He was worshipped
throughout
Greece and
6.
6.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - c
c.
4
enter
Lycae
entere
and th
cast a
ad Co
tered
they
by ac
Quaes
Creon,
toward
---
## p. 1323 (#1339) ##########################################
ZEUS.
1323
ZEUS.
con all propbetie si
socis, IL Tă 254;
aus. Humenn
Fesh as suas comes from
own choice be ass
rais (Od 1. 250,
5&ch and Sate se
ie is azed with the
1 stakang of bas mens
TIL 593): 3
be Homens poems
1. tbe giberer of cruis
Tied to Herz by am
i Hephaestas, and one
T. 690. Od 1. 641
a independent dans,
eis against ber iord, out
to him, and is scribed
-17, die, rir. 2;
cesses er moral voor
1, though they gesenly
revenge (Il. Ir. 3171
Zeus, at the request of
ojans, anal Agames
se bad done to la
Guasa gud of a sezna
ak with its estable for
e sacred to him as Todas
aiso rain, starms, and
s his work, and bence the
hubey, and corracipia;';
DA, this primit re chez
ertain powers of nature s
e ested, and the pod po
id national divizity, as the
1, as the founder and p>
is haloved by ise, castane
§ 1; Iles. Theog. 617, &c. ) The Titans were golden eagles. The sacrifices offered there were
conquered and shut up in Tartarus (Theog. 717), kept secret. (Paris, viii. 38. & 5; Callim. I. c. 68. )
where they were henceforth guarded by the Heca- 2. The Dodonacan Zeus (Zeus Awówvalos or
toncheires. Thereupon Tartarus and Ge begot nedaryıkós) possessed the most ancient oracle in
Typhoeus, who began a fearful struggle with Zeus, Greece, at Dodona in Epeirus, near mount Tomarus
but was conquered. (Theog. 820, &c. ) Zeus now (Tmarus or Tomurus), from which he derived his
obtained the dominion of the world, and chose name. (Hom. I. ii. 750, xvi. 233 ; Ilerod. ii. 52 ;
Metis for his wife. (Theog. 881, &c. ) When she | Paus. i. 17. § 5 ; Strab. v. p. 338, vi. p. 504 ; Virg.
was pregnant with Athena, he took the child out | Eclog. viii. 44. ) At Dodona Zeus was mainly a
of her body and concealed it in his own, on the ad- prophetic god, and the oak tree was sacred to himn ;
vice of Uranus and Ge, who told him that thereby but there too he was said to have been reared by
he would retain the supremacy of the world. For if the Dodonaean nymphs (Hyades ; Schol. ad Hom.
Metis had given birth to a son, this son (80 fate had | 1. xviii. 186; Hygin. Fub. 182; Ov. Fust. vi. 711,
ordained it) would bave acquired the sovereignty. Met. iii. 314). Respecting the Dodonaean oracle
After this Zeus, by his second wife Themis, be- of Zeus, sec Dict. of Ant. s. v. Oraculum.
came the father of the Horae and Moerae ; of the 3. The Cretan Zeus (Zeus Aiktaius or Konta-
Charites by Eurynome, of Persephone by Demeter, yev's). We have already given the account of
of the Muses by Mnemosyne, of Apollo and Arte- him which is contained in the Theogony of Hesiod.
mis by Leto, and of Hebe, Ares, and Eileithyin le is the god, to whom Rhea, concealed from
by Hera. Athena was born out of the head of Cronos, gave birth in a cave of mount Dicte,
Zeus; while Hera, on the other hand, gave birth to and whom she entrusted to the Curetes and
Hephaestus without the co-operation of Zeus. the nymphs Adrasteia and Ida, the daughters of
(Theog. 886, &c. ) The family of the Cronidae Melisseus. They fed him with milk of the goat
accordingly embraces the twelve great gods of Amaltheia, and the bees of the mountain provided
Olympus, Zeus (the head of them all), Poseidon, him with honey. (Apollod. i. 1. $ 6 ; Callim. I. c. ;
Apollo, Ares, Hermes, Hephaestus, Hestia, De Diod. v. 70 ; comp. Athen. xi. 70; Ov. Fast.
meter, Hera, Athena, Aphrodite, and Artemis. v. 115. ) Crete is called the island or nurse of the
These twelve Olympian gods, who in some places great Zeus, and his worship there appears to have
were worshipped as a body, as at Athens (Thucyd. been very ancient. (Virg. Aen. iii. 104 ; Dionys.
vi. 54), were recognised not only by the Greeks, Perieg. 501. ) Among the places in the island
but were adopted also by the Romans, who, in which were particularly sacred to the god, we must
particular, identified their Jupiter with the Greek mention the district about mount Ida, especially
Zeus.
Cnosus, which was said to have been built by the
In surveying the different local traditions about Curetes, and where Minos had ruled and conversed
Zeus, it would seem that originally there were with Zeus (Hom. Od. xix. 172; Plat. de Leg.
several, at least three, divinities which in their i. l; Diod. v. 70 ; Strab. x. p. 730; Cic. de Nat.
respective countries were supreme, but which in Deor. iii. 21); Gortyn, where the god, in the form
the course of time became united in the minds of of a bull, landed when he had carried off Europa
the people into one great national divinity. We from Phoenicia, and where he was worshipped under
may accordingly speak of an Arcadian, Dodonaean, the surname of Hecatombaeus (Hesych. s. v. ) ;
Cretan, and a national Hellenic Zeus.
further the towns about mount Dicte, as Lyctos
1. The Arcadian Zeus (Zeus Aukaios) was born, (Fles. Theog. 477), Praesos, Hierapytna, Biennos,
according to the legends of the country, in Arcadia, Eleuthernae and Oaxus. (Comp. Hoeck, Creta, i.
either on Mount Parrhasion (Callim. Hymn. in p. 160, &c. , 339, &c. )
Jov. 7, 10), or in a district of Mount Lycaeon, 4. The national Hellenic Zeus, near whose temple
which was called Cretea. (Paus. viii. 38. $ 1; at Olympia in Elis, the great national panegyris
Callim. l. c. 14. ) He was brought up there by was celebrated every fifth year. There too Zevs
the nymphs Theisoa, Neda, and Hagno ; the first was regarded as the father and king of gods and
of these gave her name to an Arcadian town, the men, and as the supreme god of the Hellenic nation,
second to a river, and the third to a well. (Paus. His statue there was executed by Pheidias, a few
viii. 38. $ 2, &c. , 47. $2; comp. Callim. l. c. 33. ) years before the outbreak of the Peloponnesian
Lycaon, a son of Pelasgus, who built the first and war, the majestic and sublime idea for this statue
most ancient town of Lycosura, called Zeus Lycaeus, having been suggested to the artist by the words
and erected a temple and instituted the festival of the of Homer, Il. i. 5:27. (Comp. Hygin. Fab. 223. )
Lyceia in honour of him ; he further offered to him According to the traditions of Elis, Cronos was the
bloody sacrifices, and among others his own son, in first ruler of the country, and in the golden age
consequence of which he was metamorphosed into there was a temple dedicated to him at Olympia.
a wolf (aúkos ; Paus. viii. 2. § 1, 38. $ 1 ; Callim. Rhea, it is further said, entrusted the infant Zeus
l. c. 4 ; Ov. Met. i. 218. ) No one was allowed to to the Idaean Dactyls, who were also called Curetes,
enter the sanctuary of Zeus Lycaeus on Mount and had come from mount Ida in Crete to Elis.
Lycaeon, and there was a belief that, if any one Heracles, one of them, contended with his brother
entered it, he died within twelve months after, Dactyls in a footrace, and adorned the victor with
and that in it neither human beings nor animals a wreath of olive. In this manner he is said to
cast a shadow. (Paus, viii. 38. $ 5 ; comp. Schol. have founded the Olympian games, and Zeus to
ad Callim. Hymn. in Jov. 13. ) Those who en- have contended with Cronos for the kingdom of
tered it intentionally were stoned to death, unless Elis. (Paus. v. 7. $ 4. )
they escaped by tlight ; and those who had got in The Greek and Latin poets give to Zeus an
by accident were sent to Eleutherae. (Plut. immense number of epithets and surnames, which
Quaest. Gr. 39. ) On the highest summit of Ly are derived partly from the places where he was
caeon, there was an altar of Zeus, in front of which, worshipped, and partly from his powers and func-
towards the east, there were two pillars bearing tions.
He was worshipped throughout Greece and
6. &e. ) also calls Zess te
Rhest, and the brother a
lera, Hades, and Position
s children immediately after
ben Rbea was Dear Fry
applied to Cranus and Ge
* the child might be gred
irth came, l'anas and Geet
Crete, requesting ber 10 27
Rhes accordingly concealed
of Mount Aegzece, ad ?
wrapped up in cloch, which die
e dei that it was his son te
Zeus was born and broaden
or Ida (also the Trosa Isi
nie Thebes in Boeotia, sepen
jos in Aetoja According to the
bowever, Zeus grew up in Crez
· Cronos by a cenning device a
made to bring up the cultures de
and first of all ihe stone rid
set up by Zeus at Dephi Ike
delivered the Crciopes from the
h they had been fetiered by Com
i their gratitude provided in
ghtning. On the advice of ben
ated the hundred-armed Gira
$, and Gyes, that they must
6 against the Titans. (Apud i?
is sometimes identiñed rith le
ied a son of Ge. (rechth Sand
## p. 1324 (#1340) ##########################################
1324
ZEUXIPPUS.
ZEUXIS.
Ambassado
which mis
13, 14, X
ZEUX
the discip
(ix. 106)
λόγων.
ZEUX
who are
1. AC
the middl
was at th
of medici:
between
in this
xii. 8. D.
2. A
Hippocr.
Pp. 793,
the writi
Hippocr.
and also
Commen
rol xvi.
limachus
i. 5, vol.
i. l, vol
ii. p. 15
* De H
in Hift
pli. p.
(Erotia
his date
her colonies, so that it would be useless and almost matter, taking part in the investigation that en.
impossible to enumerate all the places. The eagle, sued that he might divert suspicion from himself.
the oak, and the summits of mountains were sacred Some who were put to the torture, falling in with
to him, and his sacrifices generally consisted of the suspicion entertained by many, charged Zeur-
goats, bulls and cows. (Hom. Il. ii. 403 ; Aristot. ippus and Pisistratus with the crime. Zeuxippus
Ethic. v. 10, ix. 2 ; Virg. Aen. iii. 21, ix. 627. ) filed by night to Tanagra, and alarmed lest inform-
His usual attributes are, the sceptre, engle, thun- ation should be given by one of his slaves, who
derbolt, and a figure of Victory in his hand, and was privy to the whole affair, removed from Tana-
sometimes also a cornucopia. The Olympian Zeus gra to Anthedon, thinking the latter a safer place.
sometimes wears a wreath of olive, and the Dodo During his exile he did the Romans some good
nacan Zeus a wreath of oak leaves. In works of service in their wars with Antiochus and Philip.
art Zeus is generally represented as the omnipotent pus. The Roman senate, in return, complied with
father and king of gods and men, according to the a request which he made to them, and wrote to the
idea which had been embodied in the statue of the Boeotians requesting his recall. With this request,
Olympian Zeus by Pheidias. (Müller, Anc. Art however, the Boeotians did not comply, fearing
and its Rem. SS 349–351. )
(L. S. ) lest it should occasion a breach between themselves
ZEU'XIADES (Zevgiáðns), artists. 1. A sta- and Macedonia, and they sent an embassy to Rome
tuary of the school of Lysippus. (SILANION, p. 818, intimating their intention. Zeuxippus himself came
b. ] An interesting confirmation of the truth of to Rome at the same time, and the Romans charged
the reading of Pliny, adopted in the article re- the Aetolians and Achaeans with the duty of car-
ferred to, is furnished by an extant inscription on rying their wishes into execution. The Achaeans
the base of a statue of the orator Hyperides, which did not approve of declaring war for that object,
was published by Spon (Miscell. p. 137) in the but sent an embassy to the Boeotians, who pro-
form TETZIAAHE ENIEI (whence Sillig makes mised to yield to their desire, but did not do 80.
an artist Tensiales, Cutal. Artif. s. v. ); but the true This procedure led to some hostile inroads into
reading, ZETZIAAHE, has been established by Boeotia, and a regular war would have broken out
Visconti (Icon. Grecq. vol. i. p. 272), and adopted if the senate had persisted in their demand ; but
by Welcker (Kunstblatt, 1827, No. 82, pp. 326– they suffered the matter to drop. (Liv. I. c. ; Polyb.
327) and Raoul-Rochette (Lettre à Al. Schorn, xxiii. 2. )
[C. P. M. ]
p. 413, 2nd ed. ). The date of Hyperides (B. C. ZEUXIPPUS (ZEÚČITTOS), artists. 1. A
396—322) agrees with that which must be assigned painter, of Heracleia, who is mentioned by So-
to Zeuxiades on the testimony of Pliny. (See Si- crates in the Protagoras of Plato (p. 318, b. c. ) as
LANION. )
" this young man, who has recently come to the
2. A vase painter, whose name appears on the city” (TOUTOU TOÙ veavlokov Toù vūv veworl T-
bottom of a vase in the Canino collection. The Onuowvtos). Now since the celebrated Zeuxis was
letters however are so indistinct as to make the a native of Heracleia, since his age would just suit
true reading doubtful. Raoul-Rochette reads the date of this allusion [Zeuxis], and since he
ZETEIAAES, Amati ZVZIAAES; both of which is expressly mentioned by Socrates elsewhere (Xen.
forms are equivalent to Zevgiáons ; but Ottfried Mem. i. 4. § 6, Oecon. X. 1), it is difficult to be-
Müller could not read the name at all in a fac- lieve that this Zeuxippus was a different person.
simile of the original work. (R. Rochette, Lettre There is no occasion, however, to suspect the
à 11. Schorn, pp. 63, 64. )
[P. S. ] reading in the passage of the Protagoras. The
ZEUXIDA MUS (Zevtidauos). 1. A king of true explanation is perhaps to be found in the
Sparta, and tenth of the Eurypontidae. He was common tendency of Greek names to assume ab-
grandson of Theopompus, and father of Anaxida- breviated forms; and thus perhaps Zeurippus is no
mus, who succeeded him. (Paus. iii. 7. )
other than the old genuine form of the name Zeuxis.
2. A son of Leotychides, king of Sparta. He There is another passage in which Socrates is
was also named Cyniscus. He died before his made to refer to “the Heracleian stranger," with-
father, leaving a son, Archidamus II. (Herod. vi. out mentioning his name (Xen. Sympos. iv. 63).
11 ; Thuc. ii. 47 ; Paus. iii. 7. ) (E.
2. Sculptor of Argos. (PHiLEAS. ) [P. S. ]
ZEUXIPPE (Zevčinan). 1. A sister of Pa- ZEUXIS (Zeuges), a general in the service of
sithea or Praxithea, was a Naiad and married to Antiochus the Great. He was engaged in the
Pandion, by whom she became the mother of war with Molo, whom he prevented from crossing
Procne, Philomela, Erechtheus and Butes. (Apollod. the Tigris. Being placed under the command of
iii. 14. & 8; comp. Butes. )
Xenoetas, he was left by the latter in charge of
2. A daughter of Lamedon, and the wife of the camp, when he made bis ill-fated attempt to
Sicyon, by whom she was the mother of Chthono- overpower Molo. But he retired on the approach
phyle. (Paus. ii. 6. & 2. )
(L. S. ] of Molo, and suffered the latter to cross the river
ZEUXIPPUS (ZEVELTTOS), a son of Apollo, by without opposition. When Antiochus himself
the nymph Syllis, was king of Sicyon. (Paus. ii. marched against Molo, Zeuxis persuaded him to
6. & 3. )
[L. S. ) cross the river, and was in command of the left
ZEUXIPPUS (Zeúčetrtos), a Boeotian, one wing in the battle that ensued. He also took a
of the partisans of the Romans. When Brachyllas prominent part in the siege of Seleucia. lyb. v.
was made Boeotarch he and some others hetook 45—60. ) It is perhaps this same Zeuxis whom
themselves to T. Quinctius at Elatea, and gained we find satrap of Lydia under Antiochus the Great
his sanction for the assassination of Brachyllas, (Polyb. xxi. 13. ) To him Philippus, when at war
which they accomplished with the aid of Alexa- with Attalus, applied for a supply of corn, which
menus, the general of the Aetolians, who provided he obtained. (Polyb. xvi. 1, 24. ) In the decisive
them with the instruments for effecting their nefa- battle with the Ronians, Zeuxis was one of the
rious project. (Liv. xxxiii. 27, 28; Polyb. xviii. commanders of the front line (Appian, Syr. 33),
26. ) Zeuxippus at first put a bold face upon the and after the defeat of Antiochus was one of the
of the t
of the
Hippoc
196;
YOL Xv
Med,
comme
time,
Hippos
A bra
Mead
certain
a Smy
Оeatra
Gesch,
berg,
Méd,
ZE
painte
Partba
renow
Datire
name
formed
of Ha
for ne
celebr
Croto
decide
donia
Arche
show
on fa
celebt
exten
forme
Bentl-
found
## p. 1325 (#1341) ##########################################
5
1325
ZEUXIS.
ZEUXIS.
-
isrestigation the
suspicioa ra bax
wrtere, faz nie
mary, cezrred 23
ibe crise Terra
od sjarmed'ess
one of his save,
7, removed frio
: the latter a saber part
the Romans served
Artxbes and P:
, in return, con sedih
to them, and rate to the
reall With this
did not corps, farm
breach between bensis
i sent an em baut w Rose
A Zeux ppus bissie
le, and the Rosas and
ears with the cat o
eIeca::en.
enter
Lycae
entere
and th
cast a
ad Co
tered
they
by ac
Quaes
Creon,
toward
---
## p. 1323 (#1339) ##########################################
ZEUS.
1323
ZEUS.
con all propbetie si
socis, IL Tă 254;
aus. Humenn
Fesh as suas comes from
own choice be ass
rais (Od 1. 250,
5&ch and Sate se
ie is azed with the
1 stakang of bas mens
TIL 593): 3
be Homens poems
1. tbe giberer of cruis
Tied to Herz by am
i Hephaestas, and one
T. 690. Od 1. 641
a independent dans,
eis against ber iord, out
to him, and is scribed
-17, die, rir. 2;
cesses er moral voor
1, though they gesenly
revenge (Il. Ir. 3171
Zeus, at the request of
ojans, anal Agames
se bad done to la
Guasa gud of a sezna
ak with its estable for
e sacred to him as Todas
aiso rain, starms, and
s his work, and bence the
hubey, and corracipia;';
DA, this primit re chez
ertain powers of nature s
e ested, and the pod po
id national divizity, as the
1, as the founder and p>
is haloved by ise, castane
§ 1; Iles. Theog. 617, &c. ) The Titans were golden eagles. The sacrifices offered there were
conquered and shut up in Tartarus (Theog. 717), kept secret. (Paris, viii. 38. & 5; Callim. I. c. 68. )
where they were henceforth guarded by the Heca- 2. The Dodonacan Zeus (Zeus Awówvalos or
toncheires. Thereupon Tartarus and Ge begot nedaryıkós) possessed the most ancient oracle in
Typhoeus, who began a fearful struggle with Zeus, Greece, at Dodona in Epeirus, near mount Tomarus
but was conquered. (Theog. 820, &c. ) Zeus now (Tmarus or Tomurus), from which he derived his
obtained the dominion of the world, and chose name. (Hom. I. ii. 750, xvi. 233 ; Ilerod. ii. 52 ;
Metis for his wife. (Theog. 881, &c. ) When she | Paus. i. 17. § 5 ; Strab. v. p. 338, vi. p. 504 ; Virg.
was pregnant with Athena, he took the child out | Eclog. viii. 44. ) At Dodona Zeus was mainly a
of her body and concealed it in his own, on the ad- prophetic god, and the oak tree was sacred to himn ;
vice of Uranus and Ge, who told him that thereby but there too he was said to have been reared by
he would retain the supremacy of the world. For if the Dodonaean nymphs (Hyades ; Schol. ad Hom.
Metis had given birth to a son, this son (80 fate had | 1. xviii. 186; Hygin. Fub. 182; Ov. Fust. vi. 711,
ordained it) would bave acquired the sovereignty. Met. iii. 314). Respecting the Dodonaean oracle
After this Zeus, by his second wife Themis, be- of Zeus, sec Dict. of Ant. s. v. Oraculum.
came the father of the Horae and Moerae ; of the 3. The Cretan Zeus (Zeus Aiktaius or Konta-
Charites by Eurynome, of Persephone by Demeter, yev's). We have already given the account of
of the Muses by Mnemosyne, of Apollo and Arte- him which is contained in the Theogony of Hesiod.
mis by Leto, and of Hebe, Ares, and Eileithyin le is the god, to whom Rhea, concealed from
by Hera. Athena was born out of the head of Cronos, gave birth in a cave of mount Dicte,
Zeus; while Hera, on the other hand, gave birth to and whom she entrusted to the Curetes and
Hephaestus without the co-operation of Zeus. the nymphs Adrasteia and Ida, the daughters of
(Theog. 886, &c. ) The family of the Cronidae Melisseus. They fed him with milk of the goat
accordingly embraces the twelve great gods of Amaltheia, and the bees of the mountain provided
Olympus, Zeus (the head of them all), Poseidon, him with honey. (Apollod. i. 1. $ 6 ; Callim. I. c. ;
Apollo, Ares, Hermes, Hephaestus, Hestia, De Diod. v. 70 ; comp. Athen. xi. 70; Ov. Fast.
meter, Hera, Athena, Aphrodite, and Artemis. v. 115. ) Crete is called the island or nurse of the
These twelve Olympian gods, who in some places great Zeus, and his worship there appears to have
were worshipped as a body, as at Athens (Thucyd. been very ancient. (Virg. Aen. iii. 104 ; Dionys.
vi. 54), were recognised not only by the Greeks, Perieg. 501. ) Among the places in the island
but were adopted also by the Romans, who, in which were particularly sacred to the god, we must
particular, identified their Jupiter with the Greek mention the district about mount Ida, especially
Zeus.
Cnosus, which was said to have been built by the
In surveying the different local traditions about Curetes, and where Minos had ruled and conversed
Zeus, it would seem that originally there were with Zeus (Hom. Od. xix. 172; Plat. de Leg.
several, at least three, divinities which in their i. l; Diod. v. 70 ; Strab. x. p. 730; Cic. de Nat.
respective countries were supreme, but which in Deor. iii. 21); Gortyn, where the god, in the form
the course of time became united in the minds of of a bull, landed when he had carried off Europa
the people into one great national divinity. We from Phoenicia, and where he was worshipped under
may accordingly speak of an Arcadian, Dodonaean, the surname of Hecatombaeus (Hesych. s. v. ) ;
Cretan, and a national Hellenic Zeus.
further the towns about mount Dicte, as Lyctos
1. The Arcadian Zeus (Zeus Aukaios) was born, (Fles. Theog. 477), Praesos, Hierapytna, Biennos,
according to the legends of the country, in Arcadia, Eleuthernae and Oaxus. (Comp. Hoeck, Creta, i.
either on Mount Parrhasion (Callim. Hymn. in p. 160, &c. , 339, &c. )
Jov. 7, 10), or in a district of Mount Lycaeon, 4. The national Hellenic Zeus, near whose temple
which was called Cretea. (Paus. viii. 38. $ 1; at Olympia in Elis, the great national panegyris
Callim. l. c. 14. ) He was brought up there by was celebrated every fifth year. There too Zevs
the nymphs Theisoa, Neda, and Hagno ; the first was regarded as the father and king of gods and
of these gave her name to an Arcadian town, the men, and as the supreme god of the Hellenic nation,
second to a river, and the third to a well. (Paus. His statue there was executed by Pheidias, a few
viii. 38. $ 2, &c. , 47. $2; comp. Callim. l. c. 33. ) years before the outbreak of the Peloponnesian
Lycaon, a son of Pelasgus, who built the first and war, the majestic and sublime idea for this statue
most ancient town of Lycosura, called Zeus Lycaeus, having been suggested to the artist by the words
and erected a temple and instituted the festival of the of Homer, Il. i. 5:27. (Comp. Hygin. Fab. 223. )
Lyceia in honour of him ; he further offered to him According to the traditions of Elis, Cronos was the
bloody sacrifices, and among others his own son, in first ruler of the country, and in the golden age
consequence of which he was metamorphosed into there was a temple dedicated to him at Olympia.
a wolf (aúkos ; Paus. viii. 2. § 1, 38. $ 1 ; Callim. Rhea, it is further said, entrusted the infant Zeus
l. c. 4 ; Ov. Met. i. 218. ) No one was allowed to to the Idaean Dactyls, who were also called Curetes,
enter the sanctuary of Zeus Lycaeus on Mount and had come from mount Ida in Crete to Elis.
Lycaeon, and there was a belief that, if any one Heracles, one of them, contended with his brother
entered it, he died within twelve months after, Dactyls in a footrace, and adorned the victor with
and that in it neither human beings nor animals a wreath of olive. In this manner he is said to
cast a shadow. (Paus, viii. 38. $ 5 ; comp. Schol. have founded the Olympian games, and Zeus to
ad Callim. Hymn. in Jov. 13. ) Those who en- have contended with Cronos for the kingdom of
tered it intentionally were stoned to death, unless Elis. (Paus. v. 7. $ 4. )
they escaped by tlight ; and those who had got in The Greek and Latin poets give to Zeus an
by accident were sent to Eleutherae. (Plut. immense number of epithets and surnames, which
Quaest. Gr. 39. ) On the highest summit of Ly are derived partly from the places where he was
caeon, there was an altar of Zeus, in front of which, worshipped, and partly from his powers and func-
towards the east, there were two pillars bearing tions.
He was worshipped throughout Greece and
6. &e. ) also calls Zess te
Rhest, and the brother a
lera, Hades, and Position
s children immediately after
ben Rbea was Dear Fry
applied to Cranus and Ge
* the child might be gred
irth came, l'anas and Geet
Crete, requesting ber 10 27
Rhes accordingly concealed
of Mount Aegzece, ad ?
wrapped up in cloch, which die
e dei that it was his son te
Zeus was born and broaden
or Ida (also the Trosa Isi
nie Thebes in Boeotia, sepen
jos in Aetoja According to the
bowever, Zeus grew up in Crez
· Cronos by a cenning device a
made to bring up the cultures de
and first of all ihe stone rid
set up by Zeus at Dephi Ike
delivered the Crciopes from the
h they had been fetiered by Com
i their gratitude provided in
ghtning. On the advice of ben
ated the hundred-armed Gira
$, and Gyes, that they must
6 against the Titans. (Apud i?
is sometimes identiñed rith le
ied a son of Ge. (rechth Sand
## p. 1324 (#1340) ##########################################
1324
ZEUXIPPUS.
ZEUXIS.
Ambassado
which mis
13, 14, X
ZEUX
the discip
(ix. 106)
λόγων.
ZEUX
who are
1. AC
the middl
was at th
of medici:
between
in this
xii. 8. D.
2. A
Hippocr.
Pp. 793,
the writi
Hippocr.
and also
Commen
rol xvi.
limachus
i. 5, vol.
i. l, vol
ii. p. 15
* De H
in Hift
pli. p.
(Erotia
his date
her colonies, so that it would be useless and almost matter, taking part in the investigation that en.
impossible to enumerate all the places. The eagle, sued that he might divert suspicion from himself.
the oak, and the summits of mountains were sacred Some who were put to the torture, falling in with
to him, and his sacrifices generally consisted of the suspicion entertained by many, charged Zeur-
goats, bulls and cows. (Hom. Il. ii. 403 ; Aristot. ippus and Pisistratus with the crime. Zeuxippus
Ethic. v. 10, ix. 2 ; Virg. Aen. iii. 21, ix. 627. ) filed by night to Tanagra, and alarmed lest inform-
His usual attributes are, the sceptre, engle, thun- ation should be given by one of his slaves, who
derbolt, and a figure of Victory in his hand, and was privy to the whole affair, removed from Tana-
sometimes also a cornucopia. The Olympian Zeus gra to Anthedon, thinking the latter a safer place.
sometimes wears a wreath of olive, and the Dodo During his exile he did the Romans some good
nacan Zeus a wreath of oak leaves. In works of service in their wars with Antiochus and Philip.
art Zeus is generally represented as the omnipotent pus. The Roman senate, in return, complied with
father and king of gods and men, according to the a request which he made to them, and wrote to the
idea which had been embodied in the statue of the Boeotians requesting his recall. With this request,
Olympian Zeus by Pheidias. (Müller, Anc. Art however, the Boeotians did not comply, fearing
and its Rem. SS 349–351. )
(L. S. ) lest it should occasion a breach between themselves
ZEU'XIADES (Zevgiáðns), artists. 1. A sta- and Macedonia, and they sent an embassy to Rome
tuary of the school of Lysippus. (SILANION, p. 818, intimating their intention. Zeuxippus himself came
b. ] An interesting confirmation of the truth of to Rome at the same time, and the Romans charged
the reading of Pliny, adopted in the article re- the Aetolians and Achaeans with the duty of car-
ferred to, is furnished by an extant inscription on rying their wishes into execution. The Achaeans
the base of a statue of the orator Hyperides, which did not approve of declaring war for that object,
was published by Spon (Miscell. p. 137) in the but sent an embassy to the Boeotians, who pro-
form TETZIAAHE ENIEI (whence Sillig makes mised to yield to their desire, but did not do 80.
an artist Tensiales, Cutal. Artif. s. v. ); but the true This procedure led to some hostile inroads into
reading, ZETZIAAHE, has been established by Boeotia, and a regular war would have broken out
Visconti (Icon. Grecq. vol. i. p. 272), and adopted if the senate had persisted in their demand ; but
by Welcker (Kunstblatt, 1827, No. 82, pp. 326– they suffered the matter to drop. (Liv. I. c. ; Polyb.
327) and Raoul-Rochette (Lettre à Al. Schorn, xxiii. 2. )
[C. P. M. ]
p. 413, 2nd ed. ). The date of Hyperides (B. C. ZEUXIPPUS (ZEÚČITTOS), artists. 1. A
396—322) agrees with that which must be assigned painter, of Heracleia, who is mentioned by So-
to Zeuxiades on the testimony of Pliny. (See Si- crates in the Protagoras of Plato (p. 318, b. c. ) as
LANION. )
" this young man, who has recently come to the
2. A vase painter, whose name appears on the city” (TOUTOU TOÙ veavlokov Toù vūv veworl T-
bottom of a vase in the Canino collection. The Onuowvtos). Now since the celebrated Zeuxis was
letters however are so indistinct as to make the a native of Heracleia, since his age would just suit
true reading doubtful. Raoul-Rochette reads the date of this allusion [Zeuxis], and since he
ZETEIAAES, Amati ZVZIAAES; both of which is expressly mentioned by Socrates elsewhere (Xen.
forms are equivalent to Zevgiáons ; but Ottfried Mem. i. 4. § 6, Oecon. X. 1), it is difficult to be-
Müller could not read the name at all in a fac- lieve that this Zeuxippus was a different person.
simile of the original work. (R. Rochette, Lettre There is no occasion, however, to suspect the
à 11. Schorn, pp. 63, 64. )
[P. S. ] reading in the passage of the Protagoras. The
ZEUXIDA MUS (Zevtidauos). 1. A king of true explanation is perhaps to be found in the
Sparta, and tenth of the Eurypontidae. He was common tendency of Greek names to assume ab-
grandson of Theopompus, and father of Anaxida- breviated forms; and thus perhaps Zeurippus is no
mus, who succeeded him. (Paus. iii. 7. )
other than the old genuine form of the name Zeuxis.
2. A son of Leotychides, king of Sparta. He There is another passage in which Socrates is
was also named Cyniscus. He died before his made to refer to “the Heracleian stranger," with-
father, leaving a son, Archidamus II. (Herod. vi. out mentioning his name (Xen. Sympos. iv. 63).
11 ; Thuc. ii. 47 ; Paus. iii. 7. ) (E.
2. Sculptor of Argos. (PHiLEAS. ) [P. S. ]
ZEUXIPPE (Zevčinan). 1. A sister of Pa- ZEUXIS (Zeuges), a general in the service of
sithea or Praxithea, was a Naiad and married to Antiochus the Great. He was engaged in the
Pandion, by whom she became the mother of war with Molo, whom he prevented from crossing
Procne, Philomela, Erechtheus and Butes. (Apollod. the Tigris. Being placed under the command of
iii. 14. & 8; comp. Butes. )
Xenoetas, he was left by the latter in charge of
2. A daughter of Lamedon, and the wife of the camp, when he made bis ill-fated attempt to
Sicyon, by whom she was the mother of Chthono- overpower Molo. But he retired on the approach
phyle. (Paus. ii. 6. & 2. )
(L. S. ] of Molo, and suffered the latter to cross the river
ZEUXIPPUS (ZEVELTTOS), a son of Apollo, by without opposition. When Antiochus himself
the nymph Syllis, was king of Sicyon. (Paus. ii. marched against Molo, Zeuxis persuaded him to
6. & 3. )
[L. S. ) cross the river, and was in command of the left
ZEUXIPPUS (Zeúčetrtos), a Boeotian, one wing in the battle that ensued. He also took a
of the partisans of the Romans. When Brachyllas prominent part in the siege of Seleucia. lyb. v.
was made Boeotarch he and some others hetook 45—60. ) It is perhaps this same Zeuxis whom
themselves to T. Quinctius at Elatea, and gained we find satrap of Lydia under Antiochus the Great
his sanction for the assassination of Brachyllas, (Polyb. xxi. 13. ) To him Philippus, when at war
which they accomplished with the aid of Alexa- with Attalus, applied for a supply of corn, which
menus, the general of the Aetolians, who provided he obtained. (Polyb. xvi. 1, 24. ) In the decisive
them with the instruments for effecting their nefa- battle with the Ronians, Zeuxis was one of the
rious project. (Liv. xxxiii. 27, 28; Polyb. xviii. commanders of the front line (Appian, Syr. 33),
26. ) Zeuxippus at first put a bold face upon the and after the defeat of Antiochus was one of the
of the t
of the
Hippoc
196;
YOL Xv
Med,
comme
time,
Hippos
A bra
Mead
certain
a Smy
Оeatra
Gesch,
berg,
Méd,
ZE
painte
Partba
renow
Datire
name
formed
of Ha
for ne
celebr
Croto
decide
donia
Arche
show
on fa
celebt
exten
forme
Bentl-
found
## p. 1325 (#1341) ##########################################
5
1325
ZEUXIS.
ZEUXIS.
-
isrestigation the
suspicioa ra bax
wrtere, faz nie
mary, cezrred 23
ibe crise Terra
od sjarmed'ess
one of his save,
7, removed frio
: the latter a saber part
the Romans served
Artxbes and P:
, in return, con sedih
to them, and rate to the
reall With this
did not corps, farm
breach between bensis
i sent an em baut w Rose
A Zeux ppus bissie
le, and the Rosas and
ears with the cat o
eIeca::en.
