No More Learning

Then said secretary Smith, would you omnino neglexisse: Item expresse tibi per Re knew your duty. would quoth again, gian Majestatem prescriptum fuisse, utipse you knew well with infinite Episcopus adesses concionibus crucem Pauli
termined that the archbishop, with their whole London. Aldermannos, inde recederent consent, should that present there openly admonuisse exhortatum fuisse: Item, inter read and publish their final decree sentence alia quoque per Regiam Majestatem tibii
definitive against him. Which did, pro juncta mandatis tibi datum suisse, quod ar nouncing him thereby be clean deprived ticulum queudalu, statum reipublica, tune per
ma documenta, evidentem invenimus, corn pertum habemus praefatum Episcopum Lon
don. inter castera, pro meliori officii tui pasto ralis administratione, mandatis habusse, ut
his qui duas aut tres uxores maritos unum haberent, aut qui externos non pro
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709] STATE TRIALS, 3 Edw. VI. 1550–for opposing Reformation.
niciossima rebellione proditorum contra illum ar next and immediately under God here
ticulum sentientium gravissime perturbatae prae supreme head, and unto his court
cipue concernent, propterea supremum,neces parliament, the laws, statutes, and ordi sarium, specialiter tibi injunctum, videlicet;” nances this realm will suffer and hear this ‘'Ye shall also set forth your sermon, that behalf, desiring instantly first, second and third,
“our authority our royal power
truth according the laws, letters, reverential
“it less authority and force
“younger age, than and was any our this behalf, with things expedient, requi “predecessors, though the same were much site, necessary any wise; and thereupon “elder, may appear example Josias
‘and other young kings scripture. And
“therefore our subjects less bound
‘to the obedience our precepts, laws and
“statutes, than we were thirty forty years
age. '—Apud crucem sive suggestum Divi
this our dimissories, given and delivered unto ine
parte pre
fixo, limitato publica tua concione, tunc ter, and thereupon will defer not defer his
Pauli London. certo die tibi
the king's majesty what done this mat
ibidem populo recitares, explicares, teque modo forma praemissa eundem articulum juxta mandatum, officii tui debitum recitare explicare minime curasse, sed contumaciter
his grace's pleasure given then this, the said bishop
inobedienter omisisse, maximum Regiæ
Majestatis contemptum, ejus regni praju my imprisonment? Will keep me still
dicium non modicum, necnon subditorum suorum malum perniciosum exemplum, con tumacianque inobedientiam multiplicem tam
hac nostra inquisitione, quam alias perpe
trasse, commisisse contraxisse; Idcirco nos
Thomas Cantuariensis Archiepiscopus Primas Metropolitanus, judexque delegatus antedic
prison Shall not now liberty pro
secute mine appeal? To whom the Archbishop answering, said, That they perceived now nore
that matter than they did the first, and that this matter more greater rebellion then aware and therefore said that yet
they would not discharge him, and thereupon they committed him again his keeper pri son. ”
also the said bishop required the public notary actuary, William Say, make instru
lood
ment, and the witness and other
pre
sent record the same. To whom appeal ing, and requiring afore, the said Judges de legate said, that they will declare and signify
said appellation, according
and commandment shall
that behalf, and after
London said them, Jan functi estis officio. What will your grace with me now, touching
[710
earth, chancery
tus, Christi nomine primitus invocato, ipsum
solum Deum oculis nostris praeponentes,
cum expresso consensu pariter assensu Col This talk finished, the Archbishop consider legarum nostrorum praedictorum una nobiscum ing that most the audience there present assidentium, deque cum concilio Jurisperito did not understand the meaning the sentence
rum, cum quibus communicavinus hac parte, Te Edmundum London. Episcopum antedictum tuo Episcopatu London. una cum suis juribus pertinentibus commoditatibus,
being read the Latin tongue, said them, Because there many you here that under stand not the Latin tongue, and cannot tell what judgment bath been here given, shall therefore shew you the effect thereof; and therewith did declare English the causes ex pressed the sentence, adding thereunto these
quibuscunque deprivan
carteris emolumentis
dum prorsus amovendum fore jure de bere, pronunciamus, decerninus declaramus,
prout per praesentes sic deprivamus amove words: “Because my lord London found
mus per hanc nostram sententiam definitivain, sive hoc nostrum finale decretum, quam sive quod serimus promulgamus scriptis. ”
Which ended, the Bishop immediately did therefrom appeal word mouth, alledging, that the same sentence there given against him, was ler nulla. The tenour whose words
thought here express, according they were him uttered, this wise followeth
guilty these matters, therefore we have here our sentence deprived him our bishopric London; and this we shew unto you the
intent that from henceforth shall not esteem him any more bishop London. ' Then Bon ner desired the archbishop declare likewise what had done, and how had appealed. But the other, seeing his froward contempt, re fused saying, You may yourself. Whereupon very disdainfully again said, Jam
“I
bishop London, brought
and kept here prisoner against consent functi estis officio. What will your grace do
Edmund
and will, under my former protestation heretofore made, and the intent may also
appear, that have not, being here this place, consented nor agreed any thing done against me and my prejudice, alledge and say that this sentence given here against me,
ler nulla and forth be aliqua, say iniqua
with me touching my imprisonment? Will you keep me still prison —To whom the com
missioners answered, that they perceived now more the matter than they did before, and that his behaviour was more greater rebellion
was aware and therefore they would not discharge him, but committed him again his keeper kept prison. Where most
justly remained until the death that most wor
therefore from
shall appear injusta, and that injusta, appeal
iniqua
the most excellent and noble king Edward thy and godly prince king Edward 6th. After
the 6th, the grace God, king England, which time wrought most horrible mischief
France, and Ireland, defender the faith, and and cruelties against the saints God, ap the Church England and also Ireland, peareth eatter throughout the whole reign
ofto
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711] STATE TRIALS, 3 Edw. VI. 1590–Proceeding: against Bishop Bonner, 7 12
of queen Mary. From the executing of the against me the said persons. And your
which like tyranny the Lord of his great mercy said lordships, over and besides the furtherance
keep other such, amen. justice many ways Now, immediately after his deprivation, and the collection
writeth out the Marshalsea other letters sup sidy now levied
rein me and other, the king's majesty's sub
the clergy my dio plicatory unto the lord chancellor, and the rest cese, which hitherto hath been and stayed
the king's council. Wherein thus com reason the premises, shall also bind me plaineth, that reason the great enunity most greatly and intirely pray daily for the that the duke of Somerset and sir Thomas good preservation your said most honourable Smith bear unto him, his often and earnest good lordships honour, felicity, and joy, suits unto the king and his council could not long continue and endure unto God's plea heard. He therefore most humbly desireth sure. Writtch the Marshalsea, the 20th their lordships, for the causes aforesaid,
tain Supplication, conceived and directed king's unajesty, out the said prison Marshalsea.
the the
him hath, and shall be, was his father before. Then he declared how he had been
belied evil men, and misreported not bear true heart bis grace, but rebellious mind, denying his royal power his minority, where indeed saith, his grace should find
him always during life both heart, word, and decd and acknowledge otherwise, and
most willing shew, &c. and
other things for his grace, willingly any
other subject, those that were his de nouncers, who thought were not sent his grace, but pretended commissioners, &c. Fur ther, complained his denunciation cer tain commissioners, who said they were sent
his grace, alledging the same not lawful; and his long and sharp imprisonment, and that the commissioners observed neither law nor
con October, 1549. Your lordships most faithful prose and assured beadsman, Edmund London. ”
sider him, and him have liberty
cute his matter before them, and
daily pray for the good preservation
honours, appeareth the words
Supplication hereunder following. —Thus after
the commissioners had finished with Bonner, the which Supplication, first after the used
being now prisoner the Marshalsea, leav form stile, prayed for the prosperous
ing shift the law unsought how work estate the king long reign. Then for himself well might, drew out cer shewed that his faithful heart and service
would their his own
Supplication made and directed Edmund Bonner, late Bishop London, the King's
Majesty, out the Prison the Marshalsea.
the right honourable, my Lord Chancellor England, with all the rest the most ho mourable Privy Council.
“PLEASE your most honourable good lord ships with my most humble commendations understand, that albeit heretofore have made
such suit, and such persons cannot de vise make more, more higher, that
wit, the king's most excellent majesty,
and his most gracious persons divers sorts,
and also unto your most honourable good lord ships being privy council, for redress
such notable and manifest injuries and extre mities have been contrary law, honesty,
and good reason inflicted ipon me my lord Canterbury, my lord Rochester, doctor
reasonable order, but extremity. And where had made appeal his grace, and could Smith, and doctor May yet because the said not have it; desired have law prosecute
doctor Smith being minister the duke and sue his appeal for his remedy, and that he, Souyerset, and they both my deadly enemies, considering his vocation, might not shut hath sundry ways studied and laboured my ruin and put from liberty, which his meanest sub and destruction, staying and letting heretofore jects have. —Then desired his grace's letters
my lawful remedies and suits, having therein supersedeus against the commissioners, and help and furtherance these two other afore that the matter might heard before the said persons, being ready foot and hand council, and then doubted not but accomplish their desires and pleasures, found true faithful man, and herein have shall this present, having for time forborn wrong. the end concluded, this,
trouble (for good respects) your most honour prostrating himself even the very ground, able good lordships with any my suits, and and humbly kissing grace's feet, the especially for your other manifold great affairs only thing which humbly desired, &c.
the king's majesty's business, myself yet, the mean while, neither wanting good will, nor yet
just cause (being where am) make such suit, renew my suit, and most humbly beseech your most honourable good lordships give
ine leave make most humble supplication again your said lordships, for honest and
lawful liberty prosecute my appellation and
supplication heretofore made the king's most excellent maj sty, and according the law make my suit for redress the said great and manifest injuries, extremities, and wrongs done
This done, and the Supplication perused, the
king estsoons giveth
ment certain men
and persons skilful
lord Rich high chancellor, the lord treasurer, the lord marquis Dorset, the bishop Ely, lord Wentworth, Anthony Wingfield, William Harbert, knts. Dr. Rich, Wootton, Edw. Montague lord chief justice, John Baker, knt. with judge Hales, John Gosnold, Dr. Oliver, and also Dr. Layson, that they scanning and perusing such acts, matters,
-
charge and command honour and worship, the law, the
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713] STATE TRIALS, Edw. VI. 1550–for opposing Reformation. [714
and monuments of the said Bonner by him ex soons, after diligent discussion and considerate hibited, produced, propounded, and alleged, advisement had and singular the pre
with and singular his Protestations, Recusa mises gave their resolute answer that the pre tions, and Appellations, should upon mature tended appellation Edmund Bonner afore consideration thereof give their direct answer said was naught and unreasonable, and no upon the same, whether the Appellation the wise referred unto, and that the sentence said Bonner were deferred unto, whether was rightly and justly pronounced. And this the Sentence defined against him stood the was the conclusion Bonner's whole matter law sufficient and effectual, not. Who eft and Deprivation. *
“Queen Mary sooner ascended the his person Bonner was fat and corpulent, his throne, than Bonner was restored his ho character was ferocious and vindictive, his nours, and made President the Convocation knowledge divinity was not extensive, but instead Cranmer now disgraced. his neo was well versed politics and canon law. office displayed the native ferocity his He wrote some tracts now deservedly for character. He not only dismissed and excom gotten. ” Lempriere.
municated several the clergy, but com the first edition Fox's Acts and mitted some hundreds the flames for not re Monuments, there wooden print Bon
nouncing the doctrines the Reformation, and ner the act whipping Thomas Hinshawe. every accusation shewed himself the worthy Sir John Harrington tells us, that “when Bon
ner was shewn this print the book Mar tyrs purpose vex him, laughed
saying, vengeance the fool, how could
get my picture drawn right. ’ This man, whom nature seems have designed for executioner, was ecclesiastical judge the reign Mary. He reported have con demned less than 200 innocent persons
10th year his confinement, 5th September
1569, and was excommunicated, his body
was privately buried midnight St. George's
church-yard, Southwark, that public cere
mony might not draw more strongly the indig but empty bowels. ' He died the Mar nation the populace against his remains. shalsea, the 5th Sept. 1569. ” Grainger.
46. Proceedings against Sir JAMES HALEs, Justice the Court Common Pleas, for his conduct the Assizes Kent:
Mary, Tracts,
minister bloody reign. On the death Mary paid respects the new queen,
but Elizabeth turned away from man stained with the blood suffering innocence, and the
bigoted ecclesiastic soon after, when summoned before the Council, refused take the oaths allegiance, and was again deprived his bishopric, and imprisoned. He died about the
the flames; and have caused great numbers suffer imprisonment, racks, and tortures.
*
He was remarkably fat and corpulent; which made one say him, ‘that was full guts,
1553. Fox's Acts and Monum. 19. Somers' coll. vol. 95. ]
MR. Fox introduces this short but interesting
life queen Mary's cause, that would
procedure thus: The first day
was crowned the same month
October 1553, queen Mary Westminster, and the 10th
October then following began
not subscribe the uninheriting the king's will, yet that did
her quarter
the parliament with solemn mass the Holy
Ghost, after the popish manner, celebrated with was imprisoned the Marshalsea, Counter,
great pomp the palace Westminster. and Fleet, and cruelly handled and put Mass being done, the queen, accompanied fear talk that the Warden the Fleet used
with the estates the realm, was brought into
the parliament house, there according the
manner enter and begin the consultation,
which consultation parliament were repealed
all statutes onade the time king Henry the
8th for Premunire, and statutes made king
Edward the 6th's time for Administration of but after that he never rested till he hai Common Prayer and the Sacrament the Eng drowned himself river, half mile from his lish tongue. And such would stick the house Kent.
laws made king Edward's time, till others The CoMMUNICATION between the Lord Chan
should established, some them were marked, and some presently apprehended. Among whom James Hales, knight Kent, and justice the common pleas, was one; who notwithstanding had ventured his
sessions give charge upon the statutes made
the time king Henry the 8th and Edward the 6th, the supremacy and religion,
have his hearing, such torinents were preparing for heretics, (or for what other cause God knoweth) that sought rid him
self out this life wounding himself with knife; and afterward was contented say as they willed him: whereupon was discharged
(Stephen
ter) and Judge Hales, being there among other Judges, take his Oath Westminster
cellor
Hall, Oct. 1553.
Gardner
bishop
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715] STATE TRIALS, 1 Mary, 1553. -Proceedings against Lady Jane Grey, [716
Master Hales, ye shall understand, that God hath given me, will nothing but like as the queen's highness hath heretofore will maintain and abide and my conceived good opinion of you, especially for goods and that have not able coun that ye stood both faithfully and lawfully in her terpoise the case, my body shall ready cause of just succession, refusing to set your serve the turn; for they the queen's hand to the book among others that were against highness pleasure.
her grace in that behalf: so now, through Cha. Ah sir, very quick and stout your own late deserts against certain her high your answers. But should seem, that ness's doings, ye stand not well in her grace's which you did was more will favouring the favour ; and therefore before ye take any oath, opinion your religion against the service it shall be necessary for you- to make your pur now used, than for any occasion zeal gation. justice, seeing the queen's highness doth set
Hales. I pray you, my lord, what is the forth yet, wishing her faithful subjects
cause *
Chan. Information is given, that ye have in offer both body and goods
and where you your trial, there your hands, and
dicted certain priests in Kent for saying mass. such matter required
Hales. My lord, it is not so, I indicted yet shall not have your own will neither.
none; but indeed certain indictments of like matter were brought before me at the last assizes there holden, and I gave order therein
Hales. My Lord, seek not wilful will, but
required.
professed
the
justice sake,
For I have
whose other res
willingly
set apart, did late, your lordship
conscience, and if it were to do again, I would God, wherein am ready adventure well do no less than I did. my life my substance, called there Cha. Yea, master Hales, your conscience is unto. And lack mine own power and
as the law
law, against which in cases of justice I will never, God willing, proceed, nor in any wise
for
weth,
dissemble, but with the same shew forth my for my religion, trust such pleaseth
tno
embrace accordingly
shew myself nd obedience
am bound
love God,
cause a[.
the
queen's majesty,
adventure much had. And
known well enough, I know you lack no con will, the Lord's will fulfilled.
science. . Chan. Seeing you this point master Hales. My lord, you may do well to search Hales, will presently make end with you.
your own conscience; for mine is better known The queen's highness shall to myself than to you: and to be plain, I did opinion and declaration. as well use justice in said mass case by shall thereupon determine,
informed your And her grace shall have know
law, fully
my conscience, as by wherein I am ledge. Until such time
may depart bent to stand in trial to the uttermost that can came, without your oath for ap
be objected. And if I have therein done any
peareth, are scarce worthy the place ap pointed.
injury or wrong,
for will seek chiefly that
me judged the law; better defence, considering
my profession.
Hales. thank your lordship and
my vocation, being both burden and
for
Cha. Why master Hales, although you had charge more than ever desired take upon
the rigour the law your side, yet might have had regard the queen's highness present doings that case. And further, though seem
law, yet think
me; whensoever shall please the queen's highness ease me thereof, shall most hum bly with due contentation obey the same and
departed from the bar.
Not many days after this Communication,
colloquy, Westminster-hall, which was Oct.
1553, Master Hales the commandment
the extremity
gathered against your proceedings
have sometime taken upon you justice, and were well tried,
Cott.
Somers' Tracts,
coll. vol. 174. Biog. Brit. ]
solemnised the month May, between the lord Gilford, son the duke Northumber land, and the lady Jane, the duke Suffolk's
more than precise the
would very loth
yield might
such advantage
the law, place believe
the bishop was committed the King's- bench, where he remained constant until Lent: should not well able stand honestly then was he removed the Counter Bread
thereto. street, and afterward from thence was carried Hales. My lord, am not perfect, but the Fleet. What afterwards befell him, has
may err for lack knowledge. But both been before related. conscience, and such knowledge the law
47. Proceedings against Lady JANE GREY, and Others, for Treason: Mary, 1553. Fox's Acts and Monuments, 13. Bib.
WHAT time, says Fox, king Edward
long sickness began appear more feeble and
weak, the mean while during the time
this his sickness, certain marriage was pro daughter; whose mother being then alive, was vided, concluded, and shortly also upon the same daughter Mary, king Henry's second sister,
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717] STATE TRIALS, 1 Mary, 1553. -and others, for High Treason. [71s
who first was married to the French king, and brother the king, our late sovereign lord, afterward to Charles, duke of Suffolk. But to departed God's mercy; which news how make no long tarriance hereupon, the marriage woeful they unto our heart, only know being ended, and the king waxing every day eth, whose will and pleasure we must, and more sick than other, whereas indeed there humbly submit and our wills. But seemed in him no hope of recovery, it was this lamentable case, that wit, now brought to pass by the consent not only of the after his majesty's departure and death, con nobility, but also of the chief lawyers of the cerning the crown and governance this realm, that the king by his Testament did ap realin England, with the title France, and
int the foresaid lady Jane, daughter to the things thereto belonging, what hath been duke of Suffolk, to be inheretrix unto the crown provided act parliament, and the testa of England, passing over two sisters, Mary ment and last will our dearest father, besides and Elizabeth. To this Order subscribed all other circumstances advancing our right, you the king's Council, and the chief the nobility, know, the realm, and the whole world knoweth, the mayor and city London, and almost the rolls, and records appear the authority the judges and chief lawyers this realin, the king our said father, and the king, our saving only justice Hales Kent, man both, said brother, and the subjects this realm; favouring true religion, and also upright that we verily trust that there good true
judge, any hath been noted this realin, subject, that can, who, giving his consent unto lady Mary, would ignorant thereof: and
case subscribe lady Jane. The causes ourselves caused, and,
would pretend
our part we have
God shall aid and laid against lady Mary, were well for that strengthen us, shall cause our right and title
was feared she would marry with stranger, this behalf published and proclaimed ac and thereby intangle the crown; also that cordingly. And albeit this weighty matter
she would clean alter religion, used both seemeth strange, that our said brother dying king Henry her father, and also king Edward upon Thursday night last past, we hitherto her brother's days, and bring the pope, had knowledge from you thereof, yet we the utter destruction the realm, which in consider your wisdom and prudence such, deed afterward came pass, the course that having eftsoons amongst you debated, and sequel this story may well appear. pondered, and well weighed this present case
Much probable matter they had thus con with our estate, with your own estate, the com jecture her, reason her great stubborn mon-wealth, and our honours, we shall and ness shewed and declared her brother's days, may conceive great hope and trust with much the letters before mentioned, passing be assurance your loyalty and service, and tween her and king Edward, and the council, therefore for the time interpret and take things
may appear. The matter being thus concluded, not the worst; and that will, like noble and after confirmed every man's hand, king men, work the best. Nevertheless we are not Edward, imp great hope, not long after ignorant your consultations undo the pro this departed the vehemency his sickness, visions made for our preferment, nor the
when was years age; with whom also great bands and provisions forcible wherewith
decayed manner the whole flourishing assembled and prepared, whom, and
estate and honour the English nation. what end, God and you know, and nature When king Edward was dead, this Jane was can but fear some evil. But be that some
established the kingdom the nobles con consideration politic, whatsoever thing else sent, and was forthwith published queen hath moved you thereto, yet doubt you not my proclamation London, and other cities lords, but we can take these your doings where was any great resort, and was there gracious part, being also right ready remit taken and named. Between this young dam and fully pardon the same, and that freely,
sel and king Edward there was little difference eschew blood-shed and vengeance against age, though learning and knowledge those that can will intend the same, trusting
the tongues she was not only equal, but also also assuredly you will take and accept this superior unto him, being instructed master grace and virtue good part appertaineth, right nobly learned. her fortune had been and that we shall not be inforced use the
good was her bringing up, joined with service other our true subjects and friends, fineness wit, undoubtedly she might have which this our just and right cause, God, seemed comparable not only the house whom our whole affiance shall send us. Vespasians, Sempronians, and mother the Wherefore my lords, we require you and charge
Gracchies, yea, any other women beside, you, and every you, that your allegiance that deserved high praise for their singular which you owe God and us, and none learning; but also the university-men, which other, for our honour and the surety our
have taken many degrees the schools.
the mean time while these things were
person only imploy yourselves, and forthwith upon receipt hereof, cause our right and title the crown and government this realm
proclaimed our city London and other places, your wisdoms shall seem good, and
this case appertaineth, not failing hereof our very trust you. And thus our letter,
working London. Mary, which had know ledge her brother's death, writeth the lords of the Council forin as followeth
“My lords, we greet you well, and have re seived sure advertisement, that our dearest
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719) STATE TRIALS, 1 MARy, 1553. −Proceedings against Lady Jane Grey, [720
signed with our hand, shall be your sufficient
Gates. W. Peter, W. Cecill, John Cheese, John Mason, Edw. North, Bowes. ”
warrant in this behalf. Given under our signet
at our manor of Kening-hall, the 9th of July, 1553. ”
All these aforesaid, except only the duke Northumberland, and John Gates, after To this Letter of the lady Mary, the lords of ward were either special favour, special
the Council make answer again, as followeth : “Madam, we have received your letters the 9th of this instant, declaring your supposed
general pardon, discharged.
After this Answer received, and the minds
the lords perceived, lady Mary speedeth her title, which you judge yourself to have to the self secretly away from the city, hoping
imperial crown of this realm, and the domi nions thereunto belonging. For answer where this advertise you, that for much our
sovereign lady queen Jane after the death
our sovereign lord Edward the 6th, prince
most noble memory, invested and possessed
with the just and right title the imperial
crown this realm, not only good order
chiefly upon the good will the commons, and
yet perchance not destitute altogether the
secret advertisements some the nobles.
When the Council heard her sudden depar ture and perceived her stoutness, and that
canic not pass they supposed, they ga thered speedily power men together, ap pointing army, and first assigned that the
old ancient laws this realm, but also our duke Suffolk should take that enterprise
late sovereign lord's letters patents signed with hand, and have the leading the band.
his own hand, and sealed with the great seal But afterward altering their minds, they thought
England presence the most part the best send forth the duke Northumber nobles, counsellors, judges, with divers other land, with certain other lords and gentlemen, grave and sage personages, assenting and sub and that the duke Suffolk should keep the scribing the same: we must therefore, Tower, where the lord Gilford and the lady most bound duty and allegiance, assent unto Jane the same time were lodged. the her said grace, and none other, except we which expedition the guard also, albeit they should, which faithful subjects cannot, fall into were much unwilling the first thereunto, yet grievous and unspeakable enormities. Where notwithstanding, through the vehement persua fore we can less do, but for the quiet both sions the lord treasurer, master Chomley,
the realm and you also, advertise you, and other, they were induced assist the duke, that forasmuch the divorce, made between and set forward with him.
the king famous memory, king Henry the 8th, These things thus agreed upon, and the and the lady Catharine your mother, was ne-. duke now being set forward after the best cessary had both the everlasting laws array out London, having notwithstanding
God, and also the ecclesiastical laws, and times prescribed, and journey appoint by the most part the noble and learned uni the council, the intent might not versities Christendom, and confirmed also scem any thing but upon warrant. Mary
the sundry acts parliaments remaining the mean while tossed with much travel yet their force, and thereby you justly made and down, work the surest way for her best illegitimate and unheritable the crown impe advantage, withdrew herself into the quarters rial this realm, and the rules, and dominions, Norfolk and Suffolk, where she understood and possessions the same, you will upon just the duke's name be had much hatred for consideration hereof, and divers other causes the service that had been done there of late
lawful alledged for the same, and for the under king Edward, just inheritance the right line and godly order and there gathering
pretence vex and inolest any our sove folk men; who being always forward pro reign lady queen Jane her subjects from their moting the proceedings the Gospel, pro true faith and allegiance due unto her grace mised her their aid and help, that she would assuring you, that you will for respect shew not attempt the alteration the religion,
yourself quiet and obedient, you ought, you which her brother king Edward had before es shall find and several ready you tablished, laws and orders publicly enacted, any service that we with duty may, and glad and received the consent the whole realm
taken the late king our sovereign lord king commons every side
Edward the oth, and agreed upon the nobles herself close for space within Fremingham and great personages aforesaid, surcease any castle. To whom first of all resorted the Suf
with your quietness preserve the common
state this realm wherein you may other To make the matter short, unto this condi
wise grievous unto us, yourself, and them.
And thus we bid you most heartily well fare.
From the Tower London, this 9th July, made religion, that man would 1553. Your ladyship's friends, shewing your could then have misdoubted her. Which pro self obedient subject, Thomas Canterbury, mise, she had constantly kept, they the marquis Winchester, John Bedford, did willingly preserve her with their bodies and Will. Northampton, Thomas Ely chancellor, weapons, she had done deed both worthy Northumberland, Henry Sulfolk, Henry Arun her blood, and had also made her reign more del, Shrewsbury, Pembroke, Cobham, Rich, stable herself through former tranquility. Huntingdon, Darcy, Cheyney, Cotton, John For though man never Puissant
that behalf.
tion she estsoons agreed, with such proulise made unto them that no innovation should be
subduing the rebels,
her such aid the she might, keeping
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721] STATE TRIALS, 1 Mary, 1553. —and others, for High Treason. [722
power, yet breach of promise is an evil up which was the 25th July, she followed not
, holder of quietness, fear is worse, but cruelty is the worst of all.
Thus Mary being guarded with the power of the Gospellers, did vanquish the duke, and those that came with her. In consideration
whereof was heavy word that she answer
ed the Suffolk men afterwards, which did she took the Tower, whereas the foresaid nake supplication her grace perform her lady Jane with her husband the lord Gilford, promise: Forsomuch, saith she, you being
but ineinbers desire rule your head, you shall
one day well perceive, that members must
obey their head, and not look bear rule over
the same. And not only that, but also adjudged death, was brought forth the cause the more terror unto other, certain scaffold, and there beheaded. Albeit hav
gentleman named master Dobb, dwelling about Wyndham side, for the same cause, that for advertising her humble request her pro
ing promise, and being put hope pardon
(yea, though his head were upon the block) would recant and hear mass, cons, uted mise, was punished, being three sundry times thereto, and denied words that true religion, king Henry oths
set the pillory gazing stock unto in on.
which before time, well days, king Edward's, declared himself both exhorting also the people tholic faith, termed
had ort evidently favour and further:
On the contrary side, the duke Northum
berland having warrant under the broad
seal, with furniture readiness, took
his voyage, and was now forward his way; tion the papists did forthwith publish and set what ado there was, what stirring every side, abroad, rejoicing not little his conversion
long after, being brought the 3d day Au gust London, with the great rejoicing many men, but with greater fear more, and yet with flattery, perativenture most great,
-
Thus coming London, her first lodging
feigned hearts.
little before her coining, were imprisoned where they remained waiting her pleasure al most five months. But the duke, within month after his coming the Tower, being
return the ca Whose recanta
what sending, what riding and posting, what
letters, messages, and instructions went and
fro, what taking among the soldiers, what
heart-burning among the people, what fair pre Palmer on the other side confessed his faith tences outwardly, inwardly what privy practices that had learned the gospel, and lamented there were, what speeding ordinance daily that had not lived inore gospel like) being and hourly out the Tower, what rumours put death; the mean time queen Mary and coming down soldiers from quarters entering thus her reign with the blood these there was world was see, and process men, besides hearing mass herself the Tower,
declare, enough make whole Hins. The gave heavy shew and signi.
ication hereby, but greatest help that made for the lady Mary was especially the sudden delivering Steven
the short journeys the duke, which com mission were assigned him before,
abovementioned. For the longer the duke lin
Gardiner out
minded stand
the Tower, that she was not that which she deeply
had promised
gered his voyage, the lady Mary the more cerning the not subverting altering the state
increased puissance, the hearts the people religion, very deed the surmise the being mightily bent unto her. Which after leople was therein nothing deceived.
the council London perceived, and under The 3rd February, the lord Cobham was
stood how the common multitude did with draw their hearts from them stand with her,
committed the Tower, and master Wyat en
tered into Southwark. Who, forsomuch he
could not enter that way into London, return ing another way Kingston with his army,
and that certain noblemen began the
other way, they turned their song, and pro
claimed for queen the lady Mary, eldest daugh came through the streets Ludgate, and
Temple
Clement the court,
Northumberland, being and with him the residue his army, for be council and advice sent forth against her, fore, George Harpar and almost half his was left destitute, and forsaken alone Can men ran away from him Kingston bridge, bridge with some his sons, and few other, were also taken, and about hundred killed, among whom the earl Huntingdon was and they that were taken were had prison,
one who there were arrested and brought and great many them were hanged, and the Tower London, traitors the crown, himself afterward executed the lower hill, notwithstanding that - had there proclaimed and then quartered; whose head after being her queen before. upon Haihill, was thence stolen away, and
Thus have Mary now made queer, and great search made for the same. which the sword authority put into her hand. story shall hear more, the Lord willing, here Therefore when she had been thus advanced after.
the Gospellers, and saw quiet The 12th day Feb. was beheaded the lady means that her enemies were conquered, send Jane, whom was sent master l'eckman, ing the duke captive the Tower before, alias Howman, from the queen, two days before
ter king Henry 8th, and appointed par returning thence, was resisted
liament succeed king Edward dying without Bar, and there yielded himself issue. Parson, and was brought him
And the duke
O'L.
rather subversion Thus the duke
then appeared. Northumberland, with sit
John Gates, and
Thomas Palmer, (which
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723] STATE TRIALS, 1 Many, 1553–Proceedings against Lady Jane Grey, [724
her death, to commune with her, and to reduce all, yet we unprofitable servants, and faith her from the doctrine of Christ to Dr. Mary's only Christ's blood saveth us.
religion. The effect of which Communication Feck. How many Sacraments are there
here followeth : Jane. Two. The one the Sacrament of
The Communication had between the Lady Baptism, and the other, the Sacrament the
Lord's Supper.
Peck. No, there are seven.
Pecknam. Madam, I lament your heavy
case, and yet I doubt not, but that you bear
out this sorrow of yours with a constant and But what signified your two Sacraments? patient mind. - - Jane. the sacrament Baptism am
Jane. You are welcome unto me, sir, if your washed with water and regenerated the coming be to give christian exhortation. And spirit, and that washing token me that as for my heavy case, I thank God, I do so lit am the child of God. The Sacrament of the tle lament that rather account the same Lord's Supper offered unto me, sure seal for more manifest declaration God's favour and testimony that am, the blood Christ
toward me, than ever shewed me any which shed for me the cross, made par time before. And therefore there no cause taker the everlasting kingdom.
why either you, will, should lament
thing
other which bear me good grieved with this my profitable for my soul's
Feck. Why? what you receive that
Sacrament? Do you not receive the very body and blood of Christ?
case, being health.
Jane and Fecknam.
Jane. No surely, not believe.
am here come you this pre think that the Supper neither receive flesh sent sent from the queen and her council, nor blood, but bread and wine: which bread
instruct you the true doctrine the right when broken, and the wine when
Fack.
lock. What then required man
Jane. That he should believe
Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, three per sons and one God.
his body
Jane. grant saith so; and
am the vine, am the door,’ but the more for the door nor the vine.
Feck. What? there nothing else required looked for Christian, but lieve him
be
Saint Paul say, ‘He calleth things that are not though they were God forbid that should say, that eat the very natural body and blood
whom trust not; how can trust him
whom love not Faith and love both toge ther, and yet love comprehended faith.
Feck. How shall we love our neighbour
Jane. To love our neighbour feed the hungry, cloath the naked, and give drink
eaten and broken, and be born
woman without seed man, walk upon
the sea having body, and other such like mi racles wrought his power only
June. Yes verily; God would have done his Supper any miracle, might have done
but say that then minded work nor miracle, but only break his body, and shed
his blood the cross for our sins. But pray you answer me this one question: where was Christ, when said, ‘Take, eat, this
my body,' Was not the table when he said so? he was that time alive, and suffered not till the next day. What took but bread,
the thirsty, and our selves.
cient only believe.
Jane. deny that, and affirm that faith
only saveth; but meet for Christian, token that he followeth his master Christ, do
him we would
necessary unto sal vation good works also, and not sufi
Feck. Why? then
God the
saith,
never Doth not
Jane. Yes, we must love him with our Christ; for then either should pluck away
heart, and with our soul, and with our mind, and our neighbour ourself.
Feck. Why? then faith justifieth not, nor saveth not.
June. Yes verily, faith, Paul saith, only justifieth.
my redemption, else there were two bodies two Christs. One body was tormented on the cross: and they did eat another body, then had two bodies; his body were
eaten, then was not broken upon the cross, were broken upon the cross, was not
eaten his disciples.
Feck. Why? St. Paul saith, faith without love, nothing.
have
Peck. Why? not possible that Jane. True for how can love him Christ his power could make his body both
good works, yet may we not say that they pro what brake but bread And what gave he fit our salvation. For wu-i, we have done but bread? Look what took, brake and
Jane. By what Scripture find you that?
Feck. Well, we will talk that hereafter.
faith although have great confidence
you, that shall have, trust, little need travail with you much therein.
Jane. Forsooth, heartily thank the queen's highness, which not unmindful her humble subject: and hope likewise that you less
will your duty therein both truly and faith fully, according that you were sent for.
drunken, putteth me remembrance how that for my sins the body Christ was broken, and his blood shed the cross, and with that bread and wine receive the benefits that come by the breaking body, and shedding his blood for our sins on the cross.
Feck. Why? Doth not Christ speak these words, “Take, eat, this my body require
Christian you any plainer words? doth not say
to II in do : a
to in
do * to to
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725] STATE TRIALS, I MARy, 1553. —and others, for High Treason. [726
look what he brake, he gave; and look what And yet though must needs acknowledge,
he gave, they did eal: and yet this while himself was alive; and supper before his disciples, else they were deceived.
that being constrained, and, you wot well enough, continually assayed, taking upon me seemed consent, and therein grievously
Peck. You ground your faith upon such offended the queen and her laws: yet as
authors say and unsay both with and not upon the church whom
breath, ought
suredly trust that this my offence towards God much the less, that being royal
estate was, mine inforced honour blended never with mine innocent heart. And thus, good father, have opened unto you the state wherein presently stand. Whose death hand, although you perhaps may seem right woeful, me there nothing that can be more welcome, than from this vale ini sery aspire that heavenly throne joy and pleasure with Christ our Saviour.
whose steadfast faith may lawful for the daughter write the father) the Lord that hitherto hath strengthened you, con tinue you, that the last may neet hea ven with the Father, the Son, and the Holy
give credit.
Jane. No, ground my faith God's word,
and not upon the Church. For the Church be good Church, the faith the Church must be tried God's word, and not God's word by the Church, either yet my faith. Shall
antiquity
shall give credit the Church that taketh
believe the Church because
away from me the half part the Lord's Supper, and will not any man receive
both kinds? Which thing they deny us,
then deny they part our salvation. And say that evil Church, and not the spouse Christ, but the spouse the devil,
that altereth the Lord's Supper, and both tak Ghost. ”
eth from and addeth To that Church (say God will add plagues, and from that Church will take their part out the book
life: they learn that Saint Paul when he ministered the Corinthians both kinds shall believe this Church God forbid.
Letter written the lady Jane the end the New Testament Greek, the which she
sent unto her sister lady Catherine, the night before she suffered.
“I have here sent you, good sister Cathe Feck. That was done for good intent rine, book, which although not out
the Church avoid heresy that sprang it.
wardly trimmed with gold, yet inwardly more worth than precious stones. the book (dear sister) the law the Lord.
June. Why? shall the Church alter God's
will and ordinance for good intent? How did his testament and last will which bequeathed
king Saul the Lord God defend.
With these and such like persuasions
unto wretches which shall lead you the path eternal joy, and you with good mind read and with earnest mind do purpose follow shall bring you immortal and everlasting life. shall teach you live, and learn you die. shall win you more than you should have gained the possession your worul father's lands. For,
God had prospered him, you should have inherited his lands; you apply diligently
this book, seeking direct your life after you shall inheritor such riches, nei ther the covetous shall withdraw from you, nei ther thief shall steal, neither yet the moths corrupt. Desire with David, good sister, understand the law of the Lord God. Live still die, that you death may purchase eternal life. And trust not that the tenderness
your age shall lengthen your life for hasten my death you, whom my life soon God call) goeth the young the old,
should rather have been lengthened yet can and labour always learn die. Dety the patiently take yield God more world, deny the devil, and despise the flesh, and
would have had her lean the Church, but would not be. There were many more things whereof they reasoned, but these were the chiefest. After this, Fecknam took his leave, saying, that was sorry for her; for am sure quoth he, that we two shall never mect.
Jane. True (said she) that we shall never
meet, except God turn your heart. For am assured, unless you repent and turn God,
you are
the bowels spirit: for
utterance,
eyes your heart.
evil case and pray God, his mercy, send you his holy
hath given you his great gift
pleased
him
also
open
the
Lady
“FATHER, although hath pleased God
Letter the
Jane sent unto her Father.
hearty thanks, for shortening my woeful days,
than the world had been given unto my possessions with life lengthened my own will.
delight yourself only the Lord. Be penitent your sins, and yet despair not; strong faith, and yet presume hot and desire with
St. Paul dissolved and with whom even death there
the evil servant found sleeping, and lest for lack oil, you found like the five foolish women and like him that had not on the wed
ding garment, and then cast out from the
And albeit am well assured
dolours, redoubled manifold ways, both be wailing your own woe, and especially (as
hear) my unfortunate state, yet my dear father
(if may without offence rejoice my own upon you thief the night, you with
mishaps) me seems this may account my self blessed that washing my hands with the innocency my fact, my guiltless blood may
•ry before the Lord, Mercy the innocent.
your impatient
the good servant, and even
midnight waking, lest when death cometh and stealeth
with Christ, life. Be like
ye
of if
toit is
of
I all
of if in ? do it, of by
as or
in
it, by an it :
is to
anus to
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be
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727] STATE TRIALS, I Mary, 1553–Proceedings against Lady Jane Grey, [728
marriage. Itejoice in Christ, as I do. Follow the steps ofyour master Christ, and take up
your cross : lay your sins on his back, and
always embrace him. And as touching my
death, rejoice as I do (good sister) that I shall thou absent? For ever? Oh Lord, hast thou be delivered of this corruption, and put on forgotten gracious, and hast thou shut incorruption. For I am assured, that I shall thy loving kindness displeasure Wilt thou for losing of a mortal life, win an immortal more intreated thy mercy clean gone life, the which I pray God grant you, and send for ever, and thy promise come utterly
you of his grace to live in his fear, and to die in end for evermore Why doest thou make the true Christian faith, from the which (in long tarrying? shall despair thy mercy God's name) I exhort you that you never God Far that from me. am thy work swerve, neither for hope of life, nor for fear of manship created Christ Jesus: give me grace death. For ifyou will deny his truth for to therefore tarry thy leisure, and patiently lengthen your life, God will deny you, and yet bear thy works; assuredly knowing, that shorten your days. And if you will cleave thou canst, thou wilt deliver me, when unto him, he will prolong your days to your shall please thee, nothing doubting mistrust comfort and his glory : to the which glory God ing thy goodness towards me for thou know bring me now, and you hereafter when it pleas est better what good for me than
eth him to call you. Fare you well, good therefore with me things what thou wilt, sister, and put your only trust in God, who and plague me what way thou wilt. Only
only must help you. the mean time arm me beseech thee with
Here followeth a certain effectual Prayer, thy armour, that may stand fast, my loins made by the lady Jane in the time of her being girded about with verity, having the
trouble. breastplate righteousness, and shod with the shoes prepared the gospel peace; above O Lord, thou God and Father of my life, things taking me the shield faith, where hear me poor and desolate woman, which with may able quench the fiery darts
flyeth unto thee only, in troubles and mise the wicked, and taking the helmet salva ries. Thou Lord art the only defender and de tion, and the sword the spirit, which thy liverer those that put their trust thee: most holy word praying always with man and therefore being defiled with sin, encum ner prayer and supplication, that may bered with affliction, unquieted with troubles, refer myself wholly thy will, abiding thy wrapped cares, overwhelmed with miseries, pleasure, and comforting myself those trou vexed with temptations, and grievously tor bles that shall please thee send me: seeing mented with the long imprisonment this vile such troubles profitable for me, and seeing mass clay my sinful body come unto am assuredly persuaded that cannot but thee merciful Saviour) craving thy mercy well all that thou doest. Hear me merciful and I. elp; without the which little hope Father for his sake, whom thou wouldest should deliverance left, that may utterly despair sacrifice for my sins: whom with thee
any liberty. Albeit expedient, that and the IHoly Ghost, honour and glory.
Amen.
After these things thus declared, remaineth
now, coming the end this virtuous lady, thy flock no, and also know thee and our next infer the manner her Execution, with selves the better: yet thou that saidest thou the words and behaviour of her the time of
seeing our life standeth upon trying, we should visited sometime with some adversity,
whereby we might both tried whether
wouldest not suffer tempted above our her death.
power, merciful unto me now miserable wretch beseech thee which with Solomon
Words and Behaviour the lady Jane upon the Scaffold.
do cry unto thee, humbly desiring thee, that
may neither too much pulled with pros Frnst when she mounted upon the scaffold,
perity, neither too much pressed down with she said the people standing thereabout adversity lest being too fall, should deny thee Good people, am come hither die, and by my Go being too low brought should des law am condemned the same. The fact pair, and blaspheme thee my Lord and Saviour. against the queen's highness was unlawful, and
merciful God, consider my misery best the consenting thereunto me but touching known unto thee, and thou now unto me the procurement and desire thereof me strong tower defence humbly require thee. my behalf, wash my hands thereof Suifer me not be tempted above my power, innocency before God, and the face you, but either be thou dei unto me out good Christian people, this day: and therewith this great misery, either else give me grace pa she wrung her hands, wherein she had her book. tiently bear thy heavy hand and sharp cor Then said she, pray you good Christian rection. was thy right hand that defivered people, bear me witness that die true the people Israel out the hands Pha Christian woman, and that look be raoh, which for the space 400 years did saved other mean, but only the mercy oppress them, and keep them bondage. Let God the blood his only son Jesus
therefore likewise seem good thy fatherly Christ: and confess, that when did know
goodness, deliver me, sorrowful wretch (for whom thy son Christ shed precious blood the cross) out this miserable captivity and
bondage, wherein am now. How long wilt
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, STATE TRIALS, MARy, 1553. −and others, for High Treason. [730
720)
the word of God, I neglected the same, loved the lady Jane, and with her also the lord Guil
myself and the world, and therefore this plague ford Dudley her husband, one the duke
and punishment is happily and worthily hap Northumberland's sons, two innocents com
pened unto me for my sins: and yet I thank parison them that upon them, For they
God of his goodness, that he hath thus given did but ignorantly accept that which the others
me a time and respite to repent : and now, had willingly devised, and open proclama
good people, while I a. m alive, I pray you assist tion consented take from others and give
me with your prayers. And then kneeling them. And not long after the death the
down, she turned her to Fecknam, saying: lady Jane upon the 21st the same nonth,
Shall I say this psalm ? and he said, Yea. Then was Henry duke Suffolk her father also be.
said she the psalm of Miserere mei Deus in Eng headed the Tower Hill, the 4th day after his
lish, in most devout manner throughout to the condemnation: about which time also were
end, and then she stood up, and gave her mai condemned this conspiracy many gentlemen den mistress Eisen her gloves and handkerchief, and yeomen, whereof some were executed
and her book to master Bruges, and then she London and some the country. the untied her gown, and the hangman pressed number whom was also lord Thomas Gray, upon her to help her off with but she de brother the said duke, being apprehended siring him her alone, turned towards her not long after North Wales and executed for two gentlewomen, who helped her off there the same. Nicholas Throgmorton very
with, and also with her frowes, paaft and neck
erchief, giving her fair handkerchief knit
about her eyes. —Then the hangman kneeled
down and asked her forgiveness, whom she for
gave most willingly. Then willed her
stand upon the straw: which doing, she saw marquis Dorset, Frances Brandon, daugh the block. Then she said, pray you dispatch
me quickly. Then she knecled down, saying:
Will you take before lay me down and
the hangman said, No, madan. Then tied she
the handkerchief about her eyes, and feeling quickness and comprehension mind. Under for the block she said: What shall do? where Harding and Aylmer, her father's chaplains,
it? where One the standers she improved herself the various branches guiding her thereunto, she laid her head down learning; and became such proficient lan upon the block, and then stretched forth her guages, that she spoke and wrote with astonish
body, and said Lord, into thy hands
com ing facility, the French, Italian, Latin, and
said the Greek; and was well skilled Ile
mend my spirit, and
finished her life.
brew, Arabic, and Chaldee. To these high ac quirements literature, were united great
beauty, the mildest manners, and the most cap tivating virtues humility, benevolence and modesty. Regardless the pleasures and fri volous occupations the great, she sought for gratification reading and meditation, and
she observed her tutor, Ascham, who found her reading Plato while the rest the family
were hunting the park, that the sport which they were enjoying, was but shadow com
pared the pleasure which she received from the sublime author. The alliances of her fa
mily, however, and their aubition, were too powerful suffer her live her beloved se
clusion. No sooner was the declining health the 6th Edward perceived his courtiers, than Dudley, duke Northumberland, prevailed upon the unsuspecting monarch, settle the
Certain
pretty
written
the said
lady
De
Jana,
Laurentii Humfredi decastichon. crown his relation, lady Jane, whose attach
Verses
Jane with pin.
Non aliena putes homini, quae obtingere possunt: Sors hodiei na nihi, tuncerit illa tibi.
juvante, Jane Dudley. nil mocet livor malus:
Deo
Et non juvante, nil juvat labor gravis.