No More Learning

'
Of this Letter she required Copy, and into tears; would never, said she, make affirmed, That proceeded not from her, but shipwreck my soul, conspiring the de
haply from her Alphabet Ciphers France: That she had done her best endeavour for the
struction my dearest sister.
was answered the Lawyers, that this
should soon disproved Testimony. Thus
far
recovery liberty, her
which nature itself loweth, and had solicited her friends deliver
the forenoon. the afternoon,
-
disprove this, was pro Letter which Charles liver her, she answered not word. Never Paget had written; and Curle, one her theless, she much desired divert the storm secretaries, had witnessed that she had re persecution from the Catholics, and for this ceived; touching Conference betwixt Men
she had made earnest suit the queen: for doza and Ballard, about the design for invading
her; yet some, whom she listed not
name, when they offered her their help de duced the Copy
for Treason, while they maintained the Pope's Bull and authority against the queen. —Yet
said she, have heard otherwise, and have read also Books set forth print. —The Au
to
as
let
of
to of
*•***• •*•**•••••**•• ***•**••• * **
to
a
of
I so toa as
of
to
as
in to
to I aI;
in be
to
to al
I or to
Inin It
a
be
it
is, I in
ofofI
of
by by
to
he
to If
in
of
as if of a
as so
in I
to
to I to do be
in
be of
a I tobeat
to
to I
aofofsoof
or as it as
be
in 2
aIs to he it;
no
to
so
by
by a
of
I,
it
no
do
no of
he
of by
his I of heIf a
in
in to
to an in
an I by
aof :he Iof of to
I I
atoby it I a to
of I
orof• on *or a
be
to
1 183] STATE TRIALS, 28 Eltz. 1586. —Proceedings against [1184
of England, and setting her at liberty. —This, Babington, the lord Lodouic and Fernihurst, answered she, was nothing to the purpose, and were objected unto her out Curle's Testi
proved not that she had consented to the de struction of the queen.
mony; she denied not, but she had written out many and amongst others, that for the lord Lodouic, when she had commended him and another the dignity Cardinal; and that
The Lawyers proceeded further, to prove
that she was both privy to the Conspiracy, and
conspired also the Destruction of the queen, without offence, (she trusted) for that was
by Babington's Confession, and Letters also
that had passed betwixt her and him; wherein
he called her, his most dread and sovereign
lady, and queen : And by the way, they men
tioned that a Plot was laid for conveying the
kingdom of England to the Spaniard. She
confessed, that a priest came unto her, and
said, That if she would not intermeddle, she
and her son both should be excluded from the
inheritance; but the priest's name she would nor Ballard.
Amongst these Speeches, when the Lord Treasurer had mentioned, that she knew Mor gan well, which had sent Parry privily mur
Then pressed they her with the Testimonies
of her Secretaries Naw and Curle, out of Bab yearly pension; she replied, that she knew not ington's Confession, and the Letters sent to whether Morgan had done so, but she knew that and fro betwixt her and Babington, and the Morgan had lost for her sake, and therefore whole credit of their Proofs rested upon their concerned her honour relieve him and Testimony; yet were not they produced before
her face to face. Curle she acknowledged an
honest man, but not a meet Witness to be
against her. As for Naw, he had been some
times a Secretary, said she, to the cardinal of (said she) Pensions have been assigned out Lorain, and commended unto her by the England Patrick Gray, and the Scots my French king, and might easily be drawn either adversaries, also my son.
by reward, or hope, or fear, to bear false wit The Lord Treasurer answered, When the ness, as one that had sundry times rashly bound revenues Scotland were the negligence himself by oath, and had Curle so pliable unto the regents much diminished, the queen be him, that at his beck he would write what he
bade him. . It might be that these two might
insert into her Letters, such things as she had
not dictated unto them. It might be also that
such Letters came to their hands, which not
withstanding she never saw ; and so she brake foreign aid. But when she had answered,
not tell. She added, that the Spaniard did lay claim to the kingdom of England, and would not give place to any but to her. -
der the queen, and that she had assigned him
lawful for her have intercourse of Letters,
and negotiate her matters with men her Religion, for the queen with the professors another religion.
Then pressed they her hard with the con senting Testimonies Naw and Curle reite rated and she reiterated her Answers, else
refelled their Testimonies flat denial; pro testing again, that she neither knew Babington
forth into such words as these ; The majesty and safety of princes falleth the ground, they depend upon the Writings and Testi
mony Secretaries. delivered nothing them but what nature delivered me, that might length recover my liberty. And am
not convicted but mine own Word Writing. they have written any thing which may hurtful the queen my sister,
they have written altogether without my knowledge; and them bear the punishment
their inconsiderate boldness. Sure am, they were here present, they would clear me
That these things made not the destruction the queen; and foreigners laboured set her liberty, was not laid her charge; and that she had sundry times openly signified the queen, that she would seek her own liberty: the matter was prorogued till the
next day following.
The next day she returned her former Pro testation, and required have recorded, and
Copy thereof delivered her, lamenting, that the most reasonable conditions, which she had many times propounded the queen, were al ways rejected, even when she promised de liver her son and the duke of Guise's son for hostages, that the queen kingdom Eng land should receive detriment her,
blame this Cause. And
were hand, could answer these things.
my Notes particularly
she was not bound revenge Injury done the queen friend, that had deserved well her hands? yet had she terrified the man from such wicked attempts: but contrary wise
stowed somewhat bounty upon your son the king, her near kinsman.
Afterwards were produced the chief points certain Letters sent England, and the lord Paget, and Bernardine Mendoza, about
-
Amongst these Speeches, the Lord Trea she saw herself already quite barred from all
surer objected unto her, that she had purposed hope her liberty. But now she was most un send her son into Spain, and convey her worthily dealt withal, whose honour and repu Title she claimeth the kingdom England, tation was called question before foreign the Spaniard. —To whom she answered, lawyers, which wretched conclusions drew That she had kingdom which she could con every circumstance into consequence; where vey, yet, was lawful for her give those princes anointed and consecrate are not sub things which were hers, her pleasure, and not ject the same laws that private men are.
accountable for the same any. Moreover, whereas authority was granted When her Alphabets Ciphers, sent over the Commissioners, examine matters tending
to
in no
if
in to by
to
of a
to be
to to
all of
or
if to
to
so as
of
of
a
of as
it no
If
in of at
let it
to I by
to
Ito
as toof
a
of of
at it
by
it
in all to
at
at
in
be
all
tototoI, toto
of
if
to ofif
a to to
of a
or by
to to
by
of to
toto
;
to
or
it of
of be
I
I
to
of to by as a
as
to
to
to to de it be
to
an
of
at
: to :
to
11 S5] STATE TRIALS, 28 Eliz. 1586–Mary 2ueen of Scots. [1186
to the hurt of the queen's person : yet was the other purpose, but discover your offence Cause so handled, and Letters wrested, that against the queen's person, and the matters
the religion which she professed, the immunity belonging, which are interlaced with other and majesty of foreign princes, and the private matters, that they cannot severed. The intercouste betwixt princes were called in ques whole Letters therefore, and not parcels picked tion, and she herself made to descend beneath out here and there, have been openly read, for
her royal dignity, and to appear as a party that the circumstances give assurance, what
guilty before a tribunal seat ; and
other purpose but that she might quite ex cluded out the queen's favour, and her own right the succession; whereas she appeared voluntarily clear herself the matters ob
jected against her, lest she might seem have
neglected the defence her own honour and have confessed any thing out fear tor innocency. She called also remembrance, ments, hope reward and impunity, was
how queen Elizabeth herself had been drawn not
question about Wyat's Conspiracy,” whereas
notwithstanding she was most innocent reli giously affirming, that though she wished the safety the Catholics might provided for yet would she not that should effected with the death and blood any one. For her part, she had rather play Hester than Judith make intercession God for the people, than deprive the meanest the people iife. She expostulated, that her enemies had divulged abroad that she was irreligious; but the time was (said she) when would have been instructed
be another meeting about this matter, and that many things you have propounded time after advocate might granted unto her plead time concerning your liberty; that they have
matters you dealt with Babington about.
She interrupting him, said, The circumstances
may proved, but never the fact: Her inte grity depended not upon the credit and me mory her Secretaries, though she knew them
honest and sincere men. Yet they
admitted, for just causes, which she
alledge elsewhere. Men's minds, said
would
she, are diversly carried about with affections,
and they would never have confessed such matters against her, but for their own advan
tage and hope. Letters may directed others, than those whom they are written, and many things have been often inserted, which she never dictated. her papers had not been taken away, and she had her Secre tary, she could better confute the things ob
jected against her.
But nothing, said the Lord Treasurer, shall objected, but since the 19th day June; neither will your Papers avail you, seeing your Secretaries and Babington himself, being never put the rack, have affirmed that you sent
the Protestant Religion, but they would not
suffer me so, they cared not what
became my soul. And now concluding,
When have done can (said she)
against me, and have excluded me from my
right, may chance fail your cause and
hope. And withal making her appeal God,
and the princes her kinsmen, and renewing
her Protestation, she prayed that there might this which followeth, tell you counsellor;
her Cause; and that seeing she was princess, she might believed the word princess: For were extreme folly stand their
judgement, whom she saw most plainly armed with prejudice against her.
To these things the Lord Treasurer said,
Whereas bear double person, one Commissioner, another Counsellor, receive
first few words from me as Commissioner.
failed success, long you, the Scots, and not the queen. For the Lords
Scotland flatly refused deliver the king hostage. And when the last Treaty was holden concerning your liberty, Parry was sent privily
Morgan, dependant yours, murder the queen.
Ah (said she) you are my adversary. Yea (said he) am adversary queen Elizabeth's adversaries. But hereof enough, let now
Your Protestation recorded, and Copy
thereof shall delivered unto you. To our proceed Proofs. Which when she refused
authority granted under the queen's hand, and the great seal England, from which
there appeal; neither we come with prejudice, but judge according the exact
hear; Yet we (said he) will hear thein: and also (said she) will hear them another place,
and defend myself.
Now were read again her Letters Charles
rule justice. The queen's learned Counsel Paget, wherein she shewed him that there was
do level nothing else but that the truth may come light, how far you have offended against the queen's person. To full power
given hear and examine the matter, even your absence; yet were we desirous you should
other way for the Spaniard reduce the Netherlands obedience, but setting
prince England that might use unto him; and the lord Paget, hasten his aux liary forces invade England; and cardinal
be present, lest we might seem have dero Allen's Letter, wherein called her his most gated from your honour: We purposed not dread sovereign lady, and signified that the object any thing unto you, but what you were matter was commended the prince Par
privy to, have attempted against the queen's person. The Letters have been read
See No. 51.
ma's care.
As these Letters were reading, she inter posed these Speeches: That Babington and her Secretaries had accused her excuse ther
WOL,
those Letters Babington; which though you deny, yet whether more credit given
affirmation than negation, let the Com missioners judge. But return the matter:
4 G
;
anbe toit
*
to
be
be
to no
a to us of to
to to : to all to
to us
do a to to
be
to in is
a be noItobyof
; no
to to of is a it to
to
to of
I. oratnoisI yeyeof of be to
in
toto a
to
to I
ofis
a be Ito in as of
to
to to in of is
do so be
in to he
to of
to
If
of
to or be of of
it ofif to
be byto
of to
as beof a to to
us
a in
up
of a
all if ofye
of it
of toof
of it
to
is
to
a to
an in in
of of
aa bebe
of
to
to be beor of
be
I to
to
to
of
i 127]
STATE TRIALS, 28 Eliz. 1386–Proceeding: against [11 SS
selves; that she never heard of the six Execu re-establish the same on this side,
tioners, and that the rest made nothing to the imports the rest Christendom. Let this purpose. As for Allen, she held him for a kept secret, forasmuch come be reverend prelate; and she acknowledged no “revealed, should France the loss other Head of the Church, but the bishop of “my dower, Scotland clear breach with my 1&ome. In what rank and place she was es ‘son, and this country my total rain and de teemed by him and foreign princes, she knew ‘struction. —Thank my behalf the said king not; neither could she hinder their let “your master, for the favour and liberality ex ters they called her queen England. As for “tended the lord Paget and his brother, her Secretaries, seeing they had done con ‘which pray him most earnestly continue, trary their duty and allegiance sworn unto and gratify for my sake with some pension her, they deserved credit. They which have “poor Morgan, who hath much endured not once forsworn themselves, though they swear only for me, but for the common cause. —I
again with never great oaths and protesta recommend likewise unto you Fulsanbe tions, are not be credited. Neither did ‘(whom you know) help him some supply.
above the Entertainment that have allotted him, according the small means have. ”
any oath whatsoever court conscience, foras much they had sworn their fidelity and se
these men think themselves bounden
crecy her before, and were subjects
England. That Naw had many times written
otherwise than she had dictated unto him, and lay now Rome for that cause. She com Curle wrote whatsoever Naw bade him. But plaining that her Secretaries had broken their for her part she was willing bear the burden allegiance bound oath, answered, When
Out these she was pressed she had purposed convey her Right the kingdom
their fault things, but what might lay being prisoner languished cares without blot upon her honour. And haply also they hope liberty, and was without hope
sing, who they thought should more favour sickness;
ably dealt withal being queen. As for Bal Succession
lard, she never heard any such, but one established
Hallard, which had offered her his help; which Catholic. And Book was sent unto me notwithstanding, she had refused, for that she
had heard that the same man had also vowed
his service Walsingham.
Afterwards were read certain brief Notes of
her Letters Mendoza, which Curle had con sessed had written privy Cipher.
avow the Spaniard's Title; which when was not allowed me, incurred displeasure among some But now my hope England being desperate, am fully resolved not reject foreign aid.
The Solicitor put the Commissioners mind find inysclf greatly troubled what course what would become of them, their honours,
take a-new, for the affairs on this side the estates and posterities, the kingdom were ‘sea; Charles Paget hath charge fron me conveyed. But the Lord Treasurer shewed
impart unto you certain overtures my that the kingdom England could not con behalf; whereupon pray you deliver him veyed, but was descend Right Suc
freely, what you think inay obtained cession according the laws; and asked her, thereof, from the king your master. There she would any more.
another point depending thereof, which have reserved write your ownself,
for you sent unto the king your master my behalf, man cloe,
She required that she might heard
full parliament, that she might person
speak with the queen, who would (she hoped) have regard queen, and with the council. And now rising with great confidence countenance, she had some conference with the
possible, being privy thereunto that
that considering my son's great obstimacy
Heresy, and forest eing hereupon the immi lord treasurer Hatton, Walsingham, and the nent danger and harm like ensue the
Catholic Church, coming the Succession
this realin, have resolved with myself, case uty said son not reduce himself before my death the Catholic Religion, (as must tell you plainly, have small hope long
shall remain Scotland) give and grant
Proceedings
the Star Chamber.
my right
Succession Testament;
the said king your master, the Barker, principal Register the queen's ma
this crown, my last Will and jesty; Thomas Wheeler, public Notary, Register
praying him consideration the Audience Canterbury and other
hereof from this time forward take me credible persons which were present.
wholly into his protection, likewise the state The said 25th day October,
the Com Shrewsbury
them sick at
the Spaniard, and that Allen and Parsons
confessed these things save themselves; sup effect those things which very many expected posing that they could not hurt her confes my hands, declining now through age and
seemed good the Crown
some, that the England should
the Spaniard,
some English
earl Warwick, themselves apart.
-
prorogued the 25th October, the Star
Chamber Westminster. Thus far touching this matter out of the Commentaries of Edward
These things being done, the assembly was
the which for dis missioners met, saving the earls cannot think and Warwick, which were both
and affairs this country charge my conscience,
can put into the hands
lous our Reiigion, and able respects oath, viva voce, voluntarily without hope of
prince more zea that time; and after Naw and Curle had by
of
to onbe
he
to as
to
in all
in to to to
to be no
it, if
of
to
to
aof ofofto by to in
of
of
if allI
ofofall ;
of so in by or in inIto
if it
of
he of be
is
to “I
inI I do
as
all
in to
so no
atto
: ofit at to to in it all of in in
he
to I in
of
of of toI
up or
of in to
to
by
by to on of a be
I &*
of aa aI:byno to
I
as
in
to of if atto
‘‘*‘‘ ‘** be to
of
to be in
I in
to
if in is,it
so
;
by
in of by
a IbyaI
to of
to to as
as at in in all ifI
of
be
to
to
a so tobeto
of be in
in
it
to ofit
of to
of
as
i 189] STATE TRIALS, 28 Eliz. 1586–Mary 2ween of Scots. [l 190
reward, before them avowedly affirmed and ward Jones, Chidiock Titchbourne, Charles confirmed and every the Letters, and Copies Tilney, and the rest the Conspirators, was Letters, before produced, most true; confirmed, and their goods and possessions
Sentence was pronounced against the queen confiscate. The estates also the realm, Scots, and confirmed with the seals and sub which had their voices approved and con scriptions the Commissioners, and recorded firmed the Sentence given against the queen
these words: “By their joint assent and con Scots, did with joint assent Supplica sent, they pronounce and deliver their Sen tion the queen the hands the lord tence and Judgment, the day and place last chancellor, follows:
recited and say, That after the end the ‘May please your most excellent majesty, aforesaid session parliament, the Com “our most gracious sovereign, we your humble,
mission aforesaid specified, namely after the “loving and faithful subjects, the Lords and aforesaid 1st day June, the 27th year Commons this present Parliament assem abovesaid, and before the date the same bled, having long time our intolerable Commission, divers matters have been coin “grief seen how manifold most dangerous
assed and imagined within this realm Eng and execrable practices, Mary the daughter
nd, Anthony Babington and others, scientia, English, with the privity,
death and destruction the royal person person, whose safety (next under God) our our said lady the queen. And namely, That chief and only felicity doth consist; and
after the aforesaid 1st day June, the 27th thereby not only bereave the sincere year abovesaid, and before the date the and true Religion Almighty God, bringing
cum and heir James late king Scots, the dowager France, and commonly called
Queen Scots, hath compassed the Destruc this realm England, tending the hurt, ‘tion your majesty's sacred and most royal
said Mary, pretending title the crown
Commission aforesaid, the aforesaid Mary pre . and this noble crown back again into the
tending
tyranny,
title the crown this realm thraldom England, hath compassed and imagined within “utterly
the Romish
but also
this realm England, divers matters tending the hurt, death and destruction the royal person our sovereign lady the queen, contrary
to the form of the statute the Commission aforesaid specified. ” -
Concerning this Sentence, which depended wholly upon the credit the Secretaries, and they not brought forth face face, according
the first Act the 13th year queen Elizabeth, much talk there was, and divers Speeches ran abroad while some thought them credible persons, and some unworthy
be credited. have seen Naw's Apology king James, written the year 1605; wherein laboriously protesting, excuseth himself, that was neither author, nor persuader, nor the first revealer of the Plot that was under taken, nor failed his duty through negligence,
ruinate and overthrow the happy State and Commonweal of this most noble
time the God, and your
either most graciously passed over, with singular favour tolerated, although often and instantly moved your most loving and faithful subjects the contrary, times your Parliaments, and many other times; and hath also protected and defended the said Scotish queen from those great dangers which her own people, for certain detestable crimes and offences her imputed, had de termined against her: which notwithstand
foresight; yea,
want . . . ; that this
stoutly impugued the points
‘ing, the same queen was nothing moved with these and many other your majesty's most
but rather ob hope continual prosecute her cruel
the same day was there Declaration made
the Commissioners and Judges the land, very dangerous Plot being conceived and
tion against his lady and mistress: which not withstanding appeareth not Records. But
impunity imboldened
and mischievous determination some speedy and violent course; and now lately
hat the said Sentence did derogate nothing from James king Scots, title honour,
but that was the same place, degree and right, the same sentence had never been pronounced.
Proceedings
Parliament.
Some few days after, Parliament was holden Westminster, begun virtue certain power vice-gerency, granted the
queen the abp.
Treasurer, and the earl without precedent.
Canterbury, the Lord Derby, and that not
which Parliament the Proscription the lord Paget, Charles Paget, t sir Francis Englefield, Francis Throckmorton,
day Accusa
gracious durate
favours towards malice, and
her;
set down Anthony Babington and others,
That desperate and wicked persons should undertake that wicked and most horrible en terprize, take away your majesty's life, (whom God his infinite mercy long pre serve) she did not only give her advice and direction upon every point, and circum stances concerning the same, make earnest request have performed with dili gence, but did also promise assurance large reward and recompence the doers thereof: which being informed your majesty, pleased your highness, upon the earnest suit
such tendered the safety your royal person, and the good and quiet state this Anthony Babington, Thomas Salisbury, Ed realm, direct your Commission under the
realm which being from time mercy and providence
pre vented, your majesty your exceeding great clemency and princely magnanimity hath
h
ighness's singular wisdom,
foreseen and
of
to
at
of
inof
of
of of
Inof in of
at
by ofto to
by
of
of
a in by
a he of
a
• “ ‘ “ ‘ • ‘ • ‘ • ‘ • * • * ‘ ‘ * ‘ * ‘ * “
* * ‘ “ ‘ • ‘ “ ‘ ‘ * ‘ ‘ <* *
; of to
of
to as to
us
of
by
it
to by
ofto
by
of
of ofofbyinasby of
as
if he
he
of
by ;
six toby
in
to
in of it
#
or to to
in of in do of
orof of
of in of
to ofin be
of
I of of to
all
he toto
of ofof
“ ‘ ‘ “ ‘ “ * ‘ ‘ ‘
of
allto
of
in ;
of
of
of
of ‘ *
of
to-in of in
5, totobyat |.
to
of
of us to
of toofup
of
of in itaof. of
ofall
by
or
all
of
of a
I 191] STATE TRHALS, 28 Eliz. 1586. -Proceedings against [1102
-4. great seal of England, to the lords and others - of your highness's privy council, and certain
< other lords of parliament of the greatest and . most antient degree, with some of your prin 4. cipal judges, to examine, hear and determine
- the same cause, and thereupon to give Sen - tence or Judgment according to a statute in - that behalf, made in the 27th year of your - most gracious reign : by virtue whereof, the - more part of the same Commissioners, being
thereupon weighing with heavy and sorrow hearts, what continual peril such like desperate conspiracies and practices your majesty's most royal and sacred person
and life (more dear unto than our own)
still, without any possible means
long the said Scotish suffered continue, and shall not receive that due punishment, which by ‘justice, and the laws this your realm, she
queen shall
- in number 86, having at sundry times fully ‘hath often and many ways for her
- heard what was alledged and proved against
- the said Scotish queen in her own presence,
- touching the said Crimes and Offences, and
- what she could say for her Defence and Ex deserved punishment Death for these her
- cuse therein, did after long deliberation give - their Sentence and judgment with one con
- sent, that the Death and Destruction of your o royal person was imagined and compassed by
most execrable Treasons and Offences, your highness's royal person shall exposed un
- the said Anthony Babington, with the privity
4. of the same Scotish queen : and that she
- herself did also compass and imagine the
- death and destruction of your most royal
4. erson. Now for as much as we your ma and occasion the same, now justice - jesty's most humble, loyal and dutiful sub may orought done We nosthumbly - jects, representing unto your most excellent
- majesty the universal state of your whole
- people of degrees this your realm,
t well perceive, and are fully satisfied, that the
- same Sentence and Judgment things
- most honourable, just and lawful; and having
- carefully and effectually, according our
4. most bounden duties, weighed and considered
4. upon what ground and cause many traitor
4. ous complots, and dangerous practices against
4. your most royal person and estate, and for
- the invading this realm, have for the
- space many years past grown and pro said Scotish queen, according the effect - ceeded, certainly find, and are undoubt
and true meaning the said statute Be cause upon advised and great consultation, we cannot find that there any possible means provide your majesty's safety, but the just and speedy execution the said queen, the neglecting whereof may pro cure the heavy displeasure and punishment Almighty God, sundry severe examples
great justice that behalf left us, the sacred scriptures doth appear. And the same not put present execution, we your most loving and dutiful subjects shall thereby (so far man's reason can reach)
professing the true Religion Jesus
- Christ, and the antient nobility this land,
4. and bring this whole state and common
4. weal foreign subjection, and utter ruin and
- confusion which their malicious and trai
- torous purpose they will never cease pro
- secute possible means they can,
. long they may have their eyes and imagina nance and voice, answered this purpose
4. tions fixed upon lady, the only ground many and great are the hottomless - their treasonable hope and conceits, and aces, and immeasurable benefits bestowed 4. the only seed-plot dangeroos and trai upon me the Almighty, that must not 4. torous devices and practices against your sa only most humbly acknowledge then be
- edly persuaded that all the same have been
- from time time attempted and practised,
- and from the Scotish queen, and her - confederates, ministers and favourers, who
- conceive assured hope atchieve speedily - your majesty's untinely death that which - they have long expected, and whereof during - your life (which God long preserve
- estimable comfort) they despair;
- place her the said Scotish queen
- perial and kingly seat this realm, and
- her banish and destroy the professors and
- cred person. And seeing also what insolent - boldness grown the heart the same - queen, through your majesty's former exeecd
nefits, but admire them miracles, being sort able express them. And though there liveth not any that inay more justly ac
knowledge himself bound God than
ing favours and clemencies towards her; and
our in wit,
the im
and shall prevent
most wicked and detestable offences deserv ed: Therefore, and for that we find, that the said lady should now escape the due and
many more, and those more secret and dangerous Conspiracies than before, and such shall not cannot be foreseen,
discovered, these her late attempts have been and shall not hereafter be well able remove take away the ground
beseech your most excellent majesty, that well respect the continuance the true religion now professed amongst and the safety your most royal person and estate,
regard the preservation and defence
your most loving, dutiful and faithful subjects, and the whole commonweal this realm;
may please your highness take speedy or der, That declaration the same sentence and judgment made and published proclamation, and that thereupon direction
given for further proceedings against the
brought into utter despair the continu
ance amongst
mighty God, and
the safety
Al your majesty's life, and your faithful subjects, and
the true religion
the good estate this most flourish. ng com
monweal. ”
The Queen, with great majesty counte
is
by : all
an
do
of
all
in of all
th it
of
of into of
of
by by
as
to to
to of
of to
of
in
to
to by to
all
by to
do
‘ * ‘ ‘ . ‘ “ ‘ ‘ & & & . & & . & &‘ ‘ “ * ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ • ‘ ‘ ‘ * ‘ ‘ ‘ “ ‘ ‘ “
to
so
is in
so
nogSo beof be in soorto toful
‘ “ * ‘ ‘ ‘
‘ “ ‘ ‘ ‘
as to
to as of do
us
to
to of of be
as
I, in
:
ifin of by it usas as
if
is
I as
of
of
by
of
ofall us as
be
of
to ;
be it,be so
in
so
ofof
as
be
to
is
be
of
to
us,
of by
his by to
of in
as
so
in by for
of or or
in : so
of
of of: of of
of
of
to as
1193] STATE TRIALS, 28 Eliz. 1586. -Mary 2ueen of Scots. [1194
whose life he hath miraculously preserved & from so many dangers, yet am I not more deeply bound to give him thanks for any one thing, than for this which I will now tell you, and which I account as a miracle : Namely, that as I came to the crown with the most hearty good-will of my subjects, now after years reign, perceive them the same, not greater good-will towards me; which once lose, well might breathe, but
rather than expounding the laws themselves,
the noblest personages
never think lived. And now though my judges the realm and little enough.
life hath been dangerously shot yet pro For we princes are set
were upon stages,
the world. The our garments,
test there nothing hath more grieved me, than that one not differing from me sex, like rank and degree, the same stock,
and most nearly allied unto me blood, hath fallen into great crime. And
far have been from bearing her any ill-will,
that upon the discovery certain treasona ble practices against me, wrote unto her
secretly, that she would confess them private letter unto myself, they should
wrapped silence. Neither did write thus nind entrap her, for knew then as much she could confess. And even
yet, though the matter come thus far, she would truly repent, and man would undertake her cause against me, and my life alone depended hereupon, and not the safety and welfare my whole people, would protest unfeignedly) most willingly pardon her. Nay England might my death attain more flourishing estate, and better prince, would most gladly lay down my life For, for your sakes and for my
the sight and view
least spot soon spied
people's, that desire live. see such great cause why
be fond live, good experience
subject, and what sovereign. Good neighbours have had,
and have met with bad and trust have found treason. have bestowed bene
fits upon deservers; and where have done well, have been requited. While call mind these things past, behold things present, and expect things come, hold them happiest that hence soonest. Ne vertheless against such mischiefs these, put better courage than common
my sex, whatsoever befall me, death shall not take me unprepared. —And
touching these Treasons, will not preju dicate myself, the laws my kingdom,
proceedings just and honourable. But must tell you one thing, that this last act parliament you have brought me nar
row streight, that must give order for her death, which princess most nearly allied unto me blood, and whose practices against me have stricken me into great grief, that
have been glad absent myself from this parliament, lest should increase my sorrow
hearing spoken and not out fear any danger, some think. But yet will now tell you secret (though well known
that have the property keep counsel) not long since these eyes mine saw
and read an oath, wherein some bound them
selves kill me within month hereby see your danger me, which will very
careful avoid. —Your Association for my safety have not forgotten, which never much thought of, till great number hands, with many obligations, were shewed me; which acknowledge strong argument your true hearts, and great zeal
my safety, shall my bond stronger
tied greater care for your good. But
forasmuch this matter now hand very
rare, and greatest consequence, hope
you not look for any present resolution;
for my manner matters less moment
than this, deliberate long upon that which once be resolved. In the mean time
beseech Almighty God illuminate my mind, that may foresee that which may
serve for the good his church, the prospe rity the commonwealth, and your safety.
And that delay may not breed danger, we will signify our resolution with conveni ency. And whatever the best subjects may expect the hands the best princes, that expect from me performed the full. ”
what
fear die.
this world, and
think that she having been the the same treasons, was bound the antient laws, though the late
As for me, should either have had
know
not but
contriver
and liable
act had never been made; which notwith
standing was ways made prejudice her. roughly weighed the matter her mind, being
far was from being made entrap her, distracted with doubtful care and thought, and that was rather intended forewarn and as were some conflict with herself what to
terrify her from attempting anything against important business, she sent the But seeing was now force law, Lord Chancellor the higher house, and Puck
thought good proceed against her ac ering the rest the lower house; praying cording the same. But you lawyers are them enter into new consideration upon curious scanning the nice points the weighty matter, and devise some better
law, and following precedents and form, remedy, whereby both the queen Scots Life
that exact observing
must have been indicted
have holden up her hand
have been tried jury
proper course forsooth trial against prin cess To avoid therefore such absurdities,
thought better weighty cause
refer the examination good number
blemish quickly noted
our doings. behoveth us therefore be careful that our
your form, she Staffordshire, and the bar, and
twelve men.
the land, and the
The twelfth day after when she had tho
*
of
it in it
by
of
if goillI to of
of
all
so Iit.
So
of
of so
of soIItoI a
by if
inIso
in toto so
of
do to I
a as to to
isI
so .
it
on to Iit no in
in to to to
of
to ; I it
I I is, no I
a in at
to
to
of
a
ain
of in
doin toI by
to
is,soI asIa
a
; to a
to in be
of,
to
ofas to
it ofa of in
to
be
ofso I :
of a
a
I It \ of A
if if 28 a is:(I I
to toso to upI inittoof illto as isI
toit no or
a or of
as
be I Ia
toin if
so
I to beIofaof
I all
is
I
at, in
asin Iin
be as as toI I I a
by I a I if bea
so
& < & c. k & & & & « &I< & & 4. 4. & & &
t o o c & & & & & & & « & & & g & 4. o & &‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ • ‘ * ‘ ‘ • •I * ‘ ‘ •
doit is to Itofby ofainof
to of of
Iasas aisbeisa
I
ininall of of ofin Iit byallat
to a
be as I : of is
so
I is
a Ito
to
1o19:5) STATE TRIALS, 2s Eliz. 1586–Proceedings against [1196 *
be spared, and her own security provided tinually done) seek means whatsoever.
or.
After much and long deliberation, they judg before her own life: For her late direction
ing that both the welfare and hurt of the prince some her complices, she willed, “What belongeth to all, concurred again with one soever became her, the Tragical Execution
voice in the same opinion, and that for these should performed
Causes: For that the queen's safety could not inuch the more danger
be secured as long as the queen' of Seots lived, the sentence than before,
unless she either seriously repented and ac hoveth then, that would preserve her ad knowledged her offence, or were kept with a vance her, hasten your death now never more streight guard, good assurance being before execution done upon her; knowing given by bond and oath for her good demean that you, and none else, can give direction for our, or delivered hostages, or else departed the her death, and that your death the sentence realin. As for her Repentance, they were out would lose the force execution, and otherwise of hope considering that she had they should come too late they take not the requited the queen which had saved her life, resent opportunity help her. —Her friends
. . .
surer guard, streighter custody, bonds, oath, therefore their opinion your death first
and hostages, they held them nothing, for and principally sought, the most com that the queen's life being once taken away, pendious way ruin the realin invasion. —
these would presently vanish. And she Some the eldest and wisest papists set should depart the realm, they feared lest she down for special good drift occupy you would presently take arms invade the same. with conceit, that the preservation her life
the safety your own; and therefore you may assured, that they verily think that her
and did not yet acknowledge her fault. As for
unprofitable
while
you live,
and
These Reasons the Lord Chancellor, and Puckering, Speaker the lower house, opened more large, the manner following.
greedy your death, preferreth —She and
you. ' There by your person since
how much be
your death and destruction. —2. concerns Religion most spare her, who hath continually while safe. The Religion cannot long breathed the overthrow and suppression the continue among us. The most flourishing same; being poisoned with popery from her present state this realm must shortly receive tender youth, and her age joining that woful fall. And consequently, sparing false-termed Holy-League, and ever since and her, your majesty shall not only give courage now professed enemy the truth. She rested God, your wholly upon popish hopes delivered and majesty's self and your kingdom; but shall advanced, and devoted and doted that
Unless execution this just Sentelice
life will
possession, that she will (as well satisfaction others, feeding her own humour) supplant
For much done Your majesty's Person cannot any perilous
and hardiness the enemies
discomfort and daunt with despair the hearts your loving people; and deservedly provoke the heavy hand and wrath God.
the gospel where and whensoever she may. “And that summarily for the Reasons ensu Which evil much the greater, and the
ing: For much concerns the Danger your majesty: Both she and her favourers
more avoided, that slayeth the
soul, and will spread itself not only over Eng
land and Scotland, but also into parts enjoy your crown possession; and therefore beyond the seas, where the gospel God
think she hath right, not succeed, but
as she most impatient competitor, (ac quainted with blood) will she not spare any
means that may take you from us, being the only lett, that she enjoyeth not her desire. —
maintained The which cannot but be ex ceedingly weakened, defection should
}.
her favour, mercy, and kindness; well sunt we say, Unam Reginam Elizabethan
She
against your royal this Realm The Lydians say, Unum Regen notwithstanding that you have done agnosrunt Lydii, duos autem tolerare now pos
hardened malice
preserving her kingdom, saving her agnoscunt Angli, duas autem tolerare non pos life and honour. —And therefore there no sunt. And therefore, since she saith, that she
place for mercy, where there hope queen here, and we neither can nor will ac amendment, that she will desist from most knowledge any other but you our queen: wicked attempts.
-The rather, for that her will follow, she prevail, she will rather malice appeareth such that she maketh, make slaves, than take for her children
were, her testament the same, ex and therefore the realm sigheth and groaneth ecuted after her death, and appointeth her under fear such step-mother. She hath executors perform the same. —She affirmeth already provided foster-father and nurse,
therefore, the pope and the king Spain, into whose invasion victory may ensue, and victory the hands should mishappen fall, what can death the vanquished; doth she not we else look for, but ruin, destruction, and utter obscurely profess lawful destroy you. - extirpation goods, lands, lives, honour, and She holds not only lawful, but honourable all 2–Whilst she shall live, the enemies of the also and meritorious, take your life, &c. state will hope and gape after your death. By being deprived your crown her holy your death they trust make invasion profit father, and therefore she will (as she hath con able for them which cannot be, but the same
lawful move invasion
these two most valiant kingdoms. -3. For asmuch concerns the happy Estate
of
to
in
in
2.
by
to no in
asbe isas of if
; of to
it as toain of of : beas be to
it
to to
a
it
of
soas 3. of
ititin of. a“a
all
allis I. : at of is be1.
of
asof to of be itis in of is
ill
or
as
to 4. of
in
of it,
of
ofas ofso to
toso ;
ofisas ofas
to all
: aasbe
ifussoto ofbeis
us to
to
be for:
as by
of
us
on all byto in
usa a
is as of to
if soso to ofof
a
of Itof as all in in of is is
ororit is
;
of be is
it
if as of to
to by if
by
it be
to
at
beof it
so toit
1107]
STATE TRIALS, 28 Eliz. 1586. —Mary Queen of Scots.
[1193
put death his eternal and —As she hath already, by her poisoned baits, divine justice. —How much those magistrates brought to destruction more noblemen and their were commended, that put death those
houses, and a great multitude of subjects, during mischievous and wicked queens, Jezebel and her being here, than she would have done, if Athaliah —How wisely proceeded Solomon
she had been in possession of her own country, punishment, putting death his own na and armed in the field against us; so will she tural and elder brother Adonias, for the only still be continually cause of the like spoil, to intention marriage, which gave suspicion the greater loss and peril of this estate: And of treason Whereas there no more desired
therefore this realm neither can nor may endure your majesty, than the very pope, (now your her. —Her Secretaries do write and print, that sworn enemy) some these late conspirators, we be at our wit’s end, world's end, if she over and this wicked lady herself, have thought live your majesty; meaning thereby, that the fitting fall upon her. He like case gave end of our world is the beginning of theirs: and Sentence, Vita Conradini, mors Carolo mors therefore, tale her away, and their world will Conradini, vita Carolo. They their best be at an end before it begin. -Since the sparing minds and remorse conscience setting down of her in the 14th year of your reign, popish the best means your safety, said, “He that Traitors and Recusants have multiplied ex hath no arms cannot fight, and that hath no ceedingly; and ifyou spare her now again, they legs cannot run away, but that hath no will grow both innumerable and invincible also. head can harm. Pisces primum ca -4. And therefore now in the fourth place:— pite frtent. ” She her voluntary subscribing
should be most lamentable for us: and there into their hands purpose
fore it is meet to cut off the head of that hope. them, the ministers
Mercy in this case would in the end provecruel
ty against all. Nam est quardam crudelis Mi
sericordia. And therefore to spare her is to spill
us. She is only a cousin to you in a remote she were discovered, would give sufficient degree, but we be the sons and children of this cause you keep her continual close land; whereof you be not only the natural Prison. ” By which words she could mean mother, but also the wedded spouse. And nothing else but pains death. -Therefore. therefore much more is due from you to us all, we seeing the one side how you have, the than alone to her. It would exceedingly grieve offence mighty princes, advanced religion, and wound the hearts of your loving subjects,
with what tender care, and more than motherly piety you have always cherished the children this land, with what honour and renown you to the worser part, and many will seek to make have restored the antient rights the crown,
if they should see so horrible vice not condignly punished : if any be wavering, it will win them
their own peace. Wherefore as well for the comfort of the one, as stay of the other, and re taining of all, it is most needful that justice be done upon her. —Thousands of your loving sub
with what peace and justice you have governed,
and with what store and plenty you have reigned over —On the other side, seeing
that this enemy our felicity seeks under jects of degrees, which have for special zeal mine our religion, supplant us, and plant
the late Association, &c. gave this sentence against herself—And after her letters these treasons Babington, wrote, “That
your safety made oath, before God, pur
sue death forcible and possible means,
such she just sentence, found
cannot save their oaths, you keep her alive;
for then either we must take her life from her
without direction, which will our extreme
danger the offence your law else we
Inust suffer her live against our express oath,
which will the uttermost peril our own
souls; wherewith act parliament, nor
power man whatsoever, can any wise fear: But Justice hath given rightful sen dispense. And therefore, seeing resteth
you, most worthy and just execution this sentence, keep upright and free
both, most humbly and earnestly beseech
you, that speedy justice done upon her,
whereby yourself may safe, the state your
realm preserved, and we not only delivered
from this trouble conscience, but also re “The ungodly trapped the works her conforted venture ourselves, and ours, own hand. ’ And pray God incline your into whatsoever other perii, for the preserva heart our just desires, &c. ”—They con
tion and safety you. --Lastly, God's ven cluded, that
geance against Saul for sparing Agag, against tion law
Ahab for sparing the life Benhadad, appa should demand
rent; for they were both the just judgment people England, with one voice and mind.
God deprived their kingdom, for sparing imaking humble and instant suit the same. those wicked princes, whom God had delivered The Queen then spake this manner;
strangers
the place, transfer the rights that Italian priest, and the crown
the crown herself,
some other, from you; and therefore lieth continual wait for to take
away your life –Therefore we pray for’ the cause God, his church, this real|m. . ,"our
selves and yourself; that you will longer be careless your life sovereign safety; nor longer suffer religion threatened, the realm stand danger, nor dwell
tence, you will grant execution That her life threateneth your death, her death may, God's favour, prolong your life; and
that this evil being taken away from the earth, we may praise God for our deliverance, and
pray him for our continuance; and with the psalmist say, Dominus fecit Judicium, and,
were injustice deny execu any one her subjects that
much more, her whole
t||
us of in
be :
in
he in be
of
in
of
of
of
of
no
byof is
of
be
ofto
so so
by of of
to to it to
of in
be
or to no
ofin in
is ofto he in to
for to to to
us to
of us
all
of
to
to
of
so :
as in
to ; to to a
be be
us
of
if
by we a
as to
all
of
to be is,by
to
to to
byall
it in
of
; to or
by
to of to of by
by to
ofsoofinof |ofas
toas it,itis
as
of orto
to to
on do a in by
in into us of
toto noof
of
of
ifof to
1199] STATE TRIALS, 28 Eliz. 1586. —Proceedings against [1200
‘Full grievous is that way, whose going on,
and end, yield nothing but cumber for the
hire of a laborious journey. I have this day
been in greater conflict with myself, than ‘both written and spoken against me, give me
ever in my life, whether should speak, hold my peace. speak and not com
plain, shall dissemble: and should silent your labour taken were vain.
should complain, might seem strange and “do with most thankful heart consider your rare; yet confess that my most hearty de vigilant care, am sure shall never re sire was, that some other means might have “quite had many lives you all. — been devised work your security and my “When first took the scepter, was not un safety, than this which now propounded.
cannot but complain, though not
you, yet unto you; that perceive your
petitions, that my safety dependeth wholly “shall die And though was not ignorant upon the death another. there any “how many perils should beset withal that think have prolonged the time pur ‘home for altering religion, and how many great pose make counterfeit shew clemency, ‘princes abroad, contrary profession, would they do me the most undeserved wrong, attempt hostility against me; yet was
He knoweth, which the searcher the ‘whit dismayed, knowing that God, whom only most secret thoughts the heart. Or, “I respected, would defend both me and my there any that persuaded, that the “cause. Hence that many treacheries commissioners durst not pronounce other and conspiracies have been attempted against sentence, fearing thereby displease me, me, that rather marvel that am, than
seem fail their care for my safety, muse that should not be, were not that they but heap upon me most injurious con God's holy hand hath protected me beyond
have put else they
my name,
they should reveal unto me private.
was my most favourable mind towards her, prudence, and magnanimity. As for the that desired some other means might two latter, will not boast myself, my sex
found out since now
most desperate
prevent this mischief. But doth not permit but for the two former,
resolved, that my surety without her death, have
dare say, (and that without ostentation)
‘own life danger save princess's life. not say, will yet have many times thought upon it. —But seeing many have
leave, pray you,
‘own defence, that
‘of woman am,
‘passed such careful thoughts; wherein
say somewhat Inine may see what manner whose safety you have
“mindful God the giver, and therefore began “my reign with his service, and the religion
had been both born in, bred in, and trust
ceits. For either those, whom
trust, have failed their duties,
signified unto the commissioners
that my will and pleasure was, that every one
should deal freely according his conscience, and what they would not openly declare, that
expectation. Then the end might make the better progress the art sway jug the sceptre, entered into long and serious cogitation what things were worthy and fitting for kings and found most neces sary that they should abundantly furnished with those special virtues, justice, temperance,
most inward feeling sorrow, that which
have my time pardoned many rebels,
winked many treasons, neglected
them with silence; must now seem shew
cruelty upon great princess. --I have,
since came the crown this realm,
seen many defamatory Books and Pamphlets brought me too much favour the one against me, accusing me tyrant; well
fare the writers hearts, believe their meaning
was ty
side the other; for we princes cannot hear ourselves: yet this dare say boldly, my judgment went ever with the truth ac cording my understanding. And full well Alcibiades wished his friend, not give
was to tell me news: and news indeed me, branded with the note ranny: would were great news
hear their impiety. But what which they will not write now, when they shall hear that
any Answer till the alphabet;
had run over the letters have not used rash and any thing. —And there
have given consent, that the executioner's
sudden resolutions
fore touching your counsels and consulta tions, acknowledge them careful, provident and profitable for the preservation my life, and proceed from minds sincere,
hands shall imbrued the blood nearest kinswoman But so far am
cruelty, that save mine own life, not offer her violence neither have
my from
would been
careful how prolong mine own life, and me most devoted, that shall endea
how preserve both which that now
impossible, grieve exceedingly. am not
void judgment, not see mine own perils before mine eyes; nor mad,
vour myself can, give you cause think your pains not ill-bestowed, and strive
make myself worthy such subjects. ‘And now for your Petition, pray you for
sharpen
cut mine own throat;
provide for the But this consider
man would put
this present Answer without condemn not,
content yourselves with an
sword careless,
mine own with myself, that many
Answer.
Your Judgment
mistake your accept my thank
nor safety
not life.
neither ‘Reasons, but pray you
never made difference persons, where right was one; never preferred for favour,
whom thought not
for worth; never tale that was first corrupt my judgment
bent my ear
told, nor was
with prejudice,
will not say but many reports might haply
credit rash
before
heard the cause.
a
inastoa ofisIis I
to
of to
I
asto to
to it to of of of
I so Iit
or I inor to I,
of in
his to
a is, be It
if as of Ifbe
soso Iofto or So Ior
I to as
so to I in of to I I
ofaof Ito at be I Iall
to
all
I to I II all in. ofI I in
Ibebe soitto toas tosois ato
it as:; Iof be If
to isbeso toIto IfallifI
is III to it of of
of by of be
as
in
I ‘“‘‘‘‘I
to
I as
all or
I
it,
do I
to allto
I so
in so Ia to
do Iso : it of
in
it :
is,
ye i.
itaofin I
he
aI as
so
I to I;to
to
Itoafit
do IintosoI
I I I to of be be it I
I
a
so
so of it
I ofI I
toas I
I to of of beI I no at I
in
beI
I as
soI
as I
o
1201] STATE TRIALS, 2s Eliz. 1586–May 2ween Scots. [1202
“fulness, excuse my doubtfulness, and take in Commission passed the Great Scal her Exe ‘good part my answer answerless. If I should cution, which was follows
“say, I would not do what you request, I might Elizabeth, the grace God, queen “say perhaps more than I think: and if I should
“say I would do might plunge myself into 558 Murdin's State Papers, and dare peril, whom you labour preserve which say you will not think one the least causes
‘in your wisdoms and discretions would not that should, consider the circumstances
place, time, and the manners and condi ‘tions of men. ”
After this, the Assembly prorogued.
the fatal catastrophe which soon followed. ” This Letter here follows:
Commission for the Erecution Scots.
the Queen
pays illuy faschoit plus, que vous aviez non seulement engasge vostre honneur auvegues estrangier Nomme
The publication the Sentence was stayed while the intercession L'Aubespine the French ambassador;” but the month De
Simier, l'alant trouver nuit chambre dune dame, que dicte Comptesse blasmoit fort ceste occasion la, ou Vous baisiez
the Estates was
-
About that time were lord Buckhurst and despuis desire,
-
Beale sent the queen Scots, signify regret, que telles choses soyent aminenees unto her that Sentence was pronounced against question, mays tres sincerement sans auqune her that the same was approved and con passion, doint japelle mon Dieu tesmoing, que firmed act parliament, most iust, and Comptesse Schreusbury madit Vous the Execution thereof instantly sued for qui suit plus pres deces Termes. plus part the Estates, out due regard justice,
security and necessity and therefore per
suade her acknowledge her Offences against
God and the queen, and expiate them before point, nicroy present, congnoissant Naturel her death repentance letting her under
stand, that long she lived, the received
Religion England could not subsist. Hereat
<ember, through the earnest instance some usiez auvec luy diverses privaultes deshon courtiers, was publicly proclaimed over nestes; mays aussi luy revelliez les segretz the city London, the lord mayor, the alder Royaulme, trahisant vos propres Counseillers
men, and principal officers and citizens being
present, and afterward throughout the whole
realm. the Proclamation the queen seri
ously protested, that this publication was ex
torted from her not without exceeding grief
mind, out certain necessity, and the most nuit, que par apres vous laviez laisse-entrer, vehement prayers and obtestations the qu'il demeura avvegues Vous pres troys JEstates the Realin though there were, heures. Quant dict Haton, que vous cou which thought this proceed women's riez force, faysant, publiquement paroitre cunning, who though they much desire thing, l'amour que luy portiez, qui luy mesmes estoit
yet will always seem rather constrained unto it. f. Afterwards, February the 1st,
See the French Ambassador's (Bellevre) Speech queen Elizabeth. Thuan. Histor. lib. 86, 157. Genev. Edit. -
Bishop Warburton writes Hurd (March 1739), “You will amused with very
extraordinary Letter Mary - Elizabeth
contreint s'en retirer, que Vous donnastes soufflet Kiligreu pour vous avoir ra
mene dict IIaton, que vous avviez envoiay rappeller par luy, s'etant desparti chollere uvcques vous pour quelques injuresque luy auviez dittes pour certeins boutons dor qu’l au voit sur son habit. Qu'elle auvoit travaille de
fayre espouser dit isaton, feu Comtesse Lenox fille, mays que creinte Vous,
Letter from the Queen Elizabeth.
Scots
Queen
SUIvant
promis
vous declare ores, qu'avegues
que Vous
auvea
quoy-je proteste avoirrespondu, reprenant ditte dame croire patier silisientieuse
ment Vous, comme chose que croy ois
Comptesse quel esprit elle estoit alors pouissee contre vous. Premierement,
she seemed with certain unwonted alacrity triumph, giving God thanks, and rejoicing her heart that she was holden be an instru ment for the re-establishing Religion this island. And earnestly she prayed, that she Inight have Catholic priest direct her con science, and minister the Sacraments unto her.
bishop and dean whom they commended unto her for this use, she utterly rejected, and sharply taxed the English nation, saying often,
That the English had many times slaughtered their kings; marvel therefore, they now also shew their cruelty upon me, that am issued from the blood their kings.
qu'un, auguel cile disoit que vous aviez faict promesse mariage devant une Daiue
vostre chambre, avoit cousche infinies foys an vesques Vous avec toute licence privaulte qui peut user entre Mari samme; Mays qu'indubitablement Vous nestiez pas comme les aultres famines, pour respect cestoit
follie touz ceulx qui atectoient vostre Mariage avec Monsieur Duc d’Anjou, d’aultant qu'il
pourroit accouplir; que Vous
vouldriez jamay's perdu liberte Vous fayre fayre 'aujour auvoir vostre plesir tous
jours auvegues nouveaulx amoureulx, regretant
ce, disoit elle, que l'ous Maister Haton, auttre mays que pour l'honneur
vous contentiez Royaulme;
avvesques luy Quc Vous vous estiez desportee mesme dissolution avec Duc son May
stre, qui vous avoit este trouver une nuit porte vostre chambre, vous lavicz rancon tre auvec vostre seulle chemise manteau de
3,+ * a A to ‘“ “ ; of
W()
L. I
I. p. to
of In of by in by ofit abyto
a asto
ofto of as;a
be on ;
: to
ofnoa of if a of ye
it, I
to inof toof ofof to totobe oftoas
of if of ye
aof to; a of allof in to
at a of. of in by
4de d',un et de le ne deladela
Aofp. * of
H alaa ceasela
le et de de au
*
unet et je as
si etde itof
sa
a de de :a
dela de
ne
le
de
et ce et
ay of of of:
au au de le dedeje by la et
en
et
le ne
la de ce
for
et
ou
deun du ne la
la
ou
lede
de
laduet deme de
to
et . I
et
en ce le la
je A
aet
a
en
of
ce
12o3]
STATFE Ti{IALS, 23 ELIz. 1586. —Proccedings against - [1204
• England, France and Ireland, &c. To our * the Sentence given by you, and others of our • trusty and well-beloved cousins, George earl * council, nobility and judges, against tbc queen " of Shrewsbury, earl marshal of England ; * of Scots, by the name of Mary, the daughter * Henry earl oi Kent : Ilenry earl of Derby : * of Jaunes 5, late long of Scots, commonly * George earl of Cumberland : and Henry earl * callcd the queen of Scots, and dowager of * of Pembroke, greeting, & c. Whereas sithence * France, as to you is well known ; the
osoit entendre que mesme Comte mes fammes plus mesler. Davantasge, d'Oxfort nosoit rappointer auveques fam dicte Comtesse ma autrefoys advertie que me peur pcrire faveur qu'il esperoit Vovs voulliez appointer Rolson pour me fayre recepvoir par vous fayre l'amour Que vous l'amour essayer me deshonorer, soyt estiez prodigue envers toutes telles gens effect par mauvais bruit, quoy avoyt ceulx qui ne-loient telles mesnees, comme instructions vostre bousche propre Que
ostre Chambre Gorge, auquel Ruxby veint ici, environ ans, pour
Vous avviez donne troys centz ponds atempter ma vie, ayant parle vous mesmes,
rante pour vous avvoir apporte les nouvelles qui luy auviez dit quil que Walsingham
du retour de Halton Qu'a toutz aultres Vous estiez fort ,ngrate chische, qu'il avoit que troys quatre vostre Royaulme
luy commenderoit dirigeroit. Quant Comtesse poursuivoit mariage Charles auveques une des niepeces
dicte son filz Milord
qui Vous ayez jamays faict bien Me Paget, que daultre part Vous voulliez lavoir conseillant, riant extresmement, mettre mon par pure absolue aucthorite pour des filz sur les rancs pour vous fayre l'amours, Knoles, pour quil estoit vostre parent elle comme chose qui me serviroit grandement crioit fort contre vous, disoit que cestoit une metroit Monsieur Duc hors quartier; qui vraye tirannie, voulant vostre fantasie enlever me seroit tres prejudisiable continuoit toutes les heritieres pays, que vous aviez
vraye moquerie, elle me respondit que Vous rieuses; mays qu'enfin Noblesse Royau
estiez vayne bonne opinion vos me vous soufrisoit pas mcsmement, vous
tre beaute, comnce vous estiez quelque de adressiez telz aultres quelle connoissoit bieen. esse ciel qu'elle prandroit sur teste environ quatre sing ans que Vous
lui repliquant, que cela seroit pris pour une indignement use dit Paget par parolles inju
vous fayre croire facillement entretiendroit tant malade moy ausi mesure temps, elle mon filz ceste humeur Que Vous preniez me dit, que vostre Mal provenoit closture grand plesir flateries hors toute rayson, d'une fistulle que vouz aviez dans une jambe que l'on vous disoit, comme dire, qu'on que sans doubte venant perdre voz moys, vous osoit par foys reguarder plain, d'aultant Vous mourriez bien tost, s'en resjouissant sur que vostre face luysoit comme Soleill Qu'- une vayne inagination quelle eue long elle toutes les aultres Dames de Court temps par
predictions
estoints contreintes d'user, qu'en son dernier Lenton, d'un vieulx liuvre qui prediroit voyage vers Vous, Elle feu Comptesse vostre mort par violence, succession dune
Lenox parlant Vous n'osoient s'entrere aultre Royne, quelle interpretoit eftre moy, re garder l'une l'autre peur s'eclater gretant seullement que par dit liuvre estoit rire des cassades quelle vous donnoint, me priant predit que Royne qui vous deubroit succeder
son retour tancer fille quelle n'avoyt nc regneroit que trois ans, mouroit comme
jamays sceu persuader fayre mesme quant sille Talbot, elle s'assuroit qu'elle
vous, par violance, que estoit represente mesme peinture dans dit liuvre, auquel avoyt dernier feuillet, contenu duquel elle ma jamais voulou dire. Elle scait clle
fauldroit jamays vous rire nez;
dicte dame Talbot lors quelle vous alla fayre
reverance donne ferment comme l'une de mesme que jay tousjours pris cela pour une voz servantes, son retour imertiatemcnt, me pure follie, mays elle fesoit bien son compte
comtant conine une chose fayte moquerie, destre premiere aupres noy, mesme me pria l'accepter pareill, may plus ressent ment que mon filz epouseroit ma niepce Arbela.
entier vers moy,
refus laissay
quel
vous jure encores coup sur honneur que que desubz est tres que qui conserne vostre
oest jamays tombe l'entende vous fayre tort par reveller
feiz long tems Pour larmes ma fov
que quand seriez cholere luy fissies qu'il
comme cousine Si. edmur, qui vous auviez pour
rompu un doibt, faciant croire ceulx parler
court, que cestoit chandelier qui est tombe Inent les noms, tems, lieux aultres sircon
mays
faire, disant
force quelle
vouldroit potir veritable; monde estre vostre service pres honneur,
chose
'vostre personne, d'autant quelle auroit peur ment
scaura jatnoys par moy, tcnant
dessoz auviez donne mayn
qu'a une aultre vos servant talle stances pour vous sayre congnoistre verite orand coup cousteau sur cessi d'aultres choses que reserve, quant not, pour ces 'erniers pointz seray tout fayct asseuree vostre amitie,
communs petitz raportz, Croyez que eus iaquelie comme desire plus que jamays, aussi
estiez jouee contrefaicte par elles comme coinmedie entre mes fammes mesmes qu'ap- cevant, vous jure que lendis
puis ceste foys obtenir, vous neustes jamays parente, amy, mesnes subject, plus
fidelle affectionnee que vous seray. Pour
fau'x. puis avoir cest heur de vous, vous diray plus particuiiere
d'un nomme Jon
en et
· a a a il ct le neet le et
: : etdu undene ; a du si de
Etetsadeaen ce
en ctsaet;enVde etunun aa de en
je la
a et ou ce si en le
un fin le
en adu de
;
si
aen deet; :la
desa
jeane de i :
dea neje de
la et
adeet si
le de ilde
en
en au le la et le la:
de it
:,aje de:sa
de
acelaladela lala;dede neside ;et nideet
et
aes de et la en le et ou etceilfin eta aet
sijede il et Il la
je y y
la tne la ne ane
a jeje
nectje un le les et et
ce dene
Si leilce je de et i de
ce ce ou la dua et le fit a je ce le et au ce
ny
deje
a de le a v1
et deleetlela a a et
la en un
- le et
de de 1
: et e
;
en
la ce dude il
ilde si:unla: all
de
1205] STATE TRIALS, 28 Eliz. 1586. —Mary Queen of Scots. [1206
* States in the last Parliament assembled, did “have your loyalties, faithfulness and love, “not only deliberately, by great advice, allow ‘both toward our person and the safety thereof, ‘and approve the same Sentence as just and and also your native countries, whereof * honourable, but also with humbleness and “you are most noble and principal members; “earnestness possible, sundry times require,
‘solicit, and press us, direct such further
“Execution against her person, they did
“adjudge her have daily deserved; adding
‘thereunto, that the forbearing thereof was,
‘and would daily certain and undoubted
“danger, not only unto our own life, but also
“unto themselves, their posterity, and the pub cause your commandment Execution
‘lic estate this realin, well for the cause done upon her person, the presence “of the gospel, and true religion Christ, yourselves, and the aforesaid Amias Powlet,
for the peace the whole realm where and such other officers justice you “upon we did, although the same were with shall command attend upon you for that
“some delay time, publish the same Sen purpose; and the same
done such such time and place, five, four three
“tence our Proclamation, yet hitherto have forborn give direction for the further satis faction the aforesaid most earnest requests, made our said states our parliament, whereby we daily understand, sorts
manner and form, and and such persons,
“We will, and Warrant hereof autho “rize you, soon you shall have time con venient, repair our Castle Fother
And these our our loving subjects, both our nobility letters patent sealed with our great seal
and council, and also the wisest, greatest,
and best devoted all subjects inferior degrees, how greatly and deeply, from the bottom their hearts, they are grieved and asilicted with daily, yea hourly fears our life, and thereby consequently with dreadful doubt and expectation the ruin the pre sent happy and godly estate this realm, we should forbear the further final execution
deserved, and neglect their general and
England, shall you, and every you,
and persons that shall present,
that shall be, you, commanded any thing appertaining the aforesaid Execution,
full sufficient Warrant, and Discharge for ever. And further, we are also pleased and contented, and hereby we do will, cominand and authorize our Chancellor England,
ingay, where the said queen Scots custody our right trusty and faithful ser
vant and counsellor, sir Amias Powlet, knt. and then taking her into your charge,
you, shall thought convenient, not withstanding ordinance the contrary.
your discretions any law, statute
continual requests, prayers, counsels and ‘purposes made, dated and sealed with our advices. And thereupon centrary our na ‘great Seal England, these presents tural disposition such case, being overcome now are witness whereof, we have with the evident weight their counsels, and “caused these our letters made patent. their daily intercessions, importing such ne ‘Yeoven our manor of Greenwich, the 1st
cessity, appeareth directly tending the safety not only ourself, but also the weal our whole realin, we have conde scended suffer Justice take place; and for the Execution thereof, upon the special trusty experience and confidence which we
Dieu asseurez Vous celle qui vous veult
peult Servir, De mon forcant mon bras
. mes douleurs pour vous satisfayre obeir. -MARIE
N. B. This Letter from the Queen of Scots
‘day February, the 29th year our reign. ' Queen Elizabeth's Letter directed Sir Amias
thought fers
the same which Mr Carte re
AM ras, my most faithful servant, God re ward thee treble-fold the double thy most troublesome charge well discharged you knew, my Amias, how kindly, besides dutiful
my grateful heart accepts your double bours, and faithful actions, your wise orders, and safe regards, performed dangerous charge, would ease your travel, and rejoice your heart, that cannot balance, any weight my judgment, the value that prize you and suppose treasure countervail such faith; and shall condemn myself, that thought never committed, reward not such deserts; yea, me lack when most
his History published 1752
there represented, entirely unsupported from any Evidence that come my knowledge. The Letter itself,
page 828,
and Discovery which,
England, vol.
The Concealment
the Original, found open amongst the other need, acknowledge not such verit with papers the earl Salisbury's Library, with reward, not omnibus datum but your out any appearance design have se wicked murderess know, how with hearty sor: creted. And the manner which was dis row her vile deserts compel these orders; and covered, Mr. Carte affirms upon the testi bid her from me, ask God forgiveness for her monies him referred to, circumstance treacherous dealing against my life many years, absolutely unknown any one person my the intolerable peril her own and yet lord Salisbury's family,
from the strictest enquiry cerning
far can learn not content with many forgivenesses, but have made con must fall again horribly, far passing "0.
the requests you all, and every
the duplicate our Letters Patent,
you, that
Powl,
the Castle
Keepcr Fotheringay.
Scots,
knt.
the Queen
man's thought, much less princess's instead
it.
byas
to of
to in Iofbe
as of of in
byof to
a
of
of
to
be as
as at
bytoto in
-
1 as
as:
of
lit
of
of
of
to at
all
so
Inof of to
of of bybebeto
to
a
| ifat, of tobyofdo
is
of
asato
of of
in
to
as
of
of
I et it
ofa by of to of :
as
in
it
to to a
of
all
;
if
I I of it in
t, at : all by
of to
let no
so in
to to
to
in aItoso
ofsir ofbe be of
to
to
of
do of beto
iii. Retet
if
de
of
:. ***
in is is is
ofto ofis by
as of it
as *‘
ly,at aof
of to as soIin asby
. of toof of to
: ;
a ininif todoofastois
of
do
letiI . of be orin
a la ' all at or of or beto in
1207]
STATE TRIALS, 28 Eliz, 1586–Proceedings against [1205
be ‘consented my death, who am not subject my ‘to your law and jurisdiction but seeing her
with my most loving adieu, and prayer for thy She desired she might have Conference with long life, your assured and loving sovereign, her Almoner, her Confessor, and Melvin, the heart, good desert, indureth, ELIZABETH, Master her Houschold: for her Confessor, Ičegina.
of excusing whereof, not one can serve
ing
guiltless
plainly coinessed the author death. Lev repentance take
place, pleasure so, Death shall me
that the ‘welcome; neither that soul worthy the
not the fiend possess her,
most
and
better part lost, which pray with hands ‘high and everlasting joys above, whose body lifted him, that can both save and spill, “cannot endure one stroke of the executioner. ”
and the earls recommended the dean Peterborough,
QUEEN Elizabeth, after some hesitation, ‘your death will the life thereof. ” Mention having delivered Writing Davison, one being made Babington, she constantly denied
Queen 41. 1/’s recution. pursuance this Commission,
comfort her; Kent, hot
she was executed the 8th day February following,
whom she refusing, the earl
which queen Elizabeth afterwards pretended burning zeal religion, broke forth into these she was surprized; the manner whereof thus words among other speeches: ‘Your life will related Camden. the death our Religion, contrariwise
her Secretaries, signed with her own hand, iris Conspiracy have been known
was flatly denied that should come her;
Warrant under the great seal her, and the revenge her wrong she left drawn for the Execution, God. Then enquiring what was become
contmanding
England
the next day the queen changed her mind, and master's life?
commanded slavison Killegrew that the When the earls were departed, she com Warrant should not be drawn. Davison came manded supper hastened, that she might
readiness case any Naw and Curle; she asked whether were
which was
dangerous Attempt upon queen Elizabeth, com ever heard before, that servants were sub manded him acquaint man there with orned and accepted Witnesses against their
her the bishop,
presently the queen, and told her that was drawn and under seal already; which she
was somewhat moved, and blamed him for making such haste. t. He notwithstanding ac quainted the Council both with the Warrant and the whole matter, and easily persuaded them who were apt believe what they de sired, that the queen had commanded should
executed. Hereupon without any delay Beale, who respect religion was the queen
the better dispose her concerns. She supped temperately, her manner was and seeing her servants, both men and women, weeping and lamenting she sat supper, she com forted them with great courage and magna mimity, bad them leave mourning, and rather rejoice, that she was now depart out
world miseries. Turning Burgoin, her physician, she asked him whether did not now find the force Truth be great
They say,' quoth, she, “that must die, be with one two Executioners, and Warrant, cause have plotted against the queen's life;
Scots most bitter adversary, was sent down
who rein authority was given the earls Shrewsbury, Keit, Derby, Cumberland, and
others, see Execution done according law; and this without the queen's knowledge.
And though she that very time told iXavison,
that she would take another course, yet did not he for all that call Beale back.
yet the earl Rent tells me, there
other cause my death, but that they are afraid for their Religion because me; neither hath my offence against the queen, but their fear because me, drawn this end upon me, while some, under the colour Religion, and the public good, aim their own private respects and advantages. ’
As soon as the earls were come Fother
ingay, they, together with Amias Powlet,
and sir, Drew Drury, whose custody the her servants, who pledged her order upon queen Scots was committed, came her and their knees, mingling tears with the wine, and told her the cause their coming, reading the begging pardon for their neglect their duty;
Warrant, and few words admonished her prepare herself for Death, for she was die
the next day. She undauntedly, and with composed spirit, made this Auswer; did
not think the queen, my sister, would have
Camd. Eliz. 382.
she also like manner did of them. —After supper site perused her Will, read over the in ventory her Goods and Jewels, and wrote down the Names those, whom she he queathed every particular. To some she dis tributed inoney with her own hand. To her Confessor she wrote Letter, that he would
This seems have becn one that queen's
artifices order excuse herself the king She wrote also letters of recommendation for
Scots; and though, put the better colour her servants the French king and the duke upon she afterwards sacrificed her Secretary, of GMise. At her wonted time she went to yet the whole affair was (very probably) trans bed, slept some hours; and then waking, spent acted with her knowledge and approbation, the rest the night prayer.
No.
which, see Davison's Apology Camden. the Proceedings against Davison, See
the present Volume.
The fatal day being come, which was the 8th February, she dressed herself gorgeously,
Towards the end supper she drank
make intercession for her God his prayers.
she was wont upon festival days, and
for of ‘ or +*
of be
of
In
65 it,
by uplet
so
of
ofin toortoto to
asof as &4. *
‘beor “
to
as
of to
to
be
of
of
to in
I
of
of ofofof isto
as in
inofIto
of of to ; all to
to at at
to
to
of to
atasto be
:
of of
of
as
ofto
doin ofof
a of of he
is
in to a be to liebe
in
totoat inaof
p. of
to to
of to
*
of
sir
of to in
to
into toto a at ‘ it
so
is ofit,
I to it of atotoof ;ofinas
he
beas
it in isof a
at
of
to
all no : a oftoto
it
by
by up J. • I no
by
1209] STATE TRIALS, 28 Eliz. 1586. —Mary 2ueen of Scots.
calling her servants together, commanding her going before her, she came Will to be read; prayed phem to take their which was built the upper end
which was placed chair, cushion, and block, all covered with black cloth. As soon she was set down, and silence command her Oratory, or ordinary place of prayer, with ed, Beale read the Warrant She heard
sighs and groans, and prayers, she begged his attentively, yet her thoughts were Divine Grace and favour, till such time as taken with somewhat else. Then Fletcher, Thomas Andrews, sheriff of the county, ac dean Peterborough, began long Speech
legacies in good part, for her ability would not extend to giving them any greater matters.
[1210'
the scaffold, the Hall,
Then fixing her mind wholly upon God in
quainted her, that she must now come forth : her touching the Condition her Life past, And forth she caine with state, countenance present, and come. She interrupted him and presence majestically composed; a chear once twice was speaking, prayed him ful look, and a matron-like and modest habit; not trouble himself, protesting that she was her head covered with a linen veil, and that
hanging down to the ground, her prayer-beads
hanging at her girdle, and carrying a crucifix of oivory in her hands. -In the porch she was re
ceived by the earls and other noblemen, where Melvin, her servant, falling upon his knees, and
firmly fixed and resolved the ancient Catho Roman Religion, and for was ready shed her last blood. When earnestly per suaded her true repentance, and put her whole trust Christ assured faith; she answered, That that religion she was both
forth tears, bewailed his hard hap, that e was to carry into 'Scotland the woeful tid ings of the unhappy fate of his lady and mis
born and bred, and now ready
}. . . ".
die. The whom she said, that she would give them hearty
tress: She thus comforted him, “Lament not, thanks, they would pray for her but * but rather rejoice, thou shalt by-and-by see join, said she, prayer with you, who are
earls said
they
would
pray
with
her;
• Mary Stuart freed from her cares. Tell them, that die constant my Religion, and firm my fidelity and affection towards Scot land and France. God forgive them, who have thirsted after my blood, harts after the fountain Thou, God who art Truth
another profession, would me heinous sin. Then they appointed the dean pray; with whom while the multitude that stood
round about were praying, she fell down upon her knees, and holding the Crucifix before her
her hands, prayed Latin, with her servants, “itself, and perfectly and truly understandest out the office the Blessed Virgin Mary.
the inward thoughts my heart, knowest how ‘greatly have desired that the kingdoms ‘England and Scotland might united into
one. Commend me my son, and assure him, that have done nothing, which may prejudicial the kingdom Scotland; ad
“Inonish him hold amity and friendship
with the queen England; and see thou him faithful service. '
After the Dean had made end praying, she English recommended the church, her son, and queen Elizabeth God, beseeching
him turn away his wrath from this island, and professing, that she reposed her hope
Salvation the blood Christ lifting the Crucifix, she called on the Celestial Choir Saints make intercession to him for her
She forgave her enemies, and kissing the And now the tears trickling down, she bade Crucifix, and signing herself with the Cross,
Melvin several times farewell, who wept fast she said, “As thy arms, Christ! were spread she. Then turning the earls, she prayed out upon the cross, receive me with the them that her servants might civilly dealt ‘stretched-out arms thy mercy, and forgive withal: That they might enjoy their Legacies, “my sins. ' Then the executioners asked her that they might stand her her Death, and forgiveness, which she granted them. And Inight sent back into their own country with when her women had taken off her upper gar letters safe conduct.