Va- andria the Homiliae of Macarius the Egyptian
rious anecdotes recorded of him represent him as (No.
rious anecdotes recorded of him represent him as (No.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - b
ed.
Lyon, 1677.
An Eng-
dius, who have recorded it only as a report. lish version, with learned and valuable notes, by
During the persecution which the orthodox a presbyter of the church of England” (Fabricius
suffered from Lucius, the Arian patriarch of Alex- calls him Thomas Haywood), was published 8vo.
andria (Lucius, No. 2) during the reign of the London, 1721. Some other homilies of Macarius
emperor Valens, Macarius was banished, together are extant in MS. II. Opuscula. The collection
with his namesake of Alexandria and other Egyp- so termed comprehends seven treatises, all short:
tian solitaries, to an island surrounded by marshes nepi Quraktis kapāías, De Custodia Cordis ; 2. Tepl
and inhabited only by heathens. He died at the TENEIÓTITOS év aveúuatı, De Perfectione in Spiritu ;
age of ninety; and as critics are generally agreed | 3. Slepi apogeuxîs, De Oratione ; 4. Slepi úrouovîts
in placing his death in A. v. 390 or 391, he must kal diarpioews, De Patientia et Discretione ; 5.
have been born about the beginning of the fourth nepi útvoews Toù voós, De Eleratione Mentis ; 6.
century, and have retired to the wilderness about Tepi ayarns, De Charitate ; 7. Teplémeudepias
He is canonized both by the Greek voós, De Libertate Mentis. These Opuscula were
and Latin churches ; his memory is celebrated by first published, with a Latin version, in the The-
the former on the 19th, by the latter on the 15th saurus Asceticus of Possin, 4to. Paris, 1684 ; a more
January. (Socrat. H. E. iv. 23, 24; Sozomen, correct edition both of the text and version was
H. E. iii
. 14, vi. 20; Theodoret, H. E. iv. 21; published by J. G. Pritius, 8vo. Leipzig, 1699 ;
Rufin. I. E. ii. 4 ; and apud Heribert Rosweyd, and again in 1714; and may be regarded as the
De Vita et Verbis Senior. ii. 28 ; Apophthegmata best edition. II. Apophthegmuta. These were
Patrum, apud Coteler. Eccles. Graec. Monum. vol. published partly by Possin in his Thesaurus Asce-
i. p. 524, &c. ; Pallad. Histor. Lausiuc. c. 19; ticus, and partly by Cotelerius in his Ecclesiae
Bolland, Acta Sunctor. a. d. 15 Januar. ; Tillemont, Gruecae Monumenta, vol. i. (4to. Paris, 1677),
Mémoires, vol. viii. p. 574, &c. ; Ceillier, Auteurs among the Apophthegmatu Patrum ; and were sub-
Sacrés, vol. vii. p. 709, &c. )
joined by Pritius to the Opuscula. An English
The writings of Macarius have been the subject version of the Opuscula and of some of the spoph-
of much discussion. Gennadius of Marseilles, our thegmata (those of Possin) was published by Mr.
earliest authority, says (De Viris Illustrib. c. 10) Granville Penn, 12mo. London, 1816, under the
that he wrote only a single Epistola or letter to his title of Institutes of Christian Perfection. All the
juniors in the ascetic life, in which he pointed out works of Macarius, with a Latin version, are given
to them the way of attaining Christian perfection in the Bibliotheca Patrum of Galland, vol. vii. fol.
Miraeus endeavours to identify this Epistola with Venice, 1770. A monastic rule to the compilation
the monastic rule, ascribed to one of the Macarii, of which our Macarius contributed is noticed below
and given in the Codex Regularum of St. Benedict in No. 2. A Latin version of some fragments of
of Anagni ; but which, with the letter which fol. other pieces is given in the Bibliotheca Conciona-
lows it, is rather to be ascribed to Macarius of toria of Combéfis ; and perhaps some pieces remain
Alexandria. The subject would lead us to identify in MS. beside the homilies already mentioned.
the Epistola mentioned by Gennadius with the (Tillemont and Ceillier, Il. cc. ; Pritius, Praefut, in
Opuscula mentioned below, especially as a cursory Macarii Opuscula ; Galland, Bill. Patrum Proleg.
citation by Michael Glycas in his Annales (Pars i. ad vol. vii. ; Oudin, De Scriptorib. Eccles. vol. i. col.
p. 105, ed. Paris, p. 81, ed. Venice, p. 199, ed. 474, seq. ; Cave, Hist. Litt. ad ann. 373, vol. i. p.
Bonn) from “ the Epistles ( evěTIOTonais) of Maca- 256, ed. Oxford, 1740-1742 ; Fabric. Bibl. Gruec.
rius the Great" is found to bear some resemblance vol. viii. p. 361, &c. ; Penn, Pref. to the Institutes
to a passage in the fourth Opusculum, c. 2. The of Mucurius. )
A. D. 330.
## p. 875 (#891) ############################################
MACARIUS.
875
MACARIUS.
2. Of Alexandria, contemporary with the under the title of Regulie SS. Serapionis, lacuri,
foregoing, from whom he is distinguished by the Paphnutii et alterius Macarii; to which the first
epithet ALEXANDRINUS (ó 'Adetavapeús), or Poli of the two Macarii contributed capp. r-viii. , and
TICUS (10A1Tikós), i. e. Urbicus, and sonetimes the second (* alter Macarius") capp. xiii. -xvi.
JUNIOR, Palladius, who lived with him three Tilleniont and others consider these two Macarii
years, has given a tolerably long account of him in to be the Egyptian and the Alexandrian, and ap
his Historia Lausiaca, c. 20 ; but it chiefly consists parently with reason. The liegulu S. Vacurii,
of a record of his supposed miracles. lle was a which some have supposed to be the Epistola of
native of Alexandria where he followed the trade Macarius the Egyptian (No. 1) mentioned by
of a confectioner, and must not be confounded with Gennadius, is ascribed to the Alexandrian by S.
Macarius, the presbyter of Alexandria, who is men- Benedict of Anagni, Holstenius, Tillemont, Fabri-
tioned by Socrates (H. E. i. 27) and Sozomencius, and Galland. Cave hesitates to receive it as
(11. E. ii. 22), and who was accused of sacrilegious genuine. 11. Epistola B. Mucurii duta ad Mona-
violence towards Ischyrus [ATHANASIUs). Our chos
. A Latin version of this is subjoined to the
Macarius forsook his trade to follow a monastic Regula ; it is short and sententious in style. The
life, in which he attained such excellence, that Regula was first printed in the Historiu Monasterii
Palladius (ibid. c. 19) says that, though younger S. Joannis Rcomaensis (p. 24) of the Jesuit Roucrus
than Macarius the Egyptian, he surpassed cven him (Rouvière), 4to. Paris. 1637 ; and was reprinted
in the practice of asceticism. Neither the time together with the Epistola, in the Codex Regulurum
nor the occasion of his embracing a solitary life is of llolstenius (4to. Rome, 1661), and in the Biblio-
known, for the Macarius mentioned by Sozomen theca Putrum of Galland, vol. vii. fol. Venice,
(H. E. vi. 29) appears to be a different person. 1770. III. Tvů dylou Makaplov Toû 'Alejav-
Tillermont has endeavoured to show that his retire- δρέως λόγος περί εξόδου ψυχής δικαίων και αμαρ-
ment took place not later than A. D. 335, but the |τωλών: το πώς χωρίζονται εκ του σώματος, και
founds his calculation on a misconception of a TWS cioiv, Sancti Mucarii Alexandrini Sermo de
passage of Palladius.
Macarius was ordained Exitu Animac Justorum et Peccatorum : quomodo
priest after the Egyptian Macarius, i. e. after a. D. separuntur a Corpore, et in quo Statu manent.
340, and appears to have lived chiefly in that part This was printed, with a Latin version, by Cave
of the desert of Nitria which, from the number of (who, however, regarded it as the forgery of some
the solitaries who had their dwellings there, was later Greek writer), in the notice of Macarius in
termed “the Cells” (“ Cellae," or "Cellulae," td his Historia Litteraria ad ann. 373 (vol. i. fol.
Kendía); but frequently visited, perhaps for a time Lond. 1688, and Oxford, 1740—1742); and was
dwelt, in other parts of the great Lybian wilder- again printed, more correctly, by Tollins, in his
ness, and occasionally at least of the wilderness be- | Insignia Itineris Itulici, 4to. Utrecht, 1696. Tol
tween the Nile and the Red Sea. Galland says lius was not aware that it had been printed by
he became at length archimandrite of Nitria, but Cave. It is given, with the other works of Ma-
does not cite his authority, which was probably carius of Alexandria, in the Bibliotheca Putrum of
the MS. inscription to his Regula given below, and Galland. In one MS. at Vienna it is ascribed to
which is of little value. Philippus Sidetes calls Alexander, an ascetic and disciple of Macarius.
him a teacher and catechist of Alexandria, but Cave is disposed to ascribe to Macarius of Alex-
with what correctness seems very doubtful.
Va- andria the Homiliae of Macarius the Egyptian
rious anecdotes recorded of him represent him as (No. 1). (Cave, l. c. ; Fabric. Bibl. Gruec. vol.
in company with the other Macarius (No. 1) and viii. p. 365 ; Holsten. Codex Regularum, vol. i.
with St. Antony. Many miracles are ascribed to pp. 10–14, 18—21, ed. Augsburg, 1759; Galland,
him, most of which are recorded by Palladius either Biblioth. Patr. Proleg. to vol. vii. ; Tillemont,
as having been seen by himself, or as resting on the Mémoires, vol. viii. pp. 618,648 ; Ceillier, Auteurs
authority of the saint's former companions, but they Sacrés, vol. vii. p. 712, &c. )
are frivolous and absurd. Macarius shared the 3. Of ANCYRA, of which city he was metropo-
exile of his namesake (No. 1) in the persecution litan. Macarius lived in the earlier part of the
which the Arians carried on against the orthodox. fifteenth century, and was author of a work against
He died, according to Tillemont's calculation, in the Latin church and its advocates, entitled Kard
Α. D. 394, but according to Fabricius, in A. D. 404, της των Λατίνων κακοδοξίας και κατά Βαρλαάμ
at the age of 100, in which case he must have been sal 'Akıvõúvov, Adversus Maligna Latinorum Dog-
nearly as old as Macarius the Egyptian. He is mata et contra Barlaam et Acindynum. The work
commemorated in the Roman Calendar on the 2d is extant only in MS. , but has been cited in several
January, and by the Greeks on the 19th January. places by Allatius in his De Eccles. Occident, et
Socrates describes him as characterized by cheerful-Orient. perpet. Consensione. Allatius characterizes
ness of temper and kindness to his juniors, qualities the work as trifling and full of absurdities ; but
which induced many of them to embrace an ascetic Cave considers that the citations given by Allatins
life. (Socrat. H. £. iv. 23, 24 ; Sozom. H. E. iii. himself by no means justify his censure. (Cave,
14, vi. 20; Theodoret. H. E. iv. 21; Rufin. H. E. Hist. Litt. ad ann. 1430; Fabricius, Bibl. Graec.
ii. 4; and apud Heribert Rosweyd, De Vita et vol. viii. p. 367. )
Verbis Senior. ii. 29 ; Pallad. Hist. Lausiac. c. 20; 4. Of ANTIOCH. Macarins was patriarch of
Bolland. Acta Sunctor, a. d. 2 Januar. ; Tillemont, Antioch in the seventh century. He held the
Mémoires, vol. viii. p. 626, &c. )
doctrine of the Monothelites ; and having attended
To this Macarius are ascribed the following the sixth general or third Constantinopolitan
works: - I. Regula S. Macarii qui habuit sub council (A. D. 680, 681), and there boldly avowed
Ordinatione sua quinque Millia Monachorum. This his heresy, affirming that Christ's will was “ that
Regula, which is extánt in a Latin version, consists of a God-man” (Jeavopurviv); and having further
of thirty “ Capita," and must be distinguished from boldly declared that he would rather be torn limb
another, which is also extant in a Litin version, from limb than renounce his opinions, he was de
9
## p. 876 (#892) ############################################
876
MACARIUS.
MACARIUS.
posed and banished. His "Exoegis Ato duoroyla | early part of the fourth century, before that see was
Fríotews, Expositio sive Confessio Fidei ; and some raised to the dignity of a patriarchate ; the other
passages from his Προσφωνητικός προς βασιλέα | in the sixth century.
abyos, Horlatorius ad Imperatorem Sermo; his Macarius I. became bishop in A. D. 313 or 314,
Λόγος αποσταλείς Λουκά πρεσβυτέρα και μοναχο | on the death of Hermon, and died in or before A. D.
Top év 'Appikń, Libcr ad Lucam Presbyterum et 333. He was computed to be the thirty-ninth
Monachum in Africa missus ; and from one or two bishop of the see. His episcopate, therefore, coin-
other of his pieces, are given in the Concilia, vol. cides with one of the most eventful periods in
vi. col. 743, 902, &c. , ed. Labbe ; vol. iii. col. ecclesiastical history. There is extant in Eusebius
1168, 1300, &c. , ed. Hardouin ; vol. xi. col. 349, (De l'ita Constantin. iii. 30—32) and in Theodoret
512, &c. , ed. Mansi. (Cave, Hist. Litt. ad ann. (11. E. i. 17), a letter from Constantine the Great to
680; Fabric. Bill. Graec. vol. viii. 368. ) This Macarius, concerning the building of the church of
heretical Macarius of Antioch is not to be con- the Holy Sepulchre at Jerusalem. Socrates (H. E.
founded with a saint of later date, but of the same i. 17), Sozomen (H. E. ii. 1), and Theodoret (H. E.
name, "archbishop of Antioch in Armenia," who i. 18), also ascribe to him the discovery, by testing
died an exile at Ghent in Flanders, in the early its miraculous efficacy, of the true cross, which had
part of the eleventh century, and of whom an ac- been dug up, with the two on which the thieves bad
count is given by the Bollandists in the Acta suffered, near the Holy Sepulchre. Macarius was
Sanctorum, a. d. 10 Aprilis. Of what Antioch this present at the council of Nice (Sozomen, 11. E. i. 17;
later Macarius was archbishop is not determined. comp. Concilia, vol. i. col. 313, 314, ed. Hardouin);
There is no episcopal city of Antioch in Armenia and, according to the very doubtful authority of
properly so called.
Gelasius of Cyzicus (apud Concilia, col. 417), took
5. Antoni DISCIPULUS, the Disciple of ST. part in the disputations against the Arian philoso-
Antony, or, of Pispir (comp. Nos. I and 2). Pal- phers. He separated himself from the communion
ladius (Ilist. Lausiac. c. 25, 26) mentions two dis- of Eusebius, the historian, bishop of Caesareia, who
ciples of St. Antony, Macarius and Amathas, as was his ecclesiastical superior, on accoant of his
resident with and attendant upon that saint, at supposed Arianism. (Sozomen, H. E. ï. 20;
Mount Pispir, Pispiri, or Pisperi, and as having Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. viii. p. 369; Bolland. Actu
buried hiin after his death. These are probably the Sanctor. Martii, vol. ii. p. 34, and Maii, vol. iii.
two brethren mentioned by Athanasius (Vita S. Tractatus Praelim. pp. xvi. xvii. ; Tillemont, Mê
Antonii, c. 21) as having waited on the aged recluse moires, vol. vi.
dius, who have recorded it only as a report. lish version, with learned and valuable notes, by
During the persecution which the orthodox a presbyter of the church of England” (Fabricius
suffered from Lucius, the Arian patriarch of Alex- calls him Thomas Haywood), was published 8vo.
andria (Lucius, No. 2) during the reign of the London, 1721. Some other homilies of Macarius
emperor Valens, Macarius was banished, together are extant in MS. II. Opuscula. The collection
with his namesake of Alexandria and other Egyp- so termed comprehends seven treatises, all short:
tian solitaries, to an island surrounded by marshes nepi Quraktis kapāías, De Custodia Cordis ; 2. Tepl
and inhabited only by heathens. He died at the TENEIÓTITOS év aveúuatı, De Perfectione in Spiritu ;
age of ninety; and as critics are generally agreed | 3. Slepi apogeuxîs, De Oratione ; 4. Slepi úrouovîts
in placing his death in A. v. 390 or 391, he must kal diarpioews, De Patientia et Discretione ; 5.
have been born about the beginning of the fourth nepi útvoews Toù voós, De Eleratione Mentis ; 6.
century, and have retired to the wilderness about Tepi ayarns, De Charitate ; 7. Teplémeudepias
He is canonized both by the Greek voós, De Libertate Mentis. These Opuscula were
and Latin churches ; his memory is celebrated by first published, with a Latin version, in the The-
the former on the 19th, by the latter on the 15th saurus Asceticus of Possin, 4to. Paris, 1684 ; a more
January. (Socrat. H. E. iv. 23, 24; Sozomen, correct edition both of the text and version was
H. E. iii
. 14, vi. 20; Theodoret, H. E. iv. 21; published by J. G. Pritius, 8vo. Leipzig, 1699 ;
Rufin. I. E. ii. 4 ; and apud Heribert Rosweyd, and again in 1714; and may be regarded as the
De Vita et Verbis Senior. ii. 28 ; Apophthegmata best edition. II. Apophthegmuta. These were
Patrum, apud Coteler. Eccles. Graec. Monum. vol. published partly by Possin in his Thesaurus Asce-
i. p. 524, &c. ; Pallad. Histor. Lausiuc. c. 19; ticus, and partly by Cotelerius in his Ecclesiae
Bolland, Acta Sunctor. a. d. 15 Januar. ; Tillemont, Gruecae Monumenta, vol. i. (4to. Paris, 1677),
Mémoires, vol. viii. p. 574, &c. ; Ceillier, Auteurs among the Apophthegmatu Patrum ; and were sub-
Sacrés, vol. vii. p. 709, &c. )
joined by Pritius to the Opuscula. An English
The writings of Macarius have been the subject version of the Opuscula and of some of the spoph-
of much discussion. Gennadius of Marseilles, our thegmata (those of Possin) was published by Mr.
earliest authority, says (De Viris Illustrib. c. 10) Granville Penn, 12mo. London, 1816, under the
that he wrote only a single Epistola or letter to his title of Institutes of Christian Perfection. All the
juniors in the ascetic life, in which he pointed out works of Macarius, with a Latin version, are given
to them the way of attaining Christian perfection in the Bibliotheca Patrum of Galland, vol. vii. fol.
Miraeus endeavours to identify this Epistola with Venice, 1770. A monastic rule to the compilation
the monastic rule, ascribed to one of the Macarii, of which our Macarius contributed is noticed below
and given in the Codex Regularum of St. Benedict in No. 2. A Latin version of some fragments of
of Anagni ; but which, with the letter which fol. other pieces is given in the Bibliotheca Conciona-
lows it, is rather to be ascribed to Macarius of toria of Combéfis ; and perhaps some pieces remain
Alexandria. The subject would lead us to identify in MS. beside the homilies already mentioned.
the Epistola mentioned by Gennadius with the (Tillemont and Ceillier, Il. cc. ; Pritius, Praefut, in
Opuscula mentioned below, especially as a cursory Macarii Opuscula ; Galland, Bill. Patrum Proleg.
citation by Michael Glycas in his Annales (Pars i. ad vol. vii. ; Oudin, De Scriptorib. Eccles. vol. i. col.
p. 105, ed. Paris, p. 81, ed. Venice, p. 199, ed. 474, seq. ; Cave, Hist. Litt. ad ann. 373, vol. i. p.
Bonn) from “ the Epistles ( evěTIOTonais) of Maca- 256, ed. Oxford, 1740-1742 ; Fabric. Bibl. Gruec.
rius the Great" is found to bear some resemblance vol. viii. p. 361, &c. ; Penn, Pref. to the Institutes
to a passage in the fourth Opusculum, c. 2. The of Mucurius. )
A. D. 330.
## p. 875 (#891) ############################################
MACARIUS.
875
MACARIUS.
2. Of Alexandria, contemporary with the under the title of Regulie SS. Serapionis, lacuri,
foregoing, from whom he is distinguished by the Paphnutii et alterius Macarii; to which the first
epithet ALEXANDRINUS (ó 'Adetavapeús), or Poli of the two Macarii contributed capp. r-viii. , and
TICUS (10A1Tikós), i. e. Urbicus, and sonetimes the second (* alter Macarius") capp. xiii. -xvi.
JUNIOR, Palladius, who lived with him three Tilleniont and others consider these two Macarii
years, has given a tolerably long account of him in to be the Egyptian and the Alexandrian, and ap
his Historia Lausiaca, c. 20 ; but it chiefly consists parently with reason. The liegulu S. Vacurii,
of a record of his supposed miracles. lle was a which some have supposed to be the Epistola of
native of Alexandria where he followed the trade Macarius the Egyptian (No. 1) mentioned by
of a confectioner, and must not be confounded with Gennadius, is ascribed to the Alexandrian by S.
Macarius, the presbyter of Alexandria, who is men- Benedict of Anagni, Holstenius, Tillemont, Fabri-
tioned by Socrates (H. E. i. 27) and Sozomencius, and Galland. Cave hesitates to receive it as
(11. E. ii. 22), and who was accused of sacrilegious genuine. 11. Epistola B. Mucurii duta ad Mona-
violence towards Ischyrus [ATHANASIUs). Our chos
. A Latin version of this is subjoined to the
Macarius forsook his trade to follow a monastic Regula ; it is short and sententious in style. The
life, in which he attained such excellence, that Regula was first printed in the Historiu Monasterii
Palladius (ibid. c. 19) says that, though younger S. Joannis Rcomaensis (p. 24) of the Jesuit Roucrus
than Macarius the Egyptian, he surpassed cven him (Rouvière), 4to. Paris. 1637 ; and was reprinted
in the practice of asceticism. Neither the time together with the Epistola, in the Codex Regulurum
nor the occasion of his embracing a solitary life is of llolstenius (4to. Rome, 1661), and in the Biblio-
known, for the Macarius mentioned by Sozomen theca Putrum of Galland, vol. vii. fol. Venice,
(H. E. vi. 29) appears to be a different person. 1770. III. Tvů dylou Makaplov Toû 'Alejav-
Tillermont has endeavoured to show that his retire- δρέως λόγος περί εξόδου ψυχής δικαίων και αμαρ-
ment took place not later than A. D. 335, but the |τωλών: το πώς χωρίζονται εκ του σώματος, και
founds his calculation on a misconception of a TWS cioiv, Sancti Mucarii Alexandrini Sermo de
passage of Palladius.
Macarius was ordained Exitu Animac Justorum et Peccatorum : quomodo
priest after the Egyptian Macarius, i. e. after a. D. separuntur a Corpore, et in quo Statu manent.
340, and appears to have lived chiefly in that part This was printed, with a Latin version, by Cave
of the desert of Nitria which, from the number of (who, however, regarded it as the forgery of some
the solitaries who had their dwellings there, was later Greek writer), in the notice of Macarius in
termed “the Cells” (“ Cellae," or "Cellulae," td his Historia Litteraria ad ann. 373 (vol. i. fol.
Kendía); but frequently visited, perhaps for a time Lond. 1688, and Oxford, 1740—1742); and was
dwelt, in other parts of the great Lybian wilder- again printed, more correctly, by Tollins, in his
ness, and occasionally at least of the wilderness be- | Insignia Itineris Itulici, 4to. Utrecht, 1696. Tol
tween the Nile and the Red Sea. Galland says lius was not aware that it had been printed by
he became at length archimandrite of Nitria, but Cave. It is given, with the other works of Ma-
does not cite his authority, which was probably carius of Alexandria, in the Bibliotheca Putrum of
the MS. inscription to his Regula given below, and Galland. In one MS. at Vienna it is ascribed to
which is of little value. Philippus Sidetes calls Alexander, an ascetic and disciple of Macarius.
him a teacher and catechist of Alexandria, but Cave is disposed to ascribe to Macarius of Alex-
with what correctness seems very doubtful.
Va- andria the Homiliae of Macarius the Egyptian
rious anecdotes recorded of him represent him as (No. 1). (Cave, l. c. ; Fabric. Bibl. Gruec. vol.
in company with the other Macarius (No. 1) and viii. p. 365 ; Holsten. Codex Regularum, vol. i.
with St. Antony. Many miracles are ascribed to pp. 10–14, 18—21, ed. Augsburg, 1759; Galland,
him, most of which are recorded by Palladius either Biblioth. Patr. Proleg. to vol. vii. ; Tillemont,
as having been seen by himself, or as resting on the Mémoires, vol. viii. pp. 618,648 ; Ceillier, Auteurs
authority of the saint's former companions, but they Sacrés, vol. vii. p. 712, &c. )
are frivolous and absurd. Macarius shared the 3. Of ANCYRA, of which city he was metropo-
exile of his namesake (No. 1) in the persecution litan. Macarius lived in the earlier part of the
which the Arians carried on against the orthodox. fifteenth century, and was author of a work against
He died, according to Tillemont's calculation, in the Latin church and its advocates, entitled Kard
Α. D. 394, but according to Fabricius, in A. D. 404, της των Λατίνων κακοδοξίας και κατά Βαρλαάμ
at the age of 100, in which case he must have been sal 'Akıvõúvov, Adversus Maligna Latinorum Dog-
nearly as old as Macarius the Egyptian. He is mata et contra Barlaam et Acindynum. The work
commemorated in the Roman Calendar on the 2d is extant only in MS. , but has been cited in several
January, and by the Greeks on the 19th January. places by Allatius in his De Eccles. Occident, et
Socrates describes him as characterized by cheerful-Orient. perpet. Consensione. Allatius characterizes
ness of temper and kindness to his juniors, qualities the work as trifling and full of absurdities ; but
which induced many of them to embrace an ascetic Cave considers that the citations given by Allatins
life. (Socrat. H. £. iv. 23, 24 ; Sozom. H. E. iii. himself by no means justify his censure. (Cave,
14, vi. 20; Theodoret. H. E. iv. 21; Rufin. H. E. Hist. Litt. ad ann. 1430; Fabricius, Bibl. Graec.
ii. 4; and apud Heribert Rosweyd, De Vita et vol. viii. p. 367. )
Verbis Senior. ii. 29 ; Pallad. Hist. Lausiac. c. 20; 4. Of ANTIOCH. Macarins was patriarch of
Bolland. Acta Sunctor, a. d. 2 Januar. ; Tillemont, Antioch in the seventh century. He held the
Mémoires, vol. viii. p. 626, &c. )
doctrine of the Monothelites ; and having attended
To this Macarius are ascribed the following the sixth general or third Constantinopolitan
works: - I. Regula S. Macarii qui habuit sub council (A. D. 680, 681), and there boldly avowed
Ordinatione sua quinque Millia Monachorum. This his heresy, affirming that Christ's will was “ that
Regula, which is extánt in a Latin version, consists of a God-man” (Jeavopurviv); and having further
of thirty “ Capita," and must be distinguished from boldly declared that he would rather be torn limb
another, which is also extant in a Litin version, from limb than renounce his opinions, he was de
9
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876
MACARIUS.
MACARIUS.
posed and banished. His "Exoegis Ato duoroyla | early part of the fourth century, before that see was
Fríotews, Expositio sive Confessio Fidei ; and some raised to the dignity of a patriarchate ; the other
passages from his Προσφωνητικός προς βασιλέα | in the sixth century.
abyos, Horlatorius ad Imperatorem Sermo; his Macarius I. became bishop in A. D. 313 or 314,
Λόγος αποσταλείς Λουκά πρεσβυτέρα και μοναχο | on the death of Hermon, and died in or before A. D.
Top év 'Appikń, Libcr ad Lucam Presbyterum et 333. He was computed to be the thirty-ninth
Monachum in Africa missus ; and from one or two bishop of the see. His episcopate, therefore, coin-
other of his pieces, are given in the Concilia, vol. cides with one of the most eventful periods in
vi. col. 743, 902, &c. , ed. Labbe ; vol. iii. col. ecclesiastical history. There is extant in Eusebius
1168, 1300, &c. , ed. Hardouin ; vol. xi. col. 349, (De l'ita Constantin. iii. 30—32) and in Theodoret
512, &c. , ed. Mansi. (Cave, Hist. Litt. ad ann. (11. E. i. 17), a letter from Constantine the Great to
680; Fabric. Bill. Graec. vol. viii. 368. ) This Macarius, concerning the building of the church of
heretical Macarius of Antioch is not to be con- the Holy Sepulchre at Jerusalem. Socrates (H. E.
founded with a saint of later date, but of the same i. 17), Sozomen (H. E. ii. 1), and Theodoret (H. E.
name, "archbishop of Antioch in Armenia," who i. 18), also ascribe to him the discovery, by testing
died an exile at Ghent in Flanders, in the early its miraculous efficacy, of the true cross, which had
part of the eleventh century, and of whom an ac- been dug up, with the two on which the thieves bad
count is given by the Bollandists in the Acta suffered, near the Holy Sepulchre. Macarius was
Sanctorum, a. d. 10 Aprilis. Of what Antioch this present at the council of Nice (Sozomen, 11. E. i. 17;
later Macarius was archbishop is not determined. comp. Concilia, vol. i. col. 313, 314, ed. Hardouin);
There is no episcopal city of Antioch in Armenia and, according to the very doubtful authority of
properly so called.
Gelasius of Cyzicus (apud Concilia, col. 417), took
5. Antoni DISCIPULUS, the Disciple of ST. part in the disputations against the Arian philoso-
Antony, or, of Pispir (comp. Nos. I and 2). Pal- phers. He separated himself from the communion
ladius (Ilist. Lausiac. c. 25, 26) mentions two dis- of Eusebius, the historian, bishop of Caesareia, who
ciples of St. Antony, Macarius and Amathas, as was his ecclesiastical superior, on accoant of his
resident with and attendant upon that saint, at supposed Arianism. (Sozomen, H. E. ï. 20;
Mount Pispir, Pispiri, or Pisperi, and as having Fabric. Bibl. Gr. vol. viii. p. 369; Bolland. Actu
buried hiin after his death. These are probably the Sanctor. Martii, vol. ii. p. 34, and Maii, vol. iii.
two brethren mentioned by Athanasius (Vita S. Tractatus Praelim. pp. xvi. xvii. ; Tillemont, Mê
Antonii, c. 21) as having waited on the aged recluse moires, vol. vi.
