]
officers of the army and the most distinguished MAGNES (Máyvns), one of the most im-
civilians of the court were invited.
officers of the army and the most distinguished MAGNES (Máyvns), one of the most im-
civilians of the court were invited.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - b
vey.
The few Roman people bestowed upon him the Roman
particulars known concerning him will be found franchise, and elected two of his sons to the prae-
collected and discussed by the Abbé Belley in the torship. (Vell. Pat. ii. 16. )
Hist. de l'Acad. des Inscr. vol. xxxvi. p. 19, also by 4. P. Magius, tribune of the plebs B. C. 87, is
Thrige, Res Cyrenensium, and more fully and cri- mentioned by Cicero (Brut. 48) in the list of
tically by Droysen, Hellenismus, vol. i. p. 417, orators of that time. Cicero speaks of him as the
vol
. ii. pp. 242-248. It is worthy of notice that colleague of M. Virgilius, but Plutarch (Sull. 10)
the name of Magas is found in an Indian inscrip calls his colleague Virginius.
tion on a rock near Peshawer. (Droysen, vol. ii. 5. Magius, a praefect of Piso in Gaul (Cic.
p. 321. )
de Orat. ii. 60. )
The chronology of the reign of Magas is very 6. L. Magius, the companion of L. Fannius,
uncertain: in the dates above given, the authority deserted from the army of Flavius Fimbria in Asia,
of Droysen has been followed. Niebuhr, on the and went over to Mithridates. An account of this
contrary (Kl. Schrift. p. 236), places the commence- Magius is given under Fannius, No. 4.
ment of his reign after the battle of Ipsus.
7. Cn. Marius and Magia, the son and
He left only one daughter, Berenice, afterwards daughter of Dinaea, a woman of Larinum. Magia
the wife of Ptolemy Euergetes. Besides the Syrian was married to Oppianicus. (Cic pro Cluent. 7, 12. )
A pama already mentioned, he had a second wife, 8. NUMERIUS Magius (erroneously called in
Arsinoë, who survived him. (Just. xxvi. 3 ; and Caesar Cn. Magius), of Cremona, was praefectus
see Niebuhr, Kl. Schrift
. p. 230, note. )
fabrum in the army of Pompey at the breaking out
2. A grandson of the preceding, being a son of of the civil war in B. c. 49. He was apprehended
Ptolemy Euergetes and Berenice. He was put to by Caesar's troops while he was on his journey to
death by his brother Ptolemy Philopator, soon join Pompey at Brundisium, and Caesar availed
after the accession of the latter, at the instigation himself of the opportunity to send by means of
of Sosibius. (Polyb. v. 34, xv. 25. ) [E. H. B. ] Magius offers of peace to Pompey, who was theu
MAGENTE'NUS, or MAGENTI'NUS LEO. at Brundisium. (Caes. B. C. i. 24; Caes. ad Att.
(LEO, p. 744, No. 17. )
ix. 13. & 8, ix. 13, A, ix. 7, c. )
MA'GIA GENS, plebeian, was of Campanian 9. L. Magius, a rhetorician, who married a
origin, and one of the most distinguished houses at daughter of the historian Livy. (Senec. Controv.
Capua in the time of the second Punic war. (Comp. lib. v. Prooem. )
Cic. de Leg. Agr. ü. 34, in Pison. 11. ) At Rome 10. Magius CELER VELLEIANUS, a brother of
none of its members ever obtained any of the the historian Velleius Paterculus, must have been
higher offices of the state. Chilo or Culo is the adopted by a Magius Celer. He served as legate to
only cognomen which occurs in the gens in the Tiberius in the Dalmatian war, A. D. 9, and shared
time of the republic.
in the honours of his commander's triumph. At
MA'GIUS. 1. Decius Magius, one of the the time of Augustus's death (A. D. 14) he and his
most distinguished men at Capua in the time of the brother were the candidati Caesaris ” for the prae-
second Punic war, and the leader of the Roman | torship. (Vell. Pat. ii. 115, 121, 124. )
3 м 2
## p. 900 (#916) ############################################
900
MAGNES.
MAGNENTIUS.
MAGIUS CAECILIANUS. (CAECILIANUS. ) | sovereign, not one trait of humanity gure indication
MAGNA MATER. (RHEA. )
that the Christianity which he professed had ever
MAGNENTIUS, Roman emperor in the West, touched his heart. The power which he obtained
A. D. 350—353. Flavius Popilius Magnen by treachery and murder he maintained hy extor-
rius, according to the accounts preserved by Victor tion and cruelty, rendered, if possible, more odious
and Zosimus, belonged to one of those German by a hypocritical assumption of good-natured
families who were transported across the Rhine, frankness. (Julian. Orat. i. ii. ; Liban. Orat. x. ;
and established in Gaul, about the end of the third Amm. Marc. xiv. 5; Aurel. Vict. de Caes. 41, 42,
century ; according to the statement of Julian, Epit. 41, 42; Eutrop x. 6,7: Zosim. ii. 41–54;
which is not irreconcilable with the former, he was Zonar, xii. 5—9; Socrat. II. E. ii. 32 ; Sozomen.
a captive taken in war by Constantius Chlorus, or H. E. iv. 7. )
(W. R. )
Constantine. Under the latter he served with MAGNES (Máms). 1. A son of Aeolus and
reputation in many wars, rose eventually to the Enarete, became the father of Polydectes and
dignity of count, and was entrusted by Constans Dictys by a Naind. (Apollod. i. 7. $ 3, 9. $ 6, i.
with the command of the famous Jovian and Her-3. $ 3. ) The scholiast of Euripides (Phoen. 1760)
culian battalions who had replaced the ancient calls his wife Philodicc, and his sons Furynomus
praetorian guards when the empire was remodelled and Eioncus ; but Eustathius (ad Ilom. p. 338)
by Diocletian. His ambition was probably first calls his wife Meliboea, and mentions one son
roused by perceiving the frailty of the tenure under Alector, and adds that he called the town of Me-
which the weak and indolent prince whom he liboca. , at the foot of mount Pelion, after his wife,
served held power; and having associated himself | and the country of Magnesin after his own name.
with Marcellinus, chancellor of the imperial ex- 2. A son of Argos and Perimele, and father of
chequer (comes sacrarum largitionum), a plot was Hymenaeus; from him also a portion of Thessaly
deliberately contrived and carefully matured. A derived its name Magnesia (Anton. Lib. 23. )
great feast was given by Marcellinus at Autun on 3. A son of Zeus and Thyia, and brother of
the 18th of January, a. d. 350, ostensibly to cele- Macedon. (Steph. Byz. s. v. Makedovia, with the
brate the birthday of his son, to which the chief commentators. )
(L. S.
]
officers of the army and the most distinguished MAGNES (Máyvns), one of the most im-
civilians of the court were invited. When the portant of the earlier Athenian comic poets of the
night was far spent, Magnentius, who had quitted old comedy, was a native of the demus of Icaria
the apartment under some pretext, suddenly re- or Icarius, in Attica. (Suid. s. v. ) He is men-
appeared clad in royal robes, and was instantly tioned by Aristotle (Poël. 3) in such a manner as
saluted as Augustus by the conspirators, whose to imply that he was contemporary, or nearly so,
acclamations were caught up and echoed almost with Chionides. An anonymous writer on comedy
unconsciously by the remainder of the guests. (p. 28) places him intermediate between Epichar-
The emissaries despatched to murder Constans mus and Cratinus. Suidas states that he was con-
having sticceeded in accomplishing their purpose temporary, as a young man, with Epicharmus in
(CONSTANS, p. 828), the troops no longer hesitated his old age. His recent death, at an advanced
to follow their leaders, the peaceful portion of the age, is referred to in the K’nights of Aristophanes
population did not resist the example of the sol(524), which was written in B. C. 423. From
diery, and thus the authority of the usurper was these statements it may be inferred that he flou-
almost instantly acknowledged throughout Gaul, rished about Ol. 80, B. C. 460, and onwards. The
and quickly extended over all the Western programmarian Diomedes is evidently quite wrong in
vinces, except Illyria, where Vetranio, the imperial joining him with Susarion and Myllus (iii. p. 486).
general (VETRANIO), had himself assumed the The most important testimony respecting Magnes
purple. Intelligence of these events was quickly is the passage of the Knights just referred to, in
conveyed to Constantius, who hurried from the which Aristophanes upbraids the Athenians for
frontier of Persia to vindicate the honour of his their inconstancy towards the poet, who had been
house, by crushing this double rebellion. The extremely popular, but lived to find himself out of
events which followed—the fruitless attempts of fashion (vv. 520–525):-
the two pretenders to negotiate a peace-the sub- Τούτο μεν ειδώς άπαθε Μάγνης άμα ταϊς πολιαϊς
mission of Vetranio at Sardica--the distress of
Constantius in Pannonia, which induced him in his "Ος πλείστα χορών των αντιπάλων νίκης έστησε
κατιούσαις,
turn, but fruitlessly, to make overtures to bis oppo-
nent-the defeat of Magnentius at the sanguinary. Πάσας δ' υμίν φωνάς δεις και ψάλλων και πτερυ-
τροπαια:
battle of Mursa on the Drave, in the autumn of
Α. D. 351, followed by the loss of Italy, Sicils, Και λυδίζων και ψηνίζων και βαπτόμενος βατρα-
γίων
Africa, and Spain--his second defeat in the passes
χείοις
of the Cottian Alps--the defection of Gaul-and
his death by his
own hands about the middle or | Ουκ εξήρκεσεν, αλλά τελευτών επί γήρως, ου γάρ
εφ' ήβης,
August, A. D. 353, are fully detailed in other
articles. [CONSTANTIUS, p. 847; DECENTIUS,
Εξεβλήθη πρεσβύτης ων, ότι του σκώπτειν άπε-
λείφθη.
DesideriuS, NEPOTIANUS, VETRANIO. )
Magnentius was a man of commanding stature These lines, taken in connexion with the state-
and great bodily strength, was well educated, and ments of ancient writers, and the extant titles of
accomplished, fond of literature, an animated and the plays of Magnes, give us a fair notion of his
impressive speaker, a bold soldier, and a skilful style. The allusions in the third and fourth lines
general. But, however striking his physical and are said by a scholiast to be to his plays entitled
intellectual advantages, however conspicuous his | Βαρβίτιδες, 'Ορνιθες, Λυδοί Ψήνες, and Βάτραχοι
merits when in a subordinate station, not one spark It is evident, therefore, that his plays contained a
of virtue relieved the blackness of his career as a large portion of the mimetic element, in the exhibi-
## p. 901 (#917) ############################################
MAGNUS.
901
MAGNCS.
tion of which, as the age at which he wrote, and of the charge was never ascertained, for all who
the testimony of the grammarian, Diomedes (iii. were impeached, or who were open to the most
p. 486), cuncur in establishing, there was a great remote suspicion, were instantly put to death with-
deal of coarse buffoonery. The concluding words out trial or investigation, without being allowed to
of Aristophanes, TI TO OKMATELY Atencioon, confess their guil, or to assert their innocence.
especially as they occur in a sort of apologetic ad. The statement that the whole senate were parties
dress by that poet, who, through his whole career, to the scheme is, considering the nature and cir-
prided himself on his less frequent indulgence in cumstances of the case, an extravagant hyperbole,
the extravagant jests in wbich other comedians contradicted by the very details of the narrative,
were addicted, gave some countenance to the sup- although doubtless from the well-known hatred
position that Magnes had attempted a similar re- entertained by that body towards the sanguinary
striction upon his comic licence during the latter tyrank they would have rejuiced in any event
period of his life, and had suffered, as Aristophanes which might have caused his destruction. (Hero-
himself was always exposed to suffer, for not pan- dian. vii. 2 ; Capitolin. Narimin. duo, 10. ) (W. R. ]
dering sufficiently to the taste of his audience. MAGNUS ( Máyvos), the name of several phy-
The words may, however, refer simply to the de- sicians, whom it is difficult to distinguish with
cline of his comic powers.
certainty. (See Fabric. Bibl. Gracc. vol. xiii. p.
According to Suidas and Eudocia, Magnes ex- 313, ed. vet. ; C. G. Kühn, Additam. ad Elench.
hibited nine plays, and gained two victories, a Medicor. Vet. a J. A. Fubricio exhibit. ; Guidot,
statement obviously inconsistent with the second Notes to Theophilus, De Urin. ; Haller, Bill. Med.
line of the above extract from Aristophanes. The Pract. vol. iv. p. 203. )
anonymous writer (l. c. ) assigns to him eleven vic- 1. A native of Antiochia Mygdonica (called
tories, and states that none of his dramas were more frequently Nisibis), in Mesopotamia, who
preserved, but that nine were falsely ascribed to studied medicine under Zenon, and was a fellow-
him. (Comp. Athen. xiv. p. 646, e. ) Some of these pupil of Oribasius and Ionicus, in the latter half of
spurious dramas seem to have been founded on the the fourth century after Christ. Eunapius, who
titles, and perhaps on some remains, of his genuine has given a short account of his life (De Vit. Philos.
plays. (Suid. 8. o. Audífw).
p. 168, ed. 1568), says that he lectured on medicine
It is worthy of notice that Magnes is the earliest at Alexandria, where he enjoyed a great reputa-
comic poet of whom we find any victories recorded. tion, though not so much for his practical skill as
(Comp. Aristot. Poet. 5. )
for his eloquence and power of argument. He is
Only a few titles of his works are extant. Of probably the person who wrote a work on the
those mentioned by the scholiast on Aristophanes, Urine, which is mentioned by Theophilus (De Urin.
the Baptitudes should probably be corrected to praef. and c. 3, 9) and Joannes Actuarius (De Urin,
Bapttiotal ; and the play was no doubt a satire on i. 2). If so, he bore the title 'lat pooopiotńs
certain musicians who were fond of the lyre called (Theoph. l. c. ). He is also probably the physician
barbiton. The Audol seems to have been an attack mentioned by Philostorgius (Hist. Eccles. viii. 8)
on the voluptuous dances of the Lydians. (Suid. as living at Alexandria in great repute, in the time
8. v. Avdol ; Hesych. s. v. Auditwv; Athen. xv. p. of Valentinian and Valens.
690, c; Pollux, vii. 188. ) The Vñves took its 2. A native of Ephesus, in Lydia, from the
name from a sort of gall fly which infested the fig; second book of whose letters (“ Epistolae") Caelius
and both it and the Bátpaxou belong to a class of Aurelianus quotes (De Morb. Acut. iii. 14. p. 225)
titles common enough with the Attic comedians; a short passage, relating to hydrophobia. He is
but we have no indication of their contents. There perhaps the same physician who is clsewhere
are a few other titles, namely, Alóvuoos, of which quoted by Caelius Aurelianus (De Morb. Acut. ii.
there were two editions, and which should perhaps 10, p. 96), and said to have belonged to the medical
be assigned to Crates (Athen. ix. p. 367, f. , xiv. sect of the Methodici, and to have lived before
p. 646, e. ; Poll. vi. 79), Nitakis, or Nutarlons Agathinus, and therefore in the first century after
(Suid. vol. ii. p. 640 ; Phot. s. v. vûv dň ; the true Christ.
form of this title is quite uncertain), Ποάστρια 3. A native of Philadelphia in Lydia, whose
(Schol. ad Plat. p. 336, Bekker), and rarewuvo medical formulae are quoted by the younger
maxia, a title which does not well agree with what Andromachus, and who must therefore have lived
we know of the character of the plays of Magnes. in or before the first century after Christ. (Galen,
(Eudoc. p. 302. ) The extant fragments of Magnes De Compos. Medicam. sec. Locos, vii. 4, vol. xiji.
scarcely exceed half a dozen lines. (Meineke, Frag. p. 80. ) He is also mentioned elsewhere in Galen's
Com. Gruec. vol. i. pp. 29—35, vol. ii. pp. 9–11; works (vol. xiii. pp. 296, 829).
Fabric. Bill. Graec. vol. ii. p. 453 ; Bode, Gesch. d.
particulars known concerning him will be found franchise, and elected two of his sons to the prae-
collected and discussed by the Abbé Belley in the torship. (Vell. Pat. ii. 16. )
Hist. de l'Acad. des Inscr. vol. xxxvi. p. 19, also by 4. P. Magius, tribune of the plebs B. C. 87, is
Thrige, Res Cyrenensium, and more fully and cri- mentioned by Cicero (Brut. 48) in the list of
tically by Droysen, Hellenismus, vol. i. p. 417, orators of that time. Cicero speaks of him as the
vol
. ii. pp. 242-248. It is worthy of notice that colleague of M. Virgilius, but Plutarch (Sull. 10)
the name of Magas is found in an Indian inscrip calls his colleague Virginius.
tion on a rock near Peshawer. (Droysen, vol. ii. 5. Magius, a praefect of Piso in Gaul (Cic.
p. 321. )
de Orat. ii. 60. )
The chronology of the reign of Magas is very 6. L. Magius, the companion of L. Fannius,
uncertain: in the dates above given, the authority deserted from the army of Flavius Fimbria in Asia,
of Droysen has been followed. Niebuhr, on the and went over to Mithridates. An account of this
contrary (Kl. Schrift. p. 236), places the commence- Magius is given under Fannius, No. 4.
ment of his reign after the battle of Ipsus.
7. Cn. Marius and Magia, the son and
He left only one daughter, Berenice, afterwards daughter of Dinaea, a woman of Larinum. Magia
the wife of Ptolemy Euergetes. Besides the Syrian was married to Oppianicus. (Cic pro Cluent. 7, 12. )
A pama already mentioned, he had a second wife, 8. NUMERIUS Magius (erroneously called in
Arsinoë, who survived him. (Just. xxvi. 3 ; and Caesar Cn. Magius), of Cremona, was praefectus
see Niebuhr, Kl. Schrift
. p. 230, note. )
fabrum in the army of Pompey at the breaking out
2. A grandson of the preceding, being a son of of the civil war in B. c. 49. He was apprehended
Ptolemy Euergetes and Berenice. He was put to by Caesar's troops while he was on his journey to
death by his brother Ptolemy Philopator, soon join Pompey at Brundisium, and Caesar availed
after the accession of the latter, at the instigation himself of the opportunity to send by means of
of Sosibius. (Polyb. v. 34, xv. 25. ) [E. H. B. ] Magius offers of peace to Pompey, who was theu
MAGENTE'NUS, or MAGENTI'NUS LEO. at Brundisium. (Caes. B. C. i. 24; Caes. ad Att.
(LEO, p. 744, No. 17. )
ix. 13. & 8, ix. 13, A, ix. 7, c. )
MA'GIA GENS, plebeian, was of Campanian 9. L. Magius, a rhetorician, who married a
origin, and one of the most distinguished houses at daughter of the historian Livy. (Senec. Controv.
Capua in the time of the second Punic war. (Comp. lib. v. Prooem. )
Cic. de Leg. Agr. ü. 34, in Pison. 11. ) At Rome 10. Magius CELER VELLEIANUS, a brother of
none of its members ever obtained any of the the historian Velleius Paterculus, must have been
higher offices of the state. Chilo or Culo is the adopted by a Magius Celer. He served as legate to
only cognomen which occurs in the gens in the Tiberius in the Dalmatian war, A. D. 9, and shared
time of the republic.
in the honours of his commander's triumph. At
MA'GIUS. 1. Decius Magius, one of the the time of Augustus's death (A. D. 14) he and his
most distinguished men at Capua in the time of the brother were the candidati Caesaris ” for the prae-
second Punic war, and the leader of the Roman | torship. (Vell. Pat. ii. 115, 121, 124. )
3 м 2
## p. 900 (#916) ############################################
900
MAGNES.
MAGNENTIUS.
MAGIUS CAECILIANUS. (CAECILIANUS. ) | sovereign, not one trait of humanity gure indication
MAGNA MATER. (RHEA. )
that the Christianity which he professed had ever
MAGNENTIUS, Roman emperor in the West, touched his heart. The power which he obtained
A. D. 350—353. Flavius Popilius Magnen by treachery and murder he maintained hy extor-
rius, according to the accounts preserved by Victor tion and cruelty, rendered, if possible, more odious
and Zosimus, belonged to one of those German by a hypocritical assumption of good-natured
families who were transported across the Rhine, frankness. (Julian. Orat. i. ii. ; Liban. Orat. x. ;
and established in Gaul, about the end of the third Amm. Marc. xiv. 5; Aurel. Vict. de Caes. 41, 42,
century ; according to the statement of Julian, Epit. 41, 42; Eutrop x. 6,7: Zosim. ii. 41–54;
which is not irreconcilable with the former, he was Zonar, xii. 5—9; Socrat. II. E. ii. 32 ; Sozomen.
a captive taken in war by Constantius Chlorus, or H. E. iv. 7. )
(W. R. )
Constantine. Under the latter he served with MAGNES (Máms). 1. A son of Aeolus and
reputation in many wars, rose eventually to the Enarete, became the father of Polydectes and
dignity of count, and was entrusted by Constans Dictys by a Naind. (Apollod. i. 7. $ 3, 9. $ 6, i.
with the command of the famous Jovian and Her-3. $ 3. ) The scholiast of Euripides (Phoen. 1760)
culian battalions who had replaced the ancient calls his wife Philodicc, and his sons Furynomus
praetorian guards when the empire was remodelled and Eioncus ; but Eustathius (ad Ilom. p. 338)
by Diocletian. His ambition was probably first calls his wife Meliboea, and mentions one son
roused by perceiving the frailty of the tenure under Alector, and adds that he called the town of Me-
which the weak and indolent prince whom he liboca. , at the foot of mount Pelion, after his wife,
served held power; and having associated himself | and the country of Magnesin after his own name.
with Marcellinus, chancellor of the imperial ex- 2. A son of Argos and Perimele, and father of
chequer (comes sacrarum largitionum), a plot was Hymenaeus; from him also a portion of Thessaly
deliberately contrived and carefully matured. A derived its name Magnesia (Anton. Lib. 23. )
great feast was given by Marcellinus at Autun on 3. A son of Zeus and Thyia, and brother of
the 18th of January, a. d. 350, ostensibly to cele- Macedon. (Steph. Byz. s. v. Makedovia, with the
brate the birthday of his son, to which the chief commentators. )
(L. S.
]
officers of the army and the most distinguished MAGNES (Máyvns), one of the most im-
civilians of the court were invited. When the portant of the earlier Athenian comic poets of the
night was far spent, Magnentius, who had quitted old comedy, was a native of the demus of Icaria
the apartment under some pretext, suddenly re- or Icarius, in Attica. (Suid. s. v. ) He is men-
appeared clad in royal robes, and was instantly tioned by Aristotle (Poël. 3) in such a manner as
saluted as Augustus by the conspirators, whose to imply that he was contemporary, or nearly so,
acclamations were caught up and echoed almost with Chionides. An anonymous writer on comedy
unconsciously by the remainder of the guests. (p. 28) places him intermediate between Epichar-
The emissaries despatched to murder Constans mus and Cratinus. Suidas states that he was con-
having sticceeded in accomplishing their purpose temporary, as a young man, with Epicharmus in
(CONSTANS, p. 828), the troops no longer hesitated his old age. His recent death, at an advanced
to follow their leaders, the peaceful portion of the age, is referred to in the K’nights of Aristophanes
population did not resist the example of the sol(524), which was written in B. C. 423. From
diery, and thus the authority of the usurper was these statements it may be inferred that he flou-
almost instantly acknowledged throughout Gaul, rished about Ol. 80, B. C. 460, and onwards. The
and quickly extended over all the Western programmarian Diomedes is evidently quite wrong in
vinces, except Illyria, where Vetranio, the imperial joining him with Susarion and Myllus (iii. p. 486).
general (VETRANIO), had himself assumed the The most important testimony respecting Magnes
purple. Intelligence of these events was quickly is the passage of the Knights just referred to, in
conveyed to Constantius, who hurried from the which Aristophanes upbraids the Athenians for
frontier of Persia to vindicate the honour of his their inconstancy towards the poet, who had been
house, by crushing this double rebellion. The extremely popular, but lived to find himself out of
events which followed—the fruitless attempts of fashion (vv. 520–525):-
the two pretenders to negotiate a peace-the sub- Τούτο μεν ειδώς άπαθε Μάγνης άμα ταϊς πολιαϊς
mission of Vetranio at Sardica--the distress of
Constantius in Pannonia, which induced him in his "Ος πλείστα χορών των αντιπάλων νίκης έστησε
κατιούσαις,
turn, but fruitlessly, to make overtures to bis oppo-
nent-the defeat of Magnentius at the sanguinary. Πάσας δ' υμίν φωνάς δεις και ψάλλων και πτερυ-
τροπαια:
battle of Mursa on the Drave, in the autumn of
Α. D. 351, followed by the loss of Italy, Sicils, Και λυδίζων και ψηνίζων και βαπτόμενος βατρα-
γίων
Africa, and Spain--his second defeat in the passes
χείοις
of the Cottian Alps--the defection of Gaul-and
his death by his
own hands about the middle or | Ουκ εξήρκεσεν, αλλά τελευτών επί γήρως, ου γάρ
εφ' ήβης,
August, A. D. 353, are fully detailed in other
articles. [CONSTANTIUS, p. 847; DECENTIUS,
Εξεβλήθη πρεσβύτης ων, ότι του σκώπτειν άπε-
λείφθη.
DesideriuS, NEPOTIANUS, VETRANIO. )
Magnentius was a man of commanding stature These lines, taken in connexion with the state-
and great bodily strength, was well educated, and ments of ancient writers, and the extant titles of
accomplished, fond of literature, an animated and the plays of Magnes, give us a fair notion of his
impressive speaker, a bold soldier, and a skilful style. The allusions in the third and fourth lines
general. But, however striking his physical and are said by a scholiast to be to his plays entitled
intellectual advantages, however conspicuous his | Βαρβίτιδες, 'Ορνιθες, Λυδοί Ψήνες, and Βάτραχοι
merits when in a subordinate station, not one spark It is evident, therefore, that his plays contained a
of virtue relieved the blackness of his career as a large portion of the mimetic element, in the exhibi-
## p. 901 (#917) ############################################
MAGNUS.
901
MAGNCS.
tion of which, as the age at which he wrote, and of the charge was never ascertained, for all who
the testimony of the grammarian, Diomedes (iii. were impeached, or who were open to the most
p. 486), cuncur in establishing, there was a great remote suspicion, were instantly put to death with-
deal of coarse buffoonery. The concluding words out trial or investigation, without being allowed to
of Aristophanes, TI TO OKMATELY Atencioon, confess their guil, or to assert their innocence.
especially as they occur in a sort of apologetic ad. The statement that the whole senate were parties
dress by that poet, who, through his whole career, to the scheme is, considering the nature and cir-
prided himself on his less frequent indulgence in cumstances of the case, an extravagant hyperbole,
the extravagant jests in wbich other comedians contradicted by the very details of the narrative,
were addicted, gave some countenance to the sup- although doubtless from the well-known hatred
position that Magnes had attempted a similar re- entertained by that body towards the sanguinary
striction upon his comic licence during the latter tyrank they would have rejuiced in any event
period of his life, and had suffered, as Aristophanes which might have caused his destruction. (Hero-
himself was always exposed to suffer, for not pan- dian. vii. 2 ; Capitolin. Narimin. duo, 10. ) (W. R. ]
dering sufficiently to the taste of his audience. MAGNUS ( Máyvos), the name of several phy-
The words may, however, refer simply to the de- sicians, whom it is difficult to distinguish with
cline of his comic powers.
certainty. (See Fabric. Bibl. Gracc. vol. xiii. p.
According to Suidas and Eudocia, Magnes ex- 313, ed. vet. ; C. G. Kühn, Additam. ad Elench.
hibited nine plays, and gained two victories, a Medicor. Vet. a J. A. Fubricio exhibit. ; Guidot,
statement obviously inconsistent with the second Notes to Theophilus, De Urin. ; Haller, Bill. Med.
line of the above extract from Aristophanes. The Pract. vol. iv. p. 203. )
anonymous writer (l. c. ) assigns to him eleven vic- 1. A native of Antiochia Mygdonica (called
tories, and states that none of his dramas were more frequently Nisibis), in Mesopotamia, who
preserved, but that nine were falsely ascribed to studied medicine under Zenon, and was a fellow-
him. (Comp. Athen. xiv. p. 646, e. ) Some of these pupil of Oribasius and Ionicus, in the latter half of
spurious dramas seem to have been founded on the the fourth century after Christ. Eunapius, who
titles, and perhaps on some remains, of his genuine has given a short account of his life (De Vit. Philos.
plays. (Suid. 8. o. Audífw).
p. 168, ed. 1568), says that he lectured on medicine
It is worthy of notice that Magnes is the earliest at Alexandria, where he enjoyed a great reputa-
comic poet of whom we find any victories recorded. tion, though not so much for his practical skill as
(Comp. Aristot. Poet. 5. )
for his eloquence and power of argument. He is
Only a few titles of his works are extant. Of probably the person who wrote a work on the
those mentioned by the scholiast on Aristophanes, Urine, which is mentioned by Theophilus (De Urin.
the Baptitudes should probably be corrected to praef. and c. 3, 9) and Joannes Actuarius (De Urin,
Bapttiotal ; and the play was no doubt a satire on i. 2). If so, he bore the title 'lat pooopiotńs
certain musicians who were fond of the lyre called (Theoph. l. c. ). He is also probably the physician
barbiton. The Audol seems to have been an attack mentioned by Philostorgius (Hist. Eccles. viii. 8)
on the voluptuous dances of the Lydians. (Suid. as living at Alexandria in great repute, in the time
8. v. Avdol ; Hesych. s. v. Auditwv; Athen. xv. p. of Valentinian and Valens.
690, c; Pollux, vii. 188. ) The Vñves took its 2. A native of Ephesus, in Lydia, from the
name from a sort of gall fly which infested the fig; second book of whose letters (“ Epistolae") Caelius
and both it and the Bátpaxou belong to a class of Aurelianus quotes (De Morb. Acut. iii. 14. p. 225)
titles common enough with the Attic comedians; a short passage, relating to hydrophobia. He is
but we have no indication of their contents. There perhaps the same physician who is clsewhere
are a few other titles, namely, Alóvuoos, of which quoted by Caelius Aurelianus (De Morb. Acut. ii.
there were two editions, and which should perhaps 10, p. 96), and said to have belonged to the medical
be assigned to Crates (Athen. ix. p. 367, f. , xiv. sect of the Methodici, and to have lived before
p. 646, e. ; Poll. vi. 79), Nitakis, or Nutarlons Agathinus, and therefore in the first century after
(Suid. vol. ii. p. 640 ; Phot. s. v. vûv dň ; the true Christ.
form of this title is quite uncertain), Ποάστρια 3. A native of Philadelphia in Lydia, whose
(Schol. ad Plat. p. 336, Bekker), and rarewuvo medical formulae are quoted by the younger
maxia, a title which does not well agree with what Andromachus, and who must therefore have lived
we know of the character of the plays of Magnes. in or before the first century after Christ. (Galen,
(Eudoc. p. 302. ) The extant fragments of Magnes De Compos. Medicam. sec. Locos, vii. 4, vol. xiji.
scarcely exceed half a dozen lines. (Meineke, Frag. p. 80. ) He is also mentioned elsewhere in Galen's
Com. Gruec. vol. i. pp. 29—35, vol. ii. pp. 9–11; works (vol. xiii. pp. 296, 829).
Fabric. Bill. Graec. vol. ii. p. 453 ; Bode, Gesch. d.
