No More Learning

That the duke Norfolk did keep the the duke Gloucester, was constraint,
duke Gloucester alive three weeks against offered vindicate him fight; and their the king's will; but for fear the king's dis hoods, which they flung down pledges pleasure, the said duke and himself, with seve their intentions, were delivered the consta
the king's servants, went over Calais, ble and marshal kept. But these
and saw hin put death. ” After this Decla differelices the king thought proper accom WOL. M
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163] STATE TRIALs, Hesay 1400–Proceedings against [164
modate, in a way more politic and more con. the said Searl and Francis, inner par sistent with the exigency of the times, than lour, and said, “There Searl and Francis suffering them to go on to a martial trial. Bag whereupon the duke Gloucester said, ‘Now got, in one of his Examinations before the see shall do well,' and asked Searl how house, mentioned one John Hall, then a pri the king did who said, ‘well;' and sent soner in Newgate, who could say much more him commendations, and the said John than he, relating to the death, of the duke of Lovetofte departed. Whereupon the said Gloucester. Which Hall, being sent for and Searl and Francis took the said duke of Glou examined, confessed the whole matter; whose cester into upper chamber, saying, “That Examination, Confession, and Sentence passed they would speak with him;’ unto whom when against him, being on the Rolls, we shall give they were come there, they said “That the from sir Robert Cotton's own account of it. king's will was, that should slain;’ the
“John Hall, a servant of the duke of Nor duke answered thereto, “If be wel
folk, being examined by Walter Clopton, come;’ that Searl and Francis willed the duke
chief justice, full parliament, confessed upon take chaplain, whom the duke there took, his oath, that the month September, 21st and was confessed. After which confession
IRichard the duke Norfolk charged the they caused the duke lye upon bed, upon said John annong others, murder the duke whom lying, the said Searl and Francis of Gloucester, there being present one John threw feather-bed, the sides whereof the Colfox, esquire the said duke Norfolk; said William Rogers, Dennice, and Cockle and that they two then being Calais, went the chamber held and Searl and Francis lay together Our Ladies church, where they on the mouth of the said duke until he was
found William Hempsley, esquire, said, Bradshaw, esquire,
William Servadlet, the chamber king Richard, Francis Vadlett,
afore dead; Colfox, Hempsley, and Bradshaw, sat
sworn upon the body Christ, before one William Chaplain, saint George's, the
have the said duke living again. ” By whose confession seemed the lords, that he the said John Hall, had deserved grievous death; whereupon they adjudged,
church Our Lady, that they should not dis close the said fact or murder. That after this
aforesaid, the late the chamber
that night the duke their knees, weep ing, and praying for the soul the said duke; and Hall, this examinant, kept the door until
the duke Albemarle; William Rogers, the duke was slain. After the death of which
William Dennice, and Cockle, servants duke, the duke Norfolk cane in, and seeing the said duke Norfolk; whom were him dead, said, ‘It were great matter
the assent the king, that the same Hall should drawn from of Norfolk, towards the house called the Tower-Hill Tyburn, his bowels burned Princes Inn, and when they were come, the before him, his body hanged, headed, and said duke Norfolk caused the persons afore quartered, and his head sent and set upon
oath made, they altogether went with the duke
said enter into lodging within the same Calais, and his quarters the king's pleasure;
house, and departed. After which John and the marshal the same day did execution Lovetofte, with sundry other esquires, brought accordingly. ”
the duke Gloucester, and delivered him
17. Proceedings against WILLIAM SAUTRE, for Heresy, Hen. IV. 1400. Fox's Acts and Monum. 671. ]
THE next yeere after, 1400, followed par mandement the foresaid archbishop Can liament holden Westminster: which par turbury, objected; that the said William liament one William Sautre, good man and before the bishop Norwich had once
faithfull priest, inflamed with zeale true nounced and abiured diuers and sundry Con religion, required hee might bee heard for clusions hereticall and erroneous; and that
the commodity the whole realine. But the ter such abiuration made, publikely and matter being smelt before the bishops, they priuily held, taught, and preached the same obtained that the matter should bee referred conclusions, else such like, disagreeing
the conuocation where the said William the catholike faith, and the great perill and Sautre being brought before the bishops and |. . ". example others. And after this notaries thereunto appointed, the conuocation caused such like conclusions holden and
was deferred the Saturday next ensuing. — preached, said, the said William When Saturday was come, that say, the without renunciation, then and there
twelfth day Februarie, Thomas Arundell read vnto the said archbishop, by master Ro archbishop Canturburie, the presence bert Hall, chancellor vnto the said bishop, his councell prouinciall, being assembled the certaine scrole written, tenor words said Chapter-House, against one William followeth
Sautre, otherwise called Chatris chaplaine, per “Sir William Chatris, otherwise called Sau sonally then and there appearing the com tre, parish priest the church saint Scithe the
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IV. I
165 STATE TRIALS, 2 HENRY IV. 1400–William Saure, for IIeresy. [166 virgin in London, publikly and priuily doth than the foresaid wooden crosse, and the ma
hold these Conclusions vnder written. —Impri teriall substance of the same. mis, he saith, that he will not worship the crosse rather worship the bodies
on which Christ suffered, but onely Christ that very crosse Christ whereon
And that will
saints, than the hung with suffered vpon the crosse. 2. Item, that he this add tion, that the very same crosse were
would sooner worship a temporall king, than afore mee touching the materiall substance. the foresaid wooden crosse. 3. Item, that he And also, that will rather worship man would rather worship the bodies of the saints, truely confessed and penitent, than the crosse than the very crosse of Christ on which he which Christ hung touching the materiall hung, if it were before him. 4. Item, that he substance. —And that also am bound, and will would rather worship a man truly contrite, than rather worship him whom know pre the crosse of Christ. 5. Item, that he is destinate, truely confessed and contrite, than bound rather to worship a man that is predes angell God: for that the one man tinate, than an angell of God. 6. Item, that the same nature with the humanity Christ, if any man would visite the monuments of Pe and not blessed angell. Notwithstand ter and Paul, or goe on pilgrimage to the tombe ing will worship both them, according
of saint Thomas, or else any whither else, for the will God should. —Also, that any the obtaining of any temporall benefit; hee is man hath made vow visit the shrines of the
not bound to keepe his vow, but hee may dis apostles Peter and Paul, goe pilgrim tribute the expences of his vow vpon the almes age vnto saint Thomas tombe, any whither
of the poore. 7. Item, that euery priest and else obtaine any temporall benefit com deacon is more bound to preach the word of moditie; hee not bound simplie keepe
his vow upon the necessitie saluation but hee may giue the expences his vow almes amongst the poore, the prudent counsell
his superiour, suppose. —And also say,
that euery deacon and priest more bound preach the word God, than say the ca nonicall houres, according the primitiue order
the church. -Also, touching the interroga tion the sacrament the altar, say, that, after the pronouncing the sacramentall
God, than to say the canonicall houres. 8. Item, that after the pronouncing of the sacra
mentall words of the bodie of Christ, the broad remaineth of the same nature that it was be
fore, neither doth it cease to be bread. ”—To
which Conclusions or Articles being thus read, the archbishop of Canturbury required the same sir William to answere. And then the
said William asked a copie of such articles or conclusions, and a competent space to answere
wnto the same. Whereupon the said arch words the body Christ, there ceaseth not
bishop commanded a copie of such articles or very bread simply, but remaines bread, conclusions to bee deliuered then and there holy, true, and the bread life; and be
wnto the said William, assigning the Thurs leene the said sacrament bee the
v
body
ery
day then next ensuing him deliberate and Christ, after the pronouncing the sacra
day appearance was come, master Nicolas When all these Answeres were by . . .
make answere When Thursday the said mentall words. ” -
ely Rishton, auditor the causes and businesse master Robert Hall directly and pu there
belonging the said archbishop (then being read, the foresaid archbishop Canturbury in the parliament house Westiniuster, other quired the said William, whether hee had
wise let) continued the said conuocation with abiured the foresaid heresies and errors objected
matters rising, depending, and appertinent against him, before said, before the bishop
thereunto, by commandement the said bi Norwich, not; else had reuoked and shop, vintill the next morrow eight the renounced the said or such like conclusions or
articles, not? To which answered and affirmed that he had not. And then conse
quently (all other articles, conclusions, and an swers aboue written immediatly omitted) the
making bis personall appearance, exhibited
certain scrole, containing the Answeres vinto
certaine articles conclusions giuen vnto altar. —First, whether the sacrament the him, aforesaid, the said bishop; and altar after the pronouncing the sacramentall said, that vinto the foresaid archbishop deli words, remaineth very materiall bread, not. uered the same his answere that behalfe, Vnto which interrogation, the same William vnder the tenor of such words as follow. somewhat waueringly said, and answered, that William Sautre, priest vinworthy, say and an hee knew not that. Notwithstanding, hee swere, that will not, nor intend not wor said, that there was very bread, because ship the crosse whereon Christ was crucified, was the bread of life which came downe from but onely Christ that suffered vpon the crosse; Heauen. —After that the said archbishop de
vnderstanding me, that will not worship manded him, whether the Sacrament after the materiall crosse the grosse corporall mat the sacramentall words, rightly pronounced
ter: yet notwithstanding will worship the the priest, the same bread remaineth, which same signe, token, and memoriall the did before the words pronounced, not. And
passion Christ, adoratione vicaria. And this question the foresaid William answered that will rathcr worship temporall king, like manner before, saying, that there was
clocke. When the morrow came, being Fri day, the foresaid William Sautre, the
chapter house before the said bishop and his. councell prouinciall then and there assembled,
said archbishop examined the same William Sautre, especially vpon the sacrament the
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Wi STATE T. RIALS, 2 HENRY IV. 1400. -Proceedings against [16s :
bread, holy, true, and the bread of life, &c. — the mouth Robert Hall, against the same After that, the foresaid archbishop asked William Sautre (being personally present, him, whether the same materiall bread before and refusing reuoke his heresies, that consecration, by the sacramentall words of the say, true doctrine, but constantly defended priest rightly pronounced, be transubstantiated the same) vinder the tenour words fol from the nature of bread into the very body of loweth.
Christ, or not Whereunto sir William said, that he knew not what that matter meant. —
The Sentence against IV. Sautre.
And then the said archbishop assigned vnto the “In the name God, Amen. Wee Tho
said sir William time to and more mas the God Can grace archbishop
fully to make his answere till the next day; turbury, primate England and legate the and continued this conuocation then and there sea apostolicall, the authoritie God
till the morrow, which morrow, to wit, the 19 almightie and blessed saint Peter and Paul,
day of Februarie being come, the foresaid arch and holy church, and
William againe, in like maner as before, an these presents thee William Sautre, otherwise swered. —After this, amongst other things the called Chawtrey, parish priest pretensed, per said bishop demanded of the same William, if sonally appearing before and vpon the the same material bread being vpon the altar, crime heresie iudicially and lawfully con
bishop of Çanturbury, in the said Chapter-house
of Saint Paul in London, before his councell
prouinciall their and there assembled, specially
asked and cyamined the same sir William Sau and suffragans assistants vinto this present tre there personally present vpon the Sacra councell prouinciall, this our sentence defi ment of the altar, as before. And the same sir mitiue pronounce, decree, and declare
ritie sitting tribunall
God alone before our eyes,
consent the whole clergie our fellow brethren,
our owne autho chief iudge, hauing the counsell and
after the sacramentall words being of the priest rightly pronounced, is transubstantiated into
the very bodie of Christ, or not And the said sir William said he vnderstood not what he
meant. —Then the said archbishop demanded,
whether that materiall bread being round and white, prepared and disposed for the Sacrament
of the bodie of Christ vpon the altar, want
unto, by the vertue of the sacramentall words turburie, presented vnto the foresaid William being of the priest rightly pronounced, bee al Sautre certain friend his, being present tered and changed into the very body of Christ, the same councell, certaine processe in and ceaseth any more to bee materiall and very closed and sealed with his seale, giuing the bread, or not * Then the said sir William, de names of credible witnesses sealed with their ridingly answering, said, he could not tell. — seales; the tenor whereof followeh this Then consequently the said archbishop demand wise
“Memorandum, that vpon the last day April, the yeere our Lord, 1899, the
pired, the bishop ing nothing that is mette and requisite there commandement
el, whether he would stand to the determina
tion of the Holy Church or not, which affirm
indiction, Boniface the
the manor house
yeere pope
eth, altar,
that in the Sacrament of the after
and
Polo
the said bishop Norwich,
being rightly pro the words of consecration who,
the
certaine chamber within
nounced of the priest, the same bread,
before in nature was bread, ceaseth any more
to be bread. To this interrogation the said sir
William said, that hee would stand to the de
termination of the Church, where such deter and the first day May then next and imme mination was not contrary to the will of God. — diatly ensuing, the foresaid chamber sir. W. This done, he demandel of him againe, what Chawtris parish priest the church Mar his iu 'genient was concerning the Sacrament of garet the towne Line, appear, before
the altar: Who said and affirme! , that after the bishop Norwich, the presence John the words of consecration, by the priest duly Derlington, archdeacon Norwich,doctor
pronounced, remained very bread, and the the decrees, fricrwalter Dise, and John
same bread which was before the words spoken. Rikinghall, professors diuinite, William And this examination about the Sacrament Carlton, doctor both lawes, and William
lasted from eight of the clocke of the same day Friscby, with Hugh Bridham, publike nota wntil elemen of the clocke, or thereabouts : in ries, and there publikely affirmed and held the
somuch that during this time the foresaid conclusions, before specified. —All and William would no otherwise answere, neither singular the premises the foresaid William as yet touching the same Sacrament receitie Ca firineth vpon mature deliberation. And after tholike information, according the institution wards, wit, the day May the yeere,
the popes church and his Christian faith. indiction, and papacie aforesaid, the cha Wherefore the said Canturburie, the coun pell within the manour house the said Henric sell and assent of his whole couent then and bishop Norwich situate South Helinglain, there present, did promulgate and giue sentence, the foresaid sir William reuoked and renounced
uict, heretike, and heretike
punished. ”—Which Sentence definitiue being thus read, the foresaid archbishop
Canturbury continued the same pro uinciall councell till Wednesday next and immediatly ensuing, wit, the day the
same moneth
Februarie which being ex Norwich, according the the said archbishop Can
South Helingham (where the register the said bishop kept) before the houre, certain chapell within the said manor situate,
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169] STATE TRIALS, 2 HENRY IV. 1400. —William Sautre, for Heresy. [170
and singular the foresaid his conclusions; erred false information. Wherefore aske abiuring and correcting such heresies and forgiuenesse. -6. As concerning vowes, say
errours, taking his oth vpon booke before the that opinion false and erroneous, and false foresaid Henrie the bishop Norwich, that information held it; for man holden from that time forward hee would neuer preach, hold his vow, &c. —7. To the article say, affirme, nor hold, priuily nor apertly, the fore that did authoritie priesthood, where said conclusions; and that would pronounce, through knowledge well that haue guilt according the appointment the said bishop, and trespassed: wherefore submit me God the foresaid conclusions to be erroneous and he and
resies the parish churches Linne, and Til that
ney, and other places the assignement the
said bishop and farther sware, that hee would information. But now know well that stand the ordinance the said bishop touch heresie, and that bread, anon the word ing the premisses, the presence the dis the sacrament said,
creet and worshipfull men afore-recited with riall, but that
diuers other moe. —As concerning the first con bodie; and that
longer bread mate turned into very Christs sweare here. say, clusion, that said would not worship the that this false and erroneous, &c. 10. say
crosse, &c. hee confessed himselfe haueer said, &c. ”
red, and that the article was erroneous, and This being done, the February afore submitted himselfe. And touching the se said the yeere our Lord. 1400 the cond article, that said would rather wor Chapter-house Saint Paul London afore ship king, &c. confessed himselfe haue said; the foresaid archbishop Canturbury,
erred, and the article
erroneous, and the conuocation his prelates and clergie
himselfe,
. . .
submitted
Then next after this, vpon the
all the rest. — and such like men there day May the forerecited processe
being present,
and
the yeere our Lord aforesaid, the wich bee read openly and publikely sir
forth
caused the bishop Nor
holy church, and shall neuer hold
you father, swearing more. —8. To the
say, that held
false and wrong
churchyard the chappell saint James William Sautre,
called Chautris.
within the towne Linne, the foresaid Wil And afterward he asked the said sir William,
liam, presence the foresaid bishop and whether plainely vnderstood and knew such
clergie, and the people the said towne processe and the contents, within the same; Lione standing round about, publikely declared and said, Yea. And further demanded the English tongue the foresaid conclusions him, hee would could say obiect any
be erroneous and heresies, was contained thin against the processe; and said, No.
certaine scrole After this, the May the yeere abouesaid, the
day church
And after that incontinent, the foresaid arch bishop Canturburie demanded and obiected
the hospitall saint Johns the
Linne, the said sir William, before the said
bishop sitting iudge, swore and tooke his
oth vpon the holy Euangelists, that hee would
neuer after that time preach openly and pub
likely the foresaid conclusions, nor would heare
the confessions any the subjects his
diocesse Norwich, without the speciall
cence the said bishop, &c. the presence bread: which heresie amongst others errors
towne
against the said William, diuers others unore did that after hee had before the bishop Norwich reuoked and abiured iudicially diuers errors and heresies, among other errors and heresies him taught, holden and preach
frier John Smermen, M. John Rikinghall also hee abiured before the foresaid bishop doctor diuinitie, W. Carlton doctor both Norwich. Hereunto the foresaid William
lawes, and Thomas Bulton officer the liberty answered smiling mocking wise, saying, Linne aforesaid, with diuers others. ” and denying that hee knew the premises.
The tenor the Scrole and Recantation.
Notwithstanding hee publikely affirmed, that held and taught the foresaid things after
Imprimis, touching the first and se– the date the said processe made the said cond, where said that would adore rather bishop Norwich, and that the same coun temporall prince, and the liuely bodies the cell also hee held the same. Then finally saints, than the woodden crosse whereupon the was demanded the said William, why Lord did hang, doe reuoke and recant the ought not bee pronounced man fallen same being therein deceiued. --3. To this into heresie, and why they should not further say, that the article false and erroneous, and proceede vnto his degradation according
false information held it; the which re the canonicall sanctions: whereunto he an nounce and aske forgiueness thereof, and say, swered nothing, neither could alledge any that precious relique, and that shall cause the contrary. —Whereupon the fore hold while liue, and that sweare here. — said archbishop Canturbury the counsell
ed, affirmed that the same Sacrament the altar after the consecration made the priest, taught, there remained materiall
know well that erred wrongfully false and consent the whole councell, and espe
information for wot well, that deacon cially
priest more bound say his mattens and rend fathers and bishops, also priors, deares,
hourcs than preach; for thereto boun archde cons, and other worshipfull doctors and den right: wherefore submit me, &c. —5 clerkes then and there present the councell, Touching that article, know right well that fully determined proceed the degrada
the counsell and assent the reue
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17 ij STATE TRIALS, 2 HENRY IV. 1400. -Proceedings against [172.
tion, and actuall deposing of the said William priue thee power and authority cele Sautre, as refallen into heresie and as incor brating the masse, and also wee pull from thy rigible, according to the Sentence definitiue put backe the casule, and take from thee the vesti
in writing, the tenor whereof is in words as followeth. “ In the name of God, amen. We Thomas by the grace of God archbishop of Canturbury, legate of the Sea apostolicall,
ment, and depriue thee manner priestly honor. —Also we Thomas the aforesaid arch bishop authoritie, counsell, and assent, which vpon the foresaid William we haue" being deacon pretensed, the habit and ap
and Metropolitane of England, doe find
and declare that thou William Sautre, other parell deacon, hauing the new Testament
wise called Chautris priest, with the
counsell and assent and singular our
fellow brethren and whole clergie, this our
sentence definitiue declared writing, hast
beene for heresie conuict and condemned, and and actuall deposition we take from thee the art (being againe fallen into heresie) de booke the new Testament, and the stole, and posed and degraded these presents. ”—And doe depriue thee authoritie reading from that day being Wednesday there was the gospell, and all and all manner digni the said councell prouinciall nothing further deacon. —Item, we Thomas archbishop prosecuted, but was continued with depen aforesaid, authoritie, counsell, and assent, dents till the Friday next ensuing. Which Friday which ouer thee the foresaid William we haue, approching, master Nicholas Rishton, the being subdeacon pretensed, the habit and
commandement the said archbishop Can vestiment subdeacon, heretike, and turbury, being then busied, said, the twice fallen, condemned sentence,
parliament house, continued this councell and aforesaid, doe degrade and put thee from the conuocation with incidents, dependents, order subdeacon; and, token this thy
and occasions, growing and annexed there degradation and actuall deposition, wee take
unto, the next day, wit, Saturday next and from thee the albe and maniple, and de immediately after ensuing. Vpon Saturday, priue thee and manner subdiaconicall being the 26th the said month Februarie, dignity. —Also, we Thomas archbishop afore the foresaid archbishop Canturbury sate said, counsell, assent and authoritie which the bishops seat of the foresaid church of St. wee haue ouer thee the foresaid William, an Paul London, and solemnly apparelled acolyte pretensed, wearing the habite
his pontificall attire, sitting with him his acolyte, and heretike, twice fallen, our sen assistants these reuerend fathers and bishops, tence, aforesaid, condemned, doe degrade of London, Lincolne, Hereford, Exeter, Me and put from thee order acolyte; and neuensis Roffensis Episcopi, abouementioned, signe and token this thy degradation, and commanded and caused the said sir William actuall deposition, we take from thee the can Sautre, apparelled priestly vestments, bee dlestick and taper, and also vrceelum, and brought and appeare before him. That done, doe deprive thee and manner dignitie he declared and expounded English all acolyte. —Also we Thomas archbishop the clergy and people there great multi aforesaid, assent, counsell, and authoritie, tude assembled; that processe was finished which vpon thee the foresaid William wee and ended against the said William Sautre. haue, exorcist pretensed, the habite Which thing finished, before the pronouncing exorcist holy water clerke, being here
the said sentence the relapse against the tike, twice fallen, and our sentence
said William, premised, often then aforesaid, condemned, doe degrade and de and there recited and read. And for that hee pose thee from the order exorcist; and,
that behalfe nothing his degradation
and actuall deposition
“In nomine Patris, Filij Spiritus Sancti.
token this thy degradation and actuall deposition, we take from thee the booke con iurations, and doe depriue thee and sin gular dignitie exorcist. —Also, we Thomas archbishop aforesaid, assent, counsell, and authoritie, abouesaid, degrade and de
saw the said William abashed; -hee proceeded
forme followeth.
thy hands, being heretike, and twice fal– len, condemned sentence aforesaid,
doe degrade and put thee from the order deacon. And token this thy degradation
We Thomas Gods permission archbishop
Canturbury, primate England, and Le
gate the apostolike sea, doe denounce thee pose thee the foresaid William, reader preten William Sautre, otherwise called Chautris,
chaplaine fained,
apparell
sed, clothed the habite reader, here tilt, twice fallen, and by our sentence, aforesaid, condemned, %. the order of reader; and, token this thy degradation
the habite and
priest, heretike, and one refallen into
heresie, this our sentence definitiue,
counsell, assent, and authoritie be con and actuall deposition, we take from thee the
demned and conclusion our fellow brethren, fellow bishops, prelates, councell
booke the diuine lections (that the hooke
the church legend) and doe depriue, thee and singular manner dignity such
F. And signe degradation and actuall
prouinciall, and the whole clergy, due de grade and depriue thee thy order.
reader. — Item, we Thomas archbishop
depo
sition from thy priestly dignitie, for thine incor and assent, the which we haue, aforesaid,
rigibilitie and want amendment, we take doe degrade, and put thee the foresaid William from thee the patent and chalice, and doe de Sautre, sexton pretensed, the habite
Canturburie
aforesaid, authoritie, counsell,
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of of by of all a in all
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as
in
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to be
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of
all all
an
173] STATE TRIALS, 2 HENRY IV. 1400. —William Sautre, Heresy. . . [174
sexton, and wearing surplice, being here the clergie, decreeing leaue him vnto the
tike, twice fallen, our sentence definitiue secular power; and hath really left him, ac
condemned, aforesaid, from the order
sexton: and, token this thy degradation
cording the lawes and canonicall sanctions
set forth this behalfe, and also that our holy mother the church hath no further doe the
and actuall deposition, for the causes aforesaid,
wee take from thee the keyes the church premises; we therefore being zealous reli
doore, and thy surplice, and and singular manner
depriue thee commodities
gion, and reuerent louers the catholike faith, willing and minding maintaine and defend the holy church, and the lawes and liberties
doore keeper. —And also,
omnipotent God the father, the sonne, and holy the same, roote all such errors and heresies
the authoritie
Ghost, and our authoritie, counsell, and as out our kingdome
sent our whole councell prouinciall aboue digne punishment
written, we doe degrade thee, and depose thee, heretikes such
being here personally present, before vs, from wayes that both according the law God orders, benefices, priuiledges and habite the and man, and the canonicall institutions this church; and for thy pertinacie incorrigible wee behalfe accustomed, such heretikes conuict and doe degrade thee before the secular court condemned formeaforesaid ought burned the high constable and marshall England, with fire: We command you straitly we being personally present; and doe depose thee may, can, firmely enjoyning, you that you
actually wee haue caused thy crowne and ec aforesaid being published vnto the people) clesiasticall tonsure our presence rased put into the fire, and there the same fire away, and utterly abolished, like vnto the really bee burned, the great horror his
forme secular lay man and here we doe offence, and the manifest example other
put vpon the head thee the foresaid William christians. Faile not the execution hereof, the cap lay secular person; beseeching vpon the perill that will fall thereupon Teste
the court aforesaid, that they will receiue rege, apud Westm. Febr. an. regni. sui. 2do. ”
fauourably the said William vnto them thus re
committed. ”—Thus William Sautre the seruant Note. This writ De Harretico Comburendo, for
Christ, being viterly thrust out the popes burning Sawtre seems special act kingdome, and metamorphosed from clerke parliament made for that purpose, being tested
from all and singular clerkely honors and dig doe cause the said William, being your nities whatsoeuer these writings. Also, custodie, some publike open place within token thy degradation and deposition, here the liberties your citie aforesaid (the cause
England, and with con correct and punish all conuict; prouided al
secular lay man, was committed (as haue heard) vnto the secular power. Which done, the bishops, yet notherewith content
per Regem concilium intended
parliamento, which act parliament, see Prince's case, Hale's C. 396. 709. -The two first statutes re him brought forth speedie execution. lating heresy are those here mentioned by Whereupon the king, readie enough and too Fox R. enacting that sheriffs and much gratifie the clergy, and retaine their other civil officers should apprehend and im
fauours, directeth out terrible decree against prison persons suspected heresy order
the said William Sautre, and sent the their being tried Holy Church, and Henry maior and sheriffes London put exe cap. 15. impowering every diocesan im cution; the tenor whereof here vnder ensueth. prison persons suspected heresy their
The Decree the King against William respective dioceses, and try them (so that such
Sautre.
diocesan proceededjudicially and openly against
such persons), and where any person was con “The Decree our soueraigne lord the King victed, might imprisoned the discretion
and his councell the parliament, against the ordinary; or, the party refused ab certaine new sprung heretike. To the ma jure his errors, having abjured them, re ior and sheriffes London, &c. Whereas the lapsed, was left the secular arm; and
reuerend father Thomas archbishop Can the sheriff (whom the ordinary might call
ed, cease not call upon the king, cause
turbury, primate England, and legat
the apostolike sea, by the assent, consent, and
counsell other bishops, and his brethren suf fragans, and also all the whole clergie within his prouince dioces, gathered together his prouinciall councell, the due order the law
present the trial) was cause the party burnt some high (or open) place.
The lord chief justice Brook Abridg ment, tit. Heresy) says, that upon this statute
was resolved, That person was convicted heresy the presence the sheriff, the being obserued points this behalfe, hath ordinary might commit him the same sheriff,
pronounced and declared, his definitiue sen and he was cause him burnt without tence, William Sautre sometime chaplaine fal the writ Harretico comburendo; but the len againe into his most damnable heresie, the sheriff was absent, the heretic was be which beforetime the said William had abiured, burnt another county, either these thereupon bee most manifest heretike, and cases the writ Haeretico comburendo must be therefore hath decreed that he should bee de
obtained before the sheriff could burn graded bin from prerogatiue and priulledge Some authors have wondered why the writ,
graded, and hath for the same cause really de him.
Coke's Rep. 19,
all a
all of byin
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4. P. 8 is be 5 to
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be at in toso
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his in21 :ofinbeofin ofif to to to of as in in
in ofof ofaof a
175] STATE TRIALs, s Henry 1407. -Trial and Eramination [176
Heretico comburendo was issued for the burning By the 1st Elizabeth cap. the abovesaid Sawtre, when the last-mentioned act the statutes, well that other statute the
sheriff was empowered execute persons con first and second Philip and Mary, cap. victed heresy, without that writ; But the against hereticks, are repealed.
wonder ceases, we consider that the sheriff And the 29th Charles cap. passed
could not proceed execute the offender
his own authority, unless was present the conviction; and though the diocesan might call
the sheriff attend the trial, yet might too convict the offender his absence. And fur
contemplation the duke York's succes sion the crown, the writ Hacretico combu rendo, with all procecdings thereon, and all capital punishments pursuance any ecclesi
astical censures, are from thenceforth utterly ther, Sawtre was convicted the convoca abolished.
tion; and may difficult give one instance where the convocation called the sheriff to
assist the trial heretic; and, they had, such conviction was not within the letter
the act: Therefore, upon this conviction, the sheriff was under necessity waiting for
the writ Harretico comburendo, before could execute him.
that this day person convicted he resy liable only excommunication, and such pains and disabilities persons standing excommunicated for any other offence, (which however are not very light) for the excommu nicate person not reconciled Holy Church within forty days, liable taken the civil powers under the writ ercommunicato
By the Henry cap. civil offi capiendo, and imprisoned until
cers were be sworn to assist the ordinaries extirpating heresies; and one convict heresy was forfeit his goods and chattels, and
reconciled. See Comyn's Digest, tit. Excomen gement. For further learning concerning He
fee-simple lands.
By the 25th the Henry
Henry
-
17. Fitzh. Nat Brev. 392, 394, 396, 709.
thereby provided, That person shall executed as an heretic without the writ de Ha retico comburendo first obtained.
cap. 14, the act part repealed; and
Whitlock's speech
resy, see Britton, 594, 595, Hale's
Com. Naylor's case, December 16, 1656, Cobbett's Parl. Hist.
and Burn's Ecclesiastical law. Rapin's state the church from 1272 1399, the first vol.
his History, should read.
THoRPE, Preste, for Heresye, before Thomas Arundel, Archebisho
18. The Trial and Examination
Master WILLIAM
Hen. IV. 1407. Written Himself. Fox's Acts and Monum. 689. Coll. Eccl. Hist. 625. ]
KNOWEN men that rede purpose, and lett the enuenyme the shepe heare thys Writing benethe, That the Son my provynce. Never the lesse Seynt Paul
Canterbury:
daye next after the Feste Seynt Peter, that seythe, Yf may ferre we owe we call Lammesse, the yeare our Lord have peace wyth men: therefore William, M. CCCC. and vii. yeare, William Thorpe, thou wyoll now inekely, and good harte, being preson the castell Saltwoode, was without onye feynyng, knele downe and leye brought before Thomas Arundell archebyshope thy hande booke and kysseyt, promys
land: And when that came hym, stoode thou wilt submyt the my correccyon, and great chamber, and moch people aboute stande myne ordinance, and fullyllyt dewly
lly, charge the, Canterbury, and Chauncellor than Ing ying feythfu shall here that
hym; me, and when that sawe
. . .
went faste into closett, dding seculer men that folowed him forth from hym Sone; that no man was left than that closet but the archebyshop hymselfe, and physician that was
callyd Malueren, person Seyut Dunstanys London, and other two personys, unknowen me, whych ware minysterys the lawe. And
fynde gracyöuse unto the. ' Then seyd
standyng before them, by-and-by the arche the Sonne, and the sothe faste Holy Goste: Alid
byshop'seyd me, ‘William, know well that that thou hast thys twenty wynter and more trauelyd about besyly the North contre, and
other diverse contres Ingland, sowying about false doctrine, hauying great busynesse thou myght wyth thyme untrew teachyng, and shrewyd will for infecte and poyson this
beleue that thes thre persones euen
power, and connyng, and myght, full grace
and goodnesse; for whatsoever that the
Father dothe, can, wyll, that thyng also
the Sonne dothe, and can, and wyll; and all their power, connyng and wyll, the Holy Goste
equall the Father and the Sonne. Ouer lande: but through the grace God thou art thys beleue, that through counsell thys
now wythstonded and brought my warde, moste blessyd Trinitie, moste conuenient that shall now sequester the from thyue euill tyme before ordenyd for the salvacyon mau
thy connyng and power, thou shall yet
Archbishop, Syr, syns
deme me He
retyke out
dience tell my Beleue; and
gyue
And seyd, beleue that there God Almyghty, and thys Godhede, Godhede thre Persones; that
not but one and thys the Fader,
wyll
me here au seyd, tell on.
so yfin I in -
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177] STATE TRIALS, 8 Henry IV. 1407. —Master William Thorpe, for Heresy. [178
kynde, the seconde peerson of thys Trinite was with most sharp thornes, and strike him with ordeynd to take the fourme of man, that is the rede: and after Christe suffered wicked
kynde of man. And I beleue that thys seconde Jewes draw him out upon the crosse, and for person, our Lorde Jesu Christe, was conceiuyd mayle hym there upon fote and hande; and through the Holy Goste into the wombe of the so, thorow this pitiefull naylinge, Christe shed most blessyd virgyn Marye, wythout manys out wilfully for man's lyfe the bloude that was seede: And I beleue that after nyne monthys vaynes: and then Christe gave wilfully Christe was borne of thys moste blessyd vergyn, his spirite the handes power his Fa without one peyne, or brekyng of the closter of ther, and wolde, and when wold, hyr wombe, and wythout systhe of her virginite: Christ deid wilfully for man's sake upon the And I beleue that Christe our Sauyour was cir crosse. And notwithstandinge that Christe cuncisyd in the eyghte daye after hys byrthe in was wilfully, paynfully, and most shamefully
fulfillyng of the lawe, and hys name was callyd put deeth
Jesu, which was callyd of the Angell before that bloude and water
was conceiuyd in the wombe of Marie hys ordened, that
moder: And I beleue that Christe, as he was and this water for man's saluacion: and there about thyrty yeare old, was baptyzed in the fore he suffered the Jewes make blinde sudde of Jordane of John Baptist; and, in lyke knight thrust him the herte with ness of a dove, the Holy Goste descendyd there spere, and this the bloude and water that was upon hym, and a voyce was herde from Heuen, his herte Christe wolde shede out for man's seying, “ Thou art my welbelouyd Sonne, in love. And after this beleue that Christe was the I am full pleasyd. ’ And I beleue that taken downe from the crosse, and buried; and Christe was moeuyd than by the Holy Goste for beleue that the third daye, power
to go into Desert, and there he fastyd fourty his Godheed, Christ rose again from deth dayes and fourty nyghtes without bodely meate life; and the xlth day ther after, beleue that and drynk : And I beleue that by and by, after Christe ascended up into Heven, and that
hys fastyng, when the manhode of Christe hon
geryd, the Feende came to hym and temptyd bym in glotony, in veyn glory, and in couetyse; but in thoes temptacyons Christe concludyd
there sitteth the right hande God the Fa ther Almyghty; and the tenth daye after this goinge, sente his apostles the Holy Goost that had promysed them be fore; and beleue that Christe shall come and judge mankinde, some euerlastinge peace, and some euerlastinge paynes. And beleue the Father and the Sonne, that they are one God almyghty; beleue the
Fende, and withstoode hym; and than
wythout tariyng, Jesu began preache and
seye unto the people, Doe penaunce, for
the relme of Heven now hande. ’ And
belete that Christ, hys tyme here, lyued
moste holyly, and taught the wyll hys Fader Holy Goost, that also with them the same moste trewly; and be’eue that sufferyd God almyghty. And beleue holy Chirche,
therefore moste wrongfully greatyst repreuys and despysynges. And after thys whan Christe
wolde suffer passyon the morne, fourme
that thei that haue byn, and that now are, and alwayes the end the worlde shal people, the which shall endeuer them knowe and kepe the commaundements God, dredinge over all thynge offende God, and lovyinge and sekynge most please hym.
wolde make ende here
beleue that the daye next before that
hys temporall lyfe,
the worlde, there was left his herte, before wolde shede out this bloude
brede and wyne ordenyd the Sacramente
hys flesh and his blood, that ys, hys owne And beleue that they that haue had, and
precyous body, and gave hys Apostles, eate, commaundying them, and them
yet haue, and they that yet shall haue the
foresayde vertuous surely standying the be their after-comers, that they sholde doo thys lefe God, hopying stedfastly hys mercifull
shewyd them, use them self, doynges, continuynge their ende perfect and teache and commone forthe other men charitie, wilfully, paciently, and gladly sofer
fourme that
and woomen thys moste worshypful holiest Sa crament, myndefulnesse hys holyestlyuyng,
and hys moste trew teachyng, and hys wilfull and pacient sufferyng the moste peyn full Passion and beleue that thus Christe our
Savyour, after that had ordenid thys most woorthy Sacrament hys owne preciouse body, went forthe wyllfully agenst hys ene myes, and sufferyd them most paciently
their handys moste violently uppon hym, and bynde hym, and leade hym forthe these, and skorne hym, and buffet, and
blow syle him with their spittinges. Over this beleue that Christe suffered most mekoly and paciently his enemies for dinge out with sharpe scourges the bloude that was betwene
ynge persecutions, the example Christ chiefly and his apostles, these haue their
names wrytten the boke life therefore beleue that the gaderynge together this peo ple, lyuynge now here this lyfe, the holye chyrche God, seyghtynge here erth agaynst the Fende, the prosperyte the worlde, and their fleshely lustes. Wherfore seyng that
the gadering together this Church before said, and euery parte therof, nother coueteth, nor willeth, nor loveth, nor seketh any thinge but eschew the offence God, and do his pleasing will; mekely, gladly, and wilfully
myne herte submitt my selfe unto thys holye church Christe, ever buxom and obedient the ordinaunce and euery member thereof, after my knowledge and
skyn and his flesh: yee without grudginge
Christe suffered the cruell Jewes crown hin power the helpe God. Therefore
WOL.
N
to
of I to is,
all in I
to
to
in it
of he
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to of I of
the all
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179]
STATE TRIALS, S HENRY IV. 1407. —Trial and Eramination of [180
knowlege now and euermore shall, ifGod will, that of my harte, and my might, will submyt me only the rule and gouernaunce
my soule, synnefull deedly wretche, my me fulfyll. ' And the Archebishop seid unto cunnynge and power oughte beleue, pray me, will shortely that nowe thou swere here
enge the Lorde God, for his holye name, for
encrease my belefe, and help my unbelefe.
them whouse after my knowlege, may per
ceave, the havynge and usynge the be
foresayd vertues, membres the holy
churche. Wherfore these Articles Belefe,
and all other bothe of the olde lawe and of the how whereto that shall submytt me; and newc, which aster the commaundement God shewe me whereof that will correct me, and any man oughte beleuc, beleue verely what the ordinaunce that will thus oblige
And forby cause the praysynge
name, desyre above thynge
full membre Holy Churche,
Protestacyon before you foure that are now the here. Nor thou shalt fauer no man nor here presente, covetynge that men and wo woman, young nor old, that holdeth any thes men that now absente knewe the same, that foreseid opinions; but after thi knowledge and what thynge soever before this tyme have power thou shalt enforse the withstand all sayde done, what thynge here shall doo soche distroblers Holye Chyrche euery
saye any tyme here after; beleue that diocese that thou comest and them that
buxom and obedyente unto these lawes God, seid, ‘Syr, consented you thus,
and every article them. For aucto' haue here rehersed me, should become an rite, specyally these lawes, will, thorowe the Appealer, euery bishopis espye, soluonour grace God, vnyed charytably unto these j'Englonde. For, and sholde thus put up, lawes. Yee, syr, and ouer thys beleue and and publeshe the names men and women, admytte the Sentences, Auctorites, and sholde herein deceiue full many persons; ye Reasons the Saynctes and Doctoures, ac syr, likely the dome my conscience
cordynge unto Holy Scripture, and declarynge sholde herein, because the dethe both truely. —I submytte me wylfully and mékely inen and women, both bodely and gostely.
power these saynctes and doctoures, they are obedyente worke and worde
shall laye iny hande upon the Boke the en persecution otherwise, that many them
are bounden swere obey ony wise after Gods lawe, and sayntes and trewe doc toures according with Gods lawe will thorow Gods grace ever redy thereto with
my conning and power. But pray you syr, for the charity God, that will before swere have here rehersed you, tell me
me that thou shalt forsake the opinions which the Secte Lollards holde, and slaun dred with: that after this tyme nother pry
Goddes
fayth uely nor apertly thou holde any opinion which
make this shall after that thou haste sworne reherse to
all the olde lawe and the newe lawe, geuen and will not leaue their false and dampnable opi
ord ned the councell these thre persones the Trynite, were geuen and wrytten the saluacyon mankynde And beleue that
these law are sufficient for man's saluacyon And beleue every article these lawes,
the entente that these articles were ordened and
commaunded these thre persones the moste blessed Trynyte beleued. And
nions, thou shalt put them up, publeshyng thern and their names, and make them knowen the bishop the diocese that they are in,
the bishopes ministres. And ouer this will that thou preach more unto the tyme that know good witnesse and trewe, that thy conuersacion soch that thy hart and thy mouth accorde treuly one contrariyng all
therfore the rule and the ordynaunce
these Goddes lawes, mekely, gladly, and wil before. ”
fully submytte me with myne harte, that
who ever can wyll auctoryte Goddes lawe, open reason, tell me that haue
erred, now erre any tyme here after shall erre any Article Belefe (fro whyche incon
venience God kepe me for his goodnesse) submytte me reconcyled, and
And hearying thes wordes, thought my harte, that this was vinefull asking; and demyed myself cursed God, consented hereto, and thought howe Susan seid, “An guyssch me euery syde. ’ And that
stode still, and spake not, the abp. seid me, ‘Answere one wyse nother;' and
the leude learnying that thou hast taught here
ever obediente after my connynge and For many men and women that stand now
God and lawe, and forther not
knowledge, not for any erthly power, dignity up
their unpituouse mi state, thorowe the help God. But syr, misters, know some dele experience, that praye you tell me after youre biddying they sholde distrobled and diseased with
tente swere thereby
And the Archebishope said
fore els? ' And sayde him,
nothyng els but thyng coupled together dyuerse creatures, and swere any crea
place Holy Scripture, that this office that But syr, this thinge saye here you before wolde now enfesse me with accordith
these your clerckes, with my forsayd Protesta ony priste Christes secte, nor any other cion, that how, where, when and whom men Christen man. And therefore do thus wer
ture both Gods lawe and mans lawe
agaynst.
me, ‘ye, wher “Syr, boke
thinke) would rather chose forsake the waye
. .
treuthe, and are the waye salvation; sholde for the learnying and reding
my their beleve publeshe them, and put them ther
treuthe, than
slaundred, punished
ministers now use for
women consent them. But fynde
traveled, skorned, and
bishopes and their constreyne men and
toto
by
allto :of all
to Ito
is I by
Ior toit be
ofor
in of
to
to
to all
of
to in I I oror
ator
I by all as
I he
as
‘I to is or
of all
by
to
es
by
his
I beoftooroforof
a
I if in
of
beofor
to to to to all be
of toofIbeof Iall
to IIall to
tobyinI IItoofI is a to by of beof of of
to of I of to I a of I
to of is I to as beI yenoof|. yfIII
of
it
inis I
of ororhe oriftoI of so so Ibe
to of be
to yeby on no of of tobeorin to an I
toas to of II of in ye
or to
to by of or in
of toa ; to all ye
to yf to
toIofI yeIin
of
to :
to
Ito Iall
of in is : ofininIof I
as or
to in (I of in of yeIto I I toto
of
as
181] STATE TRIALS, s. HeNRy IV. 1407. -Master Willian Thorpe, for Heresy. [182
to me a full'noycous bonde to be bounden with, not yet bethought, whether thou wilt do,
and over greuouse charge. For I suppose, haue here seid the And seid then hym; that yf I thus dede many men and women ‘Syr, my father and my mother, whose would, ye syr, might justly unto my confusion souls God haue mercy his will) spent sey to me, that I wer a traitur to God and to mekyll money diuese places about my learn then ; syns (as I thinke in myne hert) many ing, for the entent haue made me prieste
inen and women truste so mekle in me in this God: but when came yeares discre
case, that I wold not for savyng of my lyse do tion had will prieste, and therefore thus to them. For yf I thus sholde do, full my friends were right heuy me: and than many men and women wolde (as they might me thought their grudging agenst me was
full truly sey) that I hadde falsly and cowerdly |. . . ". me, that purposed therfor haue
company they perceiued forsaken the truthe, and slaundred shamefully eft their and when
the Word of God. For yf I consented to you this me, they spake some tyme full feire and to do hereafter your will for bon chefe or mis pleasaunt wordes me; but for that they chef that may befall to me in this lyfe, I deme might not make me consent good harte in my conscience that I were worthy herefore prieste. the spake me full ofte tyines to be cursed of God, and also of all his very grevous words, and manassed me diuerse seyntes, fro which inconuenience kepe me, and manners, shewing me full heuy chere. And
Christen people Almighti God now and ever thus one while feire manner, nother while for his holy name. ’ greuous they were long tyme me thought
And than the abp. said unto me, “O thine full besy about me, consented them hart full hard endured was the herte of prieste; but the laste, whan this
Pharao, and the Deuell hath ouercomen the matter they wold longer suier myne excu
blynded sacions, but other should consent them,
and perverted the and hath
the thy wittes, that thou hast
know the treuthe, nor the mesure
thot have profered the. Therefor, them that they wold gyue me licence for perceyue now thy folish Answere, thou hast them that wer named wyse priestis and
grace shold ever bear their indignation, ye, their mercy curse, (as they seide) than seing this, praid
will leaue thyne olde errours. But sey vertuous conuerscaion, haue their counsell, the leude losell, other thou quickly consente and know them the office and the charge
myne ordinaunce, and submit the
stand priesthode. And hereto my father and *my decrees, seynt Thomas thou shalt mother consented full gladly, and gaue me their
Smith blissing and goode leaue go, and also money styll and spende this journey. And than went not, but thought myne harte that tho priests, whom herde best
disgraded, and followe thy felowe felde. ’ And this seying stode
holy lyving,
his great mercy bringe me soch ende. learnid, and most wyse heauenly wisdom; And myne harte was nothing frayde with and communed with then vnto the tyme this menasing the abp. And consider that perceiuyed their verteuous, and con there two things him one, that was tinuall occupacions that their honeste and
name,
did ine greate grace, wolde and moste and beste
not yet sorowfull for that had inade Wil charitable werks passed their fame which liam Soutre wrongfully burnt and herde before them. Wherefore, Syr, the consydered that the abp. thyrsted yet after more example the doctrine them, and specially sheding out innocent bloode. And fast for the godly and innocent workis which per therefore was moved my wittes, for ceiued than then and them; after my
hold the abp. nother for prelate nor for priest God; and for that myne inward man was, thus altogether departed from the abp. methought should not haue ony dread him. But was right heuy and sorouful, for
that ther was none audience seculermen by:
but myne hart praid the Lord God for
comforte me and strength me ageinst them sation my knowledge; nor comone fame that there ware agaynste the sothefastenesse. ony other mannis knowledge this land, And purposed speak more the abp. thes men wer whome toke my counsell and and his clerckes than me nede behoved and information; sholde now forsake thus sodenly all thus praid God for his goodnesse geue and shortely, and unwarmid, the learning me than and alwaye grace speake with that exercised my self this thirty winter meke and easy spyrit; and whatsoeuer and more; my conscience shulde ever here thinge that shulde speke, that might haue with out mesure vnquieted and as, syr, true authorities scripture, open reason. knowe well that many men and women shoulde
And for that stode thus still, and nothing therthrowe greatly troublid and sclaunderid, spake, one the abp's. clerkes seid vnto me, and said syr you before, for myne un “What thing musiste thou? Do thou my trewthe and false cowardness many one lord liaih now commanded to the here. ' And sholde put into full great reprefe: syr
yet stode still, and answered him not; and drede, that many one, thei might then than some after the abp, seid me, “Art thou iustely, wolde cuise me full bitterly, and syr
conning and power have exercised me than and this time knowe perfectly God his lawe, hauing will and desyre lyve ther
after, willing that men and women exercised them self feithfully theraboute. Yf than, syr, other for pleasure displeasure them that
nother wise, nor verteuouse conuer
to ed betototo no
I odIin
all
a
to
to
I or to be
Iinof in toall I I I to
is
ofIan Iof Iat
Iof to
of a or by
I by;
no inbe: inI he to or to of all he toif
as
I ;Ihe
in I to
to
to in of noso an to
to
as : he Ias
as
a to of I of I
to
be to ar toto of to I be in
to to
I abeinI asIinsoto a
beIto I to of so of in
no
into
as :
in
to be
Iofaofofofof in
or all toI by Inoat
to : I
toIto
Iofa toto I (if
in so of of I to toitI
all in by
of to
to so
as a of to to in
be
yeabe IbyofIintoto
to as IIIas ImofgoortosoI
ofa on
183] STATE TRIALS, 8 HENRY IV. 1407. —Trial and Eramination of [184
feare not but the curse of God, which I sholde they had continewid seithfully wilfull deserve herein, wolde bring me to a full euyll pouerte, and other symple verteuous lyving; end, yf I continew id thus. And if thorow re and specially they hadde with thes foreseid morse of conscience I repentid me any tyme vertues contine wid their besy fruteful sowing retourning into the way, which you doo your
diligence to constreine me now to forsake ye syr, the bishopis this lande with full many other priestis wolde defame, and pursew me
relapse, and thei that now have (though unworthy, some confidence me, hereafter wolde neuer truste me though cowlde teache
and liue neuer verteuously more than can
Goddis word many mennys know ledge they occupied them season their
may. For terly
wounde and desyle inyne owne soule; and also
evill ende. —Than the Archebishop seide me, Thou and soche other losellis thy secte
sholde here through geue occasion
many syr,
will
wolde shaue your headis full nere for
benefice. For Jesu know none more couetouse shrewis than ar, when that ye
men and women likely me,
full sore hurting: consented your
have
myne euil example
ferre me wer, flee many folke ghostely, haue benefice. For gave John Puruay
sholde herein
that sholde neuer deserue for haue grace benefice but myle out this castell, and God the edifying his Chirche nother herde more compleintis aboute his covetous my, self, nor none other mannes lyfe, and nesse for tythes and other mysdoyngys, than
undone bothe before God and man. But syr,
didde of men that wer auancid within my diocesse. ’—And seid the Archebishop, ‘Syr, Puruay nother with you now for the benefice that gaue him, nor holdith felth fully with the learnying that tawght and writ before tyme, and thus sheweth hymnself nother be hote nor cold; and therefore he and his felaws may sore drede, that they torne not hastely the waye that they have forsaken, perauenture they put out the nombre Cristis choyen people. ”—And the Archebishop said, “Though Puruay, now false harlot, quyte me him but come he more for soche cause before me we depart, shall knowe with whom he holdith. But
example chefely not now reherse, H. the present doyng
some whos names will and and also
wities full besyly know the pleasaunt will God, trauelying their membres full besily for doo therafter, purely and chefely the praising the most holy name God, and for grace edification and saluacion Christen people; but wo worthe false couetise, and euill counsell, and tyranny, wiche they and many
after your counsell lefte vt
learning, sholde hereby firste men and women are ledde bliyndely into an
Philip Rampenton that nowe becomen bishop Lincoln, am
now learnid, many more hereafter thorow Goddis grace shall learned, hate and
fle soche sclander, that thes foresaid men chefely hath defyled principally themselves with. And that them they have en uenemid the Chirche God for that sclan derous reuoking the crosse Paulis
and and how now Philip Rampenton persewith Christis people. And that feining,
communing within the bondis and termis (wich whom thou haste takyn thyme informacion without blame may spokyn and shew out —And seid, “Sir, Master John Wicliff was
worldly prudence
keping them cowerdly their preaching and sey the, Whiche are thes holy men and wyse
that thes men dissemble
worldly lyuers) many greatiste themoste willnot unholden full men. t. h"e. clerke
ponishid God. For the point trewthe that they knewe than and therwith
ly
that thes men shewid out some tyme, they will was namid passing ru and
not now streche forth their lyues. But ex nocent his lyuynge, and herefore great men ample eche one them, their wordis and commony ofte with him, and they louyd their works shew, they besy them thorow their his learnying that they writ and besily en feinyng, for sclaunder and persewe Christe forsid them rule themself there after.
sewed. ’members, rather than they will per \Therefore syr, this foreseid learnying master ohn Wichsf yet holden full many men And the Archebishop seid me, “Thesmen and women, the most agreeable learning unto
the which thou spekist now wer foolis the lyuing and teachyng Christe and his and heretiques, whan they were countid wyse apostles, and moste openly she wing and de men of the and other soche loselles. But now claring how the Chirche Christ hat ben,
they wyse men, though thou and soche other and yet shulde rew and gonern'd. There deme them vnwyse. Neuerthelesse wiste fore many men and women couet this learn neuer none, that right seide, that any while ying, and purpose through Goddis grace were enuenymed with your contagiousnesse, conforme their lyuying life this learnying of
that contaminate and spottid doctrine. "— Wicliff. Master John Aiston tawght and writ And scid the Arch bishop, “Syr, think accordingly, and full bestly wher and wham, and well that thes men and such other now wyse whome that might; and vied hym
this worlde but their wordis soundid . . . If right perfitly unto his lifes ende. And also sometyme, and their workis shewid outwardly, Philip Rampenton while was chanone
was likely move me that they had earneste Lacester, Nicholas Herforde, Dauy Gotray the wisdome God; and that they sholde Pakring, Inonk Bylande, and master
haue deserued mickell grace God have diuinitie, and John Puruay and many other sauyd their own soules, and meny other mennis, 'ich wer holden right wise men and prudent,
e
an, yn m
of to
ofto to as
by P. of is to ofof
Iin
ofit as
to I
in his
to P.
by by it I or a I is
to of
to
to
B. in
it as
to
of
by
; as
of by ifso ofat ifofto
is,ar
all
is toas oall in all
of
of
all
be in be ofofof of I
to in of J. I
of
to
ar of B. toI
I I be by beid of I I in yeto it,
I
beas
I
ofofto heofI a* ofif
of inofIto of
d of of
he be is to a yeis a to I
allto :asin to
if
he to he
of it,
be he
or
H. to ofof asI as
so to ia to
I in
lid
ofof to toofyeI a
;
hehe to
of
of of in
a a
of to so ? ’Ia IIa of
it of be he of an
of if
to
in
lo
I by
to to all
185] STATE TRIALS, 8 HENRY IV. 1407. —Master William Thorpe, for Heresy. [186 tawcht and writ besily this foresaid learnyng, one, which the clerke delivered to the Arche
and conformid then thereto. And with all thes men I was ofte right homely, and com munyd with them long tyine and ofte ; and so
bishop. And and the archebishop redde this rolle, conteining this Sentence
-- before other men choes wilfully in
formid them and them, and specially
Wicliff himself, the most verteuous and
godly wise men that herde knewe. And He said openly Synt Chaddis Chirche his
therefore him specially, and thes men,
tooke the learning that haue taucht, and pur
pose liue there after (if God will) my
liues end. For though some thes men
contrary the learning that they taucht, be
fore wote well that their learning was trewe
which they taught; and therefore with the
helpe God purpose holde and use the Rolle, rolled agein, and seid me, learning which harde them, while they sat ‘Ys this holesome learninge among the
“The thirde Sonday after Easter, the yere of our Lorde M. CCCC. and seuen, William
Thorpe came vnto the towne Shrewisbury, and thorow leaue graunted unto him preache:
sermone, that the sacrament the altare after the consecration was material brede: and that ymages shulde wise worshipped and that men shulde not pilgreumages: and that priests have titles tythes; and that
Moses chaire, and specially while they sat people? ' And said him, “Syr, am both
on the chaire of Christe.