
Croaghan of Connaught, from thence to the Tuatha, and proceeded westward across the river Suck,
and devastated, by fire and sword, every district through which he passed, compelling them to give
Crovdearg, the son Torlogh More O'Conor, and Seachnusagh Macgiollananeev O’Shaughnusy, king Connaught, the man who had, during
was killed by Clan Cuilein,” who carried off the long time, destroyed more the traitors and
hostages, and make their submission.
siastic.
-
An awful and strange shower fell in Connaught, extending over Hy Maine, Sodain, Hy Diarmada,
and other parts, followed by terrible diseases and distempers among the cattle that grazed on the lands where this shower fell; and their milk pro duced, in the persons who drank extraordinary internal diseases. was manifest that these were
evil omens, foreboding misfortunes the people Connaught, they sustained irreparable loss and calamity the same year the death Cathal
great crozier of St. Colman of Kilmacduagh. Murogh Carragh O'Ferrall was slain by a dart, while making an attack on Hugh, son of Awlave
O’Ferrall.
A. D. 1224.
The monastery of St. Francis, at Athlone, was
enemies Ireland than any other had done, the chief supporter the clergy, and benefactor
the poor and indigent—a man whom God had implanted more goodness and greater virtues than
any other the Irish nobility his time. From the period his wife's death his own, led single and virtuous life. During his reign tithes were first lawfully collected Ireland. This
founded by Cathal Crovdearg O’Conor, king of
Connaught, in the diocese of Clonmacnois, on the upright and noble prince, this warrior pure east bank of the Shannon. piety and just judgments, died the 28th day
Maolmuire O'Conmaic, bishop of Hy Fiachra, Summer, Monday, the habit grey and of Kinel Hugh," died. friar, the monastery Knockmoy, which
The bishop of Conmaicne, i. e. the English himself had dedicated God, and granted the bishop,” died. monks, with site and lands, and which was Maurice, the canonist, son of Roderick O'Conor, interred with due honours and solemnity. The
one of the most eminent of the Irish for learning, psalmody, and poetry, died,and was buried at Cong. Maolkeevin O’Scingin, aircineach of Ardcarna,"
place Cathal Crovdearg’s birth was the Port Lough Mask, and was nurtured and educated
Hy Diarmada, with Teige O'Conceanain. "
died.
Inis Meodhain, island Lough Mask, county Clan Cuilein, district the east the county
which the Mac Namaras were chiefs.
Mayo. Clare,
several writers. He was long celebrated amongst the valiant warrior, and got the name Croibhdearg, signi the Red Bloody Hand, from the many battles fought against the English. He was king Connaught for many years, and made many emergetic efforts restore the Irish monarchy. Amongst the many victories gained, was the battle Knockmoy,
A. D. 1189, which cut off the English forces commanded the valiant Almeric St. Lawrence, ancestor the earls
Bishop Hy Fiachra and Cinel Hugh, that Kilmacduagh.
bishop Bishop Commaicne, Ardagh, mentioned Ware
Howth. commemoration this battle, Cistercian monastery Knockmoy, the county
was known under the name colle victoriae, that
founded great Galway, which
Robert, Cistercian monk.
Ard Carna, Ardcarne, parish
county Roscommon, had early times bishop's see.
the barony Boyle, monastery, and was
the hill victory. Amidst the venerable ruins Knockmoy, are still
Cathal Crowdearg O'Conor, was the son Torlogh, monarch Ireland, and brother king Roderick O'Conor, not his son,
seen some interesting remains the magnificent monument Crovdearg O'Conor.
stated Irish, fying,
of
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Hugh, in maintenance of the laws and functions of a prince, when about to assume the government,
On Irish proper names. It may here not be unnecessary to give an explanation of some of the proper and Christian names of men and women that frequently occur in the course of these Annals. Many of these Irish names appear strange and uncouth to the mere English reader, though if their etymology and pro nunciation were perfectly understood, they would be found truly beautiful, euphonious, and expressive. A few examples are given, as follows:–
Aodh, pronounced Ee and E, was one of the most frequent names of kings and chiefs amongst the Irish. The word signifies fire, and was probably derived from the Druidical worship. The name has been anglicised into Hugh, aud latinised variously, Hugo, Aedus, Aedanus, Aidus, and Odo.
Aongus, the name of kings and chiefs, pronounced Angus, derived from Aon, excellent, and Gus, strength. This has become a surname, Mac Aongusa, or Mac Gennises, lords of Iveagh.
Ardgal, a name of chiefs, from Ard, exalted, and gal, valour.
Hugh O'Conor, of Maonmoy, died on his jour ney home from Jerusalem and the river Jordan.
also, like many others, became surname, the great family
the O'Conors, kings Connaught, and others that name Ireland.
We find several names chiefs commencing with Cu, which signifies hound, and figuratively swift-footed warrior, for instance, Cuchullain, famous warrior the Red Branch Knights
Ulster, the name signifying the warrior Ulster, Ulladh,
Ulster, some times inflected Ullain.
Cu-Ulladh, frequent name chiefs, also signifies the warrior
Ulladh, Ulster. Cu-Midhe, signifying the warrior Meath, also frequent name chiefs.
Cuchonnacht, signifies the warrior Connaught, and was favourite maine the Mac Guires, chiefs Fermanagh. This name has been anglicised into Conor, and Constantine.
Domhnall, pronounced Don-all, and anglicised Daniel, name kings and chiefs, became also surname, the great family the O'Donnells, princes Tirconnell.
Donnoch, Donnchu, name kings and chiefs, frequent
among the O'Briens, derived probably from Donn, brown, and Cu, warrior, therefore might signify the brown-haired warrior. The name pronounced Donogh, and anglicised Denis. has also
become surname, the clans the Mac Donoghs, and O'Donoghoes.
Diarmaid, Diarmuid, name kings and chiefs, which,
Brian, a name of kings and chiefs, derived from Bri, strength,
and an, very great, that warrior
been anglicised into Bryan and Bernard. the great family the O'Briens, kings
great strength.
has become Thomond,
has surname derived
Blosgach, the name chief, signifies smasher. This has become the surname Mac Closkey, clan Derry.
strong man, Mac Blosgaidh,
latinised Eochadius, Achadius, and Achaius,
and chiefs, derived from Each Eoch, signifies horseman knight.
name many kings steed, and therefore
Cathal, frequent name kings and chiefs, signifies great warrior, from Cath, battle, and all, great.
Cathaoir, Cathair, also frequent name kings and chiefs, has similar signification from Cath, battle, and ar, slaughter.
Eachmarcach, and Eachmilidh, names chiefs, have similar signification, the first derived from Each, steed, and mar
cach, rider; the second from Each, steed, and Milidh, knight.
Eigneachan, derived from Eigean, force, and Neach, person, and may signify plundering chief.
Eogan, name kings and chiefs, signifies young man
youthful warrior. This name has beenanglicised into Owen and Eugene, Latin, Eugenius. was favourite name the
O'Neills, from their ancestor Eogan, son Niall the Hostages, monarch of Ireland.
Feidhlim, Feidhlimidh, name kings and chiefs, which, according Cormac's Glossary, signifies great goodness, and probably derived from Feile, hospitality, hence may signify man hospitality. The name pronounced Felim, Phelim, and has beenanglicised Felix.
Feargal, name kings and chiefs, derived from Fear, man,
and gal, valour, hence signifying valiant warrior. has become surname, O'Feargail, O'Ferralls, princes Anally. This
was favourite Christian name the O'Ferralls, O'Rourkes, and O'Reillys.
Feargus, Fergus, frequent name kings and chiefs, derived from Fear, man, and gus, strength, hence signifies strong warrior.
Fiacha, frequent name kings and chiefs from the earliest ages, and derived from Fiacha, hunter, which probably had its origin from the occupation amusement hunting, frequent early times. Nimrod for instance, the Scriptures,
mentioned mighty hunter.
Flann, name kings and chiefs, word which signifies
G
the pronunciation these names the pronounced Cah-al and Cah-ir. may
silent, and they are remarked that both
these names have been absurdly anglicised into Charles.
Cormac, name kings and chiefs, signifies the son the Chariot, from corb, chariot, and mac, son. Cairbre, fre quent name kings and chiefs, probably derived from the same source, corb, chariot, and Ri, king, hence may signify the
chief or ruler of the chariot. *
Conn, name
wisdom sense;
figuratively applied
Con. This was favourite name with the chiefs of the
kings and chiefs, may derived from Conn, from Cu, which signifies hound, and was warrior, the genitive case Cu makes
O'Neills, from Conn the Hundred Battles, monarch Ireland, one of their ancestors.
Conall, name kings and chiefs, derived either from Comall, friendship, from Cu, making the genitive Con, signifying warrior, and all, mighty, instance which may given the famous warrior Conall Cearnach, Conall the Victorious.
Cathbhar, pronounced Cah-war, was favourite name amongst the chiefs the O’Donnells, and signifies helmeted-warrior,
from Cathbhar, and Barr, chief.
helmet, perhaps from Cath, war
battle,
fre
Conchubhar,
quent name kings and chiefs, derived from Cu Con, war rior, and Cobhair, aid hence signifies the helping warrior. This name has been anglicised into Conor, and latinised Cornelius.
Conchobhar, pronounced Con-coo-rar,
REIGN OF HENRY III. 41
Hugh O'Conor, (Cathal Crovdearg’s son), commanded the eyes of the son of O’Monaghan succeeded immediately, without opposition, as king to be put out, because he had committed a rape, of Connaught, for he held the hostages of and the hands and feet of another to be cut off, Connaught previous to his father's death. because he had committed a robbery.
Art, a name of kings and chiefs, derived from Art, noble. was a frequent name amongst the O'Neills. It has been anglicised to Arthur.
It
derived from Dia, god, and Armaid, Arm, arms, the word thus signifying god
arms, epithet
word Bran signifying Raven, and Dubh, black. The O’Brains one Homer's heroes, Dios Krateros Diomedes, the god-like
from their ancestor, Brian Boroimhe. Brandubh, the name king Leinster
the sixth century, his hair, the
according O'Brien, the genitive plural
applied warrior equivalent that
signifying the Black Raven, from the colour
O'Byrnes, chiefs Wicklow, derived their descent from this king.
fighting Diomede. This name has also become surname, Mac Diarmada, Mac Dermotts, princes Moylurg.
Eochaidh, pronounced Eochy, Eohy, anglicised Achy, and
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42 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1224.
Doncathach, son of Aireactach O’Rody, chief Mahon, son of Carney O’Kerin, lord of Ciar of Clan Tomaltaidh, died on his pilgrimage at raidhe of Lough-na-nairneadh,” died.
Tobur Patrick. ”
Maoilseachlin, son of Teige O'Kelly, lord of
Hy Maine, died.
Giolla-na-neev Crom O’Shaughnessy, lord of
The corn was unreaped till the festival of St. Brid get, when the ploughing commenced (a delay), occa sioned by war, and the inclemency of the weather.
Maurice Fitzgerald,” from whom are descended the western half of Kinel Hugh of Echtgi, the Geraldines of Kildare and Desmond, founded
died.
Donal O'Kelly, lord of Hy Maine, died. Cucanan O’Concanan died.
red complexion. It has become a surname, as O'Flainn, or
O'Flynns, of whom there were several clans, and the O'Flanagans are derived from the same source. o
a monastery at Youghal, in the diocese of Cluan insi-Mumhan (Cloyne), for friars of the order of
Fionn, the name of kings and chiefs, signifies fair-haired, and the word is prefixed to many names.
the Hy Nialls, who were descended from Niall of the Hostages, monarch of Ireland.
Rudhraighe, or Ruadhraighe, a name of kings and chiefs, may be derived either from Ruadh, valiant, and Righ, a king ; or, Ruadh, red, and Righ, a king, and may therefore signify the valiant king, or the red-haired king. This name has been anglicised to Rory and Roderick.
Toirdhealbhach, pronounced Torlogh, a name of kings and chiefs, derived from Tor, a tower, and dealbhach, form, signifying a man of tower-like stature. This name has been anglicised to Terence.
Tomaltach, a name of chiefs, derived from Tomailt, provisions, or good living, hence signified a man of hospitality. It has been anglicised to Thomas
Tuathal, pronounced Tua-hal, a name of kings and chiefs, derived from Tuatha, territories, that man possessed large landed property, lordship, has become surname, O'Tuathail, O'Toole.
Tighearman, Tiarnan, aname chiefs, derived from Tiarna,
lord. This was favourite name among the chiefs of the O'Rourkes. also became surname, Mac Tiernan, Mac
Flaithbheartach, pronounced Flaherty, the name of chiefs. This word, which may appear in the Irish to have an uncouth sound, is really a euphonious name, of expressive signification, being derived from Flaith, a chief, and beartach, of deeds, and may, therefore, signify a chief of noble deeds. It has become a sur name, as of the O'Flahertys, chiefs of West Connaught.
St. Francis.
-
Guaire, a name of kings and chiefs, which signified noble or ex
cellent. Guaire, an ancient king of Connaught, was celebrated for his hospitality.
Gearrmaide, a name of some chiefs, derived from Gearr,
short, and maide, a stick, which might signify the chief of the
short cudgel: the first probably who obtainedthis was distinguished for his stick-fighting.
Giolla. This word is prefixed to many names, chiefly to those
of ecclesiastics, and signifies a servant, or disciple, for instance
Giolla-an-choimhdhe, signifying the servant of the Trinity, from Kernan.
Coimhde, the Trinity; Giolla-Iosa, the servant of Jesus; a name Tadhg, Teige, frequent name, signified originally, poet.
which has been latinised into Gelasius; Giolla-Criost, the servant of Christ; Giolla-Muire, the servant of the Virgin Mary; Giolla na-naomh, pronounced Giolla-na-neev, signifying the servant of the saints; Giolla-Peadair, or the servant of St. Peter; Giolla-Poil, or servant of St. Paul; Giolla-Michil, the servant of St. Michael; Giolla-Patraig, the servant of St. Patrick; Giolla Coluim, or servant of St. Columkille; Giolla-Brighde, the servant of St. Bridget; Giolla-Ciarain, the servant of St. Kiaran; Giolla Caomhain, the servant of St. Kevin; Giolla-Easbuig, the servant of the bishop, &c.
Maol is also prefixed chiefly to the names of ecclesiastics, and
signifies a bald or tonsured person, who became the spiritual ser
Ualgarg, name chiefs amongst the O'Rourkes, derived from Uaill, famous, and garg, fierce, signifying famous and fierce warrior.
few names women may here given specimens, for instance, Bebinn, derived from Be, woman, and binn, melodious.
Feithfailge, beautiful and fanciful name, derived from Feith, vant of some saint, as for instance Maol-Iosa, or the servant of honey-suckle, and failge, rings, hence signifies honey
Jesus; Maol-Muire, or the servant of the Virgin Mary; Maol
Peadair, or the servant of St. Peter; Maol-Poil, or the servant of St. Paul; Maol-Patraig, or the servant of St. Patrick; Maol
Coluim, or the servant of St. Columkille, a name known as Mal colm, and which was borne by many of the kings of Scotland.
Maolseachlain, signifying the servant of St. Sechnall, or Seach lan, was a name frequent amongst the kings and chiefs of Meath, of the Hy Nialls. This name has been anglicised to Malachy;
it also became a surname of that clan, under the name O'Melaghlin.
suckle ringlets.
Fionnghuala, signifies fair-shouldered woman, from Fiom,
white, and guala, shoulders. This name has been anglicised
-
rosy complexioned beauty.
wine rosy complexioned woman.
Ciarraidhe-Loch-na-nairneadh, which O'Flaherty calls Kerry, Loch Mairne, lay the parish Aghamore, barony
Costello, county Mayo.
Maurice Fitzgerald. The Fitzgeralds trace their descent from the dukes Tuscany. Some the family, from Florence,
settled Normandy, and came from thence England with Wil liam the Conqueror. Maurice Fitzgerald came Ireland with Robert Fitzstephen, and other Anglo-Norman chiefs, A. D. 1169, and assisted Strongbow the reduction Ireland. He thus described from Cambrensis and Holingshed:—“A man was,
Maolmordha, a name which has been anglicised to
Myles,
or
common. Tobar grimage, the
Miles, was a favourite name of the chiefs of the O'Reillys. Muircheartach, a frequent name of chiefs, may be derived from Muir, the sea, and ceart, a right, hence might'signify a naval warrior, or a chief establishing his rights at sea. The name has
been anglicised to Murtogh.
Muireadhach, a name of kings and chiefs, which may also be
derived from Muir, the sea, and Eadhach, a protector, a name
equivalent to that of admiral. It has been anglicised Morogh, and Maurice.
Niall, a name of many kings and chiefs, derived from Niadh, a champion, or mailed knight, and all, noble, hence signifies a noble knight, or armed champion. This became the tribe-name of
Mayo, where O'Maigin, A. D. 1225.
Barraubh, dubh, dark.
Dearforgail, from Dear,
dark-haired woman, from Barr, the hair, and
Dervorgil, signifies purely fair daughter, daughter, and forgil, purely fair.
Dubhdeasa,
Dubh, dark, and deas, beautiful.
Penelope.
Flanna, signifies red Lasairfhiona, signifies Mor, frequent name
-
Dudeasa, signifies dark-haired beauty, from
women,signifies fine majestic woman. Clan Tomaltaidh, district, according O’Dugan, the ter ritory Croaghan Connaught, the present county Ros Padraig St. Patrick's well, place pil parish Annagh, barony Costello, county
church was founded by the abbot Maolbrighde
heis
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A. D. 1225.
REIGN OF HENRY III. 43
Mac Oireachty turned against Hugh O'Conor,
WLAVE O’BEO the Siol Murray, and the people West Con LAN, naught, headed by Hugh O'Flaherty, lord
aircineach of West Connaught, and the Irish the province,
Drumcliff, a learned except Mac Dermott (Cormac, son Tomaltach),
man, and a Biatach,' rose opposition him. As O’Neill, did
died.
O’Mulbrenan, abbot Murray, from whence
the middle Siol proceeded the wood
not halt until arrived
of the monastery of Athlone, where remained encamped for two
Boyle, died from the accidental effects of
bloodletting. Maolbrighde O’Mai
nights the mill Guanach, until devastated
Lough Nen, from which carried away the treasures of O’Conor. From thence he marched
Carn Fraoich,” where Torlogh, son Roderick gin, abbot of Tobar O'Conor, was inaugurated O’Neill and his
patrick, a son of purity party; for the clans, except the supporters
and wisdom, died. Hugh, namely, Mac Dermott, David O'Flynn, Hefounded the church and few others, gave their support the sons
) of Tobarpatrick, which of Roderick.
sanctuary and crosses, The son Cathal Crovdearg then came
-
he completed, with
great pains, and dedicated honour St. resolution repair the English, the castle Patrick, the Virgin Mary, and the Apostles. Athlone; and happened fortunately for him
Giolla-an-Choimde Mac Giollacharraidh, dig that the English nobility Ireland were then
nified priest, and parson Taughboine, died. Dionisius O’Mulkiaran, aircineach Ardcarne,
died.
Giollacoirpthe O’Mugroin died, and was inter The English received him gladly, and
the English. remained
red Cong St. Feichin. with them for some time, very friendly terms. O'Neill mustered powerful force, and marched The lord justice, and many the English nobility,
into Connaught, aid the sons Roderick gave him their support, and were joined O'Conor, namely, Torlogh and Hugh, the Donagh Cairbreach O’Brien, and O’Melaghlin,
instance Duinnoig Mac Oireachtaidh (Mac Geraghty), head chief Siol Murray (Roscom mon), revenged O'Conor (Hugh), who
(lord Meath), with their forces.
The people Moy Ai, and those the Tuatha Connaught, (in Roscommon), having received had dispossessed him his territory; but when intelligence the muster the forces, fled, with
both honest and wise, and for truth and valour very noble and famous, man his word, constant mind, and certain bash fulness, well coloured, and good countenance, middle stature, and compact all points, courteous, gentle, and moderate, pattern sobriety and good behaviour; man few words; his speeches more full wit and reason than words; more wisdom he had than eloquence; martial affairs bold, stout, and valiant, and yet not hasty run headlong into any adventure, but when attempt was once taken hand, he would strictly pur sue and follow the same. ” He was appointed chief governor Ireland, A. D. 1173, Henry II. , and and his descendantsgot large grants lands Leinster and Munster, chiefly the coun ties Kildare, Wicklow, Wexford, Cork, and Kerry. He died A. D. 1177, and was buried the abbey the Grey Friars Wexford. From him was descendedthe above Maurice Fitzgerald, and the noble family the Fitzgeralds, one the most distin guished
Elizabeth,
also many other eminent families the name Ireland. The earls Desmond and Kildare were frequently lords deputie and chief governors Ireland, down the reign Elizabeth. The noble family the Geraldines frequently joined the Irish against the English government; hencethey were charged English wri ters having become Irish language and manners, and Hiber nis ipsis Hiberniores, more Irish than the Irish themselves.
Biatachs were order persons very numerous Ireland, ancient times appointed keep houses hospitality, for the
Ireland. branch them were, down the reign earls Desmond, and had immense possessions the
been used for supporting the military their march.
Cork and Kerry. Another branch became barons
Carn Fraoich, tion the O'Conors Tulsk, the county
above mentioned, was the place inaugura kings Connaught, and was situated near Roscommon.
counties
Offaly, earls Kildare, and dukes Leinster. There have been
assembled there, most whom were his friends his own account, well that his father,
for they were both tributaries
entertainment of"travellers and the poor; and the establishments over which they presided had endowments and grants lands for the public use, and free entertainment for all persons who stood
need it; and from these arose the term Ballybiatach, com mon Ireland name for townland, which signified land ap propriated these purposes. early times these appear have
2
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44 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1225.
their flocks and property, into the territory of ing, fled into Tyrawley, where they were attacked,
Lieney and Tyrawley, and left the sons of Rode and plundered
their cattle, O'Dowd. the sons Roderick, the resolu
rick, with a small army, who, with what men they could assemble, retired to Kilkelly. ” Hugh, and
the English who aided him, sent the light com panies to plunder the adherents of Roderick's sons, and kept the main army for the purpose of attacking those of their opponents. Hugh, the son of Roderick, Donal O'Flaherty, Tiarnan, son
of Cathal Migarun, and the son of Torlogh, son of
Roderick, went to solicit the aid of some friends.
The English, accompanied by Hugh, son of
Cathal Crovdearg, marched to attack Torlogh,
who, perceiving their intention, commanded his nagh proceeded thither with sureties, seek his inexperienced leaders, namely, Donagh Oge Mac pardon and protection. - Oireachty with his recruits, Flaherty O'Flanagan, The people South Connaught were then
and several other young soldiers, to advance with very unsettled and unhappy condition, for the possible speed before him, while himself English Leinster and Munster, along with Mur
covered the rear; which movement effectually togh O’Brien and the English Desmond, headed executed, and thus they escaped without any loss. the sheriff Cork, marched together into their On the same day, skirmishing party from territory, slew whom they met, and plundered
Hugh O'Conor came with Eachmarcach Mac their farms and towns. Hugh, son Cathal Branan, who, while defending his prey cattle, Crovdearg, was much displeased with them, for was killed by his opponents. coming such expedition, for they had not
Hugh O'Conor, the head the English, come
pursued the sons Roderick, that night, Mee desire
lick, and spent three nights plundering Lieny much the lord justice and his English followers
With respect tion they came
was, that they would separate their forces until the English should quit Hugh
that Donn Mac Oiraghty, and others their chiefs should the country O'Flaherty, their
friend and ally; and that the sons Murtogh O'Conor, and Tiarnan Mac Cathail, should
quest their people and cattle, and sue for peace
their behalf, until the English should separate from the son Cathal Crovdearg. Hugh was then Mayo; and the sons Murtogh Muim
directions; but afterwards made peace with had obtained the wealth Connaught that
O’Hara, and spared the remaining property the
country. Roderick’s sons were, this time, the neighbourhood Lough Mac Feredaidh, Glen
na-Mochart. Hugh advised his English allies plunder the Tuatha Connaught, Siol Murray,
occasion. During that incursion the four sons
Mac Murrogh were slain one place.
was woeful visitation of Providence which
befel the best province Ireland that time, for man spared his neighbour, but took advantage
his misfortunes, and plundered him; and many women, children, and helpless persons among the led the English unfrequented pass through peasantry, perished cold and famine during
and also the clan Tomaltaidh, they had fled.
