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Four Masters - Annals of Ireland
The Lucenii are placed on Ptolemy's map in these parts of Kerry and Limerick
towards the Shannon. These Lucenians are supposed to be a colony of the Luceni of Spain, who, according to Smith, are placed
by Strabo in Galicia and Cantabria, and said to be of Scythian origin, which corresponds with the accounts of our ancient annal ists, who make the Milesians originally a colony from Scythia. According to Smith the barony of Lixnaw is considered to have derived its name from the Lucenians. The Gangani or Concani of Spain, also stated by Strabo to have been Scythians, are given by Ptolemy as the ancient inhabitants of the territories now forming the counties of Clare and Galway, a colony of them having come from Spain in remote ages. From the Concanians of Galway some antiquaries suppose that Connaught derived name. The Cori ondoi are placed Ptolemy's map
the slain. After the foreigners effected landing, many terrific battles were fought almost incessantly during whole year, but
finally the invaders were vanquished, and enormous number them slain the various conflicts. This battle has beencelebrated
by the Irish writers under the name Cath Fion Tragha, and some ancient MSS. the subject still remain. the ninth and tenth centuries the Danes and Norwegians overran Munster, they did various other parts Ireland, and settled colonies the cities Waterford, Limerick, and Cork. An account various victories gained over the Danes by Brian Boru and Ceallachan, king Cashel, has been given the note Thomond. Ceal lachan, celebrated warrior the Eugenian race, was king Cashel the tenth century, and having defeated the Danes several battles, Sitric, king the Danes Dublin, with his brothers Tor and Magnus, having proposed peace with the people Munster, with an offer give marriage Ceallachan their sister Beibhion, an accomplished princess, the proposals alliance being accepted Ceallachan, prepared Dub lin meet his intended bride, but his arrival there his party were treacherously attacked and defeated the Danes, who took Ceallachan prisoner, together with Dunchuan, son Cineide, king
Thomond, the entire proceedings the part the Danes being
conspiracy get Ceallachan, their formidable enemy, into their
power. The Munster chiefs, order redeem their king from captivity, collected powerful force, amongst whom were two thousand Dalcassians, and three thousand Eugenians, com manded Donogh O'Keeffe, prince Fermoy O'Sullivan, prince Beara; the O'Conors Kerry; O'Driscolls; O'Moriartys; O'Flynns O'Felans, and other chiefs Munster, aided one thousand the Connaught forces, under the O’Haras, O'Garas, Mac Coghlans, and others; the entire, stated, amounting
twelve thousand men, the chief commander the Euge nians being O’Keeffe; and Cineidi, king Thomond, with his brothers Congalach, Cosgrach, and Lonargan, commanded the Dalcassians. They also had large naval force under O’Falvey, hereditary admiral Desmond, who equipped thirty ships; O'Conor Kerry, twenty ships; O'Driscoll, O'Cobhtaich, and O'Flynn, armed and manned ten ships each the Mac Namaras, O'Conors, and O'Loghlins Clare, sent twenty ships; and from Corca Baiscin, Clare, came twenty more, making all one hun dred and twenty sail. The army, which proceeded land, marched through Connaught and Ulster Armagh, which city was then
possession the Danes, and whither they brought Ceallachan prisoner, order put him board their fleet Dundalk, and send him Denmark; the Irish attacked Armagh by the pro
jection large stones from machines, together with arrows, darts, slings, and other missiles, and applying scaling ladders the
and considered Smith and others
Coritani of Britain, who inhabited
ties Lincoln, Leicester, and Northampton, and, according
Camden, these Coritanians fled Ireland about the first century, consequence the conquest Britain the Romans From
the great intercourse between Spain and the south Ireland the early ages, there much the Spanish blood Munster, particularly the counties Kerry, Limerick, and Cork; and
the tenth and eleventh centuries colonies the Danes settled the cities of Waterford, Limerick, and Cork, and continued there down the English invasion, there much the Danish race those cities mixed intermarriages with the old Irish.
Cork, Latin Corcagia, and also Coracium, got name, ac cording O'Brien, the word Corca, and also according other authorities, from Corca Corcach, which signifies marsh, the city Cork was originally founded marshy ground, but accord ing others the name was derived from Corc, prince the Euge nian race, who was king Munster the fourth century.
gus Mac Roy, by Meava, the celebrated queen Connaught,
short time before the Christian era. This Fergus, king Ulster, was the race Ir, and hence his descendants were Irians Clanna Rory. His son Ciar, the first century, got possession
large territory Munster, called from him Ciar Rioghacht, sig nifying Ciar's kingdom; hence came the word Ciaraidhe,
written the Book Armagh, Ciarrichi, anglicised Kerry.
the old ecclesiastical writers Kerry was called St. Brendan's country, from Brendan, celebrated saint the sixth century, who founded many monasteries there, and several places Kerry still bear his name, amongst others Brendan Brandon mountain and Camden calls that part the Atlantic the coast Kerry,
Rerry, Latin Kerrigia, got name from Ciar, son Fer
the central parts Cork, have been colony the early times the present coun
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174 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1388.
Wicklow), the most distinguished of his tribe for own fortress, and the bodach (clown) who slew hospitality and feats of arms, was slain by a pea him, was immediately put to death.
sant of his own clan, within the precincts of his
walls; the Danes, under Sitric, were at length defeated with great slaughter, and having evacuated the city by night, they marched
off towards Dundalk and embarked their forces in their fleet, which lay in that bay. The Irish pursued them, and O’Keeffe, sending a
The sons of O’Cuirmin,' Siodhraidh, Carbre,
“Heroes of Munster of the fortress of the Shannon, Are the race of Eogan, the son of Oilioll,
Mac Carthy the mainstay of its tributes,
Is like an unceasing stormy wave. ”
flag of truce, demanded of Sitric the princes Ceallachan and Dun
chuan, who were his prisoners, but the Danes returned for answer
that the prisoners would not be restored until an eric was first
paid for the Danes who fell in fifteen different battles with Ceal
lachan and his forces; and Sitric ordered Ceallachan to be bound
to the mast of his own ship, and Dunchuan in like manner on the
king of Norway's ship, in view of the whole Munster army. The
Irish were enraged at this sight, but their land forces had no means
of attacking the enemy; shortly after, however, O'Falvey, the
Irish admiral, appeared in sight, and drawing up his ships in an
extended line, prepared for action. A desperate engagementen the Mac Carthys, kings of Desmond, to reside there for com sued, and the Irish commanders grappled with, and boarded the
Danish vessels; both sides fought with great fury, but O'Falvey
at length succeeded in releasing Ceallachan, and, giving him one of
his own swords, bade him take the command. The Irish, animated
by seeing their prince at liberty, fought with renewed vigour; but
the valiant O'Falvey at length fell pierced by many wounds, and
his head was immediately displayed on the mast of Sitric's ship.
Fingal, a chief who was second in command to O'Falvey, animat
ing the Irish, the fight was continued with great fury on both
sides, but at length Fingal, encompassed by the Danes, and seeing
his own death certain, seized on Sitric by a sudden grasp, and
having jumped with him in his arms overboard, both were
instantly drowned. Conal and Sioda, chiefs of the Clareforces, who
were engaged with the ships commanded by Tor and Magnus,
brothers of Sitric, following the example of Fingal, grasped the
Danish chiefs in their arms, and leaped with them in like manner
into the deep. O'Conor Kerry slew oneof the Danish commanders and other Anglo-Norman and English settlers, and held their in singie combat, and cut off his head, but while holding it up in
triumph, he was himself killed by another Dane. The Danish forces were at length totally defeated, and their fleet destroyed,
but almost the whole of the Irish chiefs and men engaged in that
fierce contest, were also slain. This great sea fight in the bay of A. D. 1565, by Queen Elizabeth; the other branch, called Mac
Dundalk took place A. D. 944, according to O'Halloran and other
authorities. Copies of the ancient Irish MSS. giving accounts of
the battles of Ventry and Dundalk, are to be found in the library
of Sir William Betham. That respecting the battles of the Mun
ster forces with the Danes, is entitled Toruigheacht Cheallachain parts of Cork and Kerry. According to Windele, the Miac Chaisil, signifying The Pursuit for the recovery of Ceallachan
Cashel, which would be well worth having translated and published. The great battle of Moin Mor in Cork, fought in the twelfth century, A. D. 1151, between the Connaught, Leinster, and Des
mond forces on one side, and the Dalcassians on the other, has been described in the note on Thomond.
The Eugenians ruled as kings over Desmond, and the Dalcassian kings over Thomond, and from each race, as already explained in
Carthy More was inaugurated at Lisban-maeuhir in Kerry, at which ceremony presided O'Sullivan Mor and O’Donoghoe Mor;
the note on Thomond, was alternately elected a king of all Mun ster, which mode of government in Munster continued from the third to the eleventh century, when Brian Boru, of the Dalcassian race, became king of Munster and monarch of Ireland, and his descendants the O'Briens were kings of Munster and kings of Thomond, and the Mac Carthys, who were the head of the Euge nian race, were kings and princes of Desmond.
his captains of war were the O'Rourkes, probably a branch of the O'Rourkes, princes of Brefney; the Mac Egans were his heredi tary Brehons, and the O'Daly's and O'Duinins were his hereditary poets and antiquaries. There are still in the counties of Cork and Kerry many highly respectable families of the Mac Carthys, and several of the name have been distinguished commanders in the Irish Brigades, in the service of France and Spain. The following accounts of chiefs and clans in Desmond, or the counties of Cork and Kerry, and the territories possessed by each in ancient and modern times, have been collected from O'Heerin's Topography, O’Brien, O'Halloran, Smith's histories of Cork and Kerry, and various other sources.
I. O’Suilleabhain or O'Sullivan. The O'Sullivans had the ancient territory of Beara, now the baronies of Beare and Bantry, in the county of Cork, and were called O'Sullivan Beara, and styled princes of Beara. Another branch of the family called O'Sullivan Mor were lords of Dunkerron, and possessed the ba rony of Dunkerron, in the county of Kerry, and their chief seat was the castle of Dunkerron, near the river Kenmare. A third branch of the O'Sullivans were chiefs of Knockraffan, in Tipperary, of whom an account is given in the note on Ormond. The O'Sul livans are of the Eugenian race of the same descent as the Mac Carthys, princes of Desmond, and took their name from Suileabh an, one of their chiefs in the tenth century. As princes of Beara they held a high rank in ancient times in the county of Cork,
The Mac Carthys, in Irish Mac Carthaidh or Mac Cairthy, and pronounced like Mac Carha or Mac Cawra, took their name from Carthach or Cairthe oneof their ancestors, a prince of Desmond in the eleventh century, son of Justin, king of Munster, who was grandson to Ceallachan, king of Cashel. Of the Mac Carthy's in early times some accounts may be found in the Annals of Inis fallen. The Mac Carthys of the twelfth century are thus desig nated in the topographical poem of O'Heerin:-
“Flaithe Mumhan muir Sionna Siol Eogain mic Oiliolla,
Mac Carthaidh cuing a cana, Mar thuind ansaidh etragha. ”
On the English invasion, when king Henry II. landed at Waterford, in October A. D. 1171, Dermod Mac Carthy, king of Desmond,
waited on him the day after his arrival, delivered to him the keys of the city of Cork, and did him homage. According to Mac Geo ghegan, this Dermod Mac Carthy, in the year 1185, was, together with all his retinue, treacherously slain at a conference held with Theobald Fitzwalter, and the English of Cork. At the time of the English invasion, the Danes were in possession of the city of Cork and the adjoining districts, being permitted by
mercial purposes. In A. D. 1174, the forces of Strongbow and Raymond le Gros having plundered various parts of Waterford and Cork, dispatched the booty to Waterford by sea, under the com mand of Adam de Hereford ; the Danes of Cork equipped thirty five vessels, and attacked the English fleet at Dungarvan, but after a severe engagement they lost the victory, chiefly through
the valour of Philip Walsh, who boarded the admiral's ship, and killed Gilbert, the son of Turgesius, the Danish commander. A. D. 1177, King Henry II. granted to Robert Fitzstephen and
Milo de Cogan, for the service of sixty knights, to himself and his son John and their heirs, the whole kingdom of Cork or Des mond, with the exception of the city of Cork, and the adjoining cantreds, which belonged to the Ostmen or Danes of that city, which the king reserved to hold in his own hands. The Mac Carthy's maintained long contests for their independence with the Fitzgeralds, earls of Desmond, the Butlers, earls of Ormond,
titles, as princes of Desmond, with considerable possessions, down to the reign of Elizabeth. They were divided into two great
branches, the head of which was Mac Carthy More, of whom
Donal Mac Carthy was created earl of Glencare or Clancare,
Carthy Reagh, were styled princes of Carbery. Besides the earls
of Clancare, the Mac Carthy's were also created at various periods barons of Valentia, earls of Clancarthy, earls of Muskerry, and
earls of Mountcashel, and had several strong castles in various
2.
REIGN OF RICHARD II. 175
and Gillpatrick, were slain by the English of Great depredations were committed by O'Conor Leinster. Roe and Mac Dermott on O'Conor Don, in con
and had several strong castles, the chief of which were was the magnificent castle of Kanturk. V. O'Mathghamhna or those of Dunboy, Ardea, and Carriganas. In the reign of O’Mahony. The O'Mahony's are given by O'Heerin as chiefs of
James I. their extensive possessions were confiscated, in conse quence of their adherence to the earls of Desinond and Tyrone in the Elizabethian wars, and the heads of the family retired to Spain, where many of them were distinguished officers in the Spanish service, and had the title of Counts of Bearhaven. II. O'Heidir sceoil or O'Driscoll, head of the Ithian race, was chief or prince of Corcaluighe, otherwise called Cairbreacha, comprising ancient Carbery, an extensive territory in the south-west of Cork. Ano ther branch of the O'Driscolls were lords of Beara, now the ba ronies of Beare and Bantry, in the county of Cork, of which they were the original possessors, but the O'Sullivans in after times be came the possessors of this territory as above stated. The O'Dris colls of the twelfth century are designated in O'Heerin's topogra
phical poem, in terms which may be thus translated
“To the race of Luighee along the shore, I now proceed beyond the bounds,
To pass the tribe is not meet for me, But to record the warriors’ fame.
“O’Driscoll, head chief of the land Of Corealuighee, I treat of now,
Hy Eachach, and also of Kinel m-Beice; the latter is now the barony of Kinal meaky, in the county of Cork, and Hy Eachach is in modern times called Ivaugh, which, according to Smith, com prises the whole peninsula in the barony of West Carbery, extend ing from Bally dehob to the bay of Dunmanus. O'Brien and O'Hailoran give the territory Kinel Aodha as possessed by the O'Mahonys, which is now the barony of Kinnalea, in the county of Cork; andO'Brien in his Dictionary, at the word Mathghabbain, states that the O'Mahonys, who were a branch of the Eugenian race, had a large territory in Muskerry, south of the river Lee, in the county of Cork, and also another territory called Tiobrad, in the county of Kerry; and the O'Mahony's are placed on the map of Ortelius, in the west of Kerry, opposite the island of Valentia.
He took possessionof the coasts of Cleire, The fittest headland for the princely lord.
“ O'Driscoll of the wealthy Beara,
Rules over the land of the salmon coast, A blue water shore abounding in harbours,
Exhibiting to view large fleets of wine. ”
The O'Driscolls had the island of Capeclear, alluded to in the poem, and the territory about the bay of Baltimore, and, accord ing to Smith, had a part of Iveragh in Kerry. They had castles at Dunashad and Dunalong near Baltimore, the castle of Duna more on Capeclear island, and others. There are still several respectable families of the O'Driscolls in the county of Cork. III. O'Caoinh or O'Keeffe, is given by O'Heerin as chief of Glan Amh ain and of Urluachra. Gleanamhain, according to O'Brien, is now Glanworth, in the barony of Fermoy, county of Cork; they had also afterwardis a large territory in the barony of Duhallow, known by the nameof E°obal O’Keeffe. In ancient times the O'Keeffes had the territory of Fearmuighe Feine, now the barony of Fermoy, in the county of Cork, which afterwards was possessedby the Anglo Norman family of Roche, viscounts of Fermoy, and called Roche's country. The O’Dugans and O’Coscraighs were also ancient chiefs in Fermoy. They are thus designated by O'Heerin:—
“Chief of Fermoy of enclosed fortresses, Is O'Dugan of Dunmanann,
A tribe of the Gaels of precious jewels; O’Keeffe is chief of Glen Avon.
“O’Keeffe of the handsomebrown brows, Chief of Urluachra of the fertile lands, The inheritor of the hospitable country,
Which resembled in beauty the fair plains of Meath. ”
The O'Keeffes were in ancient times marshals and chief military leaders of Desmond, and were styled princes of Fermoy. They had several castles, the chief of which were those of Dro magh and Duaragil. There are still several respectable families of the O'Keeffes, in the county of Cork. I'v. Mac Domnocha or Mac Donogh, of whom an account is given in O'Brien's Dictionary at the word Donnoch, was chief of Duhalia, now the barony of Duhallow, in the county of Cork. The Mac Donaghs were a branch of the Mac Carthys, and powerful chiefs; they were styled princes of Duhallow, and their chief residence
“Ivaugh, the most western part of Banba (Ireland),
Is the great estate of O'Mahony,
The well watered lands of fair fortresses, Extensive are the brown-nut-producing plains.
“Kinnalmeaky of the pleasant fields
About Bandon, of the fair woods,
The most warlike chief, in victory supreme, Is O'Mahony of the white foaming coast. ”
The O'Mahonys had several castles, as those of Rosbrin, Ardin tenant, Blackcastle, Ballydesmond, Dunbeacan, Dunmanus, Ring mahon, &c. , all along the sea coast. There are several respectable families of the O'Mahonys in the counties of Cork and Kerry, and many of the name, styled counts O’Mahony have beenhighly dis tinguished commanders in the Irish brigades in the service of France and Spain. VI. O’Ceallachain or O'Callaghans, given by O'Heerin as chiefs of Clair Beire, and of Kinel Aodha. Accord ing to O'Brien and O'Halloran, the territory of the O'Callaghans was called Pobul O’Callaghan, signifying O'Callaghan's people,
and extended from Mallow westward, on both sides of the Black water, in the barony of Duhallow, county of Cork, and comprised, according to Smith, the present parishes of Clonmeen and Kil shannick, an extensive territory containing about fifty thousand acres. The O'Callaghans mentioned by O'Heerin were chiefs in Kinel Aodha, now the barony of Kinnalea, and of Clar Beire, which signifies the plain of Beara, a district situated in the barony of Beare, both in the county of Cork. They are thus mentioned in the poem of O'Heerin:—
“Ar Chenel Aedha an fuinn te, O’Ceallachain Clair Beire, Fonn glaislinde co grian geal,
Fiadh is fairsinge inbhear. ”
“Over Kinnalea of the fertile lands,
Rules O'Callaghan of the plain of Beara,
A land of blue waters and bright sunshine, The country of the most expanded bay. ”
The O'Callaghans are of the Eugenian race, and took their name from their ancestor Ceallachan Cashel, the celebrated king of Munster in the tenth century, and accounts of them may be found in the Annals of Inisfallen and the Four Masters. The O'Callaghans, lords of Clonmeen, were in former times very powerful chiefs, and had their chief residenceat the castle of Clonmeen, the ruins of which still remain on a rock near the river Blackwater. Accord ing to O'Brien, at the word Pobul, the chief of the O'Callaghans was transplanted into the county of Clare, by Cromwell where he gave him a considerable property at Kilcorney, in lieu of his an cient estates. O'Brien mentions baron Louis Dennis O'Callaghan. grand Venuer to his Serene Highness the Prince Margrave of
:-
O'Mahonys powerful chiefs,
and were sometimes
The
styled princes.
were
They are thus designated by O’Heerin:—
176 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1388.
sequence of which great commotion ensued in Connaught; and Mac Donogh burned Moylurg on account of these depredations.
Baden-Baden, and some of them were also distinguished officers in the French service. There are several highly respectable families of the O'Callaghans in the county of Cork, and a branch of them in Tipperary are viscounts of Lismore. VII. O’Liathain or O'Lehan, by some rendered to Lyne and Lyons, is given by O'Heerin chief of Hy Liathain, and of Hy Nanmchadha. According to O'Brien, at the words Cuislean and Ibh Nanmcha, and also ac cording to Smith, the O’Lehans had the territory in the county of Cork, afterwards called the barony of Barrymore, from the Anglo Norman family of the Barrys, who becameits possessors. According to O'Brien, the O'Lehans took their name from one of their chiefs in the beginning of the eleventh century, named Cuilean O'Liathan, who, in A. D. 1010, built Castle Lehan, now Castlelyons, which was the chief seat of that family. The O’Lehans are thus men tioned by O'Heerin:
“Lord of Hy Lehan, a warrior of fame,
The hardy leader of the battalions of Munster, Of Hy Namcha he is lineal chief,
The host of keen arms, of high nobility. ”
Peregrine O'Mulloy, lord of Fercall (in the King's county), died.
O'Conor marched into the plain of Connaught
X. O'Donnagain or Donnegans, chiefs of Muiscrith-na-dtri-Magh,
or Muscry of the Three Plains, now the half barony of Orrery, in the county of Cork, according to O'Brien at the word Muiscrith. They are thus mentioned by O'Dugan:
“The country of O'Donnegan is certified,
The great Musery of the three plains, Which belongs to the host of polished steel, The district of charming sunny lands. ”
O’Cullenan is given by O'Brien as a chief on the same territory. The O’Cullenans were celebrated as hereditary physicians of Munster. XI. O’Hionmhuinein, chief of Tuath Saxon, is thus mentioned by O'Heerin :
“Tuath Saxon of the fair pleasant plain, To O'Hinmanen I proclaim,
A country of harbours in affluence abounding, Belong to the hardy sept of Clan Conary. ”
XII. O'Maolhleoghaidh, of the race of Corc, chief of Muiscrith VIII. O'Floin or O'Flynn, chief of Arda and Hy Bagamhna, ac Treithirne, is thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
cording to O'Heerin, and given by O'Brien, at the words Ardach and Donnchu; and by O'Halloran as chiefs of Arda, a territory in
the barony of Carbery, and also of Muiscrith Miotaine, or Muiscrigh ui-Fhloinn, a district in the barony of Muskerry, both in the county of Cork. The district in Muscry possessedby the O'Flynns, according to O'Heerin, extended from the river Dribseach, or Dripsey, to Ballymoorney. O'Maolfabhail is another chief given by O'Heerin, in the same territory. The O'Flynns are thus men tioned by O'Heerin:
“O'Flynn Arda of the blooming woods, A tribe of the purest pedigree,
Heir to the lordship is each man, They are the clan of Ibawne. ”
“Of the race of Conary of the great forces. Let us speak of the chiefs of Muscry,
A host whom the bright sun salutes
On the land of the Martineans of Munster. ”
“Muscry Trehirne of the mighty men, Rightfully belongs to the race of Corc, O'Mulbleaghain is powerful over the land, He possessesthe country of smooth plains. ”
XIII. O’Breaghain or O’Bregan, O'Glaisin, also O'Mictire and O'Coelidh, or Keeley; likewise O'Ciaran, are given by O'Heerin, O'Brien, and O'Halloran, as chiefs of Hy Mac Caille, or I Mac cuile, now the barony of Imokilly, county of Cork. O'Bregan and O'Glaisin are thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
“A valiant clan, warlike in pursuit,
Ruled Imokilly of the hospitable banquets, Two tribes possessedthe smooth plains, O'Bregan and the fair O'Glaisin. ”
XIV. O'Cuire or O'Curry, of Clan Torna, chief of Ciarraidhe Cuirc, now the barony of Kerricurrehy, in the county of Cork, is
Hy Baghamna is now the barony of Ibane and Barryroe, adjoining
Carbery. According to Windele, the O'Flynns built the castle of thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
Macroom, which was called O'Flynn's castle. The O'Flynns were of the Clanna Deaga, descended from the Ernans of Ul ster, and Eochy O'Flynn, a celebrated bard and historian is stated to be of this sept, and is mentioned in O'Reilly's Irish Writers amongst the chief bards of the tenth century, whose com positions are contained in the Books of Leacan and Ballymote. IX. Mac Amhlaidhibh or Mac Auliffe, given by O'Heerin as chief of the country from Amhain Ella westward beyond Gleann Salcain. This territory was in the barony of Duhallow, in the county of Cork, extending westward from the river Alla to the borders of Limerick. According to O'Brien, at the words Curmac, Glean Omra, and the end of the letter M. , the MacAuliffes were a branch of the Mac Carthys, and possessedthe territory called Glean Omra, in the barony of Duhallow, and that the last chief of the family was co lonel of a regiment in Spain, and died about the year 1720. Their chief seat was castle Mac Auliffe, near Newmarket. The Mac Auliffes are thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
“Far beyond the bountiful river Ella,
To the westward of Glen Salcain of stately trees, A fair land of affluence undenied ;
The territory belongs to the noble Mac Auliffe. ”
Another chief in this territory is mentioned by O'Heerin, as follows:
“An estate of the plain of Core belongs,
It is Aes Ella of the fine level land;
To the stately scion of Banba of the ringletted hair, He is O'Tedgamna of Dun Durlais. ”
“Kerricurrehy of the fair coast,
That country belongs to Clan Torna;
O'Curry obtained the fertile land,
Its green aspect is like the plains of Meath. ”
XV. O'Cobhthaidh, anglicised O'Cowhiggs or O'Cowhys, of Fuinn Cliodhna, chiefs of Triocha Meadhona, now the barony of West
Barryroe, in the county of Cork. The O'Cowhiggs were in ancient times powerful chiefs, and, according to Smith, had seven castles
along the coast in the barony of Ibawne and Barryroe. thus mentioned by O'Heerin:—
“Lord of the county of Triocha Meona,
Is O'Cowhy of the white-stoned shore, The land of Cleena is the plain of O'Cowhy, In the sea fights they are valiant foes. ”
They are
XVI O'Fichiolla or O’Fihellys, a name anglicised to Field, are also given by O'Brien as chiefs in West Barryroe. XVII. O'Baire, given by O'Heerin as chief of Muintir Baire, and by O'Halloran as chief of Aron. In O’Brien's Dictionary at the word Rinn, the O'Baires are stated to possess a territory and foreland called Muintir Baire, part of ancient Carbery, in the county of Cork. This name has been anglicised to Baery; they were of the Ithian or Lugadian race, and descended from Fathaidh Airgtheach, a king of Munster in the third century, according to O'Heerin, by whom they are thus designated:
|=
“Muintir Baire the fair fortress,
They are the race Fathaidh Airghtheach; O’Baire rules over the land waves,
Which not surpassed the smooth plains
Ithian race, and possessed ancient times the city Roscar bery and its environs; and, according Smith and Windele, Ive leary, O'Leary's country, lay Muskerry, the county Cork, between Macroom and Inchageela, where they had several castles, those Carrigafooky, Carrignaneelagh, Carrignacurra, Dundarierk and Drumcurragh XIX. The O'Heas and O'Deas,
Manainn. ”
left uncor rected the printer the foregoing part this article. XVIII. O'Laoghaire O'Learys, chiefs Hy Laoghaire Ive leary, were, according O'Brien the word ibh, the Lugadian
This name has been anglicised Barry, not Baery,
whom accounts have been already given the note Tho
the late Peter O’Connell, the compiler Irish Dictionary,
XXII. The O'Caseys are given O'Brien the word Coillte, chiefs Coillte Maibineacha, territory near Mitchelstown,
county Cork. XXIII. The O'Healy's O'Helys are given O'Brien at the word Domhnach, chiefs Domhnach Mor O'Healy, or Pobble O'Healy, large parish the barony Mus kerry, county Cork, and states that the lord chief baron, Hely Hutchinson, was descended from this family. XXIV. The O'Herlihys O'Hurleys are given O'Brien, the end the letter as chiefs district the barony Muskerry, and statesthey were hereditary wardens the church St. Gobnait
Ballyvoorny, and were possessors for many ages the large parish that name. Smith states that they were chiefs near Macroom. For further account the O'Hurleys, see note Ormond. XXV. The O'Numans are given O'Brien the letter
chiefs Tullaleis and Castlelissen, now the parish Tulli lease, the barony Duhallow, county Cork, which they were hereditary wardens St. Brendan's church. XXVI. The O'Daly's, according Smith, had the parish Kilcrohane, the barony West Carbery, county Cork, and were bards the Mac Carthys, O'Mahonys, Carews, and other great families. An account
We come our friends the race Fergus, They are entitled command our attention.
“The king Kerry over the clans Ciar,
O'Conor rules that land by right,
Chief the plain fertile fields,
From the strand the Shannon of clear streams. ”
The Ciar above-mentioned was son Fergus Mac Roy, king Ul ster, Meava, the celebrated queen Connaught, and having settled Munster, the first century, already explained the preceding part this article, became possessed the greater part the territory, afterwards called Kerry, which derived name from him, being named Ciarrioghacht, signifying Ciar's kingdom, also written Irish above, Ciarraigh, and sometimes Ciaraidh. This Ciar and his posterity the Irian race possessed the territory called Iar Mumhan, West Munster, which com prised the north-western half the present county Kerry, with
part Limerick, already explained.
Of the race Ciar were someeminent persons early times, St. Brendan Kerry,
several the O'Dalys, eminent poets Munster, found O'Reilly's Irish writers. XXVII. The Mac Egans are men tioned O'Brien the word Eagan, Brehons, the counties Cork and Kerry, under the Mac Čarthys, kings Desmond. The Mac Egans were also hereditary Brehons judges or
mond. XXVIII. The Mac Sweeneys are mentioned O'Brien the end the letter M, military commanders under the Mac Carthys, princes Desmond, who, the thirteenth century, brought body them from Tirconneil Donegal, where they
were celebrated military chiefs under the O'Donnells, and hence the head the clan was styled Mac Suibhne-na-dTuadh,
Mac Sweeney the Battle-axes. According Smith and Seward, the Mac Sweeneys had the parish Kilmurry,
REIGN OF RICHARD II.
177
(in Roscommon), burned Ard-an-Choilein, and the O’Donnell, that Torlogh the Wine, marched
island of Lough Cairgin, and slew Donal Oge Mac his forces against the Clan Murtogh (O'Conors)
Donnell, a constable of 'galloglasses, on that occasion.
Sligo, preyed and devastated the entire Car bury Drumcliff, and after had slain many,
with inscription Irish, inviting passengers repair the house Edmond Mac Sweeney for free entertainment. XXIX. The Mac Sheehys, according Smith, were warlike clan, brought from Connaught the fifteenth century the Fitzgeralds, earls Desmond, who appointed them their body guards. They were afterwards numerous the counties Cork and Limerick; some them changed the name Joy, and this family was the late judge, Baron Joy; they are supposed some
originally the same the Joyces Connemara. XXX. The O'Kearneys were clan near Kinsale, the county Cork, where they are placed the Map Ortelius, and are mentioned O'Heerin chiefs Hy Floinn. XXXI. The O'Riordans were clan note Muskerry, the county Cork, and distinguished military chiefs ancient times. Of this family was the late Dr. O'Riordan Limerick, distinguished Irish scholar, and patron
mond, are mentioned O’Brien
the word Cairbre, amongst Cork, and Smith states that the
which has been described
the note on Thomond. XXXII. The
the chiefs O'Heas were O'Donovans,
Carbery, county chiefs Pobble
O'Crowleys are mentioned Bandon, the county
whom also Thomond, likewise settled
account has been given Cork, and according
O'Hea Carbery.
XX. The the note
Smith,
Smith chiefs Kilshallow, west Cork, and originally clan from Connaught. XXXIII. The O'Murphys, originally from Wexford, are mentioned by Smith numerous clan Muskerry, and
werechi-efs Clan Cathail,
and had their chief residence Castle Donovan. XXI. O’Beice there are many respectable families the name the city
extensive district West Carbery,
given by O'Heerin chief Beantraidhe, now the barony Bantry, county Cork, and thus designated:—
O’Beice, chief the fair land,
Rules over Bantry delightful bloom, Heroes whose noble actions certify, They are the race Fergus Ulster. ”
Cork. XXXIV. The O'Aherns, O'Ronaynes, and O'Heynes, were
also old and respectable families the county Cork. Of the
O'Creaghs and O'Gradys, whom account has been given
the note Thomond, there are several respectable families the
the
the barony Muskerry, county Cork. and their chief castle the sixth century, the founder the see Ardfert, and many
Clodagh, near Macroom, and had also Castlemore, the parish Movidy. They were famous for their hospitality, and one them erected large stone near the castle Clodagh,
monasteries; and St. Carthach Mochuda, who the seventh century founded the college Lismore, Waterford, which was
long celebrated seat literature, and attended students
county
The following have beenthe chiefs and clans Kerry, an
cient and modern times. O’Concobhair O'Conors, styled O'Heerin kings princes Kerry, who thus mentions them
his topographical poem:—
“Fagbham siol Conaire cliach, Riograidhe Erna na nor sciath,
Cork.
Taile
As ceim
nucht hucht
fein Fearguis, heicheamhnuis.
“Ri Ciarraighe
O'Concobhair coir doisein,
Cele clair miodhfhuinn mir, On traigh Sionaind sruithghil.
“Let leave the race Conary
clannaibh Ceir,
battles, The princes Erma the golden shields,
of ofat
of of in of U,
of of is on of or
to ofin
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178 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1388.
and plundered the district on that occasion, Donal, restored the hostages previously taken from Tir
son of Murtogh (O'Conor) waited on O’Donnell, made peace with him, paid him his tribute, and
from all parts of Europe. Torna Eigeas, the celebrated bard to the monarch Niall of the Hostages in the fifth century, was also of the same race. Mac Beatach, king of Ciaraidhe Luachra, the ancient name of West Kerry, fought under Brian Boru, at the battle of Clontarf. According to a printed pedigree of the O'Conors Kerry, they took their name from Con, one of their chiefs in the eleventh century, and from Ciar their great ancestor, thus mak ing the word Conciar or Comiar, anglicised O'Conor; or according to others they took their name from Conchobhar or Conor, one of their ancient chiefs. Of the O'Conors Kerry, several distin guished chiefs are mentioned in the Four Masters, and Annals of Inisfallen, from the twelfth to the sixteenth century; they were very powerful, and in ancient times styled kings and princes of Kerry. In the thirteenth century, the Fitzmaurices, earls of Kerry, got much of the possessions of the O'Conors, whose an cient principality was diminished to the territory called Oireacht ui-Chonchobhair, signifying the inheritance of O'Conor, now forming the barony of Iraghticonor. The O'Conors Kerry had several strong castles, the chief of which was that of Carrigafoile, at the small island of Carrig, near the mouth of the Shannon, but after the Eliza bethian and Cromwellian wars, most of their estates were confis cated. According to Lodge's Peerage, several of the O'Conors, lords of Kerry, were connected by marriage alliances with the Fitzmaurices, earls of Kerry, and they were also connected by intermarriages with the O'Connells of Kerry. There are several re spectable families of the O'Conors in Cork and Kerry, and someof them have been distinguished officers in the service of France and Naples. The chief representative of the ancient family of the O'Conors Kerry, and maternally descended from the O'Connells of Kerry, is Captain Daniel O'Connell O'Conor, at present an officer in the Austrian service. II. O’Donchadha or O'Donoghoes, given by O'Heerin as chiefs of Lough Lein, and also of Clan Sealbhuidhe, and thus designated in his topography, together with the O'Carrolls:
“O’Donoghoe of Lough Leine,
And of the Fleisg who are full powerful,
Rule over the Clan Shalvey,
They are men of happiness in Munster. ”
“O’Donoghoe of Lough Lein,
He is prince of that Eoganacht,
O'Carroll is there our friend, Of pure and noble origin. ”
O'Brien, at the word Donchu, states, that the Donoghoes were of the Eugenian race, and originally settled in that part of Desmond, now the county of Cork, where they possesseda large territory, extending from Iniskean to the borders of Bantry, and from thence northward to Bally vurny and Macroom, comprising the district called Iveleary (which is part of Carbery), and also a great por tion of Muskerry; but in the twelfth century, the O'Donoghoes were expelled from Cork by the Mac Carthys and O'Mahonys, and settled in Kerry, where they became proprietors of all the country about Lough Lein and Killarney. From the tenth to the thir teenth century, several distinguished chiefs of the O'Donoghoes are mentioned in the Annals of Inisfallen, and they are styled kings and princes of the Eoganacht of Lough Lein. The O'Do noghoes continued powerful chiefs down to the reign of Elizabeth, when, in consequenceof having joined the earls of Tyrone and Des mond, most of their estates were confiscated. The O'Donoghoes were divided into two great branches, namely, those of Lough Lein and those of Glenflesk, the latter called O'Donoghoe More. The O'Donoghoes, lords of Lough Lein, had their chief castle at Ross Island, on one of the lakes of Killarney, the romantic ruins of which still remain. The O'Donoghoes of Lough Lein or Ross, according to Windele, are now extinct; but the O’Donoghoe of the Glens still holds a great deal of the extensive possessions of his ancestors. Some interesting accounts of the O'Donoghoes will be found in Windele's Notices of Cork and Killarney. III. O'Domhnaill or O'Donnell, of the same race as the O'Donoghoes,
connell.
A contest arose between O’Rourke (of Leitrim)
is given by O'Heerin as a chief of Clan Shalvey, and mentioned as follows:—
“Clan Shalvey of the limpid streams, Recorded as a well known land,
Belongs to O'Donnell of the powerful hand,
Who took possession of the brown nut plain. ”
IV. The O'Carrolls, princes of Lough Lein, are mentioned by O'Heerin, and also in the Annals of Inisfallen, in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. V. O'Failbhe or O'Falvey, given by O'Heerin as chief of Corca Duibhne, and of the territory from the Mang, west ward to Fiontraigh or Ventry. Corcó Duibhne, is now the barony of Corcaguiney, in the county of Kerry. The O'Falveys are men tioned by O'Brien, at the words Corca Duibhne and Failbhe, also as lords of Ibheratha, now the barony of Iveragh in Kerry. The O'Falveys were powerful chiefs, and in ancient times held the rank of hereditary admirals of Desmond. VI. O’Seadha or O'Shea, is also given as a chief of Ibh Ratha or Iveragh. VII. O'Conghaill or O'Connell, is given by O'Heerin, as chief of Magh O g-Coinchinn, now the barony of Magonihy, in Kerry. These O'Connells it appears were a branch of the O'Connells, the ancient lords of Hy Conaill Gawra, now the baronies of Upper and Lower Conello, in the county of Limerick, which, as already stated, formed a part of West Munster. An account of the O'Connells of Clare, Limerick, and Kerry, has been given in the note on Thomond, and in Burke's History of the Commoners will be found accounts of several chiefs of the O'Connells of Kerry, who were formerly styled lords of Bally Carberry, in the barony of Iveragh. The best authorities on the ancient chiefs of Kerry, are the topo graphical accounts in O'Brien's Irish Dictionary, O'Halloran, Smith's Kerry, Windele, &c. , but particularly O'Heerin's Topo graphy of Munster, a work of undoubted authority, written in the fourteenth century, and now for the first time translated from the Irish MS. , and embodiedin those notes. The three last-men tioned chiefs are stated by O'Heerin, in his topography, to be of the race of Clan Conaire, that is the descendants of Conary II. , monarch of Ireland, in the beginning of the third century, who was of the race of the Clanna Deaga of Munster, of whom an ac count has been given in the preceding part of this article, and also in the note on Thomond, where it has been shewn that Cairbre Riada, son of the monarch Conary, in the third century, settled the Irish colony in North Britain or Alban, afterwards called Scotland, from whom were descended the ancient Scottish kings and the House of Stuart. The above chiefs are thus designated by O'Heerin:
“After the battalions of Clar Broine,
Let us treat of the clans of Conary, Fine Fenian heroes from Tulaich-an-Trir
(an ancient
name of Tara),
Rulers in Munster of the smooth flowing streams.
“Three chiefs who possessedthe lands, Of Corca Duivney of the fine forces, O'Falvey the warrior, and O'Shea,
The strengthening bond of the eastern parts.
“O'Connell of the sharp swords
Rules over the shaded fortresses of Magonihy, Like a stately tree in the hazel woods,
Is the Munster leader of the cavalry forces.
From Mang, westward, is the estate, Possessed by O'Falvey as far as Ventry, Without dispute an extensive land,
Was obtained by O'Shea, chief of Iveragh. ”
VIII. O’Laoghain, probably O'Leyne, chief of Hy Fearba; and O’Duibhduin, chief of Hy Flannain, districts in the county of Kerry, are thus mentioned by O'Heerin:—
'H
Aos Aisde Orlar Eltaigh, are thus mentioned the sugan earl, signifying the earl straw. His forces being
eerin
length defeated, and himself taken prisoner, was sent England along with Florence Mac Carthy, and imprisoned the Tower il
London, where died, 1608, and thus terminated the lustrious house Desmond. After his death the Fitzgeralds, who were the chief representatives this great family, went
Spain, became commanders the Spanish and Austrian service, and were styled Counts Desmond. Accounts the Fitzgeralds, earls Desmond, will found Smith's Histories Cork and
battle, Their chiefs are O'Neide and Clan Conary. ”
his retinue his own kindred, five hundred gentlemen the Fitzgeralds. The earl Desmond having resisted the Re formation the reign Elizabeth, and waged war against the English government, his forces after long contests were defeated,
clan the most active pitch
the plain flocks, Which the chief O'Moriarty obtained,
fair country blooming aspect, Which was possessed by O'Hinnesvan. ”
Aos Aisde
REIGN OF RICHARD II.
179
and the Mac Donoghs (of Sligo); and Donal, son of Manus, son of Malachy Mac Manus, was slain Murtogh (O’Conor), joined the Mac Donoghs by the sons of Mac Donogh and Mulroony Mac
against O’Rourke.
“O Laoghain, a warrior of fame,
We found him over Hy Fearba, O'Caithneandaigh obtained the land,
Firmly settled under the high hills of Cualan.
“Hy Flannain an extensive land,
A verdant country of delightful streams, O’Duivdin over the fertile soil,
Rules as its chief and protecting lord. ”
IX. The O'Neides and Clan Conary are given as chiefs of All traighe, or of Clar Ciarraidhe, that the Plain Kerry, and thus mentioned O'Heerin:—
“The men Alltraighe maintain, Two chiefs the plain Kerry,
Donogh.
Q'Dunodaidh O'Dunady, chief Slieve Luachra, that the district about the mountain Slievlogher, the borders Limerick and Kerry, thus mentioned O'Heerin—
“The plain Luachra, productive country, Belongs the liberal O’Dunady,
tribe hard-fighting battles, district of fair well-watered lands. ”
ğ. O'Muircheartaigh O'Moriarty, O'Hionnasbhain, Desmond, but his title not being recognised, was designated XI. and
:-
The O'Moriartys had the parish Templenoe, and some adjoining
districts in the barony Dunkerron. XII. The Mac Gillicuddys, Kerry, Mac Geoghegan's Ireland, and Lodge's Peerage. The vast
branch of the O'Sullivans, were chiefs territory the barony Dunkerron, and from them the mountains called Mac Gillicuddy’s Reeks got their name. There are several respectable families them Kerry, some whom have anglicised the name Archdeacon. The head the family styled Mac Gillicuddy
estates Gerald, earl Desmond, were confiscated the reign Elizabeth, and granted various English settlers, called planters undertakers, conditions that planter should con vey any part the lands any the mere Irish, and the Eng lish settlers were also prohibited intermarry with the Irish, and none the Irish were maintained any family. Of the from whom the parish Ballyinacelligott, the barony Trugh Desmond estates Cork and Waterford Sir Walter Raleigh got
the Reeks. XIII. The Mac Elligotts, ancient family Kerry,
enackmy, got name. Lodge's Peerage, his account grants from Elizabeth about forty thousand acres. Sir Walter the earls of Kerry, stated that the latter end the thir Raleigh resided some time near Youghal, and after his return teenth century, one the Fitzmaurices, earl Kerry, was mar from voyage America, brought with him from Virginia the pota
to-root, together with tobacco, being the first who had introduced these articles into Ireland, and planted the first potatoes field near Youghal, about 1610. The other English settlers who got grants the Desmond estates the county Cork, were
ried the daughter
others those Mac Leods
and the name was changed
that the Mac Elligotts are descended from the Scottish clan
the Mac. Leods. Some the Mac Elligotts were distinguished Arthur Robins, 18,000 acres; Fane Beecher, 12,000 acres; Hugh officers, the service foreign states, amongst others Baron Worth, 12,000 acres; Arthur Hyde, 12,000 acres; Sir Warham Mae Elligott, major-general the Austrian service, under the St. Leger, 6,000 acres; Hugh Cuffe, 6,000 acres; Sir Thomas
John Mac Leod Galway, and that the same family settled Kerry,
Mac Elligott; thus would appear
empress Maria Theresa. Some the Mac Elligotts who resided Limerick about twenty years ago, were eminent Irish scholars. XIV. The Mac Finneens, according some, branch the Mac
Norris, 6,000 acres; Sir Arthur Hyde, 6,000 acres; Thomas Say, 6,000 acres; Sir Richard Beacon, 6,000 acres; Edmond Spencer, the poet, 3,000 acres. the county Kerry the following per
Carthys, according others, the O'Sullivans; the Mac sons got grants the Desmond estates:—Sir William Herbert
Crehans; the O'Scanlans; and O'Harneys, were also clans note Kerry.
Anglo-Norman and English families Desmond. Asalready
stated, king Henry gave grant the kingdom Cork families Conway, Holly and others. Of the families who got Desmond to Robert Fitzstephen, and Milo Cogan. The the Desmondestates Limerick, an account has beengiven Fitzgeralds, descended from the Anglo-Norman chief, Maurice the note Thomond. The other principal Norman and English Fitzgerald, whom account has been given note these families the county Cork, were the Cogans, Carews, Condons, Annals, the year 1224, got large possessions Cork and Kerry, Cantons, Courcys, Barrys, Barnwalls, Barretts, Roches,
and were created earls Desmond the reign Edward III. Another branch the Fitzgeralds, also descended from Maurice Fitzgerald, becameearls Kildare. The earls Desmond be came one the most powerful families Munster, and several
them were lords deputies Ireland the fourteenth and fif teenth centuries. Gerald Fitzgerald, sixteenth earl Desmond, was one the greatest subjects Europe, held the rank Prince Palatine, with all the authority provincial king; had many strong castles, and his vast possessions extended 150 miles over the counties Cork, Kerry, Limerick, and Waterford, comprising nearly six hundred thousand acres profitable land, independent immense tracts waste lands, not surveyed,
that his entire property amounted nearly one million acres.
immense number vassals, and could raise call two thousand foot and six hundred horse, and had be
He had force
sides,
and himself was slain one Kelly, Irish soldier, glen near Castle Island, the county Kerry, the 11th No
vember, 1583; his head was cut off and sent England by Thomas Butler, earl Ormond, present the queen, who
caused ceeded phew
fixed on London bridge. His son, James, suc the title, but died soon after. James Fitzgerald, ne Gerald, earl Desmond, attempting recover the es
tates and honours his ancestors, took arms, and joined the
standard Hugh O'Neill, earl Tyrone. He was styled earl
about 13,000 acres; Charles Herbert, about 4,000 acres; Sir Valentine Brown, ancestor the earls Kenmare, about 6,000 acres Sir Edward Demy, 6,000 acres; and some grants the
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180 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1389.
A. D. 1389.
The vicar of Iniscain Louth) died.
Niall Oge O'Neill was taken prisoner English.
the
Maurice Maol O’Conor Fairly was slain by the cast javelin, the church Cluan Dathorc," man the O’Kellys Legi (Leix, Queen's
county).
Mac Gibbons, and Fitzgibbons, branches the Fitzgeralds; the
Flemmings, Sarsfields, Nagles, Martells, Percivals, Russells,
Pigotts, Prendergasts, Lombards, Lavallans, Morgans, Cottors,
Meaghs, Murroghs, Supples, Stackpoles, Whites, Warrens, modern times the Fieldings, earls Denbigh England, have the Hodnetts, Hardings, Fields, Beechers, Hydes, Jephsons, Garretts,
Kents, Delahides, de Spencers, Deanes, Daunts, Vincents, Gardi ners, Beamishes, Courtnays, Cuffes, Cores, Hores, Newenhams, &c. The Coppingers, Goulds, Gallways, Skiddys, and Terrys, considered O'Brien, Windele, and others, Danish
title earls Desmond. may remarked that the O'Briens, earls Thomond, have their chief residence the county Cork. the reign Richard II. , Edward Plantagenet, son king Edward III. , was created earl Cork, and Richard Plantagenet, duke York, viceroy Ireland 1449, was also earl Cork;
descent, were former times very numerous and powerful fami
and may here remarked, that the royal family, the dukes lies Cork, and vast number them were lord mayors that of Clarence are earls of Munster. The Carews were created mar
city, from the fourteenth the seventeenthcentury, may seen Smith's History Cork. The Courcys were barons Kin
sale, and some the family took the Irish name Mac Patrick, being descendants one the earls named Patrick. The de Barrys, Anglo-Normans, became earls Barrymore, and gave name the baronies Barrymore and Barryroe; some them took the name Mac David. The Anglo-Norman family
quesses Cork. The Mac Carthys were earls Clancare, earls Clancarthy, earls Muskerry, and earls Mountcashel. The
Barrys, barons Olethan, viscounts Buttevant, and earls Barrymore. The Roches, barons Castlelough, and viscounts Fermoy. The Boyles, barons Youghal, Bandon, Broghill, and Castlemartyr, viscounts Dungarvan and Kinnalmeaky, earls
Cork, Orrery, and Shannon, and earls Burlington England. The Percivals, barons Duhallow, Kanturk, and Arden, and earls Egmont. The St. Legers, viscounts Doneraile; the Touchets, earls Castlehaven; the Bernards, earls Bandon;
The Courcys, barons Kinsale and Ringrone; the Fitzgeralds, earls Desmond, barons Decies, and seneschals Imokilly. One the family Preston was created earl Desmond, and
Rupe Roche became viscounts Fermoy, and their ter
ritory was called Roche's country; several them were distin
guished officers the Irish Brigade the service France, and
others the Spanish and Sardinian service. The Sarsfields, the Whites, viscounts Bearhaven, and earls Bantry; the Anglo-Normans, settled Cork, and also Limerick, and the
fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, several them were lord mayors
Cork, and also Dublin; the Sarsfields Limerick were created viscounts Kilmallock, the first who got the title being sir Dominick Sarsfield, chief justice the common pleas, the reign James Patrick Sarsfield the same family was created earl Lucan by James II. , under whom he was cele brated commander the Irish forces. Many the Sars fields were distinguished generals the service France and Spain; and may here mentioned, that some the Lacy's and Browns Limerick were amongst the most celebrated mi litary commanders Europe, the eighteenth century, mar shals and generals the Russian and Austrian service. The Barretts gave name the barony Barretts; and the Condons
the barony Condons. The Barnwalls, Anglo-Normans, were styled lords Bearhaven, and had large possessions that district, but were expelled by the O'Sullivans, and having settled
Dublin and Meath, founded several great families, the Barn walls, barons Trimblestown and Turvey, and viscounts Kings land. Some the family Hodnett took the Irish name Mac Sherry, and their chief residence was Court Mac Sherry from the Magners, Castle Magner got its name; and from the Hydes, Castlehyde. The Nagels had extensive possessions, and from them the Nagles mountains derive their name; this family was sir Richard Nagle, attorney-general James II. The Daunts, descended from the ancient family Daunt, Glouces tershire, held the lands Tracton Abbey, which were leased Thomas Daunt by sir Warham St. Leger, the reign Elizabeth. William Daunt, his brother, had also part those lands, and from these brothers are descended the Daunts Newboro’, Slieve roe, Fahalea, Kilcaskan, and Tracton Abbey.
The following have been the chief Anglo-Norman and English families Kerry. The Fitzmaurices, earls Kerry, descended from Raymond Gros, celebrated warrior who came over with Strongbow. Raymond having formed alliance with Dermod Mac Carthy, king Desmond, got large grants lands Kerry,
the territory called Lixnaw, which, from being possessed his son Maurice, got the name Clanmaurice. From Maurice were descended the Fitzmaurices, earls Kerry. The other principal English families were the Herberts, Browns, Stacks, Blenner hassetts, Crosbies, Dennys, Gunns, Godfreys, Morrises, Rices, Springs, &c.
Nobility. The following have been the noble families the county Cork, from the reign king John the present time.
Berkleys and Chetwynds, viscounts Bearhaven; the Brodericks, viscounts Middleton; the Moores, earls Charleville; and the Moores, earls Mountcashell; the Kings, earls Kingston the O'Callaghans, viscounts Lismore Waterford, are originally from Cork; the Evanses, barons Carbery; the Deanes, barons
Muskerry; the Tonsons, barons Riversdale; and the family Cavendish, barons Waterpark.
In Kerry the following have been the noble families since the reign king John. The Fitzmaurices, barons Lixnaw and O'Dorney, viscounts Clanmaurice, and earls Kerry; the
Pettys Fitzmaurice Pettys, barons Dunkerron, viscounts Clanmaurice, earls Kerry, earls Shelburne, and marquesses Lansdown England; the Fitzgeralds, knights Kerry; the
Browns, earls Kenmare, and viscounts Castleross; the Her berts, barons Castleisland; the Gages, viscounts Castle island; the Childs, viscounts Castlemaine, and earls Tylney England; the Monsons and Palmers, viscounts Castlemaine; the Powers, viscounts Valentia; the Annesleys, viscounts Valentia; the Crosbies, viscounts Brandon, and earls Glan dore; the Wynnes, barons Headley; the Moleynes, barons Ventry; the Hares, barons Ennismore, and earls Listowel; and Thomas Spring Rice, baron Monteagle
Desmond was formed into the counties
the reign king John, 1210, but
comprised those two counties, description can given the limits this article, beyond the remark, that the inland and ocean scenery those counties grand and beautiful, and that their extensive bays and noble harbours are amongst the finest any country. Down late century ago, the mountains of Cork and Kerry were covered with ancient forests oak, ash, pine, alder, birch, hazel, and yews immense size, and afforded
retreats wolves, and numerous herds red deer. Of the majes tic mountains and magnificent lakes Kerry needless speak, celebrated they are for sublime scenery and surpassing beauty.
Ecclesiastical divisions. —The following are the bishops' sees Cork and Kerry
The see Cork was founded by St. Barr, called Fin-Barr,
the beginning the seventh century. The diocese comprises,
together with the city, large portion the county
The see Cloyne was founded the latter end beginning the seventh century, St. Colman,
Cork. the sixth, disciple
St. Fin-Barr Cork. Cloyne called Irish Cluan Uama, sig nifying the Retreat the Cave, and latinised Cluanvania. The
Brandon.
Cork and Kerry,
the immense territory
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Malachy Cam O'Loghlin, lord of Corcomroe Clare), was treacherously slain his own
Owen O’Rourke, and the sons Cathal Oge O'Conor, havinggone Caislean-an-uabhair, there
met with the cavalry Muintir Hely, which
the translator these Annals has, together with transcribing
borother.
rk.
The see
tury St.
towards the Shannon. These Lucenians are supposed to be a colony of the Luceni of Spain, who, according to Smith, are placed
by Strabo in Galicia and Cantabria, and said to be of Scythian origin, which corresponds with the accounts of our ancient annal ists, who make the Milesians originally a colony from Scythia. According to Smith the barony of Lixnaw is considered to have derived its name from the Lucenians. The Gangani or Concani of Spain, also stated by Strabo to have been Scythians, are given by Ptolemy as the ancient inhabitants of the territories now forming the counties of Clare and Galway, a colony of them having come from Spain in remote ages. From the Concanians of Galway some antiquaries suppose that Connaught derived name. The Cori ondoi are placed Ptolemy's map
the slain. After the foreigners effected landing, many terrific battles were fought almost incessantly during whole year, but
finally the invaders were vanquished, and enormous number them slain the various conflicts. This battle has beencelebrated
by the Irish writers under the name Cath Fion Tragha, and some ancient MSS. the subject still remain. the ninth and tenth centuries the Danes and Norwegians overran Munster, they did various other parts Ireland, and settled colonies the cities Waterford, Limerick, and Cork. An account various victories gained over the Danes by Brian Boru and Ceallachan, king Cashel, has been given the note Thomond. Ceal lachan, celebrated warrior the Eugenian race, was king Cashel the tenth century, and having defeated the Danes several battles, Sitric, king the Danes Dublin, with his brothers Tor and Magnus, having proposed peace with the people Munster, with an offer give marriage Ceallachan their sister Beibhion, an accomplished princess, the proposals alliance being accepted Ceallachan, prepared Dub lin meet his intended bride, but his arrival there his party were treacherously attacked and defeated the Danes, who took Ceallachan prisoner, together with Dunchuan, son Cineide, king
Thomond, the entire proceedings the part the Danes being
conspiracy get Ceallachan, their formidable enemy, into their
power. The Munster chiefs, order redeem their king from captivity, collected powerful force, amongst whom were two thousand Dalcassians, and three thousand Eugenians, com manded Donogh O'Keeffe, prince Fermoy O'Sullivan, prince Beara; the O'Conors Kerry; O'Driscolls; O'Moriartys; O'Flynns O'Felans, and other chiefs Munster, aided one thousand the Connaught forces, under the O’Haras, O'Garas, Mac Coghlans, and others; the entire, stated, amounting
twelve thousand men, the chief commander the Euge nians being O’Keeffe; and Cineidi, king Thomond, with his brothers Congalach, Cosgrach, and Lonargan, commanded the Dalcassians. They also had large naval force under O’Falvey, hereditary admiral Desmond, who equipped thirty ships; O'Conor Kerry, twenty ships; O'Driscoll, O'Cobhtaich, and O'Flynn, armed and manned ten ships each the Mac Namaras, O'Conors, and O'Loghlins Clare, sent twenty ships; and from Corca Baiscin, Clare, came twenty more, making all one hun dred and twenty sail. The army, which proceeded land, marched through Connaught and Ulster Armagh, which city was then
possession the Danes, and whither they brought Ceallachan prisoner, order put him board their fleet Dundalk, and send him Denmark; the Irish attacked Armagh by the pro
jection large stones from machines, together with arrows, darts, slings, and other missiles, and applying scaling ladders the
and considered Smith and others
Coritani of Britain, who inhabited
ties Lincoln, Leicester, and Northampton, and, according
Camden, these Coritanians fled Ireland about the first century, consequence the conquest Britain the Romans From
the great intercourse between Spain and the south Ireland the early ages, there much the Spanish blood Munster, particularly the counties Kerry, Limerick, and Cork; and
the tenth and eleventh centuries colonies the Danes settled the cities of Waterford, Limerick, and Cork, and continued there down the English invasion, there much the Danish race those cities mixed intermarriages with the old Irish.
Cork, Latin Corcagia, and also Coracium, got name, ac cording O'Brien, the word Corca, and also according other authorities, from Corca Corcach, which signifies marsh, the city Cork was originally founded marshy ground, but accord ing others the name was derived from Corc, prince the Euge nian race, who was king Munster the fourth century.
gus Mac Roy, by Meava, the celebrated queen Connaught,
short time before the Christian era. This Fergus, king Ulster, was the race Ir, and hence his descendants were Irians Clanna Rory. His son Ciar, the first century, got possession
large territory Munster, called from him Ciar Rioghacht, sig nifying Ciar's kingdom; hence came the word Ciaraidhe,
written the Book Armagh, Ciarrichi, anglicised Kerry.
the old ecclesiastical writers Kerry was called St. Brendan's country, from Brendan, celebrated saint the sixth century, who founded many monasteries there, and several places Kerry still bear his name, amongst others Brendan Brandon mountain and Camden calls that part the Atlantic the coast Kerry,
Rerry, Latin Kerrigia, got name from Ciar, son Fer
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174 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1388.
Wicklow), the most distinguished of his tribe for own fortress, and the bodach (clown) who slew hospitality and feats of arms, was slain by a pea him, was immediately put to death.
sant of his own clan, within the precincts of his
walls; the Danes, under Sitric, were at length defeated with great slaughter, and having evacuated the city by night, they marched
off towards Dundalk and embarked their forces in their fleet, which lay in that bay. The Irish pursued them, and O’Keeffe, sending a
The sons of O’Cuirmin,' Siodhraidh, Carbre,
“Heroes of Munster of the fortress of the Shannon, Are the race of Eogan, the son of Oilioll,
Mac Carthy the mainstay of its tributes,
Is like an unceasing stormy wave. ”
flag of truce, demanded of Sitric the princes Ceallachan and Dun
chuan, who were his prisoners, but the Danes returned for answer
that the prisoners would not be restored until an eric was first
paid for the Danes who fell in fifteen different battles with Ceal
lachan and his forces; and Sitric ordered Ceallachan to be bound
to the mast of his own ship, and Dunchuan in like manner on the
king of Norway's ship, in view of the whole Munster army. The
Irish were enraged at this sight, but their land forces had no means
of attacking the enemy; shortly after, however, O'Falvey, the
Irish admiral, appeared in sight, and drawing up his ships in an
extended line, prepared for action. A desperate engagementen the Mac Carthys, kings of Desmond, to reside there for com sued, and the Irish commanders grappled with, and boarded the
Danish vessels; both sides fought with great fury, but O'Falvey
at length succeeded in releasing Ceallachan, and, giving him one of
his own swords, bade him take the command. The Irish, animated
by seeing their prince at liberty, fought with renewed vigour; but
the valiant O'Falvey at length fell pierced by many wounds, and
his head was immediately displayed on the mast of Sitric's ship.
Fingal, a chief who was second in command to O'Falvey, animat
ing the Irish, the fight was continued with great fury on both
sides, but at length Fingal, encompassed by the Danes, and seeing
his own death certain, seized on Sitric by a sudden grasp, and
having jumped with him in his arms overboard, both were
instantly drowned. Conal and Sioda, chiefs of the Clareforces, who
were engaged with the ships commanded by Tor and Magnus,
brothers of Sitric, following the example of Fingal, grasped the
Danish chiefs in their arms, and leaped with them in like manner
into the deep. O'Conor Kerry slew oneof the Danish commanders and other Anglo-Norman and English settlers, and held their in singie combat, and cut off his head, but while holding it up in
triumph, he was himself killed by another Dane. The Danish forces were at length totally defeated, and their fleet destroyed,
but almost the whole of the Irish chiefs and men engaged in that
fierce contest, were also slain. This great sea fight in the bay of A. D. 1565, by Queen Elizabeth; the other branch, called Mac
Dundalk took place A. D. 944, according to O'Halloran and other
authorities. Copies of the ancient Irish MSS. giving accounts of
the battles of Ventry and Dundalk, are to be found in the library
of Sir William Betham. That respecting the battles of the Mun
ster forces with the Danes, is entitled Toruigheacht Cheallachain parts of Cork and Kerry. According to Windele, the Miac Chaisil, signifying The Pursuit for the recovery of Ceallachan
Cashel, which would be well worth having translated and published. The great battle of Moin Mor in Cork, fought in the twelfth century, A. D. 1151, between the Connaught, Leinster, and Des
mond forces on one side, and the Dalcassians on the other, has been described in the note on Thomond.
The Eugenians ruled as kings over Desmond, and the Dalcassian kings over Thomond, and from each race, as already explained in
Carthy More was inaugurated at Lisban-maeuhir in Kerry, at which ceremony presided O'Sullivan Mor and O’Donoghoe Mor;
the note on Thomond, was alternately elected a king of all Mun ster, which mode of government in Munster continued from the third to the eleventh century, when Brian Boru, of the Dalcassian race, became king of Munster and monarch of Ireland, and his descendants the O'Briens were kings of Munster and kings of Thomond, and the Mac Carthys, who were the head of the Euge nian race, were kings and princes of Desmond.
his captains of war were the O'Rourkes, probably a branch of the O'Rourkes, princes of Brefney; the Mac Egans were his heredi tary Brehons, and the O'Daly's and O'Duinins were his hereditary poets and antiquaries. There are still in the counties of Cork and Kerry many highly respectable families of the Mac Carthys, and several of the name have been distinguished commanders in the Irish Brigades, in the service of France and Spain. The following accounts of chiefs and clans in Desmond, or the counties of Cork and Kerry, and the territories possessed by each in ancient and modern times, have been collected from O'Heerin's Topography, O’Brien, O'Halloran, Smith's histories of Cork and Kerry, and various other sources.
I. O’Suilleabhain or O'Sullivan. The O'Sullivans had the ancient territory of Beara, now the baronies of Beare and Bantry, in the county of Cork, and were called O'Sullivan Beara, and styled princes of Beara. Another branch of the family called O'Sullivan Mor were lords of Dunkerron, and possessed the ba rony of Dunkerron, in the county of Kerry, and their chief seat was the castle of Dunkerron, near the river Kenmare. A third branch of the O'Sullivans were chiefs of Knockraffan, in Tipperary, of whom an account is given in the note on Ormond. The O'Sul livans are of the Eugenian race of the same descent as the Mac Carthys, princes of Desmond, and took their name from Suileabh an, one of their chiefs in the tenth century. As princes of Beara they held a high rank in ancient times in the county of Cork,
The Mac Carthys, in Irish Mac Carthaidh or Mac Cairthy, and pronounced like Mac Carha or Mac Cawra, took their name from Carthach or Cairthe oneof their ancestors, a prince of Desmond in the eleventh century, son of Justin, king of Munster, who was grandson to Ceallachan, king of Cashel. Of the Mac Carthy's in early times some accounts may be found in the Annals of Inis fallen. The Mac Carthys of the twelfth century are thus desig nated in the topographical poem of O'Heerin:-
“Flaithe Mumhan muir Sionna Siol Eogain mic Oiliolla,
Mac Carthaidh cuing a cana, Mar thuind ansaidh etragha. ”
On the English invasion, when king Henry II. landed at Waterford, in October A. D. 1171, Dermod Mac Carthy, king of Desmond,
waited on him the day after his arrival, delivered to him the keys of the city of Cork, and did him homage. According to Mac Geo ghegan, this Dermod Mac Carthy, in the year 1185, was, together with all his retinue, treacherously slain at a conference held with Theobald Fitzwalter, and the English of Cork. At the time of the English invasion, the Danes were in possession of the city of Cork and the adjoining districts, being permitted by
mercial purposes. In A. D. 1174, the forces of Strongbow and Raymond le Gros having plundered various parts of Waterford and Cork, dispatched the booty to Waterford by sea, under the com mand of Adam de Hereford ; the Danes of Cork equipped thirty five vessels, and attacked the English fleet at Dungarvan, but after a severe engagement they lost the victory, chiefly through
the valour of Philip Walsh, who boarded the admiral's ship, and killed Gilbert, the son of Turgesius, the Danish commander. A. D. 1177, King Henry II. granted to Robert Fitzstephen and
Milo de Cogan, for the service of sixty knights, to himself and his son John and their heirs, the whole kingdom of Cork or Des mond, with the exception of the city of Cork, and the adjoining cantreds, which belonged to the Ostmen or Danes of that city, which the king reserved to hold in his own hands. The Mac Carthy's maintained long contests for their independence with the Fitzgeralds, earls of Desmond, the Butlers, earls of Ormond,
titles, as princes of Desmond, with considerable possessions, down to the reign of Elizabeth. They were divided into two great
branches, the head of which was Mac Carthy More, of whom
Donal Mac Carthy was created earl of Glencare or Clancare,
Carthy Reagh, were styled princes of Carbery. Besides the earls
of Clancare, the Mac Carthy's were also created at various periods barons of Valentia, earls of Clancarthy, earls of Muskerry, and
earls of Mountcashel, and had several strong castles in various
2.
REIGN OF RICHARD II. 175
and Gillpatrick, were slain by the English of Great depredations were committed by O'Conor Leinster. Roe and Mac Dermott on O'Conor Don, in con
and had several strong castles, the chief of which were was the magnificent castle of Kanturk. V. O'Mathghamhna or those of Dunboy, Ardea, and Carriganas. In the reign of O’Mahony. The O'Mahony's are given by O'Heerin as chiefs of
James I. their extensive possessions were confiscated, in conse quence of their adherence to the earls of Desinond and Tyrone in the Elizabethian wars, and the heads of the family retired to Spain, where many of them were distinguished officers in the Spanish service, and had the title of Counts of Bearhaven. II. O'Heidir sceoil or O'Driscoll, head of the Ithian race, was chief or prince of Corcaluighe, otherwise called Cairbreacha, comprising ancient Carbery, an extensive territory in the south-west of Cork. Ano ther branch of the O'Driscolls were lords of Beara, now the ba ronies of Beare and Bantry, in the county of Cork, of which they were the original possessors, but the O'Sullivans in after times be came the possessors of this territory as above stated. The O'Dris colls of the twelfth century are designated in O'Heerin's topogra
phical poem, in terms which may be thus translated
“To the race of Luighee along the shore, I now proceed beyond the bounds,
To pass the tribe is not meet for me, But to record the warriors’ fame.
“O’Driscoll, head chief of the land Of Corealuighee, I treat of now,
Hy Eachach, and also of Kinel m-Beice; the latter is now the barony of Kinal meaky, in the county of Cork, and Hy Eachach is in modern times called Ivaugh, which, according to Smith, com prises the whole peninsula in the barony of West Carbery, extend ing from Bally dehob to the bay of Dunmanus. O'Brien and O'Hailoran give the territory Kinel Aodha as possessed by the O'Mahonys, which is now the barony of Kinnalea, in the county of Cork; andO'Brien in his Dictionary, at the word Mathghabbain, states that the O'Mahonys, who were a branch of the Eugenian race, had a large territory in Muskerry, south of the river Lee, in the county of Cork, and also another territory called Tiobrad, in the county of Kerry; and the O'Mahony's are placed on the map of Ortelius, in the west of Kerry, opposite the island of Valentia.
He took possessionof the coasts of Cleire, The fittest headland for the princely lord.
“ O'Driscoll of the wealthy Beara,
Rules over the land of the salmon coast, A blue water shore abounding in harbours,
Exhibiting to view large fleets of wine. ”
The O'Driscolls had the island of Capeclear, alluded to in the poem, and the territory about the bay of Baltimore, and, accord ing to Smith, had a part of Iveragh in Kerry. They had castles at Dunashad and Dunalong near Baltimore, the castle of Duna more on Capeclear island, and others. There are still several respectable families of the O'Driscolls in the county of Cork. III. O'Caoinh or O'Keeffe, is given by O'Heerin as chief of Glan Amh ain and of Urluachra. Gleanamhain, according to O'Brien, is now Glanworth, in the barony of Fermoy, county of Cork; they had also afterwardis a large territory in the barony of Duhallow, known by the nameof E°obal O’Keeffe. In ancient times the O'Keeffes had the territory of Fearmuighe Feine, now the barony of Fermoy, in the county of Cork, which afterwards was possessedby the Anglo Norman family of Roche, viscounts of Fermoy, and called Roche's country. The O’Dugans and O’Coscraighs were also ancient chiefs in Fermoy. They are thus designated by O'Heerin:—
“Chief of Fermoy of enclosed fortresses, Is O'Dugan of Dunmanann,
A tribe of the Gaels of precious jewels; O’Keeffe is chief of Glen Avon.
“O’Keeffe of the handsomebrown brows, Chief of Urluachra of the fertile lands, The inheritor of the hospitable country,
Which resembled in beauty the fair plains of Meath. ”
The O'Keeffes were in ancient times marshals and chief military leaders of Desmond, and were styled princes of Fermoy. They had several castles, the chief of which were those of Dro magh and Duaragil. There are still several respectable families of the O'Keeffes, in the county of Cork. I'v. Mac Domnocha or Mac Donogh, of whom an account is given in O'Brien's Dictionary at the word Donnoch, was chief of Duhalia, now the barony of Duhallow, in the county of Cork. The Mac Donaghs were a branch of the Mac Carthys, and powerful chiefs; they were styled princes of Duhallow, and their chief residence
“Ivaugh, the most western part of Banba (Ireland),
Is the great estate of O'Mahony,
The well watered lands of fair fortresses, Extensive are the brown-nut-producing plains.
“Kinnalmeaky of the pleasant fields
About Bandon, of the fair woods,
The most warlike chief, in victory supreme, Is O'Mahony of the white foaming coast. ”
The O'Mahonys had several castles, as those of Rosbrin, Ardin tenant, Blackcastle, Ballydesmond, Dunbeacan, Dunmanus, Ring mahon, &c. , all along the sea coast. There are several respectable families of the O'Mahonys in the counties of Cork and Kerry, and many of the name, styled counts O’Mahony have beenhighly dis tinguished commanders in the Irish brigades in the service of France and Spain. VI. O’Ceallachain or O'Callaghans, given by O'Heerin as chiefs of Clair Beire, and of Kinel Aodha. Accord ing to O'Brien and O'Halloran, the territory of the O'Callaghans was called Pobul O’Callaghan, signifying O'Callaghan's people,
and extended from Mallow westward, on both sides of the Black water, in the barony of Duhallow, county of Cork, and comprised, according to Smith, the present parishes of Clonmeen and Kil shannick, an extensive territory containing about fifty thousand acres. The O'Callaghans mentioned by O'Heerin were chiefs in Kinel Aodha, now the barony of Kinnalea, and of Clar Beire, which signifies the plain of Beara, a district situated in the barony of Beare, both in the county of Cork. They are thus mentioned in the poem of O'Heerin:—
“Ar Chenel Aedha an fuinn te, O’Ceallachain Clair Beire, Fonn glaislinde co grian geal,
Fiadh is fairsinge inbhear. ”
“Over Kinnalea of the fertile lands,
Rules O'Callaghan of the plain of Beara,
A land of blue waters and bright sunshine, The country of the most expanded bay. ”
The O'Callaghans are of the Eugenian race, and took their name from their ancestor Ceallachan Cashel, the celebrated king of Munster in the tenth century, and accounts of them may be found in the Annals of Inisfallen and the Four Masters. The O'Callaghans, lords of Clonmeen, were in former times very powerful chiefs, and had their chief residenceat the castle of Clonmeen, the ruins of which still remain on a rock near the river Blackwater. Accord ing to O'Brien, at the word Pobul, the chief of the O'Callaghans was transplanted into the county of Clare, by Cromwell where he gave him a considerable property at Kilcorney, in lieu of his an cient estates. O'Brien mentions baron Louis Dennis O'Callaghan. grand Venuer to his Serene Highness the Prince Margrave of
:-
O'Mahonys powerful chiefs,
and were sometimes
The
styled princes.
were
They are thus designated by O’Heerin:—
176 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1388.
sequence of which great commotion ensued in Connaught; and Mac Donogh burned Moylurg on account of these depredations.
Baden-Baden, and some of them were also distinguished officers in the French service. There are several highly respectable families of the O'Callaghans in the county of Cork, and a branch of them in Tipperary are viscounts of Lismore. VII. O’Liathain or O'Lehan, by some rendered to Lyne and Lyons, is given by O'Heerin chief of Hy Liathain, and of Hy Nanmchadha. According to O'Brien, at the words Cuislean and Ibh Nanmcha, and also ac cording to Smith, the O’Lehans had the territory in the county of Cork, afterwards called the barony of Barrymore, from the Anglo Norman family of the Barrys, who becameits possessors. According to O'Brien, the O'Lehans took their name from one of their chiefs in the beginning of the eleventh century, named Cuilean O'Liathan, who, in A. D. 1010, built Castle Lehan, now Castlelyons, which was the chief seat of that family. The O’Lehans are thus men tioned by O'Heerin:
“Lord of Hy Lehan, a warrior of fame,
The hardy leader of the battalions of Munster, Of Hy Namcha he is lineal chief,
The host of keen arms, of high nobility. ”
Peregrine O'Mulloy, lord of Fercall (in the King's county), died.
O'Conor marched into the plain of Connaught
X. O'Donnagain or Donnegans, chiefs of Muiscrith-na-dtri-Magh,
or Muscry of the Three Plains, now the half barony of Orrery, in the county of Cork, according to O'Brien at the word Muiscrith. They are thus mentioned by O'Dugan:
“The country of O'Donnegan is certified,
The great Musery of the three plains, Which belongs to the host of polished steel, The district of charming sunny lands. ”
O’Cullenan is given by O'Brien as a chief on the same territory. The O’Cullenans were celebrated as hereditary physicians of Munster. XI. O’Hionmhuinein, chief of Tuath Saxon, is thus mentioned by O'Heerin :
“Tuath Saxon of the fair pleasant plain, To O'Hinmanen I proclaim,
A country of harbours in affluence abounding, Belong to the hardy sept of Clan Conary. ”
XII. O'Maolhleoghaidh, of the race of Corc, chief of Muiscrith VIII. O'Floin or O'Flynn, chief of Arda and Hy Bagamhna, ac Treithirne, is thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
cording to O'Heerin, and given by O'Brien, at the words Ardach and Donnchu; and by O'Halloran as chiefs of Arda, a territory in
the barony of Carbery, and also of Muiscrith Miotaine, or Muiscrigh ui-Fhloinn, a district in the barony of Muskerry, both in the county of Cork. The district in Muscry possessedby the O'Flynns, according to O'Heerin, extended from the river Dribseach, or Dripsey, to Ballymoorney. O'Maolfabhail is another chief given by O'Heerin, in the same territory. The O'Flynns are thus men tioned by O'Heerin:
“O'Flynn Arda of the blooming woods, A tribe of the purest pedigree,
Heir to the lordship is each man, They are the clan of Ibawne. ”
“Of the race of Conary of the great forces. Let us speak of the chiefs of Muscry,
A host whom the bright sun salutes
On the land of the Martineans of Munster. ”
“Muscry Trehirne of the mighty men, Rightfully belongs to the race of Corc, O'Mulbleaghain is powerful over the land, He possessesthe country of smooth plains. ”
XIII. O’Breaghain or O’Bregan, O'Glaisin, also O'Mictire and O'Coelidh, or Keeley; likewise O'Ciaran, are given by O'Heerin, O'Brien, and O'Halloran, as chiefs of Hy Mac Caille, or I Mac cuile, now the barony of Imokilly, county of Cork. O'Bregan and O'Glaisin are thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
“A valiant clan, warlike in pursuit,
Ruled Imokilly of the hospitable banquets, Two tribes possessedthe smooth plains, O'Bregan and the fair O'Glaisin. ”
XIV. O'Cuire or O'Curry, of Clan Torna, chief of Ciarraidhe Cuirc, now the barony of Kerricurrehy, in the county of Cork, is
Hy Baghamna is now the barony of Ibane and Barryroe, adjoining
Carbery. According to Windele, the O'Flynns built the castle of thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
Macroom, which was called O'Flynn's castle. The O'Flynns were of the Clanna Deaga, descended from the Ernans of Ul ster, and Eochy O'Flynn, a celebrated bard and historian is stated to be of this sept, and is mentioned in O'Reilly's Irish Writers amongst the chief bards of the tenth century, whose com positions are contained in the Books of Leacan and Ballymote. IX. Mac Amhlaidhibh or Mac Auliffe, given by O'Heerin as chief of the country from Amhain Ella westward beyond Gleann Salcain. This territory was in the barony of Duhallow, in the county of Cork, extending westward from the river Alla to the borders of Limerick. According to O'Brien, at the words Curmac, Glean Omra, and the end of the letter M. , the MacAuliffes were a branch of the Mac Carthys, and possessedthe territory called Glean Omra, in the barony of Duhallow, and that the last chief of the family was co lonel of a regiment in Spain, and died about the year 1720. Their chief seat was castle Mac Auliffe, near Newmarket. The Mac Auliffes are thus mentioned by O'Heerin:
“Far beyond the bountiful river Ella,
To the westward of Glen Salcain of stately trees, A fair land of affluence undenied ;
The territory belongs to the noble Mac Auliffe. ”
Another chief in this territory is mentioned by O'Heerin, as follows:
“An estate of the plain of Core belongs,
It is Aes Ella of the fine level land;
To the stately scion of Banba of the ringletted hair, He is O'Tedgamna of Dun Durlais. ”
“Kerricurrehy of the fair coast,
That country belongs to Clan Torna;
O'Curry obtained the fertile land,
Its green aspect is like the plains of Meath. ”
XV. O'Cobhthaidh, anglicised O'Cowhiggs or O'Cowhys, of Fuinn Cliodhna, chiefs of Triocha Meadhona, now the barony of West
Barryroe, in the county of Cork. The O'Cowhiggs were in ancient times powerful chiefs, and, according to Smith, had seven castles
along the coast in the barony of Ibawne and Barryroe. thus mentioned by O'Heerin:—
“Lord of the county of Triocha Meona,
Is O'Cowhy of the white-stoned shore, The land of Cleena is the plain of O'Cowhy, In the sea fights they are valiant foes. ”
They are
XVI O'Fichiolla or O’Fihellys, a name anglicised to Field, are also given by O'Brien as chiefs in West Barryroe. XVII. O'Baire, given by O'Heerin as chief of Muintir Baire, and by O'Halloran as chief of Aron. In O’Brien's Dictionary at the word Rinn, the O'Baires are stated to possess a territory and foreland called Muintir Baire, part of ancient Carbery, in the county of Cork. This name has been anglicised to Baery; they were of the Ithian or Lugadian race, and descended from Fathaidh Airgtheach, a king of Munster in the third century, according to O'Heerin, by whom they are thus designated:
|=
“Muintir Baire the fair fortress,
They are the race Fathaidh Airghtheach; O’Baire rules over the land waves,
Which not surpassed the smooth plains
Ithian race, and possessed ancient times the city Roscar bery and its environs; and, according Smith and Windele, Ive leary, O'Leary's country, lay Muskerry, the county Cork, between Macroom and Inchageela, where they had several castles, those Carrigafooky, Carrignaneelagh, Carrignacurra, Dundarierk and Drumcurragh XIX. The O'Heas and O'Deas,
Manainn. ”
left uncor rected the printer the foregoing part this article. XVIII. O'Laoghaire O'Learys, chiefs Hy Laoghaire Ive leary, were, according O'Brien the word ibh, the Lugadian
This name has been anglicised Barry, not Baery,
whom accounts have been already given the note Tho
the late Peter O’Connell, the compiler Irish Dictionary,
XXII. The O'Caseys are given O'Brien the word Coillte, chiefs Coillte Maibineacha, territory near Mitchelstown,
county Cork. XXIII. The O'Healy's O'Helys are given O'Brien at the word Domhnach, chiefs Domhnach Mor O'Healy, or Pobble O'Healy, large parish the barony Mus kerry, county Cork, and states that the lord chief baron, Hely Hutchinson, was descended from this family. XXIV. The O'Herlihys O'Hurleys are given O'Brien, the end the letter as chiefs district the barony Muskerry, and statesthey were hereditary wardens the church St. Gobnait
Ballyvoorny, and were possessors for many ages the large parish that name. Smith states that they were chiefs near Macroom. For further account the O'Hurleys, see note Ormond. XXV. The O'Numans are given O'Brien the letter
chiefs Tullaleis and Castlelissen, now the parish Tulli lease, the barony Duhallow, county Cork, which they were hereditary wardens St. Brendan's church. XXVI. The O'Daly's, according Smith, had the parish Kilcrohane, the barony West Carbery, county Cork, and were bards the Mac Carthys, O'Mahonys, Carews, and other great families. An account
We come our friends the race Fergus, They are entitled command our attention.
“The king Kerry over the clans Ciar,
O'Conor rules that land by right,
Chief the plain fertile fields,
From the strand the Shannon of clear streams. ”
The Ciar above-mentioned was son Fergus Mac Roy, king Ul ster, Meava, the celebrated queen Connaught, and having settled Munster, the first century, already explained the preceding part this article, became possessed the greater part the territory, afterwards called Kerry, which derived name from him, being named Ciarrioghacht, signifying Ciar's kingdom, also written Irish above, Ciarraigh, and sometimes Ciaraidh. This Ciar and his posterity the Irian race possessed the territory called Iar Mumhan, West Munster, which com prised the north-western half the present county Kerry, with
part Limerick, already explained.
Of the race Ciar were someeminent persons early times, St. Brendan Kerry,
several the O'Dalys, eminent poets Munster, found O'Reilly's Irish writers. XXVII. The Mac Egans are men tioned O'Brien the word Eagan, Brehons, the counties Cork and Kerry, under the Mac Čarthys, kings Desmond. The Mac Egans were also hereditary Brehons judges or
mond. XXVIII. The Mac Sweeneys are mentioned O'Brien the end the letter M, military commanders under the Mac Carthys, princes Desmond, who, the thirteenth century, brought body them from Tirconneil Donegal, where they
were celebrated military chiefs under the O'Donnells, and hence the head the clan was styled Mac Suibhne-na-dTuadh,
Mac Sweeney the Battle-axes. According Smith and Seward, the Mac Sweeneys had the parish Kilmurry,
REIGN OF RICHARD II.
177
(in Roscommon), burned Ard-an-Choilein, and the O’Donnell, that Torlogh the Wine, marched
island of Lough Cairgin, and slew Donal Oge Mac his forces against the Clan Murtogh (O'Conors)
Donnell, a constable of 'galloglasses, on that occasion.
Sligo, preyed and devastated the entire Car bury Drumcliff, and after had slain many,
with inscription Irish, inviting passengers repair the house Edmond Mac Sweeney for free entertainment. XXIX. The Mac Sheehys, according Smith, were warlike clan, brought from Connaught the fifteenth century the Fitzgeralds, earls Desmond, who appointed them their body guards. They were afterwards numerous the counties Cork and Limerick; some them changed the name Joy, and this family was the late judge, Baron Joy; they are supposed some
originally the same the Joyces Connemara. XXX. The O'Kearneys were clan near Kinsale, the county Cork, where they are placed the Map Ortelius, and are mentioned O'Heerin chiefs Hy Floinn. XXXI. The O'Riordans were clan note Muskerry, the county Cork, and distinguished military chiefs ancient times. Of this family was the late Dr. O'Riordan Limerick, distinguished Irish scholar, and patron
mond, are mentioned O’Brien
the word Cairbre, amongst Cork, and Smith states that the
which has been described
the note on Thomond. XXXII. The
the chiefs O'Heas were O'Donovans,
Carbery, county chiefs Pobble
O'Crowleys are mentioned Bandon, the county
whom also Thomond, likewise settled
account has been given Cork, and according
O'Hea Carbery.
XX. The the note
Smith,
Smith chiefs Kilshallow, west Cork, and originally clan from Connaught. XXXIII. The O'Murphys, originally from Wexford, are mentioned by Smith numerous clan Muskerry, and
werechi-efs Clan Cathail,
and had their chief residence Castle Donovan. XXI. O’Beice there are many respectable families the name the city
extensive district West Carbery,
given by O'Heerin chief Beantraidhe, now the barony Bantry, county Cork, and thus designated:—
O’Beice, chief the fair land,
Rules over Bantry delightful bloom, Heroes whose noble actions certify, They are the race Fergus Ulster. ”
Cork. XXXIV. The O'Aherns, O'Ronaynes, and O'Heynes, were
also old and respectable families the county Cork. Of the
O'Creaghs and O'Gradys, whom account has been given
the note Thomond, there are several respectable families the
the
the barony Muskerry, county Cork. and their chief castle the sixth century, the founder the see Ardfert, and many
Clodagh, near Macroom, and had also Castlemore, the parish Movidy. They were famous for their hospitality, and one them erected large stone near the castle Clodagh,
monasteries; and St. Carthach Mochuda, who the seventh century founded the college Lismore, Waterford, which was
long celebrated seat literature, and attended students
county
The following have beenthe chiefs and clans Kerry, an
cient and modern times. O’Concobhair O'Conors, styled O'Heerin kings princes Kerry, who thus mentions them
his topographical poem:—
“Fagbham siol Conaire cliach, Riograidhe Erna na nor sciath,
Cork.
Taile
As ceim
nucht hucht
fein Fearguis, heicheamhnuis.
“Ri Ciarraighe
O'Concobhair coir doisein,
Cele clair miodhfhuinn mir, On traigh Sionaind sruithghil.
“Let leave the race Conary
clannaibh Ceir,
battles, The princes Erma the golden shields,
of ofat
of of in of U,
of of is on of or
to ofin
ofinis of of by toto atof
ofasof toin of
as a
of
us
in
ofona
of
ofin
asina as osfar I. ofaofbyin
is,
or of
of
of of of of of
in
in
in as of
of
as
of
of
all
of
orin
of
in or ina
on
he
by as
in ofofto
of
ofon
of
as in
of to coan of
of
in
in
2 of of
Aby
of of
in
by in of
byof of
a by
to
of
as I, of
abyofinof of“ asorby
of of of of of
of or of is
of
a at of of
ofasofaof ofof
of
toof a of of or
of
of as he or
toof to
of
of anofasinofto of
as
a ofby as I
of
inby in
of
an
its
aby
to
as
in
to
of
toby
of
of in
at of
of
of a
of by
or
in
of
of be of of
in of in
on or of
in
of
in
of
a ar
or
of
in
in
of of at in at of
hea
atan an byofis inof
of
in ofor at ininof
of
or
of
in
he
as by
to
in
of as
in in of
in of in of an
ina of
to
be
to
178 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1388.
and plundered the district on that occasion, Donal, restored the hostages previously taken from Tir
son of Murtogh (O'Conor) waited on O’Donnell, made peace with him, paid him his tribute, and
from all parts of Europe. Torna Eigeas, the celebrated bard to the monarch Niall of the Hostages in the fifth century, was also of the same race. Mac Beatach, king of Ciaraidhe Luachra, the ancient name of West Kerry, fought under Brian Boru, at the battle of Clontarf. According to a printed pedigree of the O'Conors Kerry, they took their name from Con, one of their chiefs in the eleventh century, and from Ciar their great ancestor, thus mak ing the word Conciar or Comiar, anglicised O'Conor; or according to others they took their name from Conchobhar or Conor, one of their ancient chiefs. Of the O'Conors Kerry, several distin guished chiefs are mentioned in the Four Masters, and Annals of Inisfallen, from the twelfth to the sixteenth century; they were very powerful, and in ancient times styled kings and princes of Kerry. In the thirteenth century, the Fitzmaurices, earls of Kerry, got much of the possessions of the O'Conors, whose an cient principality was diminished to the territory called Oireacht ui-Chonchobhair, signifying the inheritance of O'Conor, now forming the barony of Iraghticonor. The O'Conors Kerry had several strong castles, the chief of which was that of Carrigafoile, at the small island of Carrig, near the mouth of the Shannon, but after the Eliza bethian and Cromwellian wars, most of their estates were confis cated. According to Lodge's Peerage, several of the O'Conors, lords of Kerry, were connected by marriage alliances with the Fitzmaurices, earls of Kerry, and they were also connected by intermarriages with the O'Connells of Kerry. There are several re spectable families of the O'Conors in Cork and Kerry, and someof them have been distinguished officers in the service of France and Naples. The chief representative of the ancient family of the O'Conors Kerry, and maternally descended from the O'Connells of Kerry, is Captain Daniel O'Connell O'Conor, at present an officer in the Austrian service. II. O’Donchadha or O'Donoghoes, given by O'Heerin as chiefs of Lough Lein, and also of Clan Sealbhuidhe, and thus designated in his topography, together with the O'Carrolls:
“O’Donoghoe of Lough Leine,
And of the Fleisg who are full powerful,
Rule over the Clan Shalvey,
They are men of happiness in Munster. ”
“O’Donoghoe of Lough Lein,
He is prince of that Eoganacht,
O'Carroll is there our friend, Of pure and noble origin. ”
O'Brien, at the word Donchu, states, that the Donoghoes were of the Eugenian race, and originally settled in that part of Desmond, now the county of Cork, where they possesseda large territory, extending from Iniskean to the borders of Bantry, and from thence northward to Bally vurny and Macroom, comprising the district called Iveleary (which is part of Carbery), and also a great por tion of Muskerry; but in the twelfth century, the O'Donoghoes were expelled from Cork by the Mac Carthys and O'Mahonys, and settled in Kerry, where they became proprietors of all the country about Lough Lein and Killarney. From the tenth to the thir teenth century, several distinguished chiefs of the O'Donoghoes are mentioned in the Annals of Inisfallen, and they are styled kings and princes of the Eoganacht of Lough Lein. The O'Do noghoes continued powerful chiefs down to the reign of Elizabeth, when, in consequenceof having joined the earls of Tyrone and Des mond, most of their estates were confiscated. The O'Donoghoes were divided into two great branches, namely, those of Lough Lein and those of Glenflesk, the latter called O'Donoghoe More. The O'Donoghoes, lords of Lough Lein, had their chief castle at Ross Island, on one of the lakes of Killarney, the romantic ruins of which still remain. The O'Donoghoes of Lough Lein or Ross, according to Windele, are now extinct; but the O’Donoghoe of the Glens still holds a great deal of the extensive possessions of his ancestors. Some interesting accounts of the O'Donoghoes will be found in Windele's Notices of Cork and Killarney. III. O'Domhnaill or O'Donnell, of the same race as the O'Donoghoes,
connell.
A contest arose between O’Rourke (of Leitrim)
is given by O'Heerin as a chief of Clan Shalvey, and mentioned as follows:—
“Clan Shalvey of the limpid streams, Recorded as a well known land,
Belongs to O'Donnell of the powerful hand,
Who took possession of the brown nut plain. ”
IV. The O'Carrolls, princes of Lough Lein, are mentioned by O'Heerin, and also in the Annals of Inisfallen, in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. V. O'Failbhe or O'Falvey, given by O'Heerin as chief of Corca Duibhne, and of the territory from the Mang, west ward to Fiontraigh or Ventry. Corcó Duibhne, is now the barony of Corcaguiney, in the county of Kerry. The O'Falveys are men tioned by O'Brien, at the words Corca Duibhne and Failbhe, also as lords of Ibheratha, now the barony of Iveragh in Kerry. The O'Falveys were powerful chiefs, and in ancient times held the rank of hereditary admirals of Desmond. VI. O’Seadha or O'Shea, is also given as a chief of Ibh Ratha or Iveragh. VII. O'Conghaill or O'Connell, is given by O'Heerin, as chief of Magh O g-Coinchinn, now the barony of Magonihy, in Kerry. These O'Connells it appears were a branch of the O'Connells, the ancient lords of Hy Conaill Gawra, now the baronies of Upper and Lower Conello, in the county of Limerick, which, as already stated, formed a part of West Munster. An account of the O'Connells of Clare, Limerick, and Kerry, has been given in the note on Thomond, and in Burke's History of the Commoners will be found accounts of several chiefs of the O'Connells of Kerry, who were formerly styled lords of Bally Carberry, in the barony of Iveragh. The best authorities on the ancient chiefs of Kerry, are the topo graphical accounts in O'Brien's Irish Dictionary, O'Halloran, Smith's Kerry, Windele, &c. , but particularly O'Heerin's Topo graphy of Munster, a work of undoubted authority, written in the fourteenth century, and now for the first time translated from the Irish MS. , and embodiedin those notes. The three last-men tioned chiefs are stated by O'Heerin, in his topography, to be of the race of Clan Conaire, that is the descendants of Conary II. , monarch of Ireland, in the beginning of the third century, who was of the race of the Clanna Deaga of Munster, of whom an ac count has been given in the preceding part of this article, and also in the note on Thomond, where it has been shewn that Cairbre Riada, son of the monarch Conary, in the third century, settled the Irish colony in North Britain or Alban, afterwards called Scotland, from whom were descended the ancient Scottish kings and the House of Stuart. The above chiefs are thus designated by O'Heerin:
“After the battalions of Clar Broine,
Let us treat of the clans of Conary, Fine Fenian heroes from Tulaich-an-Trir
(an ancient
name of Tara),
Rulers in Munster of the smooth flowing streams.
“Three chiefs who possessedthe lands, Of Corca Duivney of the fine forces, O'Falvey the warrior, and O'Shea,
The strengthening bond of the eastern parts.
“O'Connell of the sharp swords
Rules over the shaded fortresses of Magonihy, Like a stately tree in the hazel woods,
Is the Munster leader of the cavalry forces.
From Mang, westward, is the estate, Possessed by O'Falvey as far as Ventry, Without dispute an extensive land,
Was obtained by O'Shea, chief of Iveragh. ”
VIII. O’Laoghain, probably O'Leyne, chief of Hy Fearba; and O’Duibhduin, chief of Hy Flannain, districts in the county of Kerry, are thus mentioned by O'Heerin:—
'H
Aos Aisde Orlar Eltaigh, are thus mentioned the sugan earl, signifying the earl straw. His forces being
eerin
length defeated, and himself taken prisoner, was sent England along with Florence Mac Carthy, and imprisoned the Tower il
London, where died, 1608, and thus terminated the lustrious house Desmond. After his death the Fitzgeralds, who were the chief representatives this great family, went
Spain, became commanders the Spanish and Austrian service, and were styled Counts Desmond. Accounts the Fitzgeralds, earls Desmond, will found Smith's Histories Cork and
battle, Their chiefs are O'Neide and Clan Conary. ”
his retinue his own kindred, five hundred gentlemen the Fitzgeralds. The earl Desmond having resisted the Re formation the reign Elizabeth, and waged war against the English government, his forces after long contests were defeated,
clan the most active pitch
the plain flocks, Which the chief O'Moriarty obtained,
fair country blooming aspect, Which was possessed by O'Hinnesvan. ”
Aos Aisde
REIGN OF RICHARD II.
179
and the Mac Donoghs (of Sligo); and Donal, son of Manus, son of Malachy Mac Manus, was slain Murtogh (O’Conor), joined the Mac Donoghs by the sons of Mac Donogh and Mulroony Mac
against O’Rourke.
“O Laoghain, a warrior of fame,
We found him over Hy Fearba, O'Caithneandaigh obtained the land,
Firmly settled under the high hills of Cualan.
“Hy Flannain an extensive land,
A verdant country of delightful streams, O’Duivdin over the fertile soil,
Rules as its chief and protecting lord. ”
IX. The O'Neides and Clan Conary are given as chiefs of All traighe, or of Clar Ciarraidhe, that the Plain Kerry, and thus mentioned O'Heerin:—
“The men Alltraighe maintain, Two chiefs the plain Kerry,
Donogh.
Q'Dunodaidh O'Dunady, chief Slieve Luachra, that the district about the mountain Slievlogher, the borders Limerick and Kerry, thus mentioned O'Heerin—
“The plain Luachra, productive country, Belongs the liberal O’Dunady,
tribe hard-fighting battles, district of fair well-watered lands. ”
ğ. O'Muircheartaigh O'Moriarty, O'Hionnasbhain, Desmond, but his title not being recognised, was designated XI. and
:-
The O'Moriartys had the parish Templenoe, and some adjoining
districts in the barony Dunkerron. XII. The Mac Gillicuddys, Kerry, Mac Geoghegan's Ireland, and Lodge's Peerage. The vast
branch of the O'Sullivans, were chiefs territory the barony Dunkerron, and from them the mountains called Mac Gillicuddy’s Reeks got their name. There are several respectable families them Kerry, some whom have anglicised the name Archdeacon. The head the family styled Mac Gillicuddy
estates Gerald, earl Desmond, were confiscated the reign Elizabeth, and granted various English settlers, called planters undertakers, conditions that planter should con vey any part the lands any the mere Irish, and the Eng lish settlers were also prohibited intermarry with the Irish, and none the Irish were maintained any family. Of the from whom the parish Ballyinacelligott, the barony Trugh Desmond estates Cork and Waterford Sir Walter Raleigh got
the Reeks. XIII. The Mac Elligotts, ancient family Kerry,
enackmy, got name. Lodge's Peerage, his account grants from Elizabeth about forty thousand acres. Sir Walter the earls of Kerry, stated that the latter end the thir Raleigh resided some time near Youghal, and after his return teenth century, one the Fitzmaurices, earl Kerry, was mar from voyage America, brought with him from Virginia the pota
to-root, together with tobacco, being the first who had introduced these articles into Ireland, and planted the first potatoes field near Youghal, about 1610. The other English settlers who got grants the Desmond estates the county Cork, were
ried the daughter
others those Mac Leods
and the name was changed
that the Mac Elligotts are descended from the Scottish clan
the Mac. Leods. Some the Mac Elligotts were distinguished Arthur Robins, 18,000 acres; Fane Beecher, 12,000 acres; Hugh officers, the service foreign states, amongst others Baron Worth, 12,000 acres; Arthur Hyde, 12,000 acres; Sir Warham Mae Elligott, major-general the Austrian service, under the St. Leger, 6,000 acres; Hugh Cuffe, 6,000 acres; Sir Thomas
John Mac Leod Galway, and that the same family settled Kerry,
Mac Elligott; thus would appear
empress Maria Theresa. Some the Mac Elligotts who resided Limerick about twenty years ago, were eminent Irish scholars. XIV. The Mac Finneens, according some, branch the Mac
Norris, 6,000 acres; Sir Arthur Hyde, 6,000 acres; Thomas Say, 6,000 acres; Sir Richard Beacon, 6,000 acres; Edmond Spencer, the poet, 3,000 acres. the county Kerry the following per
Carthys, according others, the O'Sullivans; the Mac sons got grants the Desmond estates:—Sir William Herbert
Crehans; the O'Scanlans; and O'Harneys, were also clans note Kerry.
Anglo-Norman and English families Desmond. Asalready
stated, king Henry gave grant the kingdom Cork families Conway, Holly and others. Of the families who got Desmond to Robert Fitzstephen, and Milo Cogan. The the Desmondestates Limerick, an account has beengiven Fitzgeralds, descended from the Anglo-Norman chief, Maurice the note Thomond. The other principal Norman and English Fitzgerald, whom account has been given note these families the county Cork, were the Cogans, Carews, Condons, Annals, the year 1224, got large possessions Cork and Kerry, Cantons, Courcys, Barrys, Barnwalls, Barretts, Roches,
and were created earls Desmond the reign Edward III. Another branch the Fitzgeralds, also descended from Maurice Fitzgerald, becameearls Kildare. The earls Desmond be came one the most powerful families Munster, and several
them were lords deputies Ireland the fourteenth and fif teenth centuries. Gerald Fitzgerald, sixteenth earl Desmond, was one the greatest subjects Europe, held the rank Prince Palatine, with all the authority provincial king; had many strong castles, and his vast possessions extended 150 miles over the counties Cork, Kerry, Limerick, and Waterford, comprising nearly six hundred thousand acres profitable land, independent immense tracts waste lands, not surveyed,
that his entire property amounted nearly one million acres.
immense number vassals, and could raise call two thousand foot and six hundred horse, and had be
He had force
sides,
and himself was slain one Kelly, Irish soldier, glen near Castle Island, the county Kerry, the 11th No
vember, 1583; his head was cut off and sent England by Thomas Butler, earl Ormond, present the queen, who
caused ceeded phew
fixed on London bridge. His son, James, suc the title, but died soon after. James Fitzgerald, ne Gerald, earl Desmond, attempting recover the es
tates and honours his ancestors, took arms, and joined the
standard Hugh O'Neill, earl Tyrone. He was styled earl
about 13,000 acres; Charles Herbert, about 4,000 acres; Sir Valentine Brown, ancestor the earls Kenmare, about 6,000 acres Sir Edward Demy, 6,000 acres; and some grants the
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180 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1389.
A. D. 1389.
The vicar of Iniscain Louth) died.
Niall Oge O'Neill was taken prisoner English.
the
Maurice Maol O’Conor Fairly was slain by the cast javelin, the church Cluan Dathorc," man the O’Kellys Legi (Leix, Queen's
county).
Mac Gibbons, and Fitzgibbons, branches the Fitzgeralds; the
Flemmings, Sarsfields, Nagles, Martells, Percivals, Russells,
Pigotts, Prendergasts, Lombards, Lavallans, Morgans, Cottors,
Meaghs, Murroghs, Supples, Stackpoles, Whites, Warrens, modern times the Fieldings, earls Denbigh England, have the Hodnetts, Hardings, Fields, Beechers, Hydes, Jephsons, Garretts,
Kents, Delahides, de Spencers, Deanes, Daunts, Vincents, Gardi ners, Beamishes, Courtnays, Cuffes, Cores, Hores, Newenhams, &c. The Coppingers, Goulds, Gallways, Skiddys, and Terrys, considered O'Brien, Windele, and others, Danish
title earls Desmond. may remarked that the O'Briens, earls Thomond, have their chief residence the county Cork. the reign Richard II. , Edward Plantagenet, son king Edward III. , was created earl Cork, and Richard Plantagenet, duke York, viceroy Ireland 1449, was also earl Cork;
descent, were former times very numerous and powerful fami
and may here remarked, that the royal family, the dukes lies Cork, and vast number them were lord mayors that of Clarence are earls of Munster. The Carews were created mar
city, from the fourteenth the seventeenthcentury, may seen Smith's History Cork. The Courcys were barons Kin
sale, and some the family took the Irish name Mac Patrick, being descendants one the earls named Patrick. The de Barrys, Anglo-Normans, became earls Barrymore, and gave name the baronies Barrymore and Barryroe; some them took the name Mac David. The Anglo-Norman family
quesses Cork. The Mac Carthys were earls Clancare, earls Clancarthy, earls Muskerry, and earls Mountcashel. The
Barrys, barons Olethan, viscounts Buttevant, and earls Barrymore. The Roches, barons Castlelough, and viscounts Fermoy. The Boyles, barons Youghal, Bandon, Broghill, and Castlemartyr, viscounts Dungarvan and Kinnalmeaky, earls
Cork, Orrery, and Shannon, and earls Burlington England. The Percivals, barons Duhallow, Kanturk, and Arden, and earls Egmont. The St. Legers, viscounts Doneraile; the Touchets, earls Castlehaven; the Bernards, earls Bandon;
The Courcys, barons Kinsale and Ringrone; the Fitzgeralds, earls Desmond, barons Decies, and seneschals Imokilly. One the family Preston was created earl Desmond, and
Rupe Roche became viscounts Fermoy, and their ter
ritory was called Roche's country; several them were distin
guished officers the Irish Brigade the service France, and
others the Spanish and Sardinian service. The Sarsfields, the Whites, viscounts Bearhaven, and earls Bantry; the Anglo-Normans, settled Cork, and also Limerick, and the
fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, several them were lord mayors
Cork, and also Dublin; the Sarsfields Limerick were created viscounts Kilmallock, the first who got the title being sir Dominick Sarsfield, chief justice the common pleas, the reign James Patrick Sarsfield the same family was created earl Lucan by James II. , under whom he was cele brated commander the Irish forces. Many the Sars fields were distinguished generals the service France and Spain; and may here mentioned, that some the Lacy's and Browns Limerick were amongst the most celebrated mi litary commanders Europe, the eighteenth century, mar shals and generals the Russian and Austrian service. The Barretts gave name the barony Barretts; and the Condons
the barony Condons. The Barnwalls, Anglo-Normans, were styled lords Bearhaven, and had large possessions that district, but were expelled by the O'Sullivans, and having settled
Dublin and Meath, founded several great families, the Barn walls, barons Trimblestown and Turvey, and viscounts Kings land. Some the family Hodnett took the Irish name Mac Sherry, and their chief residence was Court Mac Sherry from the Magners, Castle Magner got its name; and from the Hydes, Castlehyde. The Nagels had extensive possessions, and from them the Nagles mountains derive their name; this family was sir Richard Nagle, attorney-general James II. The Daunts, descended from the ancient family Daunt, Glouces tershire, held the lands Tracton Abbey, which were leased Thomas Daunt by sir Warham St. Leger, the reign Elizabeth. William Daunt, his brother, had also part those lands, and from these brothers are descended the Daunts Newboro’, Slieve roe, Fahalea, Kilcaskan, and Tracton Abbey.
The following have been the chief Anglo-Norman and English families Kerry. The Fitzmaurices, earls Kerry, descended from Raymond Gros, celebrated warrior who came over with Strongbow. Raymond having formed alliance with Dermod Mac Carthy, king Desmond, got large grants lands Kerry,
the territory called Lixnaw, which, from being possessed his son Maurice, got the name Clanmaurice. From Maurice were descended the Fitzmaurices, earls Kerry. The other principal English families were the Herberts, Browns, Stacks, Blenner hassetts, Crosbies, Dennys, Gunns, Godfreys, Morrises, Rices, Springs, &c.
Nobility. The following have been the noble families the county Cork, from the reign king John the present time.
Berkleys and Chetwynds, viscounts Bearhaven; the Brodericks, viscounts Middleton; the Moores, earls Charleville; and the Moores, earls Mountcashell; the Kings, earls Kingston the O'Callaghans, viscounts Lismore Waterford, are originally from Cork; the Evanses, barons Carbery; the Deanes, barons
Muskerry; the Tonsons, barons Riversdale; and the family Cavendish, barons Waterpark.
In Kerry the following have been the noble families since the reign king John. The Fitzmaurices, barons Lixnaw and O'Dorney, viscounts Clanmaurice, and earls Kerry; the
Pettys Fitzmaurice Pettys, barons Dunkerron, viscounts Clanmaurice, earls Kerry, earls Shelburne, and marquesses Lansdown England; the Fitzgeralds, knights Kerry; the
Browns, earls Kenmare, and viscounts Castleross; the Her berts, barons Castleisland; the Gages, viscounts Castle island; the Childs, viscounts Castlemaine, and earls Tylney England; the Monsons and Palmers, viscounts Castlemaine; the Powers, viscounts Valentia; the Annesleys, viscounts Valentia; the Crosbies, viscounts Brandon, and earls Glan dore; the Wynnes, barons Headley; the Moleynes, barons Ventry; the Hares, barons Ennismore, and earls Listowel; and Thomas Spring Rice, baron Monteagle
Desmond was formed into the counties
the reign king John, 1210, but
comprised those two counties, description can given the limits this article, beyond the remark, that the inland and ocean scenery those counties grand and beautiful, and that their extensive bays and noble harbours are amongst the finest any country. Down late century ago, the mountains of Cork and Kerry were covered with ancient forests oak, ash, pine, alder, birch, hazel, and yews immense size, and afforded
retreats wolves, and numerous herds red deer. Of the majes tic mountains and magnificent lakes Kerry needless speak, celebrated they are for sublime scenery and surpassing beauty.
Ecclesiastical divisions. —The following are the bishops' sees Cork and Kerry
The see Cork was founded by St. Barr, called Fin-Barr,
the beginning the seventh century. The diocese comprises,
together with the city, large portion the county
The see Cloyne was founded the latter end beginning the seventh century, St. Colman,
Cork. the sixth, disciple
St. Fin-Barr Cork. Cloyne called Irish Cluan Uama, sig nifying the Retreat the Cave, and latinised Cluanvania. The
Brandon.
Cork and Kerry,
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Malachy Cam O'Loghlin, lord of Corcomroe Clare), was treacherously slain his own
Owen O’Rourke, and the sons Cathal Oge O'Conor, havinggone Caislean-an-uabhair, there
met with the cavalry Muintir Hely, which
the translator these Annals has, together with transcribing
borother.
rk.
The see
tury St.
