Philip, by whom he was treated with unexpected His other poem, called 'Anetipápuasa,
consists
of .
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - b
(Athen.
ll.
cc.
) Six epi-
xiv. passim. Fabricius has given a minute account grams ascribed to him, the fourth very doubtfully,
of the works of Nestorius and of the ancient are inserted in the Anthologia of Jacobs (vol. i.
writers on the Nestorian controversy. ) (J. C. M. ] p. 205, vol. xiii. p. 921 ; comp. Fabric. Bibl. Graec.
NESTUS. (NESSUS, No. 1. )
vol. iv. p. 484).
(W. M. G. )
NICAEA (Nirala), a nymph, the daughter of NICA'GORAS (Nurayópas), historical. 1. A
the river god Sangarius and Cybele. She was Messenian, connected by the ties of hospitality
beloved by a shepherd, Hymnus, and killed him, with Archidamus, king of Sparta. When Archi-
but Eros took vengeance upon her, and Dionysus, damus fled into Messenia, Nicagoras provided him
who first intoxicated her, made her mother of with a dwelling and all necessaries; and when
Telete, whereupon she hung herself. Dionysus Cleomenes held out hopes to Archidamus of his
called the town of Nicaea after her. (Nonnus, restoration, Nicagoras conducted the negotiations,
Dionys. xvi. ; Memnon, ap. Phot. Bibl. p. 233, ed. and in the end accompanied bim back to Sparta.
Bekker. )
(L. S. ] Archidamus was put to death by Cleomenes, but
NICAEA (Nirala). 1. Daughter of Antipater, Nicagoras was spared. Having subsequently met
was sent by her father to Asia to be married to Cleomenes at Alexandria, when compelled to fly
Perdiccas, B. C. 323, at a time when the former to the court of his friend Ptolemy Euergetes
still hoped to maintain friendly relations with the [CLEOMENES, Vol. I. p. 795), Nicagoras en-
regent. Perdiccas, though already entertaining deavoured to avenge the death of Archidamus
hostile designs, married Nicaea : but not long af- by inducing Sosibius to charge Cleomenes with
terwards, by the advice of Eumenes, determined to conspiring against the king's life. Cleomenes was
divorce her, and marry Cleopatra instead. This placed in confinement, but afterwards escaped.
step, which he took just before setting out on his (Polyb. v. 37, &c. ; Plut. Agis et Cleom. p. 821, b. )
expedition to Egypt, led to an immediate rupture 2. A. Rhodian, who, with Agesilochus and
between bim and Antipater. (Arrian, ap. Phot. 70, Nicander, was twice sent on an embassy to the
a b; Diod. xviii. 23. ) We hear no more of Ni- Romans, in B. c. 169, to Rome, and in B. c. 168,
caea for some time, but it appears that she was to the consul Aemilius Paullus in Macedonia. See
afterwards - though at what period we know not A GESILOCHUS, Vol. I. p. 70. (Polyb. xxviii. 2.
- married to Lysimachus, who named after her 14. )
(C. P. M. ]
the city, so celebrated in later times, on the Ascanian NICA GORAS, literary. An Athenian sophist,
lake in Bithynia. (Strabo. xii. p. 565 ; Steph. the son of the rhetorician Mnesaeus, who lived in
Byz. 6. ο. Νίκαια. )
the time of the emperor Philippus. He wrote an
2. Wife of Alexander, tyrant of Corinth during account of the lives of various illustrious men (Biot
the reign of Antigonus Gonatas. After the death Moyluwr), of Cleopatra of the Troad, and a speech
of her husband, who was thought to have been composed on the occasion of an embassy to the
poisoned by the command of the Macedonian king, emperor. He had a son named Minucianus.
Nicaea retained possession of the important fortress The writings of Minucianus (see above, p. 1092, a]
of Corinth: but Antigonus lulled her into security are sometimes erroneously attributed to his son
by offering her the hand of his son Demetrius in Nicagoras. (Suidas, 8. vo. MIVOukiavós, Nikayópas ;
marriage, and took the opportunity during the Philostr. Vit. Soph. II. Aspas. extr. ) (C. P. M. ]
nuptial festivities to surprise the citadel. (Plut. NICANDER (Nikavopos), historical. 1. A
Arat 17 ; Polyaen. iv. 6. § 1. ) She is probably the king of Sparta, the eighth of the family of the
same person mentioned by Suidas (s. v. Eupopſwv) as Proclidae," the son of Charilaus, and the father
patronising the poet Euphorion, though that author of Theopompus. He was contemporary with Tele-
calls her husband ruler of Euboea, instead of Corinth. clus, and reigned twenty-eight or twenty-nine
3. There is a Nicaea mentioned by Livy years, about B. C. 809_770. (Pausan. iii. 7. § 4.
(XXXV. 26), as the wife of Craterus (i. e. probably See Clinton, Fasti Hell. vols. i. and ii. ) Some of
the brother of Antigonus Gonatas of that name), of bis sayings are preserved by Plutarch (Lacon.
whom nothing more is known. (E. H. B. ] Apophthegm. vol. ij. p. 155, ed. Tauchn. )
NICAEARCHUS, & painter, whose age and 2. A piratical captain (archipirata) in the em-
country are unknown, painted Venus among the ployment of Polyxenidas, the commander of the
Graces and Cupids, and Hercules sad in repent- feet of Antiochus, against Pausistratus, the Rho
ance for his madness. (Plin. xxxv. 11. s. 40. & dian admiral, B. c. 190. (Liv. xxxvii. 11. )
36. )
[P. S. ) 3. An Aetolian, who, when his countrymen
NICAEAS, bishop of Aquileia, about the middle were endeavouring to organize a coalition against
of the fifth century, is spoken of under NICETAS, the Romans, was sent as ambassador to Philip V. ,
king of Macedonia, B. C. 193, to urge him to join
NICAE'NETUS (Nikalvetos), an epigrammatic the league, but without effect. (Liv. xxxv. 12. )
poet, was, according to the conjecture of Jacobs Two years later, B. c. 191, he was sent, together
(Anthol. Graec, vol. xii. p. 921), a native of Ab- with Thoas, to beg the assistance of Antiochus the
dera, but had settled in Samos. Athenaeus (xiii. Great, king of Syria By extraordinary diligence
å
p. 1185.
4F 3
## p. 1174 (#1190) ##########################################
1174
NICANDER.
NICANDER. '
3. Tad
quoted
4. 'Er
fire bo
Athen
(Meta:
vas pe
US a
(Macr
Ευράτ
Atben
'Abus)
by th
in at
on the
tarch
Tauch
Suidas
passa:
Harpo
thoug
third
λισσο
Nican
verse,
(pp. 2
Ther,
sixth
Περί
same
“The
he accomplished his task, and returned from merous absurd fables, which do not require to be
Ephesus to Phalara, on the Maliac Gulf, within particularly specified here. Haller callo it " longa,
twelve days. After falling into the hands of incondita, et nullius fidei farrago" (Biblioth. Bolan. ).
Philip, by whom he was treated with unexpected His other poem, called 'Anetipápuasa, consists of .
kindness, he reached Hypata just at the moment more than six hundred lines, written in the same
when the Aetolians were deliberating about peace, metre, is dedicated to a person named Protagoras,
and by bringing some money from Antiochus, and and treats cf poisons and their antidotes : of this
the promise of further aid, he succeeded in per- work also Haller remarks,"descriptio vix ulla,
suading them to refuse the terms proposed by the symptomata fuse recensentur, et magna farrago et
Romans. (Liv. xxxvi. 29 ; Polyb. xx. 10, 11. ) incondita plantarum potissimum alexipharmacarum
In B. c. 190 he was appointed praetor (or Etpa- subjicitur. ” A full analysis of the medical portions
qoyós) of the Aetolians (Clinton, Fusti Hell. ), of both these works may be found in Mr. Adams's
and endeavoured in vain to force the consul, M. Commentary on the fifth book of Paulus Aegineta.
Fulvius Nobilior, to raise the siege of Anibracia Among the ancients his authority in all matters re-
(Liv. xxxviii. 1, 4–6; Polyb. xxii. 8, 10), uſter lating to toxicology seems to have been considered
which he was sent as ambassador to Rome, with high. His works are frequently quoted by Pliny
Phaeneas, to settle the terms of peace. (Polyb. (H. N. xx. 13, 96, xxii. 15, 32, xxvi. 66, xxx. 25,
xxii, 13. ) We hear no more of him, but that, as xxxii. 22, xxxvi. 25, xxxvii. 11, 28), Galen (de
he was ever afterwards favourably inclined towards Hippocr. et Plat. Decr. ii. 8, vol. v. p. 275, de Locis
the royal family of Macedonin, because of Philip's Affect. ii. 5, vol. viii. p. 133, de Simpl. Medicum.
kindness to him, he fell under the displeasure of Temper. ac Facult. ix. 2. & 10, X. 2. § 16, vol. xii.
the Romans on that account during their war with pp. 204, 289, de Ther, ad Pis. cc. 9, 13, vol. xiv.
Perseus, B. c. 171–168, and that he was sum- pp. 239, 265, Comment, in Hippocr. “ De Artic. "
moned to Rome, and died there. (Polyb. xx. 11, . 38, vol. xviii. pt. i. p. 537), Athenaeus (pp.
xxvii. 13, xxviii. 4, 6. )
66, 312, 366, 649, &c. ), and other ancient wri-
4. One of the ambassadors from Rhodes to ters ; and Dioscorides, Aëtius, and other medical
Rome, with Agesilochus and Nicagoras, probably authors have made frequent use of his works.
B. C. 169. (Polyb. xxviii. 2, 14. ) [W. A. G. ) Plutarch, Diphilus and others wrote commentaries on
NICANDER (Niravapos), literary. 1. The his “Theriaca” (DIPHILUS), Marianus paraphrased
author of two Greek poems that are still extant, and it in iambic verse (MARIANUS), and Eutecuius
of several others that have been lost. His father's wrote a paraphrase in prose of his two principal
name was Damnaeus (Eudoc. Viol. ap. Villoison's poems, which is still extant. On the subject of his
Anecd. Gr. vol. i. p. 308, and an anonymous Greek life poetical merits the ancient writers were not well
of Nicander), though Suidas (probably by some over agreed ; for though (as we have seen) a writer in
sight) calls him Xenophanes (s. v. Níxavopos), and the Greek Anthology compliments Colophon for
he was one of the hereditary priests of Apollo Clarius being the birth-place of Homer and Nicander, and
(CLARIUS), to which dignity Nicander himself Cicero praises (de Orat. i. 16) the poetical manner
succeeded (comp. Nicand. Alexiph. v. 11). He was in which in his “ Georgics" he treated a subject of
born at the small town of Claros, near Colophon in which he was wholly ignorant, Plutarch on the
Ionia as he intimates himself (Ther. in fine), other hand (de Aut. Poët. c. 2, vol. i. p. 36, ed.
whence he is frequently called Colophonius (Cic. Tauchn. ) says that the “ Theriaca," like the poems
de Orat. i. 16 ; Suid. &c. ), and there is a Greek of Empedocles, Parmenides, and Theognis, have
epigram (Anthol. Gr. ix. 213) complimenting Colo- nothing in them of poetry but the metre. Modern
phon on being the birth-place of Homer and critics have differed equally on this point; but
Nicander. He was said by some ancient authors practically the judgment of posterity has been pro
to have been born in Aetolia, but this probably nounced with sufficient clearness, and his works
arose from his having passed some time in that are now scarcely ever read as poems, but merely con-
country, and written a work on its natural and sulted by those who are interested in points of zoolo-
political history. He has been supposed to have been gical and medical antiquities :-how opposite a fate
a contemporary of Aratus and Callimachus in the to that which has befallen Virgil's Georgics ! In re-
third century B. Cu, but it is more probable that he ference to his style and language Bentley calls him,
lived nearly a century later, in the reign of Ptolemy with great truth, “antiquarium, obsoleta et casca
V. (or Epiphanes), who died B. c. 181, and that verba studiose venantem, et vel sui saeculi lectoribus
the Attalus to whom he dedicated one of his lost difficilem et obscurum. ” (Cambridge Museum Cri-
poems was the last king of Pergamus of that name, ticum, vol. i. p. 371. )
who began to reign B. C. 138 (Anon. Gr. Life of The following are the titles of Nicander's lost
Nicander, and Anon. Gr. Life of Aratus). If works, as collected by Fabricius (Bibl. Gr. vol. iv.
these two dates are correct, Nicander may be sup- p. 348, Harles): 1. Airwniká, a prose work, con-
posed to have been in reputation for about fifty sisting of at least three books ; quoted by Athe-
years cir. B. c. 185—135 (see Clinton's Fasti Hell.
naeus (pp. 296, 477), Macrobius (Saturn. 5. 21),
vol. iii. ). He was a physician and grammarian, Harpocration (Lex. s. v. Ootiov), and other
as well as a poet, and his writings seem to have writers. * 2. Cewprixá, a poem in hexameter verse,
been rather numerous and on various subjects. consisting of at least two books, of which some
The longest of his poems that remains is name long fragments remain ; mentioned by Cicero (de
Onpiaká, and consists of nearly a thousand hex Oral i. 16), Suidas, and others, and frequently
ameter lines. It is dedicated to a person named quoted by Athenaeus, (pp. 52, 133, 371, &c. ).
Hermesianax, who must not be confounded with
the poet of that name. It treats (as the name im- Fabricius and Schweighaeuser (Athen. p. 329,
plies) of venomous animals and the wounds in and“ Ind. Auctor. ") reckon among Nicander's
ficted by them, and contains some curious and works a poem called BowtiakÓS, but this is wrong.
interesting zoological passages, together with nu- | See Dindorf's Athen. l. c. and“ Ind. Scriptor. "
Ποιητ
tried
(Cran
Προ,
amete
tenth
Taet.
πάντε
Ni
toget!
first
Vene
separ
Both
Ja.
Tbe
parar
peare
The
hitbe
lished
and
a La
Ente
ment
is tha
and
classi
F. S.
finish
Cam
with
of a
parer
“
theo
aense
Athe
## p. 1175 (#1191) ##########################################
NICANDER:
1175
NICANOR.
1
$
le
3. racodau, a work in at least three books ; | served in the British Museum. (Fabric. Bibl. Gr.
quoted by Athenaeus (p. 288) and other writers. vol. iv. p.
xiv. passim. Fabricius has given a minute account grams ascribed to him, the fourth very doubtfully,
of the works of Nestorius and of the ancient are inserted in the Anthologia of Jacobs (vol. i.
writers on the Nestorian controversy. ) (J. C. M. ] p. 205, vol. xiii. p. 921 ; comp. Fabric. Bibl. Graec.
NESTUS. (NESSUS, No. 1. )
vol. iv. p. 484).
(W. M. G. )
NICAEA (Nirala), a nymph, the daughter of NICA'GORAS (Nurayópas), historical. 1. A
the river god Sangarius and Cybele. She was Messenian, connected by the ties of hospitality
beloved by a shepherd, Hymnus, and killed him, with Archidamus, king of Sparta. When Archi-
but Eros took vengeance upon her, and Dionysus, damus fled into Messenia, Nicagoras provided him
who first intoxicated her, made her mother of with a dwelling and all necessaries; and when
Telete, whereupon she hung herself. Dionysus Cleomenes held out hopes to Archidamus of his
called the town of Nicaea after her. (Nonnus, restoration, Nicagoras conducted the negotiations,
Dionys. xvi. ; Memnon, ap. Phot. Bibl. p. 233, ed. and in the end accompanied bim back to Sparta.
Bekker. )
(L. S. ] Archidamus was put to death by Cleomenes, but
NICAEA (Nirala). 1. Daughter of Antipater, Nicagoras was spared. Having subsequently met
was sent by her father to Asia to be married to Cleomenes at Alexandria, when compelled to fly
Perdiccas, B. C. 323, at a time when the former to the court of his friend Ptolemy Euergetes
still hoped to maintain friendly relations with the [CLEOMENES, Vol. I. p. 795), Nicagoras en-
regent. Perdiccas, though already entertaining deavoured to avenge the death of Archidamus
hostile designs, married Nicaea : but not long af- by inducing Sosibius to charge Cleomenes with
terwards, by the advice of Eumenes, determined to conspiring against the king's life. Cleomenes was
divorce her, and marry Cleopatra instead. This placed in confinement, but afterwards escaped.
step, which he took just before setting out on his (Polyb. v. 37, &c. ; Plut. Agis et Cleom. p. 821, b. )
expedition to Egypt, led to an immediate rupture 2. A. Rhodian, who, with Agesilochus and
between bim and Antipater. (Arrian, ap. Phot. 70, Nicander, was twice sent on an embassy to the
a b; Diod. xviii. 23. ) We hear no more of Ni- Romans, in B. c. 169, to Rome, and in B. c. 168,
caea for some time, but it appears that she was to the consul Aemilius Paullus in Macedonia. See
afterwards - though at what period we know not A GESILOCHUS, Vol. I. p. 70. (Polyb. xxviii. 2.
- married to Lysimachus, who named after her 14. )
(C. P. M. ]
the city, so celebrated in later times, on the Ascanian NICA GORAS, literary. An Athenian sophist,
lake in Bithynia. (Strabo. xii. p. 565 ; Steph. the son of the rhetorician Mnesaeus, who lived in
Byz. 6. ο. Νίκαια. )
the time of the emperor Philippus. He wrote an
2. Wife of Alexander, tyrant of Corinth during account of the lives of various illustrious men (Biot
the reign of Antigonus Gonatas. After the death Moyluwr), of Cleopatra of the Troad, and a speech
of her husband, who was thought to have been composed on the occasion of an embassy to the
poisoned by the command of the Macedonian king, emperor. He had a son named Minucianus.
Nicaea retained possession of the important fortress The writings of Minucianus (see above, p. 1092, a]
of Corinth: but Antigonus lulled her into security are sometimes erroneously attributed to his son
by offering her the hand of his son Demetrius in Nicagoras. (Suidas, 8. vo. MIVOukiavós, Nikayópas ;
marriage, and took the opportunity during the Philostr. Vit. Soph. II. Aspas. extr. ) (C. P. M. ]
nuptial festivities to surprise the citadel. (Plut. NICANDER (Nikavopos), historical. 1. A
Arat 17 ; Polyaen. iv. 6. § 1. ) She is probably the king of Sparta, the eighth of the family of the
same person mentioned by Suidas (s. v. Eupopſwv) as Proclidae," the son of Charilaus, and the father
patronising the poet Euphorion, though that author of Theopompus. He was contemporary with Tele-
calls her husband ruler of Euboea, instead of Corinth. clus, and reigned twenty-eight or twenty-nine
3. There is a Nicaea mentioned by Livy years, about B. C. 809_770. (Pausan. iii. 7. § 4.
(XXXV. 26), as the wife of Craterus (i. e. probably See Clinton, Fasti Hell. vols. i. and ii. ) Some of
the brother of Antigonus Gonatas of that name), of bis sayings are preserved by Plutarch (Lacon.
whom nothing more is known. (E. H. B. ] Apophthegm. vol. ij. p. 155, ed. Tauchn. )
NICAEARCHUS, & painter, whose age and 2. A piratical captain (archipirata) in the em-
country are unknown, painted Venus among the ployment of Polyxenidas, the commander of the
Graces and Cupids, and Hercules sad in repent- feet of Antiochus, against Pausistratus, the Rho
ance for his madness. (Plin. xxxv. 11. s. 40. & dian admiral, B. c. 190. (Liv. xxxvii. 11. )
36. )
[P. S. ) 3. An Aetolian, who, when his countrymen
NICAEAS, bishop of Aquileia, about the middle were endeavouring to organize a coalition against
of the fifth century, is spoken of under NICETAS, the Romans, was sent as ambassador to Philip V. ,
king of Macedonia, B. C. 193, to urge him to join
NICAE'NETUS (Nikalvetos), an epigrammatic the league, but without effect. (Liv. xxxv. 12. )
poet, was, according to the conjecture of Jacobs Two years later, B. c. 191, he was sent, together
(Anthol. Graec, vol. xii. p. 921), a native of Ab- with Thoas, to beg the assistance of Antiochus the
dera, but had settled in Samos. Athenaeus (xiii. Great, king of Syria By extraordinary diligence
å
p. 1185.
4F 3
## p. 1174 (#1190) ##########################################
1174
NICANDER.
NICANDER. '
3. Tad
quoted
4. 'Er
fire bo
Athen
(Meta:
vas pe
US a
(Macr
Ευράτ
Atben
'Abus)
by th
in at
on the
tarch
Tauch
Suidas
passa:
Harpo
thoug
third
λισσο
Nican
verse,
(pp. 2
Ther,
sixth
Περί
same
“The
he accomplished his task, and returned from merous absurd fables, which do not require to be
Ephesus to Phalara, on the Maliac Gulf, within particularly specified here. Haller callo it " longa,
twelve days. After falling into the hands of incondita, et nullius fidei farrago" (Biblioth. Bolan. ).
Philip, by whom he was treated with unexpected His other poem, called 'Anetipápuasa, consists of .
kindness, he reached Hypata just at the moment more than six hundred lines, written in the same
when the Aetolians were deliberating about peace, metre, is dedicated to a person named Protagoras,
and by bringing some money from Antiochus, and and treats cf poisons and their antidotes : of this
the promise of further aid, he succeeded in per- work also Haller remarks,"descriptio vix ulla,
suading them to refuse the terms proposed by the symptomata fuse recensentur, et magna farrago et
Romans. (Liv. xxxvi. 29 ; Polyb. xx. 10, 11. ) incondita plantarum potissimum alexipharmacarum
In B. c. 190 he was appointed praetor (or Etpa- subjicitur. ” A full analysis of the medical portions
qoyós) of the Aetolians (Clinton, Fusti Hell. ), of both these works may be found in Mr. Adams's
and endeavoured in vain to force the consul, M. Commentary on the fifth book of Paulus Aegineta.
Fulvius Nobilior, to raise the siege of Anibracia Among the ancients his authority in all matters re-
(Liv. xxxviii. 1, 4–6; Polyb. xxii. 8, 10), uſter lating to toxicology seems to have been considered
which he was sent as ambassador to Rome, with high. His works are frequently quoted by Pliny
Phaeneas, to settle the terms of peace. (Polyb. (H. N. xx. 13, 96, xxii. 15, 32, xxvi. 66, xxx. 25,
xxii, 13. ) We hear no more of him, but that, as xxxii. 22, xxxvi. 25, xxxvii. 11, 28), Galen (de
he was ever afterwards favourably inclined towards Hippocr. et Plat. Decr. ii. 8, vol. v. p. 275, de Locis
the royal family of Macedonin, because of Philip's Affect. ii. 5, vol. viii. p. 133, de Simpl. Medicum.
kindness to him, he fell under the displeasure of Temper. ac Facult. ix. 2. & 10, X. 2. § 16, vol. xii.
the Romans on that account during their war with pp. 204, 289, de Ther, ad Pis. cc. 9, 13, vol. xiv.
Perseus, B. c. 171–168, and that he was sum- pp. 239, 265, Comment, in Hippocr. “ De Artic. "
moned to Rome, and died there. (Polyb. xx. 11, . 38, vol. xviii. pt. i. p. 537), Athenaeus (pp.
xxvii. 13, xxviii. 4, 6. )
66, 312, 366, 649, &c. ), and other ancient wri-
4. One of the ambassadors from Rhodes to ters ; and Dioscorides, Aëtius, and other medical
Rome, with Agesilochus and Nicagoras, probably authors have made frequent use of his works.
B. C. 169. (Polyb. xxviii. 2, 14. ) [W. A. G. ) Plutarch, Diphilus and others wrote commentaries on
NICANDER (Niravapos), literary. 1. The his “Theriaca” (DIPHILUS), Marianus paraphrased
author of two Greek poems that are still extant, and it in iambic verse (MARIANUS), and Eutecuius
of several others that have been lost. His father's wrote a paraphrase in prose of his two principal
name was Damnaeus (Eudoc. Viol. ap. Villoison's poems, which is still extant. On the subject of his
Anecd. Gr. vol. i. p. 308, and an anonymous Greek life poetical merits the ancient writers were not well
of Nicander), though Suidas (probably by some over agreed ; for though (as we have seen) a writer in
sight) calls him Xenophanes (s. v. Níxavopos), and the Greek Anthology compliments Colophon for
he was one of the hereditary priests of Apollo Clarius being the birth-place of Homer and Nicander, and
(CLARIUS), to which dignity Nicander himself Cicero praises (de Orat. i. 16) the poetical manner
succeeded (comp. Nicand. Alexiph. v. 11). He was in which in his “ Georgics" he treated a subject of
born at the small town of Claros, near Colophon in which he was wholly ignorant, Plutarch on the
Ionia as he intimates himself (Ther. in fine), other hand (de Aut. Poët. c. 2, vol. i. p. 36, ed.
whence he is frequently called Colophonius (Cic. Tauchn. ) says that the “ Theriaca," like the poems
de Orat. i. 16 ; Suid. &c. ), and there is a Greek of Empedocles, Parmenides, and Theognis, have
epigram (Anthol. Gr. ix. 213) complimenting Colo- nothing in them of poetry but the metre. Modern
phon on being the birth-place of Homer and critics have differed equally on this point; but
Nicander. He was said by some ancient authors practically the judgment of posterity has been pro
to have been born in Aetolia, but this probably nounced with sufficient clearness, and his works
arose from his having passed some time in that are now scarcely ever read as poems, but merely con-
country, and written a work on its natural and sulted by those who are interested in points of zoolo-
political history. He has been supposed to have been gical and medical antiquities :-how opposite a fate
a contemporary of Aratus and Callimachus in the to that which has befallen Virgil's Georgics ! In re-
third century B. Cu, but it is more probable that he ference to his style and language Bentley calls him,
lived nearly a century later, in the reign of Ptolemy with great truth, “antiquarium, obsoleta et casca
V. (or Epiphanes), who died B. c. 181, and that verba studiose venantem, et vel sui saeculi lectoribus
the Attalus to whom he dedicated one of his lost difficilem et obscurum. ” (Cambridge Museum Cri-
poems was the last king of Pergamus of that name, ticum, vol. i. p. 371. )
who began to reign B. C. 138 (Anon. Gr. Life of The following are the titles of Nicander's lost
Nicander, and Anon. Gr. Life of Aratus). If works, as collected by Fabricius (Bibl. Gr. vol. iv.
these two dates are correct, Nicander may be sup- p. 348, Harles): 1. Airwniká, a prose work, con-
posed to have been in reputation for about fifty sisting of at least three books ; quoted by Athe-
years cir. B. c. 185—135 (see Clinton's Fasti Hell.
naeus (pp. 296, 477), Macrobius (Saturn. 5. 21),
vol. iii. ). He was a physician and grammarian, Harpocration (Lex. s. v. Ootiov), and other
as well as a poet, and his writings seem to have writers. * 2. Cewprixá, a poem in hexameter verse,
been rather numerous and on various subjects. consisting of at least two books, of which some
The longest of his poems that remains is name long fragments remain ; mentioned by Cicero (de
Onpiaká, and consists of nearly a thousand hex Oral i. 16), Suidas, and others, and frequently
ameter lines. It is dedicated to a person named quoted by Athenaeus, (pp. 52, 133, 371, &c. ).
Hermesianax, who must not be confounded with
the poet of that name. It treats (as the name im- Fabricius and Schweighaeuser (Athen. p. 329,
plies) of venomous animals and the wounds in and“ Ind. Auctor. ") reckon among Nicander's
ficted by them, and contains some curious and works a poem called BowtiakÓS, but this is wrong.
interesting zoological passages, together with nu- | See Dindorf's Athen. l. c. and“ Ind. Scriptor. "
Ποιητ
tried
(Cran
Προ,
amete
tenth
Taet.
πάντε
Ni
toget!
first
Vene
separ
Both
Ja.
Tbe
parar
peare
The
hitbe
lished
and
a La
Ente
ment
is tha
and
classi
F. S.
finish
Cam
with
of a
parer
“
theo
aense
Athe
## p. 1175 (#1191) ##########################################
NICANDER:
1175
NICANOR.
1
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le
3. racodau, a work in at least three books ; | served in the British Museum. (Fabric. Bibl. Gr.
quoted by Athenaeus (p. 288) and other writers. vol. iv. p.
