“Herr Mügge has written a book
specially
for English readers.
Nietzsche - v08 - The Case of Wagner
M.
LUDovici.
5s.
net.
Second Edition.
XV. THE WILL TO POWER, Vol. II. Translated, with
Introduction, by A. M. LUDovici. 5s. net.
XVI. THE TWILIGHT OF IDOLS, THE ANTI-
CHRIST, &c. Translated by A. M. Ludovici. Cr. 8vo, 5s. net.
XVII. ECCE HOMO AND POETRY. Translated by A. M.
Ludovici. Crown 8vo, 6s. net.
XVIII. INDEX TO WORKS, by Robert Guppy; and
- Vocabulary of all Foreign Words and Phrases, by Paul V. Cohn ;
refaced by an Essay on the Nietzsche Movement in England, by
É. Oscar LEvy. 450 pp. Crown 8vo, 6s. net
T. N. FOULIS, PUBLISHER
91 GT. RUSSELLST. , LONDON, & 15 FREDERICKST. EDINBURGH
+
## p. (#230) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCHEAM LITERATURE
THE RENAISSANCE
By COUNT ARTHUR DE GOBINEAU
Translated by PAUL V. CoHN, with an Introductory
Essay by Dr. OscaR LEvy
7s. 6d.
(HEINEMANN)
(In the Press)
These five historical dramas cover the flowering-time of the Italian
Renaissance from the rise to prominence of Savonarola (1492) to the
last days of Michaelangelo (about 1560). While grouped round the
leading figures who provide the titles—Savonarola, Cesare Borgia,
Julius II. , Leo x. , and Michaelangelo—the plays introduce almost
every interesting character of the period. Nor are we only con-
cerned with the great names: the author aims at catching the spirit
of the people, and the thoughts and feelings of soldier, artisan,
trader, and their womenfolk find ample voice in his pages.
The Italian Renaissance is an epoch of peculiar interest to English
readers, not least because of its profound influence on our own
Elizabethan age. It is perhaps the most many-sided period in
history: even fifth-century Greece scarcely contributed so much—
or at any rate so much that has survived—to the world of politics,
art, and thought. Now while this interest is amply reflected in
contemporary literature, from the monumental work of Symonds
down to the flotsam and jetsam of everyday fiction, there is one kind
of man who more than an historian would show insight into this
age, and that is a poet.
It is as a poet's work that Gobineau’s “Historical Scenes” recom-
mend themselves to the public. . But there are many kinds of poets:
there is the religious and moral kind, there is the irreligious and
submoral kind, and there is the super-religious and super-moral
kind. Only the last-named can understand, can feel, can sympathise
with such mighty figures as Cesare Borgia and Julius II. -the
religious poet being inclined to paint them as monsters, the sub-
religious as freaks and neurotics. Similia similibus: equals can
only be recognised by their equals, and Gobineau was himself a type
of the Renaissance flung by destiny into an age of low bourgeois and
socialist ideals. In a century swayed by romanticism and democracy,
Gobineau was a classic and an aristocrat. He is a forerunner of
Nietzsche (“the only European spirit I should care to converse with,”
said Nietzsche of him in a letter), and as such is peculiarly fitted
## p. (#231) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCHEAAW LITERATURE
to deal with one of the few periods that was not dominated by the
moral law. For this reason Gobineau cannot fail to attract the large
and ever-growing circle of students of Nietzsche in this country and
America.
Although Gobineau, especially in his masterly touches of irony,
is a thorough Frenchman, he has not attracted in his own country,
even since his death in 1881, the attention he deserves. This is
mainly due to his anti-republican and anti-patriotic bias. In Ger-
many, on the other hand, his work has created great stir; of “La
Renaissance” alone there are no fewer than four different trans-
lations, and acting versions have been and still are produced with
success. We may hope that England—of late years not behindhand
in welcoming continental authors—will to some extent follow the
example of her Teutonic sister-nation. At any rate, the work of
Gobineau does not lack a distinguished English sponsor—one who
was no less a discerning critic than a great creative artist. George
Meredith writes (in a letter to Mrs. J. G. Butcher, Feb. 27th,
1906, : “I return the book of the Comte de Gobineau. I have not
for long read anything so good. The Renaissance in its chief ruler
and the ideas and character of the time is made alive. So much
has the writer impressed me that I sent for ‘Histoire des Perses,’ an
exposé of his political notions. ”
NIETZSCHE : HIS LIFE AND
WORKS
By ANTHONY M. LUDOVICI
Preface by Dr. OscAR LEvy
Io3 pages, Is. . . net
(Constable & Co)
In this short monograph on Nietzsche, the latest addition
to Messrs. Constable's Shilling “Philosophies, Ancient and
Modern” series, Mr. Ludovici not only gives the reader a
succinct account of the philosophy of the “Will to Power” in
all its main features; but he also sketches in bold strokes the
groundwork of an attack on Darwin, Spencer, English Materi-
alism, and English Utilitarianism, which is perhaps the first
criticism of the kind ever attempted from a Nietzschean
standpoint.
## p. (#232) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCHEAM LITERATURE
NIETZSCHE AND ART
BY
ANTHONY M. LUDOVICI
4s. 6d.
(Constable & Co)
Not only to the Nietzsche enthusiast, but also to the
art student, this book ought to be of particular value and
interest, seeing that it is the first attempt that has ever
been made, either in English or any Continental language,
to apply Nietzsche's AEsthetic to one of the branches of
Art.
In this work the reader will find all the matter included
in Mr. Ludovici's stimulating course of lectures recently
delivered at University College, Gower Street, and a good
deal more besides. “I have done two things,” says the
author in his preface; “I have given a detailed account
of Nietzsche's general art doctrine, and I have also
applied this doctrine to the graphic arts of to-day and
of antiquity. ”
To quote the Daily Telegraph's report of the lectures,
Mr. Ludovici's thesis is simply this: “The finest art,
or the ruler art, as he calls it, is that in which the
aristocratic principles of culture, selection, precision, and
simplicity are upheld, and this art can be the flower
and product only of a society in which an aristocratic
order is observed.
## p. (#233) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCHEAN LITERATURE
THE MASTERY OF LIFE
By G. T. WRENCH
I5s. net
(STEPHEN Swift)
This book is a review of the history of civilisation with the
object of discovering, in the phrase of Nietzsche, “under
what conditions and where the plant man flourished best. ”
The review shows that the patriarchal family has always
been the foundation of peoples who have been distinguished
for their joy in and power over life, and have expressed their
joy and power in art works which have been their peculiar
glory and the object of admiration and wonder of other
peoples. On the other hand, peoples who have not based
themselves on the larger humanity of patriarchalism, and
who have not cultivated a masterful aristocracy, have been
distinguished by a weaker and often miserable attitude
towards life, and by an expression, not of power, joy, and
quality, but of exhaustion, pessimism, and doubts about the
objects of existence.
The author contrasts the two types of peoples, the orderly
and artistic, and the dehumanised or mechanical, and shows
how the latter may hope to attain to the mastery of life, both
social and individual. But to carry out the change of social
basis and values, a new kind of men is needed, and this need
leads the author in the last pages to advocate as an essential
preliminary the self-culture of power and will which Nietzsche
taught so brilliantly through the mouth of Zarathustra.
## p. (#234) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCHEAN LITERATURE
RELIGIONS AND
PHILOSOPHIES OF THE EAST
by
J. M. KENNEDY
Author of “The Quintessence of Nietzsche”
Crown 8vo, 6s. net
“All wisdom came from the East,” and all the wisdom of
the East is bound up in its religions and philosophies, the
earliest forms of which can be traced back 3000 years B. C.
Mr. J. M. Kennedy has now aimed at giving in a single
volume a concise history of the religions and philosophies
which have influenced the thought of the great eastern
nations, special emphasis, of course, being laid upon the
different religions which have swayed the vast empire of
India. A feature of the book is a section dealing with the
influence of the philosophies of the East upon those of
the West, so far as materials are now available for our
guidance in this respect. It may be remembered, for ex-
ample, that Schopenhauer was greatly influenced by Indian
thought, and that he exercised much influence on Nietzsche,
who, in his turn, as shown in Mr. Kennedy’s “Quintessence
of Nietzsche,” has not only swayed modern thought, but is
in addition likely to affect the whole trend of philosophy
for many generations to come.
T. WERNER LAURIE, CLIFFORD'S INN, LONDON
## p. (#235) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCHEAM LITERATURE
THE PHILOSOPHY
OF FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE
By H. L. MENCKEN
Demy 8vo, 7s. 6d. net
(FISHER UNwin)
A popular exposition of Nietzsche's ideas, showing their
application to current problems, together with an account of
his life, and chapters upon his origins and influence.
“An admirable manual. ”—Dr. W. L. CourTNEy, in the Daily
Telegraph.
“One of the most interesting and instructive books that has come
from the American press in many a long day. Mr. Mencken can
write. In addition, he has something to write about. ”—Educational
A'ezyzew. -
“A clear exposition, in vigorous, straightforward language, and a
really interesting and thoughtful biographical memoir. ”—Outlook.
“A very readable and clear account of the philosophy and the
philosopher. ”—New York Sun.
MEN VS. THE MAN
By ROBERT RIVES LAMONTE and
H. L. , MENCKEN
12mo, 251 pages, $1. 35 net
(HENRY Holt & Co. , New York)
A series of actual letters between a prominent American
Socialist and a Nietzschean Individualist. An earnest and
lively debate.
“No more brilliant and entertaining work has appeared in many
years. ”—Wilshire's Magazine.
“An epistolary duel between two well-equipped champions. ”—
International Socialist Review.
“Mencken's thinking and Mencken's writing delight me. I like
to see him hammer the dunces, the scholiasts, the hired bombasticos
of the pulpit and the lecture-room. ”—PERCIVAL POLLARD, in Town
Topics.
## p. (#236) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCHEAAW LITERATURE
ON THE TRACKS OF LIFE
THE IMMORALITY OF MORALITY
Translated from the Italian of Leo G. SERA by
J. M. KENNEDy
With an Introduction by Dr. OscaR LEvy
7s. 6d. net
(John LANE)
Dr. Sera is a physician who has deeply studied literature
and historical science, and the object of his book is, in the
opening words of the preface : “To establish our conception
of social life on its original basis. ” The author adduces
many new and startling theories in regard to the questions he
treats of in support of his views. He holds that the diffusion
of democratic principles is vulgarising science and art, and
that present social conditions, especially work and Christian
teaching, are leading to the intellectual and moral degen-
eration of the race. Stimulating chapters on Stendhal,
Nietzsche, Goethe, The Origin of Society, Work, and the
Aristocratic Ideal, show current opinions of Genius, Aristo-
cracy, Democracy, Sport, and Sexuality in a new light.
Scientific thought is put upon a new basis more in conformity
with modern Continental views. The audacity of Dr.
Sera's theories has evoked much discussion in England and
on the Continent; and his work is certain to appeal to all
serious thinkers, and to students of modern moral problems.
“There are a host of points which Dr. Sera makes which it would
be well if our social conventionalists would consider. For one
thing, his philosophy is based on what men really do and think, as
apart from their professions. ”—Sunday Times.
“Written with a vigour and freshness rarely met with in works of
this character, few readers could Peru; the volume without intel-
lectual quickening and expansion. ”—Western Morning Mews.
“A vigorously written bit of work, packed full of shrewd
thinking. ”—Birmingham Post.
“The volume contains many obiter dicta of great shrewdness,
and of particular value to our own race. ”—Globe.
## p. (#237) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCHEAN LITERATURE
FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE
HIS LIFE AND WORK
By M. A. MUGGE, Ph. D.
Ios. 6d. (Third Edition)
(FISHER UNwin)
To those who have already perused Dr. Mügge’s valuable
book the advent of a third edition will be more than welcome.
The detailed and fascinating story of Nietzsche's life forms a
fitting prelude to the scholarly sketch of the brilliant poet-
philosopher's works comprising the second part of the volume.
The author's keen critique, combined with his absolutely just
and unbiassed appreciation of Nietzsche's contribution to
philosophical thought, furnishes delightful reading in the third
part, which portrays the lonely genius as philosopher, poet
and prophet.
Almost invaluable to the student of Nietzsche is the com-
plete and accurate bibliography, at present the most reliable
compendium of English and foreign literature on this subject
obtainable.
The book supplies a long-felt want, and fulfils most admir-
ably the author's aims, as stated in his preface, viz. , “the
introduction of the philosopher and his philosophy to those
unacquainted with either”; and, “to gain for Nietzsche some
appreciation and justice in the English-speaking world,
where he is so little known, and, when not unknown, so often
misunderstood. ”
PRESS CRITICISMS.
“Undoubtedly the best work on Nietzsche in English. ”—Westminster Gazette.
“The most useful Nietzsche book yet published in English. ”—Literary World.
“An interesting and exhaustive book. ”—Review of Reviews.
“Welcomed by all lovers of literature. ”—Daily Telegraph.
“A very useful work; there is nothing like it in English. ”—Morning Post.
“Herr Mügge has written a book specially for English readers. And certainly
nothing could be better for the purpose. ”—Labour Leader.
“There are few Englishmen capable of writing the life of Nietzsche and
explaining his philosophy with the clearness achieved by Mr. Mügge. ”
Liverpool Daily Post and Mercury.
“The best work on Friedrich Nietzsche in our tongue. ”—Dundee Advertiser.
“An educated and temperate account of a most unhappy man of genius. "
Guardian.
## p. (#238) ################################################
OTHER AW/ETZSCHEAAV ZAZTEA’ATURE
THE QUINTESSENCE OF
NIETZSCHE
By J. M. KENNEDY
37o £6. , 6s. net
(T. WERNER LAURIE)
This book is valuable as giving not only the first full
account in English of Nietzsche's complete works, includ-
ing the recently published writings and fragments, but
also as the first application of the German philosopher's
principles to English politics, the Church of England,
Socialism, Democracy, and to British Institutions in
general. The publication of the fragmentary works and
letters has thrown new light on Nietzsche's opinions
concerning love, woman, and marriage, all of which are
referred to or cited in the course of the work. Quotations
are given from all Nietzsche's writings, no work of the
philosopher being left unmentioned. For the chapters
dealing with Nietzsche's life, studies, travels, etc. , ample
use has been made of the newly issued autobiography,
“Ecce Homo,” from which several quotations are given.
The volume is tastefully illustrated, and is further pro-
vided with a short bibliography and a full index.
NIETZSCHE IN OUTLINE AND APHORISM. By
A. R. ORAGE, Editor of The Wew Age. 176 pages. Foap. 8vo,
2s. 6d. net. (T. N. Foulis. )
“Mr. Orage has made his selection with care and judgment. His book gives
an excellent summary of Nietzsche's teaching, which many will be glad to
possess. ”—Nation.
NIETZSCHE, The Dionysian Spirit of the Age. By A. R.
ORAGE. With Portrait. 83 pages. Crown 8vo, boards, 1s. net. (T. N.
Foulis. )
“This little book on Nietzsche is badly wanted in England . . . very inter-
esting and readable. ”—Fabian News.
## p. (#239) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCHEAAV ZAZTERATURE
THE GOSPEL OF SUPERMAN
TRANSLATED FROM THE FRENCH OF
PROF. HENRI LICHTENBERGER
WITH AN INTRODUCTION
By
J. M. KENNEDY
Extra crown 8vo, 232 pages, 5s. net
Although three or four English works dealing with
Nietzsche's philosophy have appeared in the course of the
last few years, it is but natural that the complex personality
of such a many-sided character cannot yet be said to have
been thoroughly examined and discussed. Prof. Lichten-
berger's book, while containing sections which form a good
introduction to Nietzsche's philosophy, aims at giving the
reader a clear insight into the philosopher's psychology; and
his success may be inferred from the fact that the book is
now in its fourteenth French edition, and has been translated
into German by Mrs. Foerster-Nietzsche. Nietzsche's de-
scent and early training, his studies, his “intellectual
emancipation,” and his philosophical message, are all fully
discussed, while the results of recent research are admirably
summed up in the appendix, which, with a good bibliography,
completes the work.
T. N. FOULIS, PUBLISHER
91 GT. RUSSELLST. , LONDON, & 15 FREDERICKST. , EDINBURGH
## p. (#240) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCA/EAAW LITERATURE
WHO IS TO BE MASTER OF
THE WORLDP
An Introduction to the Philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche
By A. M. LUDOVICI
With a Preface by Dr. OscAR LEvy
Crown 8vo, 216 pages, 2s. 6d. net
(T. N. Foulis)
In this book the author has made a plain and lucid
statement of Nietzsche's views. The work embodies the
Three Lectures recently given at University College,
London, and other matter besides—together with copious
references to the numerous philosophers, historians, and
scientists who may be said to have led up to Friedrich
Nietzsche's position.
“The lectures are well worth reading, as showing what Nietzsche-
anism really means. ”—Glasgow Herald.
“If this little book does not impel some young and gallant spirits
to the works of the philosopher, I shall be surprised. . . . Mr.
Ludovici shows such clearness, method, constructive art, as belong
to a master of exposition. ”—Westminster Gazette.
THE REVIVAL OF ARISTOCRACY
By Dr. OSCAR LEVY
3. s. 6d. net
(PROBSTHAIN)
A fierce indictment of the philosophy of the nineteenth
century, and of the events which led to it. Special chapters
are devoted to Napoleon, Stendhal, Goethe, and Nietzsche.
“The ablest exposition of Nietzscheanism that has yet appeared. ”
—Manchester Guardian.
“Here we see the philosophy of Nietzsche put into a concentrated
form, and set forth by a clever and biting pen. ”—Glasgow Herald.
## p. (#241) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCHEAM LITERATURE
ENGLISH LITERATURE
(1880–1905)
By J. M. KENNEDY
7s. 6d. net
(STEPHEN SwiFT)
The history of English Literature in the last generation
constitutes one of its most fascinating periods, not merely for
the historian, but also, and in a much greater degree, for the
psychologist. The two great features of the middle and
later Victorian era, viz. , Puritanism and Materialism, may be
said to have reached their climax about 1880, and their effect
is still felt on English Literature even at the present day.
By applying certain Nietzschean principles of literary, artistic,
and psychological criticism to the period in question,
Mr. J. M. Kennedy has shown how our modern writers have
been influenced, consciously or unconsciously, by the two
characteristics referred to. His book deals, from a psycho-
logical as well as a literary standpoint, with such well-known
writers as Wilde, Davidson, Shaw, Wells, and Fiona
Macleod, together with several authors who, although
influential in their particular circle, are less known to the
general public, such as Gissing and Ernest Dowson. As a
guide to many puzzling tendencies in recent English litera-
ture, the book forms an invaluable document.
The name of the brilliant young writer has become widely
known in a comparatively short time by his vivid and racy
criticism of English politics, the English Church, and English
Literature. Mr. Kennedy was one of the first of English
critics to recognise the necessity of breaking with last
century's liberal and romantic traditions. He has in all his
books tried to provide the Tory party, which allowed itself
likewise to be infected by the spirit of the age, with a sound
basis of new ideas and principles.
## p. (#242) ################################################
THE LIFE OF FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE
VOLUME ONE
THE YOUNG NIETZSCHE
By FRAU FOERSTER-NIETZSCHE
TRANSLATED BY ANTHONY M. LUDOVICI
Royal 8vo. With portraits. Price 15s. net
(HEINEMANN)
In an age given to a general tendency of levelling up and
down, it is particularly interesting to show the psychological
and spiritual development of genius, because it has been the
tendency to belittle the divine element among us. A first-
hand account of the life of a man of undoubted genius—
undoubted even by his enemies and detractors—must be of
interest.
Frau Foerster-Nietzsche is admirably supplied with first-
hand documents and evidence, having from childhood col-
lected everything concerning her brother, who was only two
years her senior. Her method is perhaps best shown in the
following paragraph :
“From the days of my earliest childhood I always regarded my
brother as the highest authority. . . . But this reverence which I
showed for Fritz and which, throughout my childhood and youth
brought me a lot of teasing and chaff—for at heart I am not a
believer in authority—certainly had one excellent practical result
in the shape of the Nietzsche archives, the extraordinary rich
contents of which have been collected by myself alone. From a
very early age I have always kept a treasure-drawer, in which I
preserved whatever I could get hold of that happened to come
from my brother's pen, and had been discarded by him. And if
from the first he had not been so fond of burning things, and had
not occasionally made such raids upon my precious hoard, not one
of his compositions from the time he was eight years old would now
be missing; for when I was only six, though I attached but slight
importance to my own things, I had already started this collection
of my brother's productions. ”
The present publication is based on a larger one of several
volumes, issued shortly after Nietzsche's death, and incorpor-
ating the posthumous works. Though published in connec-
tion with the Collected Edition in Germany, it was felt that
it was unfit for translation, and the posthumous works have
since been published independently. The biography itself
appears now for the first time, simultaneously in German and
in English; and Frau Foerster-Nietzsche has kindly added to
the English book some photographs of Nietzsche at different
times of life, of his birthplace, and his friends, which have not
appeared elsewhere and are not even included in the original.
VOL. II. THE SOLITARY NIETZSCHE
to appear shortly.
## p. (#243) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCHEAN LITERATURE
“NIETZSCHE”
By PAUL ELMER MORE
Price $1
(Boston AND NEw York: Houghton MIFFLIN Co. , 1912)
This book, which is not written by an admirer but a critic
of Nietzsche, will be welcome to the reader as an independent
opinion on a much ventilated subject. The author's attempt to
place Nietzsche in the history of philosophy and to compare his
works with that of other writers, f. i. Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau,
and the Romantics, is novel and interesting.
The book, somewhat revised, likewise appears in the eighth
volume of the author's Shelburne Essays, published by the same
firm.
THE PHILOSOPHY OF
NIETZSCHE
An Exposition and an Appreciation
By Dr. G. CHATTERTON-HILL
7s. 6d.
(John OUSELEY, LTD. , 1913)
In this absorbing work Dr. Chatterton-Hill has produced the
most readable exposition of the philosopher's teaching that has yet
been available for the general reader.
The student commencing the serious consideration of Nietzsche's
doctrine, the casual reader wishing to gain some intelligent notion
of the philosophy of the “Will to Power” and of the “Superman,”
the lover of good literature desirous of enjoying the entrancing
beauty of Nietzsche's style, have in this book a competent and
indispensable guide.
NIETZSCHE : SEIN LEBEN UND
SEINE WERKE
By RICHARD M. MEYER
M. Io; bound, M. 12. 5o. Pp. 702
(OSCAR BECK, Munich, 1913)
This generous appreciation of Nietzsche by the famous German
professor, who ranks as the first literary critic of his country,
should be welcome to all English students conversant with the
German tongue.
## p. (#244) ################################################
PUBLISHER'S ANNOUNCEMENT
As this Nietzsche translation is now completed, the pub-
lisher begs to suggest to that part of the public which takes
the lead in matters of taste and intellect, that these volumes
should not be wanting in the library of any cultured person.
The antagonism to Nietzsche's teaching, which first took the
form of icy silence and afterwards that of violent contradiction,
has considerably diminished since his real meaning has be-
come more generally known through this translation. The
opinion is now gaining ground that in Mietzsche's life-work a
totally new standpoint in matters of politics, art, literature,
and theology is to be found. Even his enemies now readily
acknowledge that Nietzsche at least wrote in an extraordinarily
vigorous and bracing style—a style which distinguishes him
from all dry-as-dust philosophers, especially those of German
origin. As the Yorkshire Weekly Post of Ioth June 1911 has
it —“He stands out in the foggy firmament of German
thought like a bright particular star. With the possible ex-
ception of Heine and Schopenhauer, no one has wielded the
German language to better effect. . . . ”
The translations have won high praise from press and
public. They have been written by scholars thoroughly
conversant with the German tongue, who have spared
no pains in rendering Nietzsche's passionate and poetic
style in adequate English. Valuable and original introduc-
tions are added to each of the volumes, giving all particulars
as to dates, circumstances, Nietzsche's development, &c. , so
that each volume may be bought separately.
An exhaustive index, such as exists in none of the
numerous translations, and not even in the German original,
has been added as a fitting coping-stone to what the Liver-
Zool Courier has called “this monumental translation. ”
T. N. FOULIS, PUBLISHER
91 GT. RUSSELLST. , LONDONY& 15 FREDERICKST. , EDINBURGH
## p. (#245) ################################################
## p. (#246) ################################################
## p. (#247) ################################################
## p. (#248) ################################################
*
## p. (#249) ################################################
DO NOT REMOVE
OR
"" CARD
## p.
XV. THE WILL TO POWER, Vol. II. Translated, with
Introduction, by A. M. LUDovici. 5s. net.
XVI. THE TWILIGHT OF IDOLS, THE ANTI-
CHRIST, &c. Translated by A. M. Ludovici. Cr. 8vo, 5s. net.
XVII. ECCE HOMO AND POETRY. Translated by A. M.
Ludovici. Crown 8vo, 6s. net.
XVIII. INDEX TO WORKS, by Robert Guppy; and
- Vocabulary of all Foreign Words and Phrases, by Paul V. Cohn ;
refaced by an Essay on the Nietzsche Movement in England, by
É. Oscar LEvy. 450 pp. Crown 8vo, 6s. net
T. N. FOULIS, PUBLISHER
91 GT. RUSSELLST. , LONDON, & 15 FREDERICKST. EDINBURGH
+
## p. (#230) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCHEAM LITERATURE
THE RENAISSANCE
By COUNT ARTHUR DE GOBINEAU
Translated by PAUL V. CoHN, with an Introductory
Essay by Dr. OscaR LEvy
7s. 6d.
(HEINEMANN)
(In the Press)
These five historical dramas cover the flowering-time of the Italian
Renaissance from the rise to prominence of Savonarola (1492) to the
last days of Michaelangelo (about 1560). While grouped round the
leading figures who provide the titles—Savonarola, Cesare Borgia,
Julius II. , Leo x. , and Michaelangelo—the plays introduce almost
every interesting character of the period. Nor are we only con-
cerned with the great names: the author aims at catching the spirit
of the people, and the thoughts and feelings of soldier, artisan,
trader, and their womenfolk find ample voice in his pages.
The Italian Renaissance is an epoch of peculiar interest to English
readers, not least because of its profound influence on our own
Elizabethan age. It is perhaps the most many-sided period in
history: even fifth-century Greece scarcely contributed so much—
or at any rate so much that has survived—to the world of politics,
art, and thought. Now while this interest is amply reflected in
contemporary literature, from the monumental work of Symonds
down to the flotsam and jetsam of everyday fiction, there is one kind
of man who more than an historian would show insight into this
age, and that is a poet.
It is as a poet's work that Gobineau’s “Historical Scenes” recom-
mend themselves to the public. . But there are many kinds of poets:
there is the religious and moral kind, there is the irreligious and
submoral kind, and there is the super-religious and super-moral
kind. Only the last-named can understand, can feel, can sympathise
with such mighty figures as Cesare Borgia and Julius II. -the
religious poet being inclined to paint them as monsters, the sub-
religious as freaks and neurotics. Similia similibus: equals can
only be recognised by their equals, and Gobineau was himself a type
of the Renaissance flung by destiny into an age of low bourgeois and
socialist ideals. In a century swayed by romanticism and democracy,
Gobineau was a classic and an aristocrat. He is a forerunner of
Nietzsche (“the only European spirit I should care to converse with,”
said Nietzsche of him in a letter), and as such is peculiarly fitted
## p. (#231) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCHEAAW LITERATURE
to deal with one of the few periods that was not dominated by the
moral law. For this reason Gobineau cannot fail to attract the large
and ever-growing circle of students of Nietzsche in this country and
America.
Although Gobineau, especially in his masterly touches of irony,
is a thorough Frenchman, he has not attracted in his own country,
even since his death in 1881, the attention he deserves. This is
mainly due to his anti-republican and anti-patriotic bias. In Ger-
many, on the other hand, his work has created great stir; of “La
Renaissance” alone there are no fewer than four different trans-
lations, and acting versions have been and still are produced with
success. We may hope that England—of late years not behindhand
in welcoming continental authors—will to some extent follow the
example of her Teutonic sister-nation. At any rate, the work of
Gobineau does not lack a distinguished English sponsor—one who
was no less a discerning critic than a great creative artist. George
Meredith writes (in a letter to Mrs. J. G. Butcher, Feb. 27th,
1906, : “I return the book of the Comte de Gobineau. I have not
for long read anything so good. The Renaissance in its chief ruler
and the ideas and character of the time is made alive. So much
has the writer impressed me that I sent for ‘Histoire des Perses,’ an
exposé of his political notions. ”
NIETZSCHE : HIS LIFE AND
WORKS
By ANTHONY M. LUDOVICI
Preface by Dr. OscAR LEvy
Io3 pages, Is. . . net
(Constable & Co)
In this short monograph on Nietzsche, the latest addition
to Messrs. Constable's Shilling “Philosophies, Ancient and
Modern” series, Mr. Ludovici not only gives the reader a
succinct account of the philosophy of the “Will to Power” in
all its main features; but he also sketches in bold strokes the
groundwork of an attack on Darwin, Spencer, English Materi-
alism, and English Utilitarianism, which is perhaps the first
criticism of the kind ever attempted from a Nietzschean
standpoint.
## p. (#232) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCHEAM LITERATURE
NIETZSCHE AND ART
BY
ANTHONY M. LUDOVICI
4s. 6d.
(Constable & Co)
Not only to the Nietzsche enthusiast, but also to the
art student, this book ought to be of particular value and
interest, seeing that it is the first attempt that has ever
been made, either in English or any Continental language,
to apply Nietzsche's AEsthetic to one of the branches of
Art.
In this work the reader will find all the matter included
in Mr. Ludovici's stimulating course of lectures recently
delivered at University College, Gower Street, and a good
deal more besides. “I have done two things,” says the
author in his preface; “I have given a detailed account
of Nietzsche's general art doctrine, and I have also
applied this doctrine to the graphic arts of to-day and
of antiquity. ”
To quote the Daily Telegraph's report of the lectures,
Mr. Ludovici's thesis is simply this: “The finest art,
or the ruler art, as he calls it, is that in which the
aristocratic principles of culture, selection, precision, and
simplicity are upheld, and this art can be the flower
and product only of a society in which an aristocratic
order is observed.
## p. (#233) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCHEAN LITERATURE
THE MASTERY OF LIFE
By G. T. WRENCH
I5s. net
(STEPHEN Swift)
This book is a review of the history of civilisation with the
object of discovering, in the phrase of Nietzsche, “under
what conditions and where the plant man flourished best. ”
The review shows that the patriarchal family has always
been the foundation of peoples who have been distinguished
for their joy in and power over life, and have expressed their
joy and power in art works which have been their peculiar
glory and the object of admiration and wonder of other
peoples. On the other hand, peoples who have not based
themselves on the larger humanity of patriarchalism, and
who have not cultivated a masterful aristocracy, have been
distinguished by a weaker and often miserable attitude
towards life, and by an expression, not of power, joy, and
quality, but of exhaustion, pessimism, and doubts about the
objects of existence.
The author contrasts the two types of peoples, the orderly
and artistic, and the dehumanised or mechanical, and shows
how the latter may hope to attain to the mastery of life, both
social and individual. But to carry out the change of social
basis and values, a new kind of men is needed, and this need
leads the author in the last pages to advocate as an essential
preliminary the self-culture of power and will which Nietzsche
taught so brilliantly through the mouth of Zarathustra.
## p. (#234) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCHEAN LITERATURE
RELIGIONS AND
PHILOSOPHIES OF THE EAST
by
J. M. KENNEDY
Author of “The Quintessence of Nietzsche”
Crown 8vo, 6s. net
“All wisdom came from the East,” and all the wisdom of
the East is bound up in its religions and philosophies, the
earliest forms of which can be traced back 3000 years B. C.
Mr. J. M. Kennedy has now aimed at giving in a single
volume a concise history of the religions and philosophies
which have influenced the thought of the great eastern
nations, special emphasis, of course, being laid upon the
different religions which have swayed the vast empire of
India. A feature of the book is a section dealing with the
influence of the philosophies of the East upon those of
the West, so far as materials are now available for our
guidance in this respect. It may be remembered, for ex-
ample, that Schopenhauer was greatly influenced by Indian
thought, and that he exercised much influence on Nietzsche,
who, in his turn, as shown in Mr. Kennedy’s “Quintessence
of Nietzsche,” has not only swayed modern thought, but is
in addition likely to affect the whole trend of philosophy
for many generations to come.
T. WERNER LAURIE, CLIFFORD'S INN, LONDON
## p. (#235) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCHEAM LITERATURE
THE PHILOSOPHY
OF FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE
By H. L. MENCKEN
Demy 8vo, 7s. 6d. net
(FISHER UNwin)
A popular exposition of Nietzsche's ideas, showing their
application to current problems, together with an account of
his life, and chapters upon his origins and influence.
“An admirable manual. ”—Dr. W. L. CourTNEy, in the Daily
Telegraph.
“One of the most interesting and instructive books that has come
from the American press in many a long day. Mr. Mencken can
write. In addition, he has something to write about. ”—Educational
A'ezyzew. -
“A clear exposition, in vigorous, straightforward language, and a
really interesting and thoughtful biographical memoir. ”—Outlook.
“A very readable and clear account of the philosophy and the
philosopher. ”—New York Sun.
MEN VS. THE MAN
By ROBERT RIVES LAMONTE and
H. L. , MENCKEN
12mo, 251 pages, $1. 35 net
(HENRY Holt & Co. , New York)
A series of actual letters between a prominent American
Socialist and a Nietzschean Individualist. An earnest and
lively debate.
“No more brilliant and entertaining work has appeared in many
years. ”—Wilshire's Magazine.
“An epistolary duel between two well-equipped champions. ”—
International Socialist Review.
“Mencken's thinking and Mencken's writing delight me. I like
to see him hammer the dunces, the scholiasts, the hired bombasticos
of the pulpit and the lecture-room. ”—PERCIVAL POLLARD, in Town
Topics.
## p. (#236) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCHEAAW LITERATURE
ON THE TRACKS OF LIFE
THE IMMORALITY OF MORALITY
Translated from the Italian of Leo G. SERA by
J. M. KENNEDy
With an Introduction by Dr. OscaR LEvy
7s. 6d. net
(John LANE)
Dr. Sera is a physician who has deeply studied literature
and historical science, and the object of his book is, in the
opening words of the preface : “To establish our conception
of social life on its original basis. ” The author adduces
many new and startling theories in regard to the questions he
treats of in support of his views. He holds that the diffusion
of democratic principles is vulgarising science and art, and
that present social conditions, especially work and Christian
teaching, are leading to the intellectual and moral degen-
eration of the race. Stimulating chapters on Stendhal,
Nietzsche, Goethe, The Origin of Society, Work, and the
Aristocratic Ideal, show current opinions of Genius, Aristo-
cracy, Democracy, Sport, and Sexuality in a new light.
Scientific thought is put upon a new basis more in conformity
with modern Continental views. The audacity of Dr.
Sera's theories has evoked much discussion in England and
on the Continent; and his work is certain to appeal to all
serious thinkers, and to students of modern moral problems.
“There are a host of points which Dr. Sera makes which it would
be well if our social conventionalists would consider. For one
thing, his philosophy is based on what men really do and think, as
apart from their professions. ”—Sunday Times.
“Written with a vigour and freshness rarely met with in works of
this character, few readers could Peru; the volume without intel-
lectual quickening and expansion. ”—Western Morning Mews.
“A vigorously written bit of work, packed full of shrewd
thinking. ”—Birmingham Post.
“The volume contains many obiter dicta of great shrewdness,
and of particular value to our own race. ”—Globe.
## p. (#237) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCHEAN LITERATURE
FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE
HIS LIFE AND WORK
By M. A. MUGGE, Ph. D.
Ios. 6d. (Third Edition)
(FISHER UNwin)
To those who have already perused Dr. Mügge’s valuable
book the advent of a third edition will be more than welcome.
The detailed and fascinating story of Nietzsche's life forms a
fitting prelude to the scholarly sketch of the brilliant poet-
philosopher's works comprising the second part of the volume.
The author's keen critique, combined with his absolutely just
and unbiassed appreciation of Nietzsche's contribution to
philosophical thought, furnishes delightful reading in the third
part, which portrays the lonely genius as philosopher, poet
and prophet.
Almost invaluable to the student of Nietzsche is the com-
plete and accurate bibliography, at present the most reliable
compendium of English and foreign literature on this subject
obtainable.
The book supplies a long-felt want, and fulfils most admir-
ably the author's aims, as stated in his preface, viz. , “the
introduction of the philosopher and his philosophy to those
unacquainted with either”; and, “to gain for Nietzsche some
appreciation and justice in the English-speaking world,
where he is so little known, and, when not unknown, so often
misunderstood. ”
PRESS CRITICISMS.
“Undoubtedly the best work on Nietzsche in English. ”—Westminster Gazette.
“The most useful Nietzsche book yet published in English. ”—Literary World.
“An interesting and exhaustive book. ”—Review of Reviews.
“Welcomed by all lovers of literature. ”—Daily Telegraph.
“A very useful work; there is nothing like it in English. ”—Morning Post.
“Herr Mügge has written a book specially for English readers. And certainly
nothing could be better for the purpose. ”—Labour Leader.
“There are few Englishmen capable of writing the life of Nietzsche and
explaining his philosophy with the clearness achieved by Mr. Mügge. ”
Liverpool Daily Post and Mercury.
“The best work on Friedrich Nietzsche in our tongue. ”—Dundee Advertiser.
“An educated and temperate account of a most unhappy man of genius. "
Guardian.
## p. (#238) ################################################
OTHER AW/ETZSCHEAAV ZAZTEA’ATURE
THE QUINTESSENCE OF
NIETZSCHE
By J. M. KENNEDY
37o £6. , 6s. net
(T. WERNER LAURIE)
This book is valuable as giving not only the first full
account in English of Nietzsche's complete works, includ-
ing the recently published writings and fragments, but
also as the first application of the German philosopher's
principles to English politics, the Church of England,
Socialism, Democracy, and to British Institutions in
general. The publication of the fragmentary works and
letters has thrown new light on Nietzsche's opinions
concerning love, woman, and marriage, all of which are
referred to or cited in the course of the work. Quotations
are given from all Nietzsche's writings, no work of the
philosopher being left unmentioned. For the chapters
dealing with Nietzsche's life, studies, travels, etc. , ample
use has been made of the newly issued autobiography,
“Ecce Homo,” from which several quotations are given.
The volume is tastefully illustrated, and is further pro-
vided with a short bibliography and a full index.
NIETZSCHE IN OUTLINE AND APHORISM. By
A. R. ORAGE, Editor of The Wew Age. 176 pages. Foap. 8vo,
2s. 6d. net. (T. N. Foulis. )
“Mr. Orage has made his selection with care and judgment. His book gives
an excellent summary of Nietzsche's teaching, which many will be glad to
possess. ”—Nation.
NIETZSCHE, The Dionysian Spirit of the Age. By A. R.
ORAGE. With Portrait. 83 pages. Crown 8vo, boards, 1s. net. (T. N.
Foulis. )
“This little book on Nietzsche is badly wanted in England . . . very inter-
esting and readable. ”—Fabian News.
## p. (#239) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCHEAAV ZAZTERATURE
THE GOSPEL OF SUPERMAN
TRANSLATED FROM THE FRENCH OF
PROF. HENRI LICHTENBERGER
WITH AN INTRODUCTION
By
J. M. KENNEDY
Extra crown 8vo, 232 pages, 5s. net
Although three or four English works dealing with
Nietzsche's philosophy have appeared in the course of the
last few years, it is but natural that the complex personality
of such a many-sided character cannot yet be said to have
been thoroughly examined and discussed. Prof. Lichten-
berger's book, while containing sections which form a good
introduction to Nietzsche's philosophy, aims at giving the
reader a clear insight into the philosopher's psychology; and
his success may be inferred from the fact that the book is
now in its fourteenth French edition, and has been translated
into German by Mrs. Foerster-Nietzsche. Nietzsche's de-
scent and early training, his studies, his “intellectual
emancipation,” and his philosophical message, are all fully
discussed, while the results of recent research are admirably
summed up in the appendix, which, with a good bibliography,
completes the work.
T. N. FOULIS, PUBLISHER
91 GT. RUSSELLST. , LONDON, & 15 FREDERICKST. , EDINBURGH
## p. (#240) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCA/EAAW LITERATURE
WHO IS TO BE MASTER OF
THE WORLDP
An Introduction to the Philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche
By A. M. LUDOVICI
With a Preface by Dr. OscAR LEvy
Crown 8vo, 216 pages, 2s. 6d. net
(T. N. Foulis)
In this book the author has made a plain and lucid
statement of Nietzsche's views. The work embodies the
Three Lectures recently given at University College,
London, and other matter besides—together with copious
references to the numerous philosophers, historians, and
scientists who may be said to have led up to Friedrich
Nietzsche's position.
“The lectures are well worth reading, as showing what Nietzsche-
anism really means. ”—Glasgow Herald.
“If this little book does not impel some young and gallant spirits
to the works of the philosopher, I shall be surprised. . . . Mr.
Ludovici shows such clearness, method, constructive art, as belong
to a master of exposition. ”—Westminster Gazette.
THE REVIVAL OF ARISTOCRACY
By Dr. OSCAR LEVY
3. s. 6d. net
(PROBSTHAIN)
A fierce indictment of the philosophy of the nineteenth
century, and of the events which led to it. Special chapters
are devoted to Napoleon, Stendhal, Goethe, and Nietzsche.
“The ablest exposition of Nietzscheanism that has yet appeared. ”
—Manchester Guardian.
“Here we see the philosophy of Nietzsche put into a concentrated
form, and set forth by a clever and biting pen. ”—Glasgow Herald.
## p. (#241) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCHEAM LITERATURE
ENGLISH LITERATURE
(1880–1905)
By J. M. KENNEDY
7s. 6d. net
(STEPHEN SwiFT)
The history of English Literature in the last generation
constitutes one of its most fascinating periods, not merely for
the historian, but also, and in a much greater degree, for the
psychologist. The two great features of the middle and
later Victorian era, viz. , Puritanism and Materialism, may be
said to have reached their climax about 1880, and their effect
is still felt on English Literature even at the present day.
By applying certain Nietzschean principles of literary, artistic,
and psychological criticism to the period in question,
Mr. J. M. Kennedy has shown how our modern writers have
been influenced, consciously or unconsciously, by the two
characteristics referred to. His book deals, from a psycho-
logical as well as a literary standpoint, with such well-known
writers as Wilde, Davidson, Shaw, Wells, and Fiona
Macleod, together with several authors who, although
influential in their particular circle, are less known to the
general public, such as Gissing and Ernest Dowson. As a
guide to many puzzling tendencies in recent English litera-
ture, the book forms an invaluable document.
The name of the brilliant young writer has become widely
known in a comparatively short time by his vivid and racy
criticism of English politics, the English Church, and English
Literature. Mr. Kennedy was one of the first of English
critics to recognise the necessity of breaking with last
century's liberal and romantic traditions. He has in all his
books tried to provide the Tory party, which allowed itself
likewise to be infected by the spirit of the age, with a sound
basis of new ideas and principles.
## p. (#242) ################################################
THE LIFE OF FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE
VOLUME ONE
THE YOUNG NIETZSCHE
By FRAU FOERSTER-NIETZSCHE
TRANSLATED BY ANTHONY M. LUDOVICI
Royal 8vo. With portraits. Price 15s. net
(HEINEMANN)
In an age given to a general tendency of levelling up and
down, it is particularly interesting to show the psychological
and spiritual development of genius, because it has been the
tendency to belittle the divine element among us. A first-
hand account of the life of a man of undoubted genius—
undoubted even by his enemies and detractors—must be of
interest.
Frau Foerster-Nietzsche is admirably supplied with first-
hand documents and evidence, having from childhood col-
lected everything concerning her brother, who was only two
years her senior. Her method is perhaps best shown in the
following paragraph :
“From the days of my earliest childhood I always regarded my
brother as the highest authority. . . . But this reverence which I
showed for Fritz and which, throughout my childhood and youth
brought me a lot of teasing and chaff—for at heart I am not a
believer in authority—certainly had one excellent practical result
in the shape of the Nietzsche archives, the extraordinary rich
contents of which have been collected by myself alone. From a
very early age I have always kept a treasure-drawer, in which I
preserved whatever I could get hold of that happened to come
from my brother's pen, and had been discarded by him. And if
from the first he had not been so fond of burning things, and had
not occasionally made such raids upon my precious hoard, not one
of his compositions from the time he was eight years old would now
be missing; for when I was only six, though I attached but slight
importance to my own things, I had already started this collection
of my brother's productions. ”
The present publication is based on a larger one of several
volumes, issued shortly after Nietzsche's death, and incorpor-
ating the posthumous works. Though published in connec-
tion with the Collected Edition in Germany, it was felt that
it was unfit for translation, and the posthumous works have
since been published independently. The biography itself
appears now for the first time, simultaneously in German and
in English; and Frau Foerster-Nietzsche has kindly added to
the English book some photographs of Nietzsche at different
times of life, of his birthplace, and his friends, which have not
appeared elsewhere and are not even included in the original.
VOL. II. THE SOLITARY NIETZSCHE
to appear shortly.
## p. (#243) ################################################
OTHER AWIETZSCHEAN LITERATURE
“NIETZSCHE”
By PAUL ELMER MORE
Price $1
(Boston AND NEw York: Houghton MIFFLIN Co. , 1912)
This book, which is not written by an admirer but a critic
of Nietzsche, will be welcome to the reader as an independent
opinion on a much ventilated subject. The author's attempt to
place Nietzsche in the history of philosophy and to compare his
works with that of other writers, f. i. Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau,
and the Romantics, is novel and interesting.
The book, somewhat revised, likewise appears in the eighth
volume of the author's Shelburne Essays, published by the same
firm.
THE PHILOSOPHY OF
NIETZSCHE
An Exposition and an Appreciation
By Dr. G. CHATTERTON-HILL
7s. 6d.
(John OUSELEY, LTD. , 1913)
In this absorbing work Dr. Chatterton-Hill has produced the
most readable exposition of the philosopher's teaching that has yet
been available for the general reader.
The student commencing the serious consideration of Nietzsche's
doctrine, the casual reader wishing to gain some intelligent notion
of the philosophy of the “Will to Power” and of the “Superman,”
the lover of good literature desirous of enjoying the entrancing
beauty of Nietzsche's style, have in this book a competent and
indispensable guide.
NIETZSCHE : SEIN LEBEN UND
SEINE WERKE
By RICHARD M. MEYER
M. Io; bound, M. 12. 5o. Pp. 702
(OSCAR BECK, Munich, 1913)
This generous appreciation of Nietzsche by the famous German
professor, who ranks as the first literary critic of his country,
should be welcome to all English students conversant with the
German tongue.
## p. (#244) ################################################
PUBLISHER'S ANNOUNCEMENT
As this Nietzsche translation is now completed, the pub-
lisher begs to suggest to that part of the public which takes
the lead in matters of taste and intellect, that these volumes
should not be wanting in the library of any cultured person.
The antagonism to Nietzsche's teaching, which first took the
form of icy silence and afterwards that of violent contradiction,
has considerably diminished since his real meaning has be-
come more generally known through this translation. The
opinion is now gaining ground that in Mietzsche's life-work a
totally new standpoint in matters of politics, art, literature,
and theology is to be found. Even his enemies now readily
acknowledge that Nietzsche at least wrote in an extraordinarily
vigorous and bracing style—a style which distinguishes him
from all dry-as-dust philosophers, especially those of German
origin. As the Yorkshire Weekly Post of Ioth June 1911 has
it —“He stands out in the foggy firmament of German
thought like a bright particular star. With the possible ex-
ception of Heine and Schopenhauer, no one has wielded the
German language to better effect. . . . ”
The translations have won high praise from press and
public. They have been written by scholars thoroughly
conversant with the German tongue, who have spared
no pains in rendering Nietzsche's passionate and poetic
style in adequate English. Valuable and original introduc-
tions are added to each of the volumes, giving all particulars
as to dates, circumstances, Nietzsche's development, &c. , so
that each volume may be bought separately.
An exhaustive index, such as exists in none of the
numerous translations, and not even in the German original,
has been added as a fitting coping-stone to what the Liver-
Zool Courier has called “this monumental translation. ”
T. N. FOULIS, PUBLISHER
91 GT. RUSSELLST. , LONDONY& 15 FREDERICKST. , EDINBURGH
## p. (#245) ################################################
## p. (#246) ################################################
## p. (#247) ################################################
## p. (#248) ################################################
*
## p. (#249) ################################################
DO NOT REMOVE
OR
"" CARD
## p.
