Stanford:
Stanford
UP,
1998.
1998.
Trakl - T h e Poet's F ad in g Face- A lb e rto G irri, R afael C ad en as a n d P o s th u m a n is t Latin A m e ric a n P o e try
This process and horizon, Heidegger specifies, is historically conditioned, and epochal: "There is Being only in this or that particular historical character: physis, logos, en, idea, energeia, Substantiality, Objectivity, Subjectivity, the Will, the Will to Power, the Will to Will.
[.
.
.
] The manner in which it, Being, gives itself, is itself determined by the way in which it clears itself" (Identity and Difference 66-67).
This part of Heideggers thought-- a historical, as opposed to a transcendental approach to Being-- is not far from Foucault's epistemological periodization of knowledge.
18Heidegger's quaternary description of the world, whose terms originate from a poem by Holderlin, has often been criticized by scholars as a flight of poetic fancy in its description of the interrelatedness of things.
Graham Harman, however, evocatively suggests that the "fourfold"-- instead of an arbitrary number of categories to classify the things of the world-- is a means to describe the "structure of reality itself" (176) in which "earth" and "sky" are the respective terms for the universal processes of revealing and concealing, and "divinities" and "mortals" are terms that capture how this dualism operates at the ontic level (see Chapter Two, "Beyond Being and Time," particularly section 18 "The Fourfold").
Both understandings of the fourfold, however, are useful in approaching Girri's and Cadenas' poetry.
19I would like to highlight, following Alain Badiou, that the field of cultural studies is possible because of its grounding in a particular humanism of Man that emanates from the hegemonic logic of late capitalism (Ethics 4--5) that, in his view, neutralizes alternative philosophical inquiries. As Foucault suggests, true thinking today is only possible within "the void left by man's disappearance" (The Order o f Things 343). See also Badiou's discussion of the disappearance of Man and God in Le Siecle (243-51).
20 Many studies test Edward Said's classic model of Orientalism in the Hispanic context, concluding that most Latin American authors do not partake in the power dynamics, cultural representations and political doctrines that constitute Said's definition. See: Tinajero (2004) and Kushigian (1991). Few critics have examined in a systematic fashion the appropriation and adaptation of Eastern philosophical concepts by
Latin American authors.
21 See the following books that explore the connections between Heidegger and Eastern philosophies and religious traditions: May (1996) and Parkes (1990).
Works Cited
Alfonzo Perdomo, Ilis M. Rafael Cadenas, o, La poesi? a como existencia. Ejercicio de aproximacio? n a Los cuadernos del destierro, Falsas maniobras, Intemperiey Memorial. Caracas: Contexto Editores, 1996. Print.
VOLUME 30, NUMBER 1 27
? Astorga, Omar, ed. La poesi? a, la vida. En torno a Rafael Cadenas. Caracas: Fondo Editorial de la Facultad de Humanidades y Educacio? n Universidad Central de Venezuela, 1999. Print.
Balza, Jose? . "El presente como epifani? a. " Obra entera: Poesi? ay prosa (1958-1995). Rafael Cadenas. Mexico, D. F. : FCE, 2000. 7-13. Print.
Badiou, Alain. Ethics: A n Essay on the Understanding o f Evil. Trans. Peter Hallward. New York: Verso, 2001. Print.
--------- . Handbook o fInaesthetics. Trans. Alberto Toscano. Stanford: Stanford UP, 2005. Print.
Blanchot, Maurice. Le livre h venir. Paris: Editions Gallimard, 1959. Print.
Cadenas, Rafael. "Anotaciones. " Obra entera: Poesi? ay prosa (1958-1995). 1977. Mexico, D. F. : FCE, 2000.
529-63. Print.
--------- . "Los cuadernos del destierro. " Obra entera: Poesi? ay prosa (1958-1995). 1959. Mexico, D. F. : FCE,
2000. 61-103. Print.
--------- . "Gestiones. " Obra entera: Poesi? ay prosa (1958-1995). 1977. Mexico, D. F. : FCE, 2000. 385--463.
Print.
--------- . "Intemperie. " Obra entera: Poesi? ay prosa (1958-1995). 1977. Mexico, D. F. : FCE, 2000. 141-57.
Print.
--------- . "Memorial. " Obra entera: Poesi? ay prosa (1958-1995). 1977. Mexico, D. F. : FCE, 2000. 161-325.
Print.
--------- . "Realidady literatura. " Obra entera: Poesi? ay prosa (1958-1995). 1972. Mexico, D. F. : Fondo de
Cultura Econo? mica, 2000. 465-528. Print.
Ca? rcamo-Huechante, Luis and Jose? Antonio Mazzotti. "Presentacio? n: Dislocamientos de la poesi? a
latinoamericana en la escena global. " Revista de Cri? tica Literaria Latinoamericana XXIX. 58 (2003):
9--19. Print.
Clayton, Michelle. Poetry in Pieces: Ce? sar Vallejo and Lyric Modernity. Berkeley and Los Angeles: U of
California P, 2011. Print.
Cobussen, Marcel. Thresholds. Rethinking Spirituality Through Music. Hampshire, England: Ashgate
Publishing Limited, 2008. Print.
Crespo de Arnaud, Ba? rbara. "Pro? logo. " Alberto Girri: Poemas. Buenos Aires: Centro Editor de Ame? rica
Latina, 1982. 1-VII. Print.
Cueto, Sergio. Seis estudios gi? manos. Buenos Aires: Beatriz Viterbo Editora, 1993. Print.
Dreyfus, Hubert L. and Paul Rabinow. Michel Foucault: Beyond Structuralism and Hermeneutics. Second ed.
Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1983. Print.
Ferna? ndez Moreno, Ce? sar. La realidady lospapeles. Panoramay muestra de lapoesi? a argentina contempora? nea.
Madrid: Aguilar, 1967. Print.
Foucault, Michel. "L'homme est-il mort ? ". Dits et e? crits I, 1954--1975- Eds. Daniel Defert and Francois
Ewald. Vol. 1. 2 vols. Paris: E? ditions Gallimard, 2001. 568-72. Print. ---------. TheOrderofThings:AnArcheologyoftheHumanSciences. 1966. NewYork:VintageBooksEdition,
1994. Print.
--------- . "What Is Enlightenment? " The Foucault Reader. Ed. Paul Rabinow. New York:Pantheon, 1984.
32-50. Print.
Froment-Meurice, Marc. That Is to Say: Heidegger's Poetics. 1996. Trans. Jan Plug.
Stanford: Stanford UP,
1998. Print.
Gadamer, Hans-Georg. Philosophical Hermeneutics. Trans. David E. Linge. Berkeley and Los Angeles: U of
California P, 1976. Print.
Girri, Alberto. "A? rbol de la estirpe humana. " Obra poe? tica III. 1978. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Corregidor,
1980. 289-344. Print.
--------- . "La condicio? n necesaria. " Obra poe? tica I. 1960. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Corregidor, 1977. 291--335.
Print.
--------- . "Diario de un libro. " Obra poe? tica III. 1972. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Corregidor, 1980. 7--111.
Print.
--------- . "Existenciales. '' Obra poe? tica V. 1986. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Corregidor, 1988. 80-155. Print. --------- . "Lo propio, lo de todos. " Obra poe? tica TV. 1980. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Corregidor, 1984. 31-93.
Print.
--------- . "El motivo es elpoema. " Obrapoe? tica III. 1976. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Corregidor, 1980. 221-88.
28
CONFLUENCIA, FALL 2014
Print.
? ----------. Notas sobre la experiencia poe? tica. Buenos Aires: Editorial Losada S. A. , 1983. Print.
----------. "E l ojo! ' Obra poe? tica II. 1963. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Corregidor, 1978. 25-102. Print. ----------. "Playa sola. " Obra poe? tica I. 1946. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Corregidor, 1977. 9-81. Print. ----------. "Quien habla no esta? muerto. " Obrapoe? tica III. 1975. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Corregidor, 1980.
163-288. Print.
----------. Quincepoetas norteamericanos. Buenos Aires: Bibliogra? fica Omeba, 1966. Print.
Harman, Graham. Tool-Being: Heidegger and the Metaphysics o f Objects. Peru, Illinois: Carus Publishing Co. ,
2002. Print.
Heidegger, Martin. "The Age of the World Picture. "Trans. William Lovitt. The Question Concerning
Technology and Other Essays. 1938. New York: Harper & Row, 1977. 115--54. Print.
----------. Identity and Difference. Trans. Joan Stambaugh. 1957. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 2002. Print. ----------. "The Question Concerning Technology. " Trans. William Lovitt. The Question Concerning Technology
and Other Essays. New York: Harper & Row, 1977. 3-50. Print.
----------. "The Thing. " Trans. Albert Hofstadter. Poetry, Language, Thought. 1950. New York: Harper & Row,
1971. 161-84. Print.
----------. "W hat Are Poets For? " Trans. Albert Hofstadter. Poetry, Language, Thought. New York: Harper &
Row, 1971. 87-139. Print.
----------. "The Word of Nietzsche. " Trans. William Lovitt. The Question Concerning Technology and Other
Essays. 1938. New York: Harper & Row, 1977. 53--112.
Huidobro, Vicente. The Selected Poetry o f Vicente Huidobro. Ed. David M. Guss. New York: New Directions,
1982. Print.
Isava Bricen? o, Luis Miguel. Voz de amante (Estudio sobre lapoesi? a de Rafael Cadenas). Caracas: Academia
Nacional de la Historia, 1990. Print.
Jime? nez Flores, Fabia? n. "Coral Bracho: la revelacio? n de las palabras. " Poe? ticas mexicanas del siglo XX. Ed.
Samuel Gordon. Mexico, D. F. : Ediciones Eo? n and Universidad Iberoamericana, 2004. 367-98. Print. Kodama, Mari? a. "Introduccio? n. "Alberto Girri: Noventay nuevepoemas. Ed. Mari? a Kodama. Madrid: Alianza
Editorial, 1988. Print.
Kushigian, Julia A. Orientalism in the Hispanic Literary Tradition. In Dialogue with Borges, Paz, and Sarduy.
Albuquerque: U ofNew Mexico P, 1991. Print.
Martin, Gerald. "Literature, music and the visual arts, 1870-1930. "A Cultural History o fLatin America. Ed.
Leslie Bethell. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1998. 47--130.
19I would like to highlight, following Alain Badiou, that the field of cultural studies is possible because of its grounding in a particular humanism of Man that emanates from the hegemonic logic of late capitalism (Ethics 4--5) that, in his view, neutralizes alternative philosophical inquiries. As Foucault suggests, true thinking today is only possible within "the void left by man's disappearance" (The Order o f Things 343). See also Badiou's discussion of the disappearance of Man and God in Le Siecle (243-51).
20 Many studies test Edward Said's classic model of Orientalism in the Hispanic context, concluding that most Latin American authors do not partake in the power dynamics, cultural representations and political doctrines that constitute Said's definition. See: Tinajero (2004) and Kushigian (1991). Few critics have examined in a systematic fashion the appropriation and adaptation of Eastern philosophical concepts by
Latin American authors.
21 See the following books that explore the connections between Heidegger and Eastern philosophies and religious traditions: May (1996) and Parkes (1990).
Works Cited
Alfonzo Perdomo, Ilis M. Rafael Cadenas, o, La poesi? a como existencia. Ejercicio de aproximacio? n a Los cuadernos del destierro, Falsas maniobras, Intemperiey Memorial. Caracas: Contexto Editores, 1996. Print.
VOLUME 30, NUMBER 1 27
? Astorga, Omar, ed. La poesi? a, la vida. En torno a Rafael Cadenas. Caracas: Fondo Editorial de la Facultad de Humanidades y Educacio? n Universidad Central de Venezuela, 1999. Print.
Balza, Jose? . "El presente como epifani? a. " Obra entera: Poesi? ay prosa (1958-1995). Rafael Cadenas. Mexico, D. F. : FCE, 2000. 7-13. Print.
Badiou, Alain. Ethics: A n Essay on the Understanding o f Evil. Trans. Peter Hallward. New York: Verso, 2001. Print.
--------- . Handbook o fInaesthetics. Trans. Alberto Toscano. Stanford: Stanford UP, 2005. Print.
Blanchot, Maurice. Le livre h venir. Paris: Editions Gallimard, 1959. Print.
Cadenas, Rafael. "Anotaciones. " Obra entera: Poesi? ay prosa (1958-1995). 1977. Mexico, D. F. : FCE, 2000.
529-63. Print.
--------- . "Los cuadernos del destierro. " Obra entera: Poesi? ay prosa (1958-1995). 1959. Mexico, D. F. : FCE,
2000. 61-103. Print.
--------- . "Gestiones. " Obra entera: Poesi? ay prosa (1958-1995). 1977. Mexico, D. F. : FCE, 2000. 385--463.
Print.
--------- . "Intemperie. " Obra entera: Poesi? ay prosa (1958-1995). 1977. Mexico, D. F. : FCE, 2000. 141-57.
Print.
--------- . "Memorial. " Obra entera: Poesi? ay prosa (1958-1995). 1977. Mexico, D. F. : FCE, 2000. 161-325.
Print.
--------- . "Realidady literatura. " Obra entera: Poesi? ay prosa (1958-1995). 1972. Mexico, D. F. : Fondo de
Cultura Econo? mica, 2000. 465-528. Print.
Ca? rcamo-Huechante, Luis and Jose? Antonio Mazzotti. "Presentacio? n: Dislocamientos de la poesi? a
latinoamericana en la escena global. " Revista de Cri? tica Literaria Latinoamericana XXIX. 58 (2003):
9--19. Print.
Clayton, Michelle. Poetry in Pieces: Ce? sar Vallejo and Lyric Modernity. Berkeley and Los Angeles: U of
California P, 2011. Print.
Cobussen, Marcel. Thresholds. Rethinking Spirituality Through Music. Hampshire, England: Ashgate
Publishing Limited, 2008. Print.
Crespo de Arnaud, Ba? rbara. "Pro? logo. " Alberto Girri: Poemas. Buenos Aires: Centro Editor de Ame? rica
Latina, 1982. 1-VII. Print.
Cueto, Sergio. Seis estudios gi? manos. Buenos Aires: Beatriz Viterbo Editora, 1993. Print.
Dreyfus, Hubert L. and Paul Rabinow. Michel Foucault: Beyond Structuralism and Hermeneutics. Second ed.
Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1983. Print.
Ferna? ndez Moreno, Ce? sar. La realidady lospapeles. Panoramay muestra de lapoesi? a argentina contempora? nea.
Madrid: Aguilar, 1967. Print.
Foucault, Michel. "L'homme est-il mort ? ". Dits et e? crits I, 1954--1975- Eds. Daniel Defert and Francois
Ewald. Vol. 1. 2 vols. Paris: E? ditions Gallimard, 2001. 568-72. Print. ---------. TheOrderofThings:AnArcheologyoftheHumanSciences. 1966. NewYork:VintageBooksEdition,
1994. Print.
--------- . "What Is Enlightenment? " The Foucault Reader. Ed. Paul Rabinow. New York:Pantheon, 1984.
32-50. Print.
Froment-Meurice, Marc. That Is to Say: Heidegger's Poetics. 1996. Trans. Jan Plug.
Stanford: Stanford UP,
1998. Print.
Gadamer, Hans-Georg. Philosophical Hermeneutics. Trans. David E. Linge. Berkeley and Los Angeles: U of
California P, 1976. Print.
Girri, Alberto. "A? rbol de la estirpe humana. " Obra poe? tica III. 1978. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Corregidor,
1980. 289-344. Print.
--------- . "La condicio? n necesaria. " Obra poe? tica I. 1960. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Corregidor, 1977. 291--335.
Print.
--------- . "Diario de un libro. " Obra poe? tica III. 1972. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Corregidor, 1980. 7--111.
Print.
--------- . "Existenciales. '' Obra poe? tica V. 1986. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Corregidor, 1988. 80-155. Print. --------- . "Lo propio, lo de todos. " Obra poe? tica TV. 1980. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Corregidor, 1984. 31-93.
Print.
--------- . "El motivo es elpoema. " Obrapoe? tica III. 1976. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Corregidor, 1980. 221-88.
28
CONFLUENCIA, FALL 2014
Print.
? ----------. Notas sobre la experiencia poe? tica. Buenos Aires: Editorial Losada S. A. , 1983. Print.
----------. "E l ojo! ' Obra poe? tica II. 1963. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Corregidor, 1978. 25-102. Print. ----------. "Playa sola. " Obra poe? tica I. 1946. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Corregidor, 1977. 9-81. Print. ----------. "Quien habla no esta? muerto. " Obrapoe? tica III. 1975. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Corregidor, 1980.
163-288. Print.
----------. Quincepoetas norteamericanos. Buenos Aires: Bibliogra? fica Omeba, 1966. Print.
Harman, Graham. Tool-Being: Heidegger and the Metaphysics o f Objects. Peru, Illinois: Carus Publishing Co. ,
2002. Print.
Heidegger, Martin. "The Age of the World Picture. "Trans. William Lovitt. The Question Concerning
Technology and Other Essays. 1938. New York: Harper & Row, 1977. 115--54. Print.
----------. Identity and Difference. Trans. Joan Stambaugh. 1957. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 2002. Print. ----------. "The Question Concerning Technology. " Trans. William Lovitt. The Question Concerning Technology
and Other Essays. New York: Harper & Row, 1977. 3-50. Print.
----------. "The Thing. " Trans. Albert Hofstadter. Poetry, Language, Thought. 1950. New York: Harper & Row,
1971. 161-84. Print.
----------. "W hat Are Poets For? " Trans. Albert Hofstadter. Poetry, Language, Thought. New York: Harper &
Row, 1971. 87-139. Print.
----------. "The Word of Nietzsche. " Trans. William Lovitt. The Question Concerning Technology and Other
Essays. 1938. New York: Harper & Row, 1977. 53--112.
Huidobro, Vicente. The Selected Poetry o f Vicente Huidobro. Ed. David M. Guss. New York: New Directions,
1982. Print.
Isava Bricen? o, Luis Miguel. Voz de amante (Estudio sobre lapoesi? a de Rafael Cadenas). Caracas: Academia
Nacional de la Historia, 1990. Print.
Jime? nez Flores, Fabia? n. "Coral Bracho: la revelacio? n de las palabras. " Poe? ticas mexicanas del siglo XX. Ed.
Samuel Gordon. Mexico, D. F. : Ediciones Eo? n and Universidad Iberoamericana, 2004. 367-98. Print. Kodama, Mari? a. "Introduccio? n. "Alberto Girri: Noventay nuevepoemas. Ed. Mari? a Kodama. Madrid: Alianza
Editorial, 1988. Print.
Kushigian, Julia A. Orientalism in the Hispanic Literary Tradition. In Dialogue with Borges, Paz, and Sarduy.
Albuquerque: U ofNew Mexico P, 1991. Print.
Martin, Gerald. "Literature, music and the visual arts, 1870-1930. "A Cultural History o fLatin America. Ed.
Leslie Bethell. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1998. 47--130.
