961, which were however unable to cope with the rebel
was first published in Greek and Latin by Fl.
was first published in Greek and Latin by Fl.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - c
His work περί ημερών και νυκτών, de Dictus ct
In January 716, he was proclaimed cmperor, and Noctibus, was published from a M$. in the liti-
in the following year he prudently abdicated, and can, in Latin only, with ancient Scholin, and
left the throne for Leo the Isurinn, who com- figures, by Jos. Aurin, Romac, 1591, 410. ; the
manded the troops in the East. Theodosius spent propositions, without demonstrations, having been
the rest of his life in the tranquil retirement of a previously edited by Conmd Dasypodius, Argen-
nionastery.
(G. L. ) torat. 1572, 8vo. Fabricius states that the book
TIIEODO'SIUS, literary. 1. Of Bithynia, a nepi oikhrew was also published in Latin, by Jos.
mathematician, who is referred to by Vitruvius Auria, Romae, 1587, 410. ; but the edition is not
(ix. 9. s. 8. $ 1, Schneid. ) as the inventor of a mentioned in Hoffmann's Lcxicon Bibliographicum.
universal sun-dial (horológium após tây kliua). In the great collection of the works of the ancient
Strabo (xii. p. 566) mentions him among the emi- mathematicians, planned by Edward Bernard, after
nent natives of Bithynia, and informs us that his whose death the synopsis of the intended edition was
were also mathematicians. He must have published by Thomas Smith, Lond. 1704, 8vo. ,
lived before the time of Augustus, and therefore he the known works of Theodosius were to have had
cannot be, as some have supposed, the same person a place in the seventh volume. There are many
as Theodosius of Tripolis, who appears to have MSS. of the above three works, in the principal
flourished later than the reign of Trajan. (See libraries of Europe, in Greek, Latin, and Arabic.
No. 2. )
The other works of Theodosius appear to be en-
2. Of Tripolis, a mathematician and astronomer tirely lost. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. iv. pp. 21-
of some distinction, was a philosopher of the sect 23, 213; Menag. ad Diog. Laërt. ix. 70. )
of the Sceptics, or, to speak more exactly, a fol- 3. Another native of Tripolis of this name, is
lower of Pyrrhon, whose philosophy, Theodosius mentioned by Suidas (s. v. ) as the author of an
himself contended, ought not properly to be called heroic poem on the Spring, and of various other
sceptical (Diog. Laërt. ix. 70). Among other works works (ěypaye dié wv els td čap, kai étepa Giáo
of his, Suidas (s. v. ) mentions a Commentary on popa). Eudocia (p. 229) identifies him with the
the kepárala of Theudas, who appears from preceding.
another passage of Diogenes (ix. 116) to have 4. A Neo-Platonist, the disciple of Ammonius,
lived not very long before the time of Sextus Em- and the father-in-law of Zethus, the disciple of
piricus, and therefore about the reign of Trajan. Plotinus. (Porphyr. Vit. Plot. 7. )
Suidas also enumerates σκεπτικά κεφάλαια among 5. Of Alexandria, a grammarian, whose Com-
the works of Theodosius (s. v. and also s. v. Ilup mentary on the texun 7 paypatinú of Dionysius
fórws), and the same work is mentioned by Thrax, as well as a work by him nepl opov, and
Diogenes (ix. 70). Of the ancient mathematicians, other grammatical works, and also a Commentary
Ptolemy does not refer to Theodosins, but his on Theodosius himself, by Georgius Choeroboscus,
works are quoted by Theon, in his Commentary exist in MS. in various libraries. A full account
on Ptolemy, by Pappus, in his ouvaywrh, and by of these MSS. is given by Fabricius and Harless
Proclus, in his Hypotyposis Astronomica, p. 7. (Bibl. Graec. vol. vi. pp. 301, 308, 350). He is
Suidas mentions the following as his mathema- supposed to have lived about the time of Constan-
tical and astronomical works :- Epaipinà év B:6- tine the Great. His chief grammatical work, the
λίους τρισίν, Περί ημερών και νυκτων δύο, υπό- commentary on Dionysius, amplified by the addi-
μνημα εις το 'Αρχιμήδους Εφόδιον, Διαγραφάς tions of later Byzantine grammarians, was pub-
oikiwv dv Bibalois v', 'Aotporoziká, nepl oinh. lished by C. G. Göttling, under the title of Theo-
gew. Of these works, some have been printed. dosii Alexandrini Grammatica, Lips. 1822, 8vo. ;
The work on the Sphere, which is a treatise on the the Prooemium having been published before in
properties of the sphere, and of the circles described Osann's Philemonis Grammatici quae supersunt,
on its surface, was first published in an ancient Latin Berol. 1821, 8vo. , and a portion of the work, under
version, edited by John Vögelin, Paris, 1529, 4to. ; the title of Theodori Grammatici Alex. Canones de
and other Latin versions were published by F. Declinationc Nominum et Conjugatione Verborum, by
Maurolycus, with the Sphaerica of Menelaus, and Imm. Bekker, in the third volume of his Anecdotá,
the work of Autolycus on the Sphere, Messanae, Berol. 1821, 8vo. (Hoffman, Lexicon Bibliograph.
1558, fol. ; by Jos. Auria, with Autolycus, from six Scriptor. Graecorum. )
MSS. in the Vatican, 1588, 4to. ; by Dr. Isaac 6. Respecting Theodosius, surnamed å pikpós, a
Barrow, in his edition of Archimedes, Lond. 1675, supposed Epitomator of Dion Cassius, but appa-
4to. ; and by And. Celsius, Upsal. 1730, 12mo. rently in fact only a copyist, see Harless's ad-
The first edition of the Greek text was published ditions to the notice of him by Fabricius. (Bill.
by Joannes Pena, the royal mathematician of Graec. vol. v. p. 142. )
France, Bellov. 1558, 4to. : many of the demon- 7. MELITINUS, a Byzantine historian, a MS. copy
strations, which are defective in the work of of whose Chronicon was brought from Constanti-
Theodosius, were supplied by Pena from Euclid's nople to Tübingen by Stephen Gerlach, a fragment
Elements, and other geometrical works, both an- of which, respecting the inarriage of the emperor
1
1
## p. 1072 (#1088) ##########################################
1072
THEODOTIUS.
THEODOTUS.
Theophilus with Thcodora of Paphlagonia, in A. D. THEODOTUS (Đó6oTos), historical. 1. A
830, was appended to the epitome of the Acthiopica Macedonian in the service of Antigonus, king of
of Heliodorus, published by Martin Crusius at Asia. In B. c. 315 he commanded a fleet with which
Frankfort, 1584. The entire work has never been he was preparing to join Antigonus, when he was
printed. There is also a MS. in the royal library surprised by Polycleitus, the adıniral of Ptolemy,
at Munich. (Fabric. Bibl. Gracc. vol. vii. p. 472; on the coast of Lycia, all his slips captured, and
Vossius, de Hist. Graec. p. 504, ed. Westermann ; he himself mortally wounded. (Diod. xix. 61. )
Tafel, de Tlucodosio Melitino, incditae llistoriue 2. An officer who was entrusted by Lysimachus
Byzantinae scriptore, ex Codice Tubingensi Notitia with the important charge of the citadel of Sardes,
Literaria, Prog. Acad. Tubing. 1828, 4to. ) in which he for a time defied all the efforts of
8. Another writer of the history of the later Roman Seleucus. But that monarch, having at length
empire, was a Syracusan monk, in the tenth century proclaimed a reward of 100 talents for the head
of our era. He wrote an account of the taking of Sy- of Theodotus, rendered the latter so suspicious of
racuse by the Spanish Arabs, in the form of a letter his own followers, that he himself secretly opened
to Leo Diaconus, a Latin version of which, by the the gates of the fortress to Seleucus. (Polyacn. iv.
monk Joasaph, or Josaphat, has been published in I. $ 4. )
a more or less complete form in the various col- 3. A Rhodian to whose judicious advice in regard
lections of works on the history of Italy (Mura- to the management of his elephants Antiochus I.
tori, Script. Rer. Ital. vol. i. pt. ii. p. 257, a). The king of Syria was mainly indebted for the great
Greek text was first published, with a new Latin victory over the Gauls, to which he owed the
version and notes, by C. B. Ilase, in his edition of security of his throne and kingdom (Lucian, Zcuxis,
Leo Diaconis, Paris, 1819, fol. (Vossius, de llist. 9, 10; Droysen, Hellenism. vol. ii. p. 232. )
Grucc. p. 504, ed. Westermann ; Hoffmann, Leri- 4. Surnamed HemioLIUS ('Huibacos, probably
con. Bibliograph. Scriptor. Graccorum, s. vv. T'hco- as suggested by Schweighäuser from his unusual
dosius and Leo. )
stature), was a general in the service of Antiochus
9. DIACONUS, a third Byzantine historian, who the Great, by whom he was sent in B. c. 222
appears to have lived about the same time as the together with Xenon against Molon, who bad
preceding, was the author of five åkpokoers in raised the standard of revolt in the eastern provinces
jambic verse, on the sulyject of the expedition of of the monarchy (MoLox). The two generals
Nicephorus Phocas to Crete, in A. D.
961, which were however unable to cope with the rebel
was first published in Greek and Latin by Fl. Cor- satrap, and withdrew within the walls of the cities,
nelinis, in his Cretu Sucra, Venet. 1755, 4to. ; leaving him in possession of the open country.
again, by P. F. Fogginius, in his Nora Appendix (Polyb. v. 42, 43. ) After the final defeat of Molon
Corporis Historiae Byzantinae, Romae, 1777, fol. ; by Antiochus himself, Theodotus was selected by
and lastly, with notes and a vocabulary of words that monarch to take the command in Coele Syria,
peculiar to the author, by F. Jacobs, in his edition while he himself undertook to reduce Seleucia.
of Leo Diaconus, in the Corpus Script. Hist. By What Theodotus accomplished at this time we
zant. Bonn. 1828, 8vo. (Fabric. Bibl. Gracc. vol. vii. know not, but the next year (B. C. 219) we find
p. 533 ; Vossius, de Hist. Groc. l. C. ; Hoffmann, him serving under the immediate command of
Lericon, U. cc. )
Antiochus himself, and bearing an important share
10. A monk, the titles of whose answer to the in the action against Nicolaus the general of
arguments against the resurrection of the body, Ptolemy, near Porphyreon, as well as shortly after
and another work in reſutation of John Philo- at the siege of Rabbatamana. On both these
ponus, are given by Photius (Bibl. Cod. 22, comp. occasions he was associated with Nicarchus, with
Cod. 22. )
[P. S. ] whom he also shared in the command of the
THEODO'SIUS (€086010s), a physician who phalanx at the memorable battle of Raplıia, B. C.
must have lived in or before the fifth century after 217. After that great defeat he was chosen by
Christ, as he is quoted by Aëtius (ii. 2. 54, p. Antiochus as one of the ambassadors whom he sent
276). He is perhaps the same person who is to Ptolemy to sue for peace. (Id. v. 59, 68, 69, 71,
quoted by Rhazes. (See Haller's Bibl. Med. Pract. 79, 83, 87. )
vol. i. p. 351. ) [THEODOTIUs. ] [W. A. G. ) 5. An Aetolian, who at the accession of Anti-
THEO'DOTA (€0ðórn), an Athenian cour- ochus the Great (B. C. 223) held the command of
tezan, and one of the most celebrated persons of the important province of Coele Syria for Ptolemy
that class in Greece (Liban. vol. i. p. 582), is Philopator king of Egypt. He was an able general,
introduced as a speaker in one of the dialogues in and repulsed with ease the first attack made by
Xenophon's Memorabilia (iii. 11), where some in- the king of Syria upon his government, but instead
formation is given respecting her. (Comp. Ath. v. of being rewarded by Ptolemy for his services, he
p. 220, f. ) She at last attached herself to Alci- was recalled to Alexandria, where he nearly fell a
biades, and, after his murder, she performed his victim to the intrigues of some of the courriers and
funeral rites. (Ath. xiii. p. 574, f. ; Cobet, Prosop. favourites of the king. Disgusted with this treat-
Xenoph. pp. 83, foll. )
[P. S. ] ment, and despising the vices and luxury of
THEODO TIUS (€0dótlos), the author of a Ptolemy, when he was again suffered to resume
medical formula, quoted by Alexander Trallianus the command in Coele Syria (B. C. 219) he con-
(xi. I. p. 310), who is called by him ó $116copos. ceived the design of betraying that province into
He may perhaps be the same person who is called the hands of Antiochus. His overtures were readily
Theodosius. The word occurs in several other pas- welcomed, and he surrendered the two important
sages of Alexander Trallianus and of Aëtius, but fortresses of Tyre and Ptolemaïs to the Syrian
probably in each it is the name of a medicine, and monarch, whom he immediately joined with the
not of a man. (See Fabric. Bill. Gr. vol. viii. p. forces under his command. Nicolaus however
329, xii. 602, xiii. 433, ed. vet. ) (SEVERUS, p. prevented his design from taking full effect, and
802. )
[W. A. G. ] retained a part of the Syrian provinces under the
## p. 1073 (#1089) ##########################################
THEODOTUS.
1073
THEODOTUS.
allegiance of Egypt. (Polyb. v. 40, 46, 61, 62. ) | cxiii. ; Plut. Pomp. 77, 80 ; Appian. B. C. j. 84,
From this time Theodotus enjoyed a high place in 90).
[E. H. B. ]
the favour of the Syrian king. In the campaign THEO'DOTUS I. and II. , kings of Bactria. .
of B. c. 217 we find him commanding a body of (Diopotus. ]
10,000 select troops, and just before the battle of THEO'DOTUS (eddotos), literary. 1. A
Raphia he gave a singular proof of daring by pene disciple of Socrates, who, in his Defence, nccording
trating with only two companions into the heart to Plato, speaks of him as already dead. He was
of the Egyptian camp, in order to assassinate the son of Theosdotides, and the brother of Nico-
Ptolemy himself
. Mistaking the king's tent, he stratus. (Plat. A pol. p. 33, e. )
slew his physician instead, but effected his escape 2. A Phoenician historian, who lived before
in safety, and returned to the Syrian camp. (Id. v. Josephus, and wrote a history of his native country,
66, 79, 81. ) Again in B. c. 215 we find him ex- in the Phoenician tongue, which was translated
hibiting equal audacity in supporting the daring into Greek by a cerinin Laetus, if we adopt the
project of Lagoras to scale the walls of the city of correction of Reinesius in the passage of Tatinn,
Sardes, the success of which seems to have been in where the MSS. give Xaitos or "Agitos (Tatian.
great measure owing to his skill and ability. (Id. adv. Graec. 58, p. 120, ed. Worth ; Joseph. c. A pion.
vii. 16–18. )
i. 23 ; Euseb. Praep. Ev. x. 11 ; Vossius, de Hist.
6. A Syracusan who joined in a conspiracy Gracc. p. 504. )
against the life of the tyrant Hieronymus. Being 3. A poet, from whose poem upon the Jews (év
seized and put to the torture, he concealed the Tŷ Tepi ‘lovdalwv) some verses respecting the city
names of all his real accomplices, and accused of Sichem are quoted by Eusebius. (Pracp. Er.
Thrason, the leader of the opposite party, who was
ix. 22. )
put to death in consequence. (Liv. xxiv. 7. ) It According to a scholiast on Ovid (16. 467) there
is difficult to conceive that the life of Theodotus was a poet of this name who was cruelly put to
himself would be spared, but we find him (or death by the tyrant Mnesarchus, and to whose fate
another person of the same name) mentioned shortly Ovid alludes (l. c. ); but this is evidently mere
after among the conspirators who assassinated guess-work. (See Fabric. Bibl. Gracc. vol. ii. p.
In January 716, he was proclaimed cmperor, and Noctibus, was published from a M$. in the liti-
in the following year he prudently abdicated, and can, in Latin only, with ancient Scholin, and
left the throne for Leo the Isurinn, who com- figures, by Jos. Aurin, Romac, 1591, 410. ; the
manded the troops in the East. Theodosius spent propositions, without demonstrations, having been
the rest of his life in the tranquil retirement of a previously edited by Conmd Dasypodius, Argen-
nionastery.
(G. L. ) torat. 1572, 8vo. Fabricius states that the book
TIIEODO'SIUS, literary. 1. Of Bithynia, a nepi oikhrew was also published in Latin, by Jos.
mathematician, who is referred to by Vitruvius Auria, Romae, 1587, 410. ; but the edition is not
(ix. 9. s. 8. $ 1, Schneid. ) as the inventor of a mentioned in Hoffmann's Lcxicon Bibliographicum.
universal sun-dial (horológium após tây kliua). In the great collection of the works of the ancient
Strabo (xii. p. 566) mentions him among the emi- mathematicians, planned by Edward Bernard, after
nent natives of Bithynia, and informs us that his whose death the synopsis of the intended edition was
were also mathematicians. He must have published by Thomas Smith, Lond. 1704, 8vo. ,
lived before the time of Augustus, and therefore he the known works of Theodosius were to have had
cannot be, as some have supposed, the same person a place in the seventh volume. There are many
as Theodosius of Tripolis, who appears to have MSS. of the above three works, in the principal
flourished later than the reign of Trajan. (See libraries of Europe, in Greek, Latin, and Arabic.
No. 2. )
The other works of Theodosius appear to be en-
2. Of Tripolis, a mathematician and astronomer tirely lost. (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. iv. pp. 21-
of some distinction, was a philosopher of the sect 23, 213; Menag. ad Diog. Laërt. ix. 70. )
of the Sceptics, or, to speak more exactly, a fol- 3. Another native of Tripolis of this name, is
lower of Pyrrhon, whose philosophy, Theodosius mentioned by Suidas (s. v. ) as the author of an
himself contended, ought not properly to be called heroic poem on the Spring, and of various other
sceptical (Diog. Laërt. ix. 70). Among other works works (ěypaye dié wv els td čap, kai étepa Giáo
of his, Suidas (s. v. ) mentions a Commentary on popa). Eudocia (p. 229) identifies him with the
the kepárala of Theudas, who appears from preceding.
another passage of Diogenes (ix. 116) to have 4. A Neo-Platonist, the disciple of Ammonius,
lived not very long before the time of Sextus Em- and the father-in-law of Zethus, the disciple of
piricus, and therefore about the reign of Trajan. Plotinus. (Porphyr. Vit. Plot. 7. )
Suidas also enumerates σκεπτικά κεφάλαια among 5. Of Alexandria, a grammarian, whose Com-
the works of Theodosius (s. v. and also s. v. Ilup mentary on the texun 7 paypatinú of Dionysius
fórws), and the same work is mentioned by Thrax, as well as a work by him nepl opov, and
Diogenes (ix. 70). Of the ancient mathematicians, other grammatical works, and also a Commentary
Ptolemy does not refer to Theodosins, but his on Theodosius himself, by Georgius Choeroboscus,
works are quoted by Theon, in his Commentary exist in MS. in various libraries. A full account
on Ptolemy, by Pappus, in his ouvaywrh, and by of these MSS. is given by Fabricius and Harless
Proclus, in his Hypotyposis Astronomica, p. 7. (Bibl. Graec. vol. vi. pp. 301, 308, 350). He is
Suidas mentions the following as his mathema- supposed to have lived about the time of Constan-
tical and astronomical works :- Epaipinà év B:6- tine the Great. His chief grammatical work, the
λίους τρισίν, Περί ημερών και νυκτων δύο, υπό- commentary on Dionysius, amplified by the addi-
μνημα εις το 'Αρχιμήδους Εφόδιον, Διαγραφάς tions of later Byzantine grammarians, was pub-
oikiwv dv Bibalois v', 'Aotporoziká, nepl oinh. lished by C. G. Göttling, under the title of Theo-
gew. Of these works, some have been printed. dosii Alexandrini Grammatica, Lips. 1822, 8vo. ;
The work on the Sphere, which is a treatise on the the Prooemium having been published before in
properties of the sphere, and of the circles described Osann's Philemonis Grammatici quae supersunt,
on its surface, was first published in an ancient Latin Berol. 1821, 8vo. , and a portion of the work, under
version, edited by John Vögelin, Paris, 1529, 4to. ; the title of Theodori Grammatici Alex. Canones de
and other Latin versions were published by F. Declinationc Nominum et Conjugatione Verborum, by
Maurolycus, with the Sphaerica of Menelaus, and Imm. Bekker, in the third volume of his Anecdotá,
the work of Autolycus on the Sphere, Messanae, Berol. 1821, 8vo. (Hoffman, Lexicon Bibliograph.
1558, fol. ; by Jos. Auria, with Autolycus, from six Scriptor. Graecorum. )
MSS. in the Vatican, 1588, 4to. ; by Dr. Isaac 6. Respecting Theodosius, surnamed å pikpós, a
Barrow, in his edition of Archimedes, Lond. 1675, supposed Epitomator of Dion Cassius, but appa-
4to. ; and by And. Celsius, Upsal. 1730, 12mo. rently in fact only a copyist, see Harless's ad-
The first edition of the Greek text was published ditions to the notice of him by Fabricius. (Bill.
by Joannes Pena, the royal mathematician of Graec. vol. v. p. 142. )
France, Bellov. 1558, 4to. : many of the demon- 7. MELITINUS, a Byzantine historian, a MS. copy
strations, which are defective in the work of of whose Chronicon was brought from Constanti-
Theodosius, were supplied by Pena from Euclid's nople to Tübingen by Stephen Gerlach, a fragment
Elements, and other geometrical works, both an- of which, respecting the inarriage of the emperor
1
1
## p. 1072 (#1088) ##########################################
1072
THEODOTIUS.
THEODOTUS.
Theophilus with Thcodora of Paphlagonia, in A. D. THEODOTUS (Đó6oTos), historical. 1. A
830, was appended to the epitome of the Acthiopica Macedonian in the service of Antigonus, king of
of Heliodorus, published by Martin Crusius at Asia. In B. c. 315 he commanded a fleet with which
Frankfort, 1584. The entire work has never been he was preparing to join Antigonus, when he was
printed. There is also a MS. in the royal library surprised by Polycleitus, the adıniral of Ptolemy,
at Munich. (Fabric. Bibl. Gracc. vol. vii. p. 472; on the coast of Lycia, all his slips captured, and
Vossius, de Hist. Graec. p. 504, ed. Westermann ; he himself mortally wounded. (Diod. xix. 61. )
Tafel, de Tlucodosio Melitino, incditae llistoriue 2. An officer who was entrusted by Lysimachus
Byzantinae scriptore, ex Codice Tubingensi Notitia with the important charge of the citadel of Sardes,
Literaria, Prog. Acad. Tubing. 1828, 4to. ) in which he for a time defied all the efforts of
8. Another writer of the history of the later Roman Seleucus. But that monarch, having at length
empire, was a Syracusan monk, in the tenth century proclaimed a reward of 100 talents for the head
of our era. He wrote an account of the taking of Sy- of Theodotus, rendered the latter so suspicious of
racuse by the Spanish Arabs, in the form of a letter his own followers, that he himself secretly opened
to Leo Diaconus, a Latin version of which, by the the gates of the fortress to Seleucus. (Polyacn. iv.
monk Joasaph, or Josaphat, has been published in I. $ 4. )
a more or less complete form in the various col- 3. A Rhodian to whose judicious advice in regard
lections of works on the history of Italy (Mura- to the management of his elephants Antiochus I.
tori, Script. Rer. Ital. vol. i. pt. ii. p. 257, a). The king of Syria was mainly indebted for the great
Greek text was first published, with a new Latin victory over the Gauls, to which he owed the
version and notes, by C. B. Ilase, in his edition of security of his throne and kingdom (Lucian, Zcuxis,
Leo Diaconis, Paris, 1819, fol. (Vossius, de llist. 9, 10; Droysen, Hellenism. vol. ii. p. 232. )
Grucc. p. 504, ed. Westermann ; Hoffmann, Leri- 4. Surnamed HemioLIUS ('Huibacos, probably
con. Bibliograph. Scriptor. Graccorum, s. vv. T'hco- as suggested by Schweighäuser from his unusual
dosius and Leo. )
stature), was a general in the service of Antiochus
9. DIACONUS, a third Byzantine historian, who the Great, by whom he was sent in B. c. 222
appears to have lived about the same time as the together with Xenon against Molon, who bad
preceding, was the author of five åkpokoers in raised the standard of revolt in the eastern provinces
jambic verse, on the sulyject of the expedition of of the monarchy (MoLox). The two generals
Nicephorus Phocas to Crete, in A. D.
961, which were however unable to cope with the rebel
was first published in Greek and Latin by Fl. Cor- satrap, and withdrew within the walls of the cities,
nelinis, in his Cretu Sucra, Venet. 1755, 4to. ; leaving him in possession of the open country.
again, by P. F. Fogginius, in his Nora Appendix (Polyb. v. 42, 43. ) After the final defeat of Molon
Corporis Historiae Byzantinae, Romae, 1777, fol. ; by Antiochus himself, Theodotus was selected by
and lastly, with notes and a vocabulary of words that monarch to take the command in Coele Syria,
peculiar to the author, by F. Jacobs, in his edition while he himself undertook to reduce Seleucia.
of Leo Diaconus, in the Corpus Script. Hist. By What Theodotus accomplished at this time we
zant. Bonn. 1828, 8vo. (Fabric. Bibl. Gracc. vol. vii. know not, but the next year (B. C. 219) we find
p. 533 ; Vossius, de Hist. Groc. l. C. ; Hoffmann, him serving under the immediate command of
Lericon, U. cc. )
Antiochus himself, and bearing an important share
10. A monk, the titles of whose answer to the in the action against Nicolaus the general of
arguments against the resurrection of the body, Ptolemy, near Porphyreon, as well as shortly after
and another work in reſutation of John Philo- at the siege of Rabbatamana. On both these
ponus, are given by Photius (Bibl. Cod. 22, comp. occasions he was associated with Nicarchus, with
Cod. 22. )
[P. S. ] whom he also shared in the command of the
THEODO'SIUS (€086010s), a physician who phalanx at the memorable battle of Raplıia, B. C.
must have lived in or before the fifth century after 217. After that great defeat he was chosen by
Christ, as he is quoted by Aëtius (ii. 2. 54, p. Antiochus as one of the ambassadors whom he sent
276). He is perhaps the same person who is to Ptolemy to sue for peace. (Id. v. 59, 68, 69, 71,
quoted by Rhazes. (See Haller's Bibl. Med. Pract. 79, 83, 87. )
vol. i. p. 351. ) [THEODOTIUs. ] [W. A. G. ) 5. An Aetolian, who at the accession of Anti-
THEO'DOTA (€0ðórn), an Athenian cour- ochus the Great (B. C. 223) held the command of
tezan, and one of the most celebrated persons of the important province of Coele Syria for Ptolemy
that class in Greece (Liban. vol. i. p. 582), is Philopator king of Egypt. He was an able general,
introduced as a speaker in one of the dialogues in and repulsed with ease the first attack made by
Xenophon's Memorabilia (iii. 11), where some in- the king of Syria upon his government, but instead
formation is given respecting her. (Comp. Ath. v. of being rewarded by Ptolemy for his services, he
p. 220, f. ) She at last attached herself to Alci- was recalled to Alexandria, where he nearly fell a
biades, and, after his murder, she performed his victim to the intrigues of some of the courriers and
funeral rites. (Ath. xiii. p. 574, f. ; Cobet, Prosop. favourites of the king. Disgusted with this treat-
Xenoph. pp. 83, foll. )
[P. S. ] ment, and despising the vices and luxury of
THEODO TIUS (€0dótlos), the author of a Ptolemy, when he was again suffered to resume
medical formula, quoted by Alexander Trallianus the command in Coele Syria (B. C. 219) he con-
(xi. I. p. 310), who is called by him ó $116copos. ceived the design of betraying that province into
He may perhaps be the same person who is called the hands of Antiochus. His overtures were readily
Theodosius. The word occurs in several other pas- welcomed, and he surrendered the two important
sages of Alexander Trallianus and of Aëtius, but fortresses of Tyre and Ptolemaïs to the Syrian
probably in each it is the name of a medicine, and monarch, whom he immediately joined with the
not of a man. (See Fabric. Bill. Gr. vol. viii. p. forces under his command. Nicolaus however
329, xii. 602, xiii. 433, ed. vet. ) (SEVERUS, p. prevented his design from taking full effect, and
802. )
[W. A. G. ] retained a part of the Syrian provinces under the
## p. 1073 (#1089) ##########################################
THEODOTUS.
1073
THEODOTUS.
allegiance of Egypt. (Polyb. v. 40, 46, 61, 62. ) | cxiii. ; Plut. Pomp. 77, 80 ; Appian. B. C. j. 84,
From this time Theodotus enjoyed a high place in 90).
[E. H. B. ]
the favour of the Syrian king. In the campaign THEO'DOTUS I. and II. , kings of Bactria. .
of B. c. 217 we find him commanding a body of (Diopotus. ]
10,000 select troops, and just before the battle of THEO'DOTUS (eddotos), literary. 1. A
Raphia he gave a singular proof of daring by pene disciple of Socrates, who, in his Defence, nccording
trating with only two companions into the heart to Plato, speaks of him as already dead. He was
of the Egyptian camp, in order to assassinate the son of Theosdotides, and the brother of Nico-
Ptolemy himself
. Mistaking the king's tent, he stratus. (Plat. A pol. p. 33, e. )
slew his physician instead, but effected his escape 2. A Phoenician historian, who lived before
in safety, and returned to the Syrian camp. (Id. v. Josephus, and wrote a history of his native country,
66, 79, 81. ) Again in B. c. 215 we find him ex- in the Phoenician tongue, which was translated
hibiting equal audacity in supporting the daring into Greek by a cerinin Laetus, if we adopt the
project of Lagoras to scale the walls of the city of correction of Reinesius in the passage of Tatinn,
Sardes, the success of which seems to have been in where the MSS. give Xaitos or "Agitos (Tatian.
great measure owing to his skill and ability. (Id. adv. Graec. 58, p. 120, ed. Worth ; Joseph. c. A pion.
vii. 16–18. )
i. 23 ; Euseb. Praep. Ev. x. 11 ; Vossius, de Hist.
6. A Syracusan who joined in a conspiracy Gracc. p. 504. )
against the life of the tyrant Hieronymus. Being 3. A poet, from whose poem upon the Jews (év
seized and put to the torture, he concealed the Tŷ Tepi ‘lovdalwv) some verses respecting the city
names of all his real accomplices, and accused of Sichem are quoted by Eusebius. (Pracp. Er.
Thrason, the leader of the opposite party, who was
ix. 22. )
put to death in consequence. (Liv. xxiv. 7. ) It According to a scholiast on Ovid (16. 467) there
is difficult to conceive that the life of Theodotus was a poet of this name who was cruelly put to
himself would be spared, but we find him (or death by the tyrant Mnesarchus, and to whose fate
another person of the same name) mentioned shortly Ovid alludes (l. c. ); but this is evidently mere
after among the conspirators who assassinated guess-work. (See Fabric. Bibl. Gracc. vol. ii. p.
