EL, is
pronounced
like the English n in need, or in
French, gagne.
French, gagne.
Poland - 1881 - Poets and Poetry of Poland
Poets and poetry of Poland; a collection of Polish verse, including
a short account of the history of Polish poetry, with sixty biographical
sketches of Poland's poets and specimens of their composition,
translated into the English language. Edited by Paul Soboleski.
Soboleski, Paul, 1816-1884. [from old catalog] Chicago, Knight & Leonard, 1881.
http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d
Public Domain
http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
This work is in the Public Domain, meaning that it is not subject to copyright. Users are free to copy, use, and redistribute the work in part or in whole. It is possible that current copyright holders, heirs or the estate of the authors of individual portions of the work, such as illustrations or photographs, assert copyrights over these portions. Depending on the nature of subsequent use that is made, additional rights may need to be obtained independently of anything we can address.
? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ? Hill
Uli
1m
II Uhm
Sb mIh
11
WW" Hi
mm mm w
I lUl
ill
Hi
? Hi
fflttffll mm
HH 1
H fsfifljingt ijii
H
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l^H infill WmM
<< 11
II
fill
1111
A
?
iii HM
Mitt
1111 1
I w w ? ii
m
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? GENIUS OF POLISH HISTORY.
Wygnan? cy, co tak d? ugo b? a? dzicie po s? wiecie,
Kiedyz? znuz? onym stopom spoczynek znajdziecie?
Dziki go? a? b ma gniazdo, robak ziemi bry? g,
Kaz? dy cz? owiek ojczyzne? , a Polak mogi? e? .
Translation on Niemcewicz'b page. (*)
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? POETS AND POETRY
OF
POLAND.
A COLLECTION OF POLISH TEESE.
INCLUDING A SHORT ACCOUNT OF THE HISTORY OF POLISH
POETRY, WITH SIXTY BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF
POLAND'S POETS AND SPECIMENS OF THEIR
COMPOSITION, TRANSLATED INTO
THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
EDITED BY
PAUL SOBOLESKL
CHICAGO:
KNIGHT & LEONARD, PRINTERS.
18 81.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? V 1-
? &pp?
Copyright, 1881,
By PAUL SOBOLESKI.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ILLUSTRATIONS.
1. Genius of Polish History.
2. Polish and American Coat-of-Arms.
3. Three Greatest Polish Poets.
4. Kochanowski.
5. Druz? backa.
6. Karpin? ski' s Monument.
7. Krasicki.
8. Niemcewicz.
9. Mickiewicz.
10. S? owACKi's Monument.
11. Zaleski;
12. Deotyma.
13. Goszczyn? ski.
14. Pol.
15. Kondratowicz.
16. Kraszewski.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? POLISH ACCENTED LETTERS.
Besides the common alphabet, the Poles have the
following accented letters -- and as they may occa-
sionally occur in this work, it is deemed proper to
explain their sounds and pronunciation as far as it was
possible so to clo.
c| (nasal), has the sound of the French on as in son,
pardon, etc.
C, is pronounced tsie.
C (nasal), has the sound like the French un, as in
chacun, or like in as in main.
? J 1, very nearly as the English I, as in log, long, etc.
EL, is pronounced like the English n in need, or in
French, gagne.
O, is pronounced like the English oo.
S, like the English s, followed by e, as in sea, seize.
Z? , like the English z, in Zealand.
Z? , is pronounced like French g or j, as in genou,
jambe, jardin.
j, is always pronounced like y.
i, like ee.
w, like English v.
u, like oo
cz, like the English ch, as in child, chip, etc.
sz, like sh, as in shall, shield, etc.
rz, very like the French j, as in jardin.
szcz, like stch.
ch, very nearly like h, or like the German ch, as in
machen. brechen, etc.
? ?
EL, is pronounced like the English n in need, or in
French, gagne.
O, is pronounced like the English oo.
S, like the English s, followed by e, as in sea, seize.
Z? , like the English z, in Zealand.
Z? , is pronounced like French g or j, as in genou,
jambe, jardin.
j, is always pronounced like y.
i, like ee.
w, like English v.
u, like oo
cz, like the English ch, as in child, chip, etc.
sz, like sh, as in shall, shield, etc.
rz, very like the French j, as in jardin.
szcz, like stch.
ch, very nearly like h, or like the German ch, as in
machen. brechen, etc.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? PRONUNCIATION OF POETS' NAMES.
BALIN? SKI, -
BERWIN? SKI, -
BRODZIN? SKI, -
BOGUS? AWSKI,
DRUZ? BACKA, -
DMUCHOWSKI,
DEOTYMA,
FELIN? SKI, -
GAWIN? SKI,
GARCZYN? SKI,
GASZYN? SKI,
GO? RECKI,
gos? awski, -
goszczyn? ski,
ho? owin? ski, -
jachowicz, -
jakubowski, -
jasko wski, -
karpin? ski,
klonowicz;
TRONOUNCE
Bah-lin-skee.
Ber-vin-skee.
Bro-dzin-skee.
- Bo-GOO-SLAV-SKEE.
Droosh-batz-kah.
- Dmoo-hov-skee.
Deo-te-ma.
Feh-lin-skee.
Gah-vin-skee.
- Gar-tschyn-skee,
Gah-shin-skee.
- Go-retz-kee.
gos-lav-skee.
- gosh-tchin-skee.
holo-vin-skee.
- Yah-ho-vitch.
Ya-koo-bov-skee.
- Yas-kov-skee.
Kar-pin-skee.
Klo-no-yitch
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? PRONUNCIATION OF POETS NAMES.
KOCHANOWSKI,
KNIAZN? IN, -
KONARSKI,
KONDRATOWICZ,
KORSAK (RAY),
KORSAK (JUL),
KORZENIOWSKI,
KRASICKI, -
KRASIN? SKI,
KRASZEWSKI,
KRO PIN? SKI,
LENARTOWICZ,
MALCZEWSKI, -
MIASKOWSKI,
MINASOWICZ, -
MICKIEWICZ,
MORAWSKI,
NARUSZEWICZ,
NIEMCEWICZ, -
ODYNIEC,
OLIZAROWSKI, -
OSIN? SKI,
POL, -
REY,
SARBIEWSKI, -
PRONOUNCE
Ko-HA-NOV-SKEE.
- KlN-AZ-NIN.
Ko-NAR-SKEE.
- KoN-DRAH-TOVITCH.
KOR-SAK.
- Kor- sak.
kor-zhen-ov-skee.
- Krah-sitz-kee.
Krah-sin-skee.
- Krah-shev-skee.
Kro-pin-skee.
- Leh-nar-to-vitch.
Mal-tchev-skee.
- MlAS-KOV-SKEE.
Me-nah-so-vitcu.
- MlTZ-KEH-VITCH.
Mo-RAV-SKEE.
- Na-rush-eh-vitch.
NlEM-TZE-VITCH
- O-DEE-NETZ.
O- LEE- ZAH-ROV-SKEE.
- O-SEEN-SKEE.
POHL.
- Rey.
Sar-biev-skee.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? PRONUNCIATION OF POETS NAMES.
SIENKIEWICZ,
S? OWACKI,
SZYMONOWICZ,
TREMBECKI,
UJEJSKI,
WASILEWSKI, -
WENGIERSKI,
WITWICKI,
WORONICZ, -
WYBICKI, -
ZALESKI,
ZAN, -
ZIMOROWICZ,
ZMIECHOWSKA,
ZMORSKI,
PRONOUNCE
- Sein-keh-vitch.
Slo-vatz-kee.
- She-mo-no-vitch.
Trem-betz-kee.
- ooy-ey-skee.
Yah-see-lehv-skee.
- Yen-gher-skee.
YlT-VITZ-KEE.
- Yo? -RO-NITCH.
Ye-bitz-kee.
- Zah-les-kee.
Zahn.
- Ze-mo-ro-vitch.
Zmee-hov-skah.
- Zmor-skee.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? INTRODUCTION.
It has been said that the most interesting phenome-
non in the history of a people is the rise and progress
of its literature. As in an individual man, so it is
likewise in a nation, life manifests itself in a twofold
manner: in action and in word. A wise man of an-
tiquity once said to an individual unknown to him:
" Speak, that I may know you. " Thus we can address
ourselves to every civilized people -- "show us your
literature, that we may judge of the actual state of your
civilization, your character and your general qualifi-
cations. "
11
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? 12 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
It is not enough that a nation has a literature of
its own, and that she sets it in sight of the progression
of humanity. It is not enough that she has actors
appearing on the scene of learning and knowledge;
a nation which has a desire to live and to advance with
proper dignity to her destiny must also have specta-
tors, hearers and learners in the grand school of social
vitality. In these lies her hope that she will not fall,
and that she will develop.
People are but collective units arising from individ-
ual or single beings united by force of nationality,
laws, inherent powers and actions. They grow and
nourish in accordance with their natural elements and
its development -- and this development is the flower
and the most beautiful crown of its existence.
As every nation is but a part of the grand division
of the human society which it influences by its own
characteristics, so is the literature of each nationality
a part of the general enlightenment -- which, circulating
around according to its strength and spirit, tends in
the same direction, and contributes toward making the
whole human kind more enlightened and more happy.
The literature of such people is a record of their
spiritual existence, and hence it becomes their duty --
a duty which they owe to themselves and the country
of their birth -- to disseminate it, though it be in an
humble way, among the nations of the earth. Placed
in an apotheotic light on the heights of time, encom-
passing the past and the future, it points out the
direction, the mind and the feelings of the people from
whose hearts it sprung -- at the same time erecting im-
perishable monuments for them which neither passing
misfortunes nor the relentless hand of time can ever
obliterate.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? INTRODUCTION. 13
Years ago there existed a great nation -- great in
achievements -- noble in her bearing toward her neigh-
bors -- a warlike and chivalrous people, who once
commanded the respect and admiration of the world.
That nation was Poland. Since she began to play an
important role in the history of nations she could
count over 1,500 literary names, many of which were
at the time , and are now, illustrious in the annals not
only of Poland, but of the world. Prostrate, parti-
tioned, suffering, and blotted out as it were from
existence, she awaits the fulfillment of her destiny.
Fate sometimes strikes nations as it does individuals,
but hope in her case, though it may seem futile to
other nationalities, never forsakes the sorrowing hearts
of her children. Scattered though they are through-
out the confines of the habitable globe, they have
never ceased to wait, to hope, and to trust, that she
will once more be resuscitated, resurrected, regen-
erated, and once more counted among the nations of
the earth! And we think that we are not mistaken
when we say that there are many noble hearts in all
nationalities who would respond to this heartfelt long-
ing with an Amen!
It is not the intent of the compiler and editor of
this work to go into a diffuse history of Polish litera-
ture; his resources being rather limited, he must do
as best he can. The purpose of this volume is only to
take a cursory glance, and to present to the American
public the names of some of the most distinguished
Polish poets, with short biographical sketches and
some specimens of their productions translated into the
English language -- some of which may not be equal to
the originals in the easy flow of language and the
beauty of expression. The Polish tongue may seem to
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? 14 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
other nationalities as somewhat harsh and discordant,
but in reality it is one of the most flowery, expressive,
and harmonious languages extant. No language can
excel it in heroic verse, nor claim preeminence over it
in the expression of sentiment.
Although the editor has written and translated a
goodly part of The Poets and Poetry of Poland, he
availed himself of some translations of Dr. John
Bowring, a distinguished English litterateur, and of
Dr. Thomas D. English, an American gentleman of
eminent poetical talent. He also cheerfully acknowl-
edges assistance and advice of friends well experienced
in literary matters.
In presenting this work to the public the editor
can truthfully state that he has been patiently waiting
for thirty years for some of his learned and able coun-
trymen to come to the front with a work on "the
Poets and Poetry of Poland," but up to this period no
one has yet appeared, so this important task has fallen
to his lot. He cheerfully accepts the situation, and
in offering this to the American People and to his
countrymen, he regrets that the collection is not more
complete and not more satisfactory to himself -- for he
can proclaim to the world, without any egotistical feel-
ing of nationality, but in all the sincerity of his heart,
that Polish literature is a deep mine of precious treas-
ure, although outside of its own people it has been
known but little heretofore. There may have been
impediments to cause this delay, but as the world
advances in knowledge and general enlightenment these
hidden treasures will be unearthed and brought to
light.
This volume only points out the place where it
lies inert, and fortunate will be the hand that will in
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc.
a short account of the history of Polish poetry, with sixty biographical
sketches of Poland's poets and specimens of their composition,
translated into the English language. Edited by Paul Soboleski.
Soboleski, Paul, 1816-1884. [from old catalog] Chicago, Knight & Leonard, 1881.
http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d
Public Domain
http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
This work is in the Public Domain, meaning that it is not subject to copyright. Users are free to copy, use, and redistribute the work in part or in whole. It is possible that current copyright holders, heirs or the estate of the authors of individual portions of the work, such as illustrations or photographs, assert copyrights over these portions. Depending on the nature of subsequent use that is made, additional rights may need to be obtained independently of anything we can address.
? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ? Hill
Uli
1m
II Uhm
Sb mIh
11
WW" Hi
mm mm w
I lUl
ill
Hi
? Hi
fflttffll mm
HH 1
H fsfifljingt ijii
H
HI
l^H infill WmM
<< 11
II
fill
1111
A
?
iii HM
Mitt
1111 1
I w w ? ii
m
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? GENIUS OF POLISH HISTORY.
Wygnan? cy, co tak d? ugo b? a? dzicie po s? wiecie,
Kiedyz? znuz? onym stopom spoczynek znajdziecie?
Dziki go? a? b ma gniazdo, robak ziemi bry? g,
Kaz? dy cz? owiek ojczyzne? , a Polak mogi? e? .
Translation on Niemcewicz'b page. (*)
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? POETS AND POETRY
OF
POLAND.
A COLLECTION OF POLISH TEESE.
INCLUDING A SHORT ACCOUNT OF THE HISTORY OF POLISH
POETRY, WITH SIXTY BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF
POLAND'S POETS AND SPECIMENS OF THEIR
COMPOSITION, TRANSLATED INTO
THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
EDITED BY
PAUL SOBOLESKL
CHICAGO:
KNIGHT & LEONARD, PRINTERS.
18 81.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? V 1-
? &pp?
Copyright, 1881,
By PAUL SOBOLESKI.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? ILLUSTRATIONS.
1. Genius of Polish History.
2. Polish and American Coat-of-Arms.
3. Three Greatest Polish Poets.
4. Kochanowski.
5. Druz? backa.
6. Karpin? ski' s Monument.
7. Krasicki.
8. Niemcewicz.
9. Mickiewicz.
10. S? owACKi's Monument.
11. Zaleski;
12. Deotyma.
13. Goszczyn? ski.
14. Pol.
15. Kondratowicz.
16. Kraszewski.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? POLISH ACCENTED LETTERS.
Besides the common alphabet, the Poles have the
following accented letters -- and as they may occa-
sionally occur in this work, it is deemed proper to
explain their sounds and pronunciation as far as it was
possible so to clo.
c| (nasal), has the sound of the French on as in son,
pardon, etc.
C, is pronounced tsie.
C (nasal), has the sound like the French un, as in
chacun, or like in as in main.
? J 1, very nearly as the English I, as in log, long, etc.
EL, is pronounced like the English n in need, or in
French, gagne.
O, is pronounced like the English oo.
S, like the English s, followed by e, as in sea, seize.
Z? , like the English z, in Zealand.
Z? , is pronounced like French g or j, as in genou,
jambe, jardin.
j, is always pronounced like y.
i, like ee.
w, like English v.
u, like oo
cz, like the English ch, as in child, chip, etc.
sz, like sh, as in shall, shield, etc.
rz, very like the French j, as in jardin.
szcz, like stch.
ch, very nearly like h, or like the German ch, as in
machen. brechen, etc.
? ?
EL, is pronounced like the English n in need, or in
French, gagne.
O, is pronounced like the English oo.
S, like the English s, followed by e, as in sea, seize.
Z? , like the English z, in Zealand.
Z? , is pronounced like French g or j, as in genou,
jambe, jardin.
j, is always pronounced like y.
i, like ee.
w, like English v.
u, like oo
cz, like the English ch, as in child, chip, etc.
sz, like sh, as in shall, shield, etc.
rz, very like the French j, as in jardin.
szcz, like stch.
ch, very nearly like h, or like the German ch, as in
machen. brechen, etc.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-06-10 17:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/loc. ark:/13960/t04x6gz3d Public Domain / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd
? PRONUNCIATION OF POETS' NAMES.
BALIN? SKI, -
BERWIN? SKI, -
BRODZIN? SKI, -
BOGUS? AWSKI,
DRUZ? BACKA, -
DMUCHOWSKI,
DEOTYMA,
FELIN? SKI, -
GAWIN? SKI,
GARCZYN? SKI,
GASZYN? SKI,
GO? RECKI,
gos? awski, -
goszczyn? ski,
ho? owin? ski, -
jachowicz, -
jakubowski, -
jasko wski, -
karpin? ski,
klonowicz;
TRONOUNCE
Bah-lin-skee.
Ber-vin-skee.
Bro-dzin-skee.
- Bo-GOO-SLAV-SKEE.
Droosh-batz-kah.
- Dmoo-hov-skee.
Deo-te-ma.
Feh-lin-skee.
Gah-vin-skee.
- Gar-tschyn-skee,
Gah-shin-skee.
- Go-retz-kee.
gos-lav-skee.
- gosh-tchin-skee.
holo-vin-skee.
- Yah-ho-vitch.
Ya-koo-bov-skee.
- Yas-kov-skee.
Kar-pin-skee.
Klo-no-yitch
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? PRONUNCIATION OF POETS NAMES.
KOCHANOWSKI,
KNIAZN? IN, -
KONARSKI,
KONDRATOWICZ,
KORSAK (RAY),
KORSAK (JUL),
KORZENIOWSKI,
KRASICKI, -
KRASIN? SKI,
KRASZEWSKI,
KRO PIN? SKI,
LENARTOWICZ,
MALCZEWSKI, -
MIASKOWSKI,
MINASOWICZ, -
MICKIEWICZ,
MORAWSKI,
NARUSZEWICZ,
NIEMCEWICZ, -
ODYNIEC,
OLIZAROWSKI, -
OSIN? SKI,
POL, -
REY,
SARBIEWSKI, -
PRONOUNCE
Ko-HA-NOV-SKEE.
- KlN-AZ-NIN.
Ko-NAR-SKEE.
- KoN-DRAH-TOVITCH.
KOR-SAK.
- Kor- sak.
kor-zhen-ov-skee.
- Krah-sitz-kee.
Krah-sin-skee.
- Krah-shev-skee.
Kro-pin-skee.
- Leh-nar-to-vitch.
Mal-tchev-skee.
- MlAS-KOV-SKEE.
Me-nah-so-vitcu.
- MlTZ-KEH-VITCH.
Mo-RAV-SKEE.
- Na-rush-eh-vitch.
NlEM-TZE-VITCH
- O-DEE-NETZ.
O- LEE- ZAH-ROV-SKEE.
- O-SEEN-SKEE.
POHL.
- Rey.
Sar-biev-skee.
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? PRONUNCIATION OF POETS NAMES.
SIENKIEWICZ,
S? OWACKI,
SZYMONOWICZ,
TREMBECKI,
UJEJSKI,
WASILEWSKI, -
WENGIERSKI,
WITWICKI,
WORONICZ, -
WYBICKI, -
ZALESKI,
ZAN, -
ZIMOROWICZ,
ZMIECHOWSKA,
ZMORSKI,
PRONOUNCE
- Sein-keh-vitch.
Slo-vatz-kee.
- She-mo-no-vitch.
Trem-betz-kee.
- ooy-ey-skee.
Yah-see-lehv-skee.
- Yen-gher-skee.
YlT-VITZ-KEE.
- Yo? -RO-NITCH.
Ye-bitz-kee.
- Zah-les-kee.
Zahn.
- Ze-mo-ro-vitch.
Zmee-hov-skah.
- Zmor-skee.
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? INTRODUCTION.
It has been said that the most interesting phenome-
non in the history of a people is the rise and progress
of its literature. As in an individual man, so it is
likewise in a nation, life manifests itself in a twofold
manner: in action and in word. A wise man of an-
tiquity once said to an individual unknown to him:
" Speak, that I may know you. " Thus we can address
ourselves to every civilized people -- "show us your
literature, that we may judge of the actual state of your
civilization, your character and your general qualifi-
cations. "
11
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? 12 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
It is not enough that a nation has a literature of
its own, and that she sets it in sight of the progression
of humanity. It is not enough that she has actors
appearing on the scene of learning and knowledge;
a nation which has a desire to live and to advance with
proper dignity to her destiny must also have specta-
tors, hearers and learners in the grand school of social
vitality. In these lies her hope that she will not fall,
and that she will develop.
People are but collective units arising from individ-
ual or single beings united by force of nationality,
laws, inherent powers and actions. They grow and
nourish in accordance with their natural elements and
its development -- and this development is the flower
and the most beautiful crown of its existence.
As every nation is but a part of the grand division
of the human society which it influences by its own
characteristics, so is the literature of each nationality
a part of the general enlightenment -- which, circulating
around according to its strength and spirit, tends in
the same direction, and contributes toward making the
whole human kind more enlightened and more happy.
The literature of such people is a record of their
spiritual existence, and hence it becomes their duty --
a duty which they owe to themselves and the country
of their birth -- to disseminate it, though it be in an
humble way, among the nations of the earth. Placed
in an apotheotic light on the heights of time, encom-
passing the past and the future, it points out the
direction, the mind and the feelings of the people from
whose hearts it sprung -- at the same time erecting im-
perishable monuments for them which neither passing
misfortunes nor the relentless hand of time can ever
obliterate.
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? INTRODUCTION. 13
Years ago there existed a great nation -- great in
achievements -- noble in her bearing toward her neigh-
bors -- a warlike and chivalrous people, who once
commanded the respect and admiration of the world.
That nation was Poland. Since she began to play an
important role in the history of nations she could
count over 1,500 literary names, many of which were
at the time , and are now, illustrious in the annals not
only of Poland, but of the world. Prostrate, parti-
tioned, suffering, and blotted out as it were from
existence, she awaits the fulfillment of her destiny.
Fate sometimes strikes nations as it does individuals,
but hope in her case, though it may seem futile to
other nationalities, never forsakes the sorrowing hearts
of her children. Scattered though they are through-
out the confines of the habitable globe, they have
never ceased to wait, to hope, and to trust, that she
will once more be resuscitated, resurrected, regen-
erated, and once more counted among the nations of
the earth! And we think that we are not mistaken
when we say that there are many noble hearts in all
nationalities who would respond to this heartfelt long-
ing with an Amen!
It is not the intent of the compiler and editor of
this work to go into a diffuse history of Polish litera-
ture; his resources being rather limited, he must do
as best he can. The purpose of this volume is only to
take a cursory glance, and to present to the American
public the names of some of the most distinguished
Polish poets, with short biographical sketches and
some specimens of their productions translated into the
English language -- some of which may not be equal to
the originals in the easy flow of language and the
beauty of expression. The Polish tongue may seem to
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? 14 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
other nationalities as somewhat harsh and discordant,
but in reality it is one of the most flowery, expressive,
and harmonious languages extant. No language can
excel it in heroic verse, nor claim preeminence over it
in the expression of sentiment.
Although the editor has written and translated a
goodly part of The Poets and Poetry of Poland, he
availed himself of some translations of Dr. John
Bowring, a distinguished English litterateur, and of
Dr. Thomas D. English, an American gentleman of
eminent poetical talent. He also cheerfully acknowl-
edges assistance and advice of friends well experienced
in literary matters.
In presenting this work to the public the editor
can truthfully state that he has been patiently waiting
for thirty years for some of his learned and able coun-
trymen to come to the front with a work on "the
Poets and Poetry of Poland," but up to this period no
one has yet appeared, so this important task has fallen
to his lot. He cheerfully accepts the situation, and
in offering this to the American People and to his
countrymen, he regrets that the collection is not more
complete and not more satisfactory to himself -- for he
can proclaim to the world, without any egotistical feel-
ing of nationality, but in all the sincerity of his heart,
that Polish literature is a deep mine of precious treas-
ure, although outside of its own people it has been
known but little heretofore. There may have been
impediments to cause this delay, but as the world
advances in knowledge and general enlightenment these
hidden treasures will be unearthed and brought to
light.
This volume only points out the place where it
lies inert, and fortunate will be the hand that will in
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