No More Learning

Dec. 14, 1865. His paintings were noteworthy;
Eadmer or Edmer. A British historian and
and in such books as Materials for a History
biographer, who lived, a monk, at Canterbury,
of Oil Painting' (1847–69) and History of the
between 1090 and 1115, and died about 1124.
Gothic Revival (1871), he manifests taste and
An enduring fame has been the outcome of his
discrimination.
(History of Recent Events) (Historia Novo-
rum); "Life of St. Anselm); and other works.
Eastman, Charles Gamage. An American
poet; born in Fryeburg, Me. , June 1, 1816; died
Eagles, John. An English artist, art critic,
in Burlington, Vt. , 1861. He published (1848)
and poet; born in Bristol, 1783; died at Clifton,
a volume of Poems) descriptive of rural life
Nov. 8, 1855. He contributed essays on art to
in New England, and marked by a high de-
periodicals, and brought out “The Sketcher,' a
gree of metrical finish. He edited the Ver.
collection of miscellaneous prose and verse.
mont Patriot at Montpelier from 1846 until his
A book of (Sonnets) appeared posthumously. death, and was a contributor of poetry to
Earle, Mrs. Alice Morse. An American magazines.
writer; born in Massachusetts in 1851. She has
Eastman, Julia Arabella. An American
written extensively upon the manners and cus-
story-writer; born in Fulton, N. Y. , July 17,
toms of the colonial period in New England
1837
Included in her juvenile story-books
and New York. Among her numerous works
are : (Short Comings and Long Goings (1869);
are : Curious Punishments of Bygone Days);
(Beulah Romney) (1871); and (Young Rick!
(Customs and Fashions in Old New England);
(1875). She also contributed sketches and po.
(Colonial Dames and Goodwives); 'Colonial
ems to magazines.
Days in Old New York. )
Earle, John. An English clergyman and
Eastman, Mary (Henderson). An Ameri-
can prose-writer; born in Warrenton, Va. , in
author; born in York, England, in 1601; died
1818. She has published : Dacotah, or Life
at Oxford, Nov. 17, 1665. He was chaplain and
tutor to Charles II. , and his companion in
and Legends of the Sioux? (1849); Romance
exile ; later Bishop of Worcester. His literary
of Indian Life) (1852); (Tales of Fashionable
fame is due to the famous Microcosmographie,
Life (1856); and many stories and sketches.
or a Peece of the World discovered in Essayes Eastwick, Edward Backhouse. An English
and Characters) (1628), a series of sketches Orientalist and diplomatist; born in Berkshire
full of wit and humor, which throw much light in 1814; died at Ventnor, Isle of Wight, July
on the social condition of the time.
16, 1883. He was a voluminous writer on Ori-
Early, Jubal Anderson. An American gen-
ental (especially East-Indian) subjects, and has
eral and lawyer; born in Franklin County,
rendered very important service to English
Va. , Nov. 3, 1816; died March 2, 1894. He literature by many translations from Persian
graduated from West Point in 1837; served in and Hindu: e. g. , Sadi's “Gulistan) or (The
the Seminole War (1837-38); resigned in 1838
Rose Garden in 1852, and the version of Pil-
to study law; and was prominent in the Mexi-
pay's fables called (Anvār-i-Suhaili in 1854.
can War (1847–48). He became a Confederate
He also wrote a Journal of a Diplomat's
major-general in the Civil War; took part
Three-Years' Residence in Persia! (2 vols. ,
at Bull Run and Gettysburg, and in 1864 in-
1864), and “Venezuela,' or 'Sketches of Life in
vaded Maryland, but was checked by Sheri-
a South-American Republic) (1868). Between
dan. After the war he practiced law at
1878 and 1882 he brought out a sumptuous
Richmond and Lynchburg, Va. , and New Or. | 2-vol. edition of the Kaisar-nama-i-hind,' or
leans, La. His works include: A Memoir of
(Lay of the Empress. He was a frequent
the Last Year of the War for Independence
contributor to literary journals.
in the Confederate States) (1867) ; 'Campaigns
Eaton, Arthur Wentworth Hamilton. An
of General Lee) (1872).
American clergyman and author; born in Nora
Eastcott, Richard. An English writer on Scotia in 1849. He is a minister of the Epis-
music; born at Exeter, about 1740; died at copal Church in New York city. Among his
Livery Dale (? ), Devonshire, 1828. A volume works are: 'The Heart of the Creeds) (1838);


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EBELING – EÇA DE QUEIROZ
161
1
1
.
.
(Acadian Legends and Lyrics) (1889); “Tales
of a Garrison Town' (with C. L. Betts).
Ebeling, Adolf (a'bel-ing). A German de-
scriptive and historical writer ; born in Ham-
burg. Oct. 24, 1827. Living Pictures from
Modern Paris) (1863-67); (Rainbows in the
East) (1868), a series of Oriental epics, legends,
or ghazels; Napoleon III. and his Court)
(1891-93); are the fruit of large travel and
study. He has written also many biograph-
ical studies and travel sketches.
Ebeling, Christoph Daniel. A German
scholar and historian; born in Hildesheim,
about 1741; died in Hamburg, June 30, 1817.
He was for many years professor of history
and Greek at Hamburg. His chief work is a
"Geography and History of North America)
15 vols. , 1793-99), for which he received a vote
of thanks from Congress.
Eberhard, Christian August Gottlob (ā'ber-
härd). A German poet and descriptive writer;
born in Belzig, Jan. 12, 1769; died in Dresden,
May 13, 1845. His verse is a reminiscence of
the 18th-century style and of the school of
Gleim, the idyl 'Little Hans and the Cookie)
(1822) and Various Poems) (1833) eminently
50. His best prose is in Italy as It Impressed
Me) (1839).
Eberhard, Johann August. A German phil-
osophical writer; born in Halberstadt, Aug. 31,
1739; died in Halle (? ), Jan. 6, 1809. He first
attracted attention with a "New Apology (or
plea] of Socrates) (1772), an attack upon the
narrow theology of the day, to which succeeded
'Universal History of Philosophy) (1788);
Handbook to Asthetic) (1803-5); and other
works from a Wolfian standpoint, in harmony
with Leibnitz and opposition to Kant.
Ebers, Georg Moritz (ā'bers). A distin-
guished German Egyptologist and novelist;
born at Berlin, March 1, 1837. His series of his-
torical romances comprise in sequence: An
Egyptian Princess) (1864); (Uarda! (1877);
Homo Sum) (1878); (The Sisters) (1879);
'The Emperor) (1880); “Serapis) (1885); “The
Bride of the Nile' (1886); Joshua) (1889); ( Per
Aspera' (1892); (Cleopatra' (1894); and (Eli-
fen, in verse (1888). The first two have
been translated into many languages. Between
times he has written several other historical
novels; including (The Burgomaster's Wife)
(1881), of the Spanish domination in the Low
Countries. His contributions to Egyptology
are also numerous. *
Ebert, Johann Arnold (ā'bert). A German
translator and poet; born in Hamburg, Feb. 8,
1723; died in Brunswick, March 19, 1795. His
friend Klopstock addressed a pleasing ode to
him. He is better known through his trans-
lations of Young's Night Thoughts) and other
poems than by his own work, which appears in
Epistles and Miscellaneous Verse) (1789).
Ebert, Karl Egon. An Austrian poet and
dramatist (1801-82); born at Prague. He be-
gan with dramas of Bohemian history, many
of which were staged but only one printed,
(Wratislav and Jutta) (1835). As a lyric
poet and balladist he was more successful;
his Poems) (1824) contain fine lyrics, and
(Schwerting the Saxon Duke) is still high in
popular favor. His longer poems -(Vlasta, a
National Hero-Poem of Bohemia,' and 'The
Monastery, are Auent in style, pure and ele.
gant in language. (A Monument to Karl Egon,
Prince of Fürstenberg) consists of a garland of
sonnets; (Devout Meditations of a Man of the
World' is a didactic poem.
Ebner-Eschenbach, Baroness Marie von
(āb'ner esh'en-bach). An eminent Austrian
novelist and poet; born (Countess Dubsky) at
Castle Zdislavic, Moravia, Sept. 13, 1830. Be-
ginning in 1860 as a playwright, Mary Stuart
in Scotland) (1860) and the tragedy (Marie
Roland, with the one-act dramas (Doctor Rit-
ter,' (Violets,' and (The Disconsolate One,'
were but moderately successful. Turning to
fiction, "The Princess of Banalia) (1872), a
satiric tale, made little impression; but (Two
Countesses) (1885), a story of Austrian high so-
ciety, met with striking favor, and its succes-
sors place her among the great writers. They
include: (Tales of Village and Castle'; (The
Child of the Parish); (The Rival. She has
epic power, keen psychological insight, and
quick sensibility; and is unsurpassed in grace
of form and precision of style.
Ebrard, Johannes Heinrich August
(ā'brärd). A German Protestant theological
writer, dramatist, and literary critic; born in
Erlangen, Jan. 18, 1818; died there, July 23,
1888. He led a general reform movement in
theology, producing : Philosophical Criticism of
Evangelical History) (1842); (The Dogma of
the Last Supper and its History) (1845-46);
(Practical Theology (1856); etc. ; while under
the pseudonym of “Gottfried Flammberg” he
wrote Duplessis-Mornay) (1859), and other
dramas, and "A Life in Song) (2d ed. 1872), a
collection of verse. His other pseudonym,
“Christian Deutsch, has served in connection
with (Stephen Klinger) (1872), a play, and
studies of the Ossian creations.
Ebsworth, Joseph. An English dramatist
and musician; born in London, Oct. 10, 1788;
died in Edinburgh, June 22, 1868. He wrote,
adapted, or translated many successful plays;
among them (The Rival Valets) (1825), a
comedy drama, and “The Crusaders' (1850–51),
a drama. He was an adapter rather than a
creator. His songs, learning, and versatility
made him a distinguished figure in Edinburgh
circles. He wrote also in collaboration with
his wife, Mary Emma (Fairbrother).
Eça de Queiroz, José Maria (ā'sä dė kā.
roz). A Portuguese novelist; born at Póvoa
do Varzim, Nov. 25, 1845. At first a journalist,
he traveled and was in the consular service in
many parts of the world. He introduced the
naturalistic school into Portugal. His powers
of observation and description are great, and
in his novels -(The Crime of Father Amaro)
))
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162
ECHARD -- EDERSHEIM
(1874, rewritten in 1880); ( The First Monk
of St. Basil) (1877); (A Relic) (1886) - he
portrays in master strokes the failings of
Portuguese society. His strange, half real-
istic, half fanciful story, (The Relic, weaves
into a narrative of Oriental travel a dramatic
representation of the Passion of Christ in the
form of a dream. In collaboration with Ra-
malho-Ortigảo he wrote the spirited tale of
adventure, (The Mystery of Cintra Street.
Echard or Eachard, Laurence. An English
historian; born at Barsham, Suffolk, 1670 (? );
died at Lincoln, Aug. 16, 1730. A clergyman
and a scholar, his History of England from
the First Entrance of Julius Cæsar and the
Romans to the End of the Reign of James the
First) (1707) contains a wealth of information,
including the particulars of Cromwell's inter-
view with the Devil on the morning of the
battle of Worcester. Other historical and schol-
arly works increased his reputation.
Echegaray, José (ā-cha-gär-ā'). A notable
Spanish dramatist; born in Madrid, 1832. He
is author of several treatises on mechanics and
civil engineering, and was for a time minister
of commerce and of public instruction. Since
1874, when the production of “The Avenger's
Bride opened a new and brilliant life for the
Spanish stage, he has given himself wholly to
the drama; producing in a few years thirty
plays rich in imagination, dramatic force, and
lyric talent, though with the true Spaniard's
love of the horrible. Of his greatest pieces
may be named : (The Great Galeotto); (Mad.
man or Saint); (Conflict between Two Duties);
(A Merry Life and a Sad Death. ' *
Echeverria, Estéban (ā-chā vā-rē'ä). A nota-
ble Argentine poet; born in Buenos Ayres,
1809; died in Montevideo, 1851. He published
a book of Rhymes) at 19; passed some time
in France, became a devotee of Byron and
Lamartine, and on his return published an-
other volume whose exuberance explains its
failure. But later volumes of short poems
(Counsels ); «The Female Captives); (Guitar)
prove him a genuine poet.
Eckardt, Ludwig (eck'ärt). An Austrian lit.
erary historian, essayist, and dramatist ; born in
Vienna, May 16, 1827; died at Tetchen, Bohemia,
Feb. I, 1871. His career was one of vicissitudes
owing to his political opinions, but he wrote:
Josephine, a drama; Lectures on Goethe's
Torquato Tasso) (1852); Dramatic Studies)
(1853); and other critical and biographical
studies, attaining distinction as a scholar.
Eckermann, Johann Peter (ek'er-män). A
German poet (1792-1854); born at Winsen in
Hanover. He has permanent place in litera-
ture through his deeply affectionate record of
"Conversations with Goethe in the Last Years
of his Life) (2 vols. , 1823-32); it has been trans-
lated into nearly all the languages of Europe,
even Turkish. He edited the 40-vol. edition
of Goethe's works (1839-40).
Eckstein, Ernst (ek'stin). A German hu-
morist, poet, and novelist; born at Giessen, Feb.
6, 1845. From the university he went to Paris,
and there completed his comic epos (Check to
the Queen (1870), and wrote (Paris Silhouettes)
(1873), the grotesque night-piece (The Varzin
Ghosts, and the Mute of Seville. Later he
visited different places, and wrote the stories
(Margherita'; 'At the Tomb of Cestius); (The
Mosque at Cordova. He was editor of a lit-
erary and critical journal, Hall of Poets, and
of a humorous weekly, The Wag, at Leipsic for
some years, and in 1885 settled in Dresden.
He is a very prolific and inventive writer, a
master of technique. Besides a multitude of
brilliant humorous sketches, he has written
many stories of ancient classic life, as (The
Claudii'; Aphrodite, a Story of Ancient Hel.
las); Decius the Fluteplayer: a Merry Story
of a Musician in Ancient Rome. )
Écrevisse, Peter (ā-krā-vēs'). A Flemish
novelist (1804-1879); born at Obbicht in Lim-
burg. In 1860 he withdrew from a promising
political career and devoted himself to liter-
ature. He is noted for his power of description
and his simple earnest style. Of his numerous
historical novels must be mentioned: (The
Destruction of Maestricht); (The De Witt
Brothers. He is author also of some novels
of society: (The Cancer of Cities); (The Step-
son); (The Servingman of Kempen. '
Eddy, Daniel Clark. An American clergy-
man and writer; born in Salem, Mass. , in 1823;
died in Martha's Vineyard, Mass. , July 26, 1890.
Among his numerous works are: (Burman
Apostle) (1850); Percy Family) (1852); (The
Young Woman's Friend (1855); (The Angel's
Whispers); "Waiting at the Cross); (Europa,
or Scenes in the Old World); and (The Young
Man's Friend. '
Eden, Emily. An English novelist and de-
scriptive writer; born in Westminster, March
3, 1797; died at Richmond, Surrey, Aug. 5,
1869.
Her (Semi-Detached House) (1859) and
(Semi-Attached Couple) (1860) possess realistic
charm; while Portraits of the People and
Princes of India) (1844), and other impressions
of travel, do equal honor to her descriptive
excellence.
Eden, Sir Frederick Morton. An English
writer on sociology and economics; born in
Kent(? ), 1766; died in London, Nov. 14, 1809.
His painstaking study of (The State of the
Poor) (1797) is a sociological classic.
Edersheim, Alfred (ā'der-shim). A Jewish-
Christian Biblical writer; born at Vienna,
1825; died at Mentone, France, March 16, 1889.
From the universities of Vienna and Berlin he
passed to that of Edinburgh, where he studied
theology and became a minister of the Scotch
Free Church. He wrote a Bible History) 17
vols. ); (Sketches of Jewish Social Life in the
Days of Christ); (History of the Jewish Nation
after the Destruction of Jerusalem by Titus! :
Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah. '
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EDGAR-EDWARDS
163
1
1
1
Edgar, John George. An English biogra-
pher and historian; born in 1834 ; died in 1864.
In business at Liverpool, he left it for literature :
edited Every Boy's Magazine, contributed to
the London press, and wrote biographies and
histories, mainly for the young; among them :
"The Boyhood of Great Men (1853); (Foot-
prints of Famous Men (1853); "Crusades and
Crusaders) (1859); "Sea Kings and Naval
Heroes) (1860); Cavaliers and Roundheads)
(1861).
Edgcumbe, Richard. An English poetaster
and wit; born in Lancaster (? ), 1716; died in
Cornwall, May 10, 1761. He was a gay spirit,
and enriched the literature of conviviality with
'The Fable of the Ass, Nightingale, and Kid);
"Ode to Health'; and other poems which were
deemed witty in their day.
Edgeworth, Maria. A distinguished Eng-
lish novelist; born in Black Bourton, Oxford-
shire (not in Berkshire), Jan. I, 1767; died in
Edgeworthstown, Ireland, May 1849. She did
her first literary work in conjunction with her
father, upon whose Irish estate she acquired
that knowledge of genial prodigality and hos-
pitable beggary to which many of her tales
owe their humor. Her principal works are :
'Castle Rackrent? (1800); "Early Lessons)
(1801); (Belinda' (1801); Moral Tales) (1801);
"The Modern Griselda) (1804); "Leonora)
(1806); (Tales of Fashionable Life) (1809-12);
Patronage (1814); (Ormond' (1817); and
'Helen (1834). *
Edgren, Anne Charlotte Leffler- (ed'gren).
A Swedish novelist, eminent in the realistic
school; born at Stockholm, Oct. 16, 1849; died
at Naples, Oct. 24, 1892. A volume of short
tales, By Chance, and the dramas, (The
Actress, (The Curate, etc. , were a great suc-
cess anonymously; and she then put her own
name to three successive volumes of short sto-
ries called (From Life,' followed by “A Sum-
mer Story,' (Woman and Erotism,' and many
others. (Ideal Women,' (The Struggle for
Happiness, and A Rescuing Angel) (the most
successful of her plays) are most notable
among her later dramas.
Edgren, August Hjalmar. A Swedish au-
thor; born in Wermland, Sweden, October 1840.
He came to the United States in 1860, and
joined the 99th New York Regiment as ad lieu-
tenant January 1862; August 1863 entered the
engineer corps. He was connected with Yale
C'niversity from 1874 to 1880, and professor of
modern languages and Sanskrit in Nebraska
C'niversity from 1880 to 1884. His numerous
publications include a Swedish work on the
Literature of America) (1878); “Swedish Lit-
erature in America) (1883); and (American
Antiquities) (1885); besides many valuable
papers for students, pertaining to Sanskrit,
Romance, and Germanic philology.
Edler, Karl Erdmann (ād'ler). An Austrian
novelist; born at Poděbrad in Bohemia, May
8, 1814. His stories have nearly all a historical
background, truthfully portrayed. Among them
may be named: (Wilfried, a Story of the Mid-
dle Age) (1874); (Gabor, a Picture of the
Steppe) (1874); (The Last Jew) (1885); “Bal-
dine) (1881); (A Bell-Ringer's Journey); Notre
Dame des Flots) (Our Lady of the Billows).
The last three were translated into English by
Lord Lytton.
Edmonstone, Sir Archibald. An English
descriptive writer, dramatist, poet, and Pietist;
born in London, March 12, 1795; died there,
March 13, 1871. He was an extensive traveler,
and wrote (A Journey to Two of the Oases
of Upper Egypt) (1822); in addition to which
(Leonora) (1832), a tragedy, (The Progress of
Religion (1842), a poem, and “The Christian
Gentleman's Daily Walk) (1840), evince fair
talent.
Edward VI. King of England; born at
Hampton Court, Oct. 12, 1537; died at Green-
wich, July 6, 1553. His Journal, a chronicle
of his every-day experiences from the time of
his accession until the year preceding his
death, and various essays and declamations in
French, Greek, and Latin, give a favorable
impression of his literary capacity.
Edwards, Amelia Blandford. An English
Egyptologist and writer of novels; born in Lon-
don, 1831; died in Weston-super-Mare, Somer-
setshire, April 15, 1892. Her novels include:
(My Brother's Wife) (1855); Hand and Glove)
(1859); and “In the Days of my Youth) (1873).
Later, she achieved great celebrity through her
writings and lectures on the antiquities of
Egypt; her best-known works in this field are
(A Thousand Miles up the Nile) (1877), and
(Pharaohs, Fellahs, and Explorers) (1891).
Edwards, Edward. An English librarian
and writer on library lore; born in London (? ),
1812; died at Niton, Isle of Wight, Feb. 10,
1886. In the Memoirs of Libraries) (1859),
(Lives of the Founders of the British Museum)
(1870), and (Sir Walter Raleigh) (1885), the
latter an experiment in biography, his mastery
of his subjects is authoritative.
Edwards, George. An English or Scotch
writer on sociology and social reform ; born in
1752; died in London, Feb. 17, 1823. Possessed
of the conviction that he held the precious
secret of the relief of man's estate, he wrote
some fifty books to disseminate the informa-
tion, among which is one with the long title:
(The Practical System of Human Economy, or
the New Era at Length Fully Ascertained,
Whereby We are Able in One Immediate Sim-
ple Undertaking to Remove the Distress, Bur-
dens, and Grievances of the Times, and to
Bring All our Interests, Public, Private, and
Commercial, to their Intended Perfection)
(1816).
Edwards, George Wharton. An American
artist and author ; born in Connecticut in 1860.
He is a resident of Plainfield, N. J. Most of
his stories have appeared in the Century Mag-
azine. His works include: (P'tit Matinic', and
Other Monotones); "Thumb-Nail Sketches);
(Break o' Day, and Other Stories.
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164
EDWARDS -- EGAN
Edwards, Harry Stillwell. An American
journalist and author; born in Macon, Ga. ,
April 23, 1854. He graduated from the law
department of Mercer Cniversity, and practiced
law, but in 1871 entered journalism in his na-
tive city. He is well known as a writer of
dialect stories. Among his works are : ( Two
Runaways, and Other Stories) (1889); (Sons
and Fathers.
Edwards, Henry Sutherland. An English
descriptive writer, essayist, biographer, and nov.
elist; born in London, 1828. He traveled and
studied in Russia, Turkey, and Central Europe,
acting as newspaper correspondent. He pro-
duced (The Polish Captivity) (1863); "Life of
Rossini? (1869); (The Germans in France)
(1874); (The Slavonian Provinces of Turkey)
(1876); (The Prima Donna: her History and
Surroundings from the 17th to the 19th Cen-
tury) (1888); Dutiful Daughters) (1890), a
tale of London life; etc. He is an acute
observer.
Edwards, John. An American poet; born
on the banks of the river Twrch in Wales
(whence known as Eos-Glan-Twrch or the
nightingale of the Twrch”), April 15, 1806;
died near Rome, N. Y. , Jan. 20, 1887. He did
much to promote the publication in America
of Welsh periodicals. His published poems
include (The Crucifixion) (1853), and (The
Omnipresence of God (1859).
Edwards, John, or Sion Ceiriog. A Welsh
poet; born in Crogen Wladys, Glyn Ceiriog,
1747; died in London, September 1792. He
wrote a St. David's Day ode and other pieces,
and seems to have been a popular and accom-
plished character.
Edwards, John, or Sion y Potiau. A Welsh
poet; born in Glyn Ceiriog, Denbighshire,
about 1700; died in 1776. He translated Bun-
yan's (Pilgrim's Progress) and wrote poetry.
Edwards, Jonathan. An American divine
and theological writer of world-wide fame;
born in East Windsor, Conn. , Oct. 5, 1703; died
at Princeton, N. J. , March 22, 1758. He was the
son of Timothy Edwards, a Congregational
minister, and was himself minister at North-
ampton, Mass. , 1727-50. From 1751 to 1758 he
was an Indian missionary, and at the time of
his death he was president of the College of
New Jersey (now Princeton University). His
works are the recognized exponents of essen-
tial Calvinism next to those of its founder,
and rank high in the theological metaphysic
of all time. They include among others : (An
Inquiry into the Modern Prevailing Notions
respecting that Freedom of the Will which
is Supposed to be Essential to Moral Agency)
(1754); "The Great Christian Doctrine of Ori-
ginal Sin Defended (1757 ? ); and (A Disser-
tation concerning the End for which God
Created the World' (1789). *
Edwards, Mathilda Barbara Betham. An
English novelist; born in Westerfield, Suffolk,
1836. Her sprightly fancy and the ingenuity of
her plots impart exceptional interest to "The
White House by the Seal (1857); Kitty
(1869); and many bright stories that followed.
Eeden, Frederik van (ā'den). A Dutch poet ;
born at Haarlem, about 1800. He is uncon-
ventionally graphic and original in his figures
of speech, and in true poetry has few contem-
porary equals. The famous "Little Johnny)
(1887) is a seemingly simple nature poem con-
veying profound thought. Don Torrileio) and
other plays had successful stage careers.
Eekhoud, Georges (ēk'hout). A notable
Belgian novelist; born at Antwerp, May 27,
1854. He first published two volumes of poetry,
(Myrtles and Cypresses) and Poetic Zig-
Zags); then became a newspaper literary critic
in Brussels, and wrote a few short stories.
His first considerable novel, (The Militia of
St. Francis,' is a masterly portrayal of Flemish
peasant life, especially its naïve mystic reli-
giousness. His masterpiece, New Carthage,
paints Antwerp life in its naked actuality.
Notable also is "The Fusillades at Mechlin,
a story of the peasants uprising against the
French in 1798. In poetry he has developed
from romanticism to pronounced realism. *
Effen, Justus van (ef'en). A Dutch essay-
ist ; born in Ctrecht, Feb. 21, 1684; died in
Herzogenbusch, Sept. 18, 1735.
His master-
piece, long a classic, The Dutch Spectator
(1731-35), is an imitation of Addison and Steele.
Egan, Maurice Francis. An American man
of letters; born in Philadelphia, May 24, 1852.
He early achieved distinction by his writings,
and was long professor of English literature
at the University of Notre Dame; holding
a like post at present at the Catholic Univer-
sity of America, Washington. His works in-
clude: (That Girl of Mine); (That Lover
of Mine); A Garden of Roses); "Stories of
Duty); (The Life around Us); (Lectures on
English Literature); A Primer of English
Literature); A Gentleman); (The Flower of
the Flock. His poetry includes the volumes
(Preludes,' (Songs and Sonnets,' etc.
Egan, Pierce, the Elder. An English sport-
ing writer; born in London (? ), 1772; died
there, Aug. 3, 1849. A prolific “historian of
the ring ” and kindred institutions, he dashed
off the wildly popular "Life in London' (1821),
in which we have to do with Jerry Hawthorn,
Esq. , and his "elegant friend,” Corinthian Bob,
in addition to Bob Logic the Oxonian, the
three enjoying together many “Rambles and
Sprees through the Metropolis.
Egan, Pierce, the Younger. An English nov.
elist, son of Pierce the Elder; born in Lon-
don, 1814; died there, July 6, 1880. At first an
artist, he turned to fiction, winning fame with
(Robin Hood (1840), (Wat Tyler) (1841), and
similarly conceived romances; while his later
and more sensational tales, (Imogen, (Fair
Lilias,' and others, appeared for the most part
as serials only.
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1
EGELHAAF-EICHENDORFF
165
Egelhaaf, Gottlob (ā'gel-häf). A German
historian; born in Gerabronn, Würtemberg,
March 1, 1848. He has distinguished himself
with 'A History of Germany during the Refor-
mation (3d ed. 1893); “Emperor William' (3d
ed. 1888); A History of Germany during the
Sixteenth Century until the Peace of Augs-
burg) (1888-92); and other instructive and ac-
curate works.
Egerton, Francis. See Ellesmere.
Egge, Peter (eg-ga). A Norwegian story-
writer; born in 1869. He has embodied the
experiences of a not too happy youth in such
tales as “People) and (Skibsgud.
Eggeling, Julius (āg'el-ing). A German
Sanskrit scholar and critic; born in Hecklingen,
Anhalt, July 12, 1842. He has held Sanskrit
professorships in England and Scotland, and
conferred lasting obligations upon philology in
his (The Çatapatha-Brâhmana, Translated Ac-
cording to the Text of the Mâdhyandina School)
(1882-86), and similar productions.
Egger, Émile (eg'er or ā-zhā). An eminent
French scholar; born in Paris, July 18, 1813;
died at the Royal Baths, Aug. 30, 1885. His
masterpieces are: Essay on the History of
Criticism among the Greeks) (1849); (The Po-
etic Element in Aristotle) (1874); and (Greek
Literature) (1890).
Eggleston, Edward. An American historian
and novelist; born in Vevay, Ind. , Dec. 10,
1837. In fiction he has achieved celebrity with
stories of life in Southern Indiana in pioneer
days, while as a historian he makes a specialty
of American subjects. His works include: (The
Hoosier Schoolmaster); (The End of the
World); (The Circuit Rider); Roxy); (The
Graysons); (The Faith Doctor); (The Hoosier
Schoolboy); 'Queer Stories for Boys and Girls );
(Schoolmasters' Stories ); (Mr. Blake's Walk-
ing-Stick); (Duffels); (School History of the
United States); Household History of the
L'nited States); (First Book in American His-
tory); (The Beginners of a Nation, the first
volume of a History of Life in the United
States); etc. *
Eggleston, George Cary. An American
journalist and miscellaneous writer, brother of
Edward; born in Vevay, Ind. , Nov. 26, 1839.
He has long been connected in an editorial
capacity with one or another New York news-
paper, including the World, the Evening Post,
and the Commercial Advertiser. A few of his
many books are: A Man of Honor); (A
Rebel's Recollections); (The Wreck of the
Red Bird”; Red Eagle); (Juggernaut' (with
Dolores Marbourg); and for young people :
(How to Educate Yoursell); How to Make
a Living
Egill Skallagrimsson (ā'gēl skällä-grēm'-
son). A celebrated Icelandic skald of the 10th
century, who did heroic and daring deeds as
well as sung of them; he was a brave fighter
and a reckless sea-rover. The story of his
life, in (Egillsaga) or Eigla, tells how he
was a poet at three and killed his man at
seven; and how he roamed in quest of ad.
venture over northern Europe, in the wildest
vicissitudes of fortune, and finally died blind
at a good old age. It is reputed to belong to
the 13th century, but contains several indis.
putably genuine compositions of Egill; includ-
ing the song of 'The Life (or Head) Redeemed,
which placated King Ethelstan when resolved
to put the rover to death; the lament for (His
Son's Death); the song in Praise of Arin-
björn.
Egilsson, Sveinbjörn (ā'gel-son). An Ice-
landic scholar and critic; born in Gullbringa-
sysla, Feb. 24, 1791 ; died at Reikiavik, Aug.
17, 1852. He investigated ably the native an-
tiquities, edited a series of Icelandic historical
works, and completed a Poetic Lexicon of
the Ancient Tongue of the North) (1855-60),
published posthumously.
Eginhard or Einhard (āg'in-härt, in’härt).
A German historian; born in Maingau, about
770; died in Seligenstadt, March 14, 840. He
was educated by Alcuin, and afterwards became
Charlemagne's private secretary and superin-
tendent of public buildings. He married
Imma,-- a noble lady, legendarily confounded
with Emma, Charlemagne's daughter. His
chief work, a Life of Charlemagne,' is one of
the most important of mediæval histories. He
also wrote: (Annals of the Franks, 741-829;
(Epistles); and (An Account of the Transfer
of the Relics of St. Marcellinus and St. Peter. '
Eguilaz, Luis (ā-gel-äth'). A Spanish dram-
atist (1830-78); born at Xeres de la Frontera;
settled at Madrid. His plays Bitter Truths)
and “The Life of Soldier John gave him fame,
and he poured forth others in a great stream,
strong in character-drawing and very success-
ful. Among them are: (The Quarrels of
the Philosopher King'; Matrimony's Cross);
(Leaden Soldiers. )
Ehlert, Louis (āl'ert). A German composer
and writer on music; born in Königsberg, Jan.