'Est autcm
perafiohfi in nniversum repentina, temeraria et varia mutatio;
undo-roots status mutatus quidem, sed firmus' (Voemel ed.
perafiohfi in nniversum repentina, temeraria et varia mutatio;
undo-roots status mutatus quidem, sed firmus' (Voemel ed.
Demosthenese - First Philippic and the Olynthiacs
101. rots werpaypfvous @Lht'lr'quwz 41 ? 24 T02; 1re1rp. e? av-rdi,
a favourite construction with Demosthenes. See note on 1 ? 28
11. 261, 264.
? 111. 103. druid Sfi Seiv . . Boneeiv: 1 ? 17.
104. time: "HS Myer. (50176611) xdkhw-'ro. x-rh. , 'the best and
quickest way (of sending succours) which any one proposes, is
the way which I approve. ' For this use of times with superlative,
followed by 06701, cp. 8 ? 47 81m: {in . . dxpiflea-rdrnv . . , 001w.
Cp. also 4 ? 13 (iJS' (111 Mm Be? h-rm'ra. Kai rdxmra. 601m? 1rapa-
o'xevaafifiuai, and 14 ? 14 11')>> rapaaxevfiv, b'mus dis dpwra. Kai.
deio'ra ysvfiderai.
105. 061105 dpe? o-xei. not, which implies a superlative,
corresponds to firms--Kahho'ru. K-rh.
Irrpbg . . @e'r'rahoiig 1rpecBe? cw ne'wlrew : was this embassy
sent? and with what result? The reply to these questions is supposed by
Hartel Dem. Aritri'ige p. 535 to be contained in an inscription relating to
n Thessalian alliance, of which only a few fragments remain, CIA. n i 88.
The inscription is, however, placed by Kohler between 01. 101 (376-8 3. 0. )
and 01. 106 (35643 13. 0. ) If so, it is at least four years too early for our
purpose. It also represents the Thessalians as taking the first step, and
the Athenians as sending an embassy in return, [KlAe? UGL Si "in n-pc'aflkic
112w @s-r-mkfiw e'1ri fis'ma] followed by o'i8e fips'[9]1)cr[a. v wpe'apus], Whereas
in the text the first step is apparently taken by the Athenians. Athens
lliiidkalready7111ade an alliance with the Thesealians in 01. 104, 4 (361 3. 0. ),
ic s no. 9 .
106. i) . . ELM-fin. . . napofiuvei: relative with Fat. Indic.
of purpose (Goodwin MT. ? 505). 7005 pe? v and rods 8'
imply that the Thessalians were divided into two parties.
The schol. distinguishes these as (1) those who were ignorant
of Philip's character, (2) those who knew and feared him. It
seems better to regard them as (1) those who were eager to
receive aid in opposing Philip, and (2) those who had still to
be incited to oppose him. rain-a, probably 'informa-
tion as to the coming succours,' and not a statement of the
orator's views respecting Philip.
108. Huyao'c'ls . . Mayvqcrfas: 1 ? 13.
109. Myovs aroma-9m: 1 ? 22; 'make representations,'
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? Il ? ? 11 13 SECOND OLYNTHIAC 167'
'remonstrate'; cp. 27 ? 15, and Lys. 32 ? 12 (coupled with
iryavdK-row). This 'resolve' of the Thessalians is quoted to
prove that some at least of them already mistrust Philip, and
can be further aroused to oppose him.
? 121. 109. o-Ko'lreioee . . 1007(0) . . 141-revs p. 91 . . e? poiiow:
the ordinary F ut. Indie. in object clauses with time: or firms p. 1'7
after verbs of striving, planning, caring for, ejecting; here in
apposition t0 "rein-o, the object of o'Ko'rre'io'Be. Cp. 20 ? ll57
(after Bieoroudaa'rai) 51w: p. 97 'yevfio'ovrm ol 1repi dhh-r'lhous ? 6m,
23 ? 62 (after rpe? voiav Exew) d1rws Ke? pios e? 'a'TaL (6 lib/1. 0:) Kal-
,ufi're o'u'yXI/Bfio'eraz ,unfi'r' at? nerawom0fio'e1'ai, 19 ? ? 250, 316
(Goodwin MT. ? 339). See note on 1 ? 2 l. 19. .
112. Semvi'mv: for Bemvih/ar (thus avoiding hiatus); 24
? ? 48, 66; [42] ? 17, [43] ? 18, [48] ? 46. Benn/15w (rarer than
fielxvuar) is found in 18 ? 76, 21 ? 169, etc.
113. (iv-raw Errl. rots wpdypoo'w, 'engaged in action '; ? 16,
9 ? 2, Isocr. 3 ? 19 e? 1rl 'raTs 1rpd? eaw 611T".
114. av drrfi: Goodwin MT. ? 89, 462.
115. 6 nape. . . , 'that of'; see note on 1 ? 10.
116. 6019 . . e? 'rouporM-(a) . . Too-oi'mp piihhov, 'the more
we are deemed to excel all others in powers of speech, the more
is our speaking mistrusted by all. ' Superlative combined with
Comparative as in [50] ? 15 dog! 'yap . . airway e? vrknpwirdanv
rip! vafiv . . 'roo'oli'rq: ,U-OL whelony drbheu/as e? 'ye? ve-ro. The
double Superlative is preferred by the writer of [11] ? 23 dis
duos ,ue? v e? a'rl. X670: ,ucirmos rpdEewv damper yer/operas, 'rooor'n'rp
5e adhia'fl' 6 rape 151's hue-repair 1r6)\ews, 601,0 60ml":ch oter
rpoxeipo'ra'ra. xpfio'dai 1'63" dkhwv 'Ehhfivwv.
? 13 l. 118. 'rfiv pere? wao'w, 'the reformation,' 'the altered
state resulting from a change,' conversio, COn'UCTS'llS status;
(119) 'rfiv pew-Bohfiv (if retained), 'the act of change,'
mutatio (Poppo on Thuc. ii 48, 3, cp. vi 20, 1).
'Est autcm
perafiohfi in nniversum repentina, temeraria et varia mutatio;
undo-roots status mutatus quidem, sed firmus' (Voemel ed.
1829)
119. eta-cpe? pov'rus duds, after Scurre? ov, = dam/15110. 1. 66? .
120. strep ark, 'if any one is really to give you any heed ' ;
Soph. OT. 54, Aristoph. Av. 899, NM). 930.
121. 1rpo? ? ? et : rpooe? xew ne? hhei. Plato Rep. 56730 el
ne? hhel. dpfsw followed by si'1rep dpfcc, Isocr. 5 ? 13 ei'1rep MA-
hovol rules rpoae? Eew. ai'n'qi To" vofiv.
122. not Sfi, 'at once,' 4 ? 13.
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? 168 SECOND 0L YNTHIAC II ? ? 13, 14
123. 'rd. o'uppaxixd: Philip's 'alliances,' or 'allied forces. '
drfic'rws lxov'ru, 'untrustworthy,' 'precarious. '
? 14 l. 127. (thus, 'on the whole,' 'to speak roundly' (K. );
? 7,1? 5,3? 35,8? 42,etc.
128. e? v wpocafiku, 'as an accessory' ('addition,' 'adjunct,'
'make-weight'); addilamnlum (Cic. p'ro Sealio 31). Cp. e? v
wape? p'yqo (Thuc. vi 69, Soph. Phil. 473), e? v ddmfipn'rl. (H p.
Ema. col. 36, 25), ? 11 napaka'rafifikn (P01 1). v 74, 5). 'he
version of the text in [11] ? 8 has e? v pgv wpocO-flx'qs pe? pet,
also found in 3 ? 31 and 21 ? 165; cp. 23 ? 148 oi) 11017;" e? v
Mimi/cares #e? pez, and 2 ? 18. pepis . . of: pmpd, 'no
small aid' or 'advantage'; 21 ? 184 e? a-rw . . lie-7dth ro'is
ddtxoiicrw dmwl. [Lepls Kal rheoveilo, 1'] 1651/ finere? pwv 1p61rwv
rpabrns, and ib. ? 70.
129. inrfipfie: sc. ,uepls or? mxpd. It may also be taken
absolutely, praesto fuit, ium't, as in 18 ? 174 brapxe? vrwv
817/341. le 'DLM'mrtp, 19 ? 54 To Tell (Plhnr'lrov brdpxew ai'rroi's
wetafifivat, Xen. Amb. i 1, 4 Hapt'la'a'rzs . . urfipfe 71,8 Kupq'.
This is supported by the verbs in the parallel clauses, e? ? dv17
and (1501501706. ? 11 Tipofle? ov, 'in the time of (or 'under ')
Timotheus,' who was joined by Pcrdiccas, king of Macedonia,
in an expedition against the Olynthian confederation, in the
course of which he captured Poteidaea and Torone (364 11. 0. )
Diodor. xv 81 ; Grote c. 79 vii 263.
180. npbg Ho-rei8atav: ? 7, 1 ? 12. In the speech against Aristo-
crates (delivered 352 no. ) Demosthenes treats the capture of Poteidaca as
mainly the work of Philip (28 ? 107); in the second Olynthiac he speaks as
if Philip had been a secondary agent, a useful adjunct to the Olynthians in
the siege. The first representation, delivered two or three years before
the second, is doubtless the more correct (Grote c. 86 vii 667).
131. e? ddvq n, 'proved of some importance. ' roi'rro:
the Macedonian power. WWI-Md'IGPOV1 01'"! MM: 'ruu.
'yeve? aevov (schol); an exceptional sense (obviated by Madvig's
unctuation). In the only other passages in which it is found
in Demosthenes (3 ? 18, 19 ? 180) it is used in neut. pl. of two
things taken together. vwi: with past tense, 'quite
lately. ' Cp. Shilleto on 19 ? 65 p. 361 (in 11011 mpwbaeaa.
132. @errako'is: Dat. after may". voo'oiia-i, 'divided
by faction,' 9 ? ? 12, 50 ; 18 ? 45, Plato Rep. 470 c, 556 E, Aristot.
Coast. of Athens 6 ? 4. ? 1rl 'rfiv 'rupavvmfiv otxtav, 'the
ruling house ' of the tyrants of Pherae, as represented by
Lycophron and Peitholaiis, 1 ? 13.
'Such a reinforcement so completely altered the balance of Thessalian
power, that Lykophron in his turn was compelled to entreat aid from
Onomarchus and the Phokians' Grote c. 87 viii 19 (cp. 47 f). Thirlwall
v 279, ASchaefer i 506 9.
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? II ? ? 14, 15 SECOND OLYNTHIAC' 169
133. 81ml. n5 dv 01pm wpowdfi : Goodwin MT. ? 218.
134. Kdv pmpc'w Silvapw, 'a force, however small'; Soph.
El. 1482 dhha'. ,uor 1rd. ch Kdv 0/1. ":pr el1re'iv. Kdv=Kal GM 11:
1rpoa0f] (Goodwin MT. ? 228). It is assumed that the forces
on both sides are practically equal to begin with. For the
general sense cp. Isocr. 4 ? 139 e? v 'yap 'rois Tome-rots Karpois
rohthLs #eral. dun/duets ,ue'ydhas ponds e? rolno'av. 1rd. v'r(u):
cogn. Acc. after (beheld, 'it gives every help,' ' helps deeisively,'
'is undoubtedly useful' (K.
