Agra Fort, the
Musamman
Burj, interior
64.
64.
Cambridge History of India - v4 - Mugul Period
1
Soghor, 305
Sojat, 249, 304
Som, 323
Somnath, 242, 542
Son, 31
Sonargaon, 57; renamed Jahangir-
nagar,
190
Sondip, see Sandwip
Songarh, 381, 398
Sonnerat, 501 nn. 1 and 2
Sonpat, 322, 359
Sonpet, 143
Sonta, 508
Soron, 349
Sousa, Firia y, 484 n. 1, 489 n. 2, 498
n. 1, 495 n. 1
Spalato, 556
Spice Islands, 317
Spices, 317
Srighat, 234
Srinagar (Garhwal), 207, 228
Subarnarekha as boundary, 443
subas (provinces) of Aurangzib, 315-
16
## p. 688 (#730) ############################################
688
INDEX
>
Subhanji, 297
Sufi, Sufism, 119, 120, 130, 210, 217
n. 2; banned by Aurangzib, 232
Sugarcane, 460, 468
Sukhotai, 488
Sukkur, 570
Sulaiman Kararani (of Bengal), 90,
92, 99, 108, 110
Sulaiman Khan (Sur), 45, 46
Sulaiman Mirza (of Badakhshan),
41; besieges Kabul, 71; again mar-
ches on Kabul, 85; marries his
daughter to Muhammad Hakim, 86;
loses his country, visits Akbar and
departs for Mecca, 115; his dis-
putes with Shah Rukh, 134
Sulaiman Shukoh, 211, 215, 222, 227,
228
sul-ghul, 12
sulh-i-kull, 76, 153
Sultan, Shaikh, 144
Sultan Ahmad Khan, 3
Sultan Husain (Mir Malang), 301
Sultan Husain Baiqara, 1, 3, 5
Sultan Khvaja, 121, 123
Sultan Mahmud Khan, 3
Sultan Muhammad (son of Aurang-
zib), see Muhammad Sultan
Sultan Muhammad (Bihar Khan), 46,
47
Sultan Murad, see Murad, prince, 102
Sultanpur (Punjab), 11, 322
Sultanpur (in Deccan), 268
Sumatra, 309
Sundar Das, Maha Kavi Rai, 220
Sunni sect, 122; resent Shiah inno-
vation, 324; see also Shiah-Sunni
dissensions
Supa, 268
supari, 422
Sur (tribe) 45, 47; tombs, 528
Surajah Dowlah, see Siraj-ud-Daula,
364 and n. 2
Suraj Mal (Jat), against Bangash
Afghans, 415, 431; joins Marathas
against Abdali, 418, 447; abandons
them, 418; aids fugitives from Pani-
pat, 425; defeats Zu-'l-Fiqar Jang,
432; assists Safdar Jang's rebellion,
435; threatened by Marathas, 436;
attacked by Ahmad Shah Abdali,
438-9; shelters Ghazi-ud-din, 445
Surat, English and Dutch at, 219;
Dara Shukoh at, 226; sacked by
Shivaji, 258; first factory at, 306;
President and Council of, 307;
President transferred to Bombay
from, 308-9; English imprisoned at,
309; its importance for trade, 316
Surhurpur, 91
Surjan Rai, Raja, 77, 80, 99, 101
Surja Rao, 389
Surkhab, 239
Susa, 556
Suttee, see sati
suyurghal, 465
Swally, 309
swarajya, 395, 396, 400
Swat, 134, 135, 238
Symes, 479 n. 3, 502 n. 1, 517 n. 1
Syriam, 478; important port, 491;
taken by Arakanese, 493; held by
De Brito, 494; taken by Anaukpet-
lun, European factories at, 495;
501; raided by Siamese, 499; mas-
sacre of Burmese by Talaings at,
503; French at, 505; French expel-
led from, 506; burnt by Alaungpaya,
507
9
on
tabinan, 316
Tabinshwehti, king of Toungoo, har-
asses Arakan, 477; attacks lower
Burma, 482; annexes Pegu, attacks
Arakan, 483; invades Siam, employs
Talaings, 484; murdered, 485; his
dynasty overthrown by Talaings,
503
Taboo shedding royal blood,
499 n. 1
Taffetas, 307
Tahavvur Khan, 248, 250, 251, 252
Tahmasp I of Persia, 349
Tahmasp II of Persia, 349; exiled, 367
Taj Khan Kararani, 64, 65, 99, 112
Taj Mahall, 220, 561-6, 567
Takayutpi, 483
Talaban, 507, 508, 512
Talaings, interfere in Arakan,. 477;
royal guards in Arakan, 479; lose
## p. 689 (#731) ############################################
689
3
Tatar Khan Sarangkhani, 15
Tatta, 38; Shah Jahan defeated at,
177; mosque at, 220, 569-70; 223;
tombs at, 569
Tavernier, 271, 565, 566 and n. 1
Tavoy, 483, 509, 510
Taw Sein Ko, 519 n. 2
Taxation, under Aurangzib, 231, 241,
INDEX
Talaings (continued)
Pegu, 482; favoured by Tabinsh-
wehti, 484; rebel under Smim
Htaw, 485; crushed by Bayinnaung.
486; employed by him, 490; rebel,
ill-treated by Nandabayin and
migrate to Siam, 492; support De
Brito, 494; driven from Pegu by
Thalun, 496; law of inheritance,
497; fresh migration to Siam, 498;
conquer upper Burma, 503-4; de-
feated by Alaungpaya, 504-5; try
to retake Rangoon, 505; attacked
by Alaungpaya, 507; finally defea-
ted and dispersed, 508; 510; re-
fugees in Siam, 511; 513; rebel, 519
talati, 452 n. 1
Talegaon Dhamdhera, 387
taluq, 243
taluqas, 474
Talwandi, 223
Tamerlane, see Timur
Tamu, 509
Tanaji Malusre, 427
Tanda, captured by Mun‘im Khan,
112; headquarters of Mughuls in
Bengal, 114; 116; defended by Shu-
ja', 225, 226
Taninganwe, king of Burma, 499
Tanjore, threatened by Zu-'l-Fiqar,
293; Maratha kingdom of, 384, 408
Taping, 517
Taqarrub Khan, 321, 330
Tara Bai, places Shivaji II on throne,
295, 392; removed from adminis-
tration, 392; retires to Satara, 401;
sets up Ram Raja, 409-10; impri-
sons and denounces him, 410-11;
412
Taraori, 359
Tarbila, 10
Tarbiyat Khan, 229
Tardi Beg, 26, 27, 71, 75
Tarikh-i-Rashidi, 3, 19, 20
Tarikh-un-Navaitah, 369 n. 1
Tashkent, 4, 19
Tatar Khan Kashi, 67
Tatar Khan (Lodi), 9; attacks Mu-
ghuls, 22; raids Agra, defeated and
slain, 23
242; local and central sources, 449
Tegh Bahadur, Guru, 245
Telingana, 186
Teliyagarhi, forced by Sher Khan,
29; held by Jalal Khan, 50; cap-
tured by Mun‘im Khan, 112; held
by rebels against Todar Mal, 126;
taken by Khan A'zam, 132; held
briefly by Shuja', 225
Tembhumi, 144
Temple, Sir R. , 396, 407, 522 n. 1
Temples, newly built destroyed by
Shah Jahan, 192; turned into mos-
ques by Aura zib, 241-3; of Sikhs
destroyed, 245; destroyed in Mal-
wa, 312, 313; architecture of, 547
Tenasserim, invaded by Anaukpet-
lun, 495; held by Siamese, 500;
taken by Alaungpaya, 510
Tennant, 480 n. 3
Tenures, 452
Thabeiktaung, 476
Thalner, buildings at, 575
Thalun, king of Burma succeeds, 496;
his character and administration,
496-7
Thamada, king of Arakan, 482
Thana (near Bombay), 404, 405
Thana (near Calcutta), 308
Thanesar, battle between devotees at,
95; 322
Tharagon, 482
Thaungdut, 509
Thekyamanaung, 480
Themistocles, 68
Thihadaw, 521
Thihapate, 514, 515, 520
Thinganet, 482
Thirithudamma, king of Arakan, 479
thissaye, holy water, 504
Thorat, 380
Thun, 338, 348
44
## p. 690 (#732) ############################################
690
INDEX
rabad, Khudabad and Sukkur, 570;
of Muhammad 'Adil Shah I, 571-2;
of Ibrahim 'Adil Shah II, 573; of
Nasir Khan Faruqi, of Miran Mu-
barak Shah, 575; of Shah Nawaz
Khan, 576
Tooth, see Buddha Tooth
Torna, 268, 294, 296, 298
Toungoo dynasty, 482-504; vassal
king of, 490; with Arakan invades
Pegu, 493; taken by Anaukpetlun,
494; by Talaings, 503; dynasty over-
thrown by Talaings, 503
Trade, Roe's negotiations for, 162-3,
167; importance of Qandahar for,
170; Portuguese from Hoogly, 190;
hindered by Shah Jahan's build-
ing new Delhi, 206; Shah Jahan's
restrictions on, 218; transport dues
on abolished by Aurangzib, 231;
English factories and nature of, 306;
disputes with Mughuls, 307-9; Eu-
ropean at Surat penalised for pi-
racy, 310-11; English and Dutch in
Bengal, 311; between N. and S.
India held up by Marathas, 313;
value and nature of Mughul and
English, 316-17; rights granted to
English by Marathas in Deccan,
406; of Arakan, 480; in Burma
under Bayinnaung, 491; at Mergui,
500; at Syriam, 501
Transoxiana, held by Timurids, 1-3;
invaded by Shaibani Khan, 4;
Babur finally abandons, 8; Akbar's
design to conquer, 134; Jahangir's
plans against, 181; Janid chief of
invades Kabul, 184; changes in and
Shah Jahan's plans against, 202
Treachery of officers, 358, 375
Trichinopoly, taken by Nizam from
Raghuji, 368, 384; its previous
thwethauk, 490, 495
Tibet invaded by Mughuls, 198-9;
for Little Tibet, see Baltistan
tika, 230
Tilak, 64
Tiles, glazed, 559-60, 569
Tilpat, 243
Tilsit, 318
Tilwara, 78
Timur, 1, 2, 3, 9, 18, 297
Timur Shah Abadali, viceroy at La-
hore, 416, 445; marries Delhi prin-
cess, 438
Tin, 500-1
Tipam, 235
Tirmiz, 203
Tiruvannamalai, 276
Tobacco, 317
Tod, 101
Toda Bhim, 344
Todar Mal (Raja), in expedition
against Uzbegs, 93; revises land
revenue in Gujarat, 109, 396; be-
comes assistant minister 1573 and
minister 1582, 110; campaigns in
Bengal 112, 113; with Khan Jahan
in Bengal, 115, 116; defeats rebels
in Gujarat, 118; his strict religious
views, 119; attacks rebels in Bihar
and Bengal, 126; retrieves position
against Yusufzais, 135; death of,
138; as revenue minister, 459, 461,
462; in Bengal, 464
tola, 235
Tolls, 449 n. 1
Tombs, of 'Isa Khan, of Adham Khan,
of Sher Shah, of Hasan Khan, 526-
8; of Ghiyas-ud-din Tughluq, of
the Lodis, 527; of Islam Shah, of
Muhammad 'Adil Shah, 528, 571; of
Humayun, Muhammad Ghaus; of
Timur, Bibi Khanum, Sikandar
Lodi, 534; of Safi-ud-din, 535; of
Atga Khan, 535; of Akbar, 549-51;
of Jahangir, 551-2; of Khan Kha-
nan, 552; of I'timad-ud-Daula, 552-
3; of 'Ali Mardan Khan, of Afzal
Khan, 561; Taj Mahall, 561-6; of
Rabi'a-ud-Daurani, 567; of Safdar
Jang, 568; at Tatta, 569; at Haida-
capture by Raghuji, 384, 408
Trimbak (fort), 395
Trimbak (person), 298
Trimbak (place), 196
Trimbak Rao Dabhade, 382, 400,
401-2
Trimbak Sadashiy Purandhare, 417
Tuar (Rajputs), 116
## p. 691 (#733) ############################################
INDEX
691
Tufal Khan, 82
Tughluqabad, 71, 527
Tukaram, 221, 426
Tukaroi, 113
tulghama, 12
Tuljapur, 409
Tupayon, 499
tura, 12
Turani (or Mughul) party, decline
support to A'zam, 319; desert Kam
Bakhsh, 321; kept in background
by Bahadur Shah, 325; desert Rafi'
-ush-Shan, 326; passive at Samo-
garh, 328-9; its leaders and soldiers,
331; gaining strength under Nizam-
ul-Mulk, 341; combine with Iranis
against Sayyids, 344; Muhammad
Shah opposes it, 351; opposes com-
promise with Marathas, 335; plot
against, 363; appoints 'Azim-ullah
Khan to Malwa, 365; slighted by
Muhammad Shah, 366; 370
Turkey, at war with Shah 'Abbas,
Ulugh (or Sikandar) Mirza, 94
Uma Bai, 411
'Umarkot, 39
'Umar Shaikh Mirza, 2, 3, 4, 94
'Umdat-ul-Mulk (Amir Khan), vice-
roy of Allahabad, 363; appears at
court, 368; opposes 'Ali Muham-
mad Khan, 370; annoys Muham-
mad Shah and murdered, 371
Ummid 'Ali, 86
Umrao Singh, 109
Und, 238
ung-ghul, 12
Urganj, 229
'Usman Khan, 161
Ustad 'Isa, 562
Uzbegs, 4, 6, 7, 8; besiege Balkh, 11;
aid Kamran to invade Badakhshan,
41; 42; in Akbar's service rebel, 91,
92; defeated and pardoned, 93;
messages to Muhammad Hakim,
94; again rebel, 95; defeated near
Kara, 96; threaten Qandahar, 141;
trouble the Turks, 199; threaten
Kabul, 202; defeated by Murad
Bakhsh, 203; and by Aurangzib,
204; threaten Ghazni, 206
158; and with successor, 199; rela-
tions with Shah Jahan, 219; with
Aurangzib, 229
Turki, 344
Turkish Sultana, 542
Turktaz Khan, 381
"Twelve Mavals”, 382
'Ubaid-ullah, see Mir Jumla
'Ubaid-ullah Khan, 3, 7
Uchalan, 367
Udaipur sacked by Mughuls, 98; Rana
of submits to Shah Jahan, 207;
temples at destroyed, 242, 249; see
also Mewar
Udaji Chauhan, 401
Udaji Powar, 398, 402
Udapur, 381
Uday Singh of Chitor, 55, 82, 97, 98
Udgir, 196, 390, 417
Uighur Khan, 239, 305
Ujjain, 26, 52, 66; besieged by Mirzas,
99
Ujjainiya Rajputs, 172, 201
'Ulama defined, 113
Ulugh Beg, 3, 5
Ulugh Mirza, 94
Vaijapur, 187
Vajragarh (Rudramal), 258
Vakil-i-mutlaq, 325, 386
Valentyn, 480 n. 4
Valuation of empire, 461-2
Valudavur, 387
Vangi, 210
Vasantgarh, 273
Vazir Khan (brother of Asaf Khan),
93, 94, 118, 119
Vazir Khan (of Sultanpur), 322
Vedanta, 217 n. 2
Vellore, 276, 279, 293
Venkanna (or Akkanna), 274, 276
Verroneo, G. , 562
Vesali, 476
Vidyapur, 340
Viengchang (Linzin), 486, 514
Vijayadurg, 394
Vijayanagar, 9
Vikramaditya, title assumed by Himu,
72
## p. 692 (#734) ############################################
692
INDEX
Vikramajit, 13
Wood, 503 n. 4
Village, 451
Woollen cloth, 317
Vingurla, 283
Wroughton, 480 n. 1
Vishalgarh (Khelna), 275, 293, 296; wungyi (minister), 489
taken by Aurangzib, 298
Vishvanath, 242
Xavier, Jerome, 141
Vishvas Rao, invades Hyderabad ter-
Xenophon, 19
ritory, 389; in army against Abdali, Yadavas, 426
417, 446; 418; at Panipat, 422 ad Yadgar Mirza (of Kashmir), 140
n. 2; wounded and killed, 424
Yadgar Nasir (or Mirza), at Kalpi,
Vithal Rao, 440
31; at Delhi, 32; defeats Qutb Khan,
Vithal Shivdeo Vinchurkar, 417
34; 35; attacks Sehwan, 37; intri-
Vithoba, 426
gues with Shah Husain, 38-9; exe-
Vyakarna, 513
cuted, 41
Vyankaji (or Ekoji), 256, 403
Yahkaingminthami-egyin, 477
Ya'qub Khan, 135, 136, 138
Wa, 503
Yaqut, 147, 148
wagnakh, 272
Yaman, 229
Wagingera, 296, 298-9, 301, 321
Yashwant Rao Powar, 402, 418
Wais Mirza, see Khan Mirza
Yaw, 521
Wala Jah, 320
Yawnghwe, 487, 497
Wala Tabar, 332
Yazamanisula, 497
Wali, 15
Yazawwingyi, 500
Wandan, 298
Yazdani, 165 n. 2
Wandiwash, 290, 291, 293
Yun, 487
Wardhangarh, 298
Yung-li, 497, 499
Wareru, 486
Yunnan, 497, 499, 516, 518
Warfare, sandbags used in Rajputa- Yusuf 'Adil Shah, 271
na, 54; Indian and European me- Yusuf Khan Mirza, 95, 140
thods of contrasted, 385, 390; Yusuf Shah (of Kashmir), expelled,
change in Maratha methods of, 417; 124; summoned by Akbar, 135;
Rohilla methods at Panipat, 423; surrenders, 136; receives small
Hindu food restrictions affect, 423
post in Bihar, 138; besieges Seraen,
140, 154
Warna, treaty of, 401
Yusufzais, 10, 134, 135, 136, 137; at-
Warry, 499 n. 4, 517 n. 1
tacks Mughuls, 238; crushed by
wasi, 324
Aurangzib, 239
watan (hereditary holding), 414
Water-carrier of Chausa, 33, 44
Zabardast Khan, 312
Watson, 394
Zabauk Shah, king of Arakan, 477
wazan, 239
Zafar Jang, title of 'Abdullah Khan,
Wazirabad, 359
Sayyid (q. v. ), 331
Wazir Khan, 561
Zafar Jang, title of Salabat Jang, 387
Weights and measures, 490
Zahid Beg, 31
Vendel, X. , on Jats, 305
Zain Khan Kuka, 117, 135, 136, 137
White, 500 and n. 3
Zain-ul-Haqq, Shaikh, 302
Whitehead, R. B. , 180 nn. 1 and 2
Zakariya Khan, appointed to Punjab,
White Horse, 504
363; surrenders 'Azim-ullah Khan,
Wilks, 369 n. 1
366; sends son to court, 368; dies,
Wine, 317
370
n. 1
2
## p. 693 (#735) ############################################
INDEX
603
zakat, 316
Zamana Beg, see Mahabat Khan, 156
Zamaniya, 90, 111
Zaqqum zar, 166
Zenyaungbin, 507
Zetuwadi, 507
Zib-un-Nisa, 252, 302
zimma, 240
Zinamanaung, 480
Zinat-un-Nisa, 302
Zoroastrian tenets, 121
Zu-'l-Fiqar Jang (Sadat Khan), 372;
becomes Amir-ul-Umara, 428; sent
to Ajmer, 431; embroiled with
Jodhpur, 432; loses position, 433;
joins Safdar Jang in civil war, 435
Zu-'l-Fiqar Khan (I'tiqad Khan), be-
sieges Raigarh, 284; unsuccessful
at Gingee, 292; takes Gingee, 293;
receives title of Nusrat Jang, 296;
298; 299; 301; a leader of Irani
party and supports A'zam Shah,
319; escapes from battle in Jajau,
320; defeats Kam Bakhsh, 321;
fights Sikh rebels, 323; his intri-
gues at death of Bahadur Shah,
325; supports Jahandar Shah and
becomes minister, 326; fails in bat-
tle against Farrukh-siyar, 328;
retires to Delhi, 329; submits to
Farrukh-siyar, but strangled, 330-
1; advices restoration of Shahu, 392
Zu-'n-Nun Arghun, 3
## p. 694 (#736) ############################################
## p. 694 (#737) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate I
日回
1. Delhi, Jamali Masjid (cir. 1530)
lesenza dubsmalt
ASE
2. Delhi, Tomb of Isa Khan (1547)
## p. 694 (#738) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate II
fins
3. Delhi, Tomb of Adham Khan (dec. 1561)
4. Sasaram, Tomb of Hasan Khan Sur (cir. 1540)
## p. 694 (#739) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate III
5. Sasaram, Tomb of Sher Shah Sur (cir. 1545)
6. Sasaram, Tomb of Sher Shah Sur, Northern Entrance
## p. 694 (#740) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate IV
리
7. Delhi, Main Entrance to Purana Qil'a (cir. 1545)
8. Delhi, Qil-a-i-Kuhna Masjid in the Purana Qil'a (cir. 1545)
## p. 694 (#741) ############################################
Se
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
fa
Plate V
9, Delhi, Mihrab in the Qil-a-i-Kuhna Masjid
10. Delhi, Pendentive in the Qil'a-i-Kuhna Masjid
## p. 694 (#742) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate VI
11. Delhi, Entrance Gateway to the Khair-ul-manazil (cir. 1560)
12. Delhi, Tomb of Humayun (1564)
## p. 694 (#743) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate VII
13. Delhi, Tomb of Atga Khan (dec. 1561)
## p. 694 (#744) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate VIII
14. Jaunpur, Bridge over river Gumti (1564-8)
MEN
15. Gwalior, Tomb of Muhammad Ghaus (cir. 1564)
## p. 694 (#745) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate IX
16. Gwalior, Perforated stone screen in tomb of Muhammad Ghaus
## p. 694 (#746) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate X
17. Agra Fort
18. Agra Fort, Delhi Gate (1566)
## p. 694 (#747) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XI
18
19. Agra Fort, Jahangiri Mahall, east facade
20. Agra Fort, Jahangiri Mahall, detail of east facade
## p. 694 (#748) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XII
23
21. Agra Fort, Jahangiri Mahall, brackets in courtyard
22. Agra Fort, Jahangiri Mahall, interior of northern hall
## p. 694 (#749) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XIII
REŽE
23. Lahore, Wooden doorway of a house (16th cent. ? )
## p. 694 (#750) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. 11
Plate XIV
3:
-33
DI
40
24. Mughul miniature painting, probably depicting the construction of
the Elephant Gateway of Agra Fort (painted cir. 1580)
## p. 694 (#751) ############################################
PI
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XV
ای که اخیرا به زمین مناستیت پر مقاس سمنان سیر وب ہونے
و نیز در صورت و نیش خند رفت
2
25. Mughul miniature painting, depicting building under
construction (painted cir. 1580)
## p. 694 (#752) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XVI
26. Fathpur Sikri, Entrance gateway to palace of Jodh Bai (cir. 1572)
27. Fathpur Sikri, Jodh Bai's palace, west side of courtyard
## p. 694 (#753) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XVII
28. Fathpur Sikri, Jodh Bai's palace, west side of courtyard
29. Fathpur Sikri, House of Miriam
## p. 694 (#754) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XVIII
ORYG
31. Fathpur Sikri, Raja Birbal's house, detail of brackets
TOEN
30. Fathpur Sikri, Jodh Bai's palace, interior of
northern hall
on exterior
## p. 694 (#755) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XIX
pern
delete
32. Fathpur Sikri, Raja Birbal's house
33. Fathpur Sikri, Sultana's house
## p. 694 (#756) ############################################
Plate XX
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
W,
77
34. Fathpur Sikri, Sultana's house, carved sandstone
panel in interior
35. Fathpur Sikri, Sultana's house, carved sandstone
detail of exterior
## p. 694 (#757) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXI
36. Fathpur Sikri, the Diwan-i-Khass, interier with pillar
## p. 694 (#758) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXII
SSS
37. Fathpur Sikri, the Diwan-i-Khass
38. Fathpur Sikri, Jami' Masjid, facade (finished 1571)
## p. 694 (#759) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXIII
39. Fathpur Sikri, Jami' Masjid, central mihrab
40. Fathpur Sikri, Jami' Masjid, interior showing brackets
## p. 694 (#760) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXIV
CABO
41. Fathpur Sikri, Buland Darwaza, exterior (1575-6)
42. Fathpur Sikri, Buland Darwaza, interior view
## p. 694 (#761) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXV
43. Fathpur Sikri, Tomb of Shaikh Salim Chishti
us
44. Fathpur Sikri, Tcmb of Shaikh Salim Chishti, portico
## p. 694 (#762) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXVI
ES
45. Brindaban, Temple of Govind Deo (1590)
46. Brindaban, Temple of Govind Deo, detail of arcades
## p. xxvii (#763) ##########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXVII
€3. 0
LG
C
47. Jaipur, Amber, Courtyard of Durbar Hall
## p. xxviii (#764) #########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXVIII
48. Sikandra, Akbar's Tomb (finished 1612–13)
49. Silkandra, Akbar's Tomb, entrance gateway
## p. xxix (#765) ###########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXIX
కందాం
50. Sikandra, Akbar's Tomb, inlaid stonework on entrance gateway
51.
Sikandra, Akbar's Tomb, entrance to
chamber
## p. xxx (#766) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXX
nr.
52. Sikandra, Akbar's Tomb, upper storey
a
53. Agra, Tomb of lítimad-ud-Daula (finished 1628)
## p. xxxi (#767) ###########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXXI
54. Agra, Tomb of I'timad-ud-Daula, detail of inlay
## p. xxxii (#768) ##########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXXII
55. Agra, Tomb of I'timad-ud-Daula, river entrance gateway
56. Agra, Tomb of I'timad-ud-Daula, interior of upper storey
## p. xxxiii (#769) #########################################
Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXXIII
57. Lahore, Tomb of Jahangir at Shahdara (1627)
## p. xxxiv (#770) ##########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXXIV
REACTOS
58. Delhi, Tomb of Khan Khanan (1627)
2012 ago
59. Agra Fort, the Diwan-i-Khas
## p. xxxv (#771) ###########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXXV
60. Agra Fort, the Khass Mahall
## p. xxxvi (#772) ##########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXXVI
61. Agra Fort, the Musamman Burj
62. Agra Fort, Moti Masjid interior
## p. xxxvii (#773) #########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXXVII
63.
Agra Fort, the Musamman Burj, interior
64. Agra Fort, Moti Masjid, exterior
## p. xxxviii (#774) ########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXXVIII
ETA
65.
Lahore Fort, Shish Mahall
56. Lahore, Mosque of Wazir Khan (1634)
## p. xxxix (#775) ##########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
31751
TIIC CITADEL ON THE
"GRDAT IOGHUL
DELHI
PULT BY RANTAHAN
158-1648
AND ADDED YOBRANG
RETTRONCC
SURAL 9 BAENA BOLY
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PASANGIL. LAHORE GATE
& HAN BURJ 1 COVERO DAZAR
4 MOD MAHAL Z ARCADED STREET.
MAMMAM NATIN TAO.
DOWANIRAN PADA
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JHARSKA. ALBANIZED
& RAY AMAL. 26 KAAT OM GARDEN
9. RIVER PAMA. GARIEN OF Marc
NO YUMTAZ MORE
IL DW-I-
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HABIDED TO
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3 DEUR GARE
Plate XXXIX
67. Delhi Fort, "The Citadel of the Great Moghul” (1639-48)
## p. xl (#776) #############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XL
68.
Delhi Fort, the Diwan-i-'Am, the throne
## p. xli (#777) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XLI
69. Delhi Fort, the Diwan-i-Am
70. Delhi Fort, the Diwan-i-Khass
## p. xlii (#778) ###########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XLII
71, Delhi Fort, the Diwan-i-Khass, interior
## p. xliii (#779) ##########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XLIII
72. Delhi Fort, the Rang Mahall
73.
Delhi Fort, the Pearl Mosque
## p. xliv (#780) ###########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XLIV
BAZAN
---
74. Delhi Fort, Screen “Scales of Justice” in Rang Mahall
## p. xlv (#781) ############################################
Plate XLV
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
75.
Delhi Fort, interior of the Pearl Mosque
76.
Delhi, the Jami. Masjid (1644-58)
## p. xlvi (#782) ###########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XLVI
77. Delhi, the Jami: Masjid from the courtyard
78. Delhi, the Jamió Masjid, the mihrab
## p. xlvii (#783) ##########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XLVII
79. Agra, the Jami' Masjid (1648)
## p. xlviii (#784) #########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XLVIII
80. Agra, the Jami. Masjid from the courtyard
TO
81. Agra, the Taj Mahall, entrance gateway
## p. xlix (#785) ###########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XLIX
M
82. Agra, the Taj Mahall (begun 1632)
## p. l (#786) ##############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. 1V
Plate L
83. Agra, the Taj Mahall from the river
## p. li (#787) #############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate LI
84. Agra, the Taj Mahall, the
mosque
.
.
85. Agra, the Taj Mahall, interior
## p. lii (#788) ############################################
The Cambrilge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate LII
Fle
86. Aurangabad, Tomb of Rabi'a-ud-Daurani (cir. 1679)
Y
87. Lahore, the Jami' Masjid (Badshahi Masjid, 1674)
## p. liii (#789) ###########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate LUT
€8. Tatta, Sind, Tomb of ‘Isa Tarkhan (cir. 1640)
89. Tatta, Sind, Tomb of 'Isa Tarkhan, detail of arcade
## p. liv (#790) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate LIV
90. Tatta, Sind, Jami' Masjid (begun 1644)
il
rin
MAT
91. Bijapur, Jami' Masjid (1576)
## p. lv (#791) #############################################
Plate LF
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
92. Bijapur, Jami' Masjid, interior
STUTTE
93. Bijapur, Tomb of Sultan Muhammad (dec. 1656)
## p. lvi (#792) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate LVE
94. Bijapur, the Ibrahim Rauza, the Tomb (1627)
95. Bijapur, the Ibrahim Rauza, the Mosque
## p. lvii (#793) ###########################################
Plate LVII
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
96. Bijapur, the Mihtar Mahall, (cir. 1620)
## p. (#794) ################################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plaic LVIIT
1
97. Burhanpur, the Bibi-ki-Masjid (cir. 1590)
ಡಿ.
Ar
18. Delhi, Tomb of Nawab Safdar Jang (dec. 1754)
## p. (#795) ################################################
III
## p. (#796) ################################################
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Soghor, 305
Sojat, 249, 304
Som, 323
Somnath, 242, 542
Son, 31
Sonargaon, 57; renamed Jahangir-
nagar,
190
Sondip, see Sandwip
Songarh, 381, 398
Sonnerat, 501 nn. 1 and 2
Sonpat, 322, 359
Sonpet, 143
Sonta, 508
Soron, 349
Sousa, Firia y, 484 n. 1, 489 n. 2, 498
n. 1, 495 n. 1
Spalato, 556
Spice Islands, 317
Spices, 317
Srighat, 234
Srinagar (Garhwal), 207, 228
Subarnarekha as boundary, 443
subas (provinces) of Aurangzib, 315-
16
## p. 688 (#730) ############################################
688
INDEX
>
Subhanji, 297
Sufi, Sufism, 119, 120, 130, 210, 217
n. 2; banned by Aurangzib, 232
Sugarcane, 460, 468
Sukhotai, 488
Sukkur, 570
Sulaiman Kararani (of Bengal), 90,
92, 99, 108, 110
Sulaiman Khan (Sur), 45, 46
Sulaiman Mirza (of Badakhshan),
41; besieges Kabul, 71; again mar-
ches on Kabul, 85; marries his
daughter to Muhammad Hakim, 86;
loses his country, visits Akbar and
departs for Mecca, 115; his dis-
putes with Shah Rukh, 134
Sulaiman Shukoh, 211, 215, 222, 227,
228
sul-ghul, 12
sulh-i-kull, 76, 153
Sultan, Shaikh, 144
Sultan Ahmad Khan, 3
Sultan Husain (Mir Malang), 301
Sultan Husain Baiqara, 1, 3, 5
Sultan Khvaja, 121, 123
Sultan Mahmud Khan, 3
Sultan Muhammad (son of Aurang-
zib), see Muhammad Sultan
Sultan Muhammad (Bihar Khan), 46,
47
Sultan Murad, see Murad, prince, 102
Sultanpur (Punjab), 11, 322
Sultanpur (in Deccan), 268
Sumatra, 309
Sundar Das, Maha Kavi Rai, 220
Sunni sect, 122; resent Shiah inno-
vation, 324; see also Shiah-Sunni
dissensions
Supa, 268
supari, 422
Sur (tribe) 45, 47; tombs, 528
Surajah Dowlah, see Siraj-ud-Daula,
364 and n. 2
Suraj Mal (Jat), against Bangash
Afghans, 415, 431; joins Marathas
against Abdali, 418, 447; abandons
them, 418; aids fugitives from Pani-
pat, 425; defeats Zu-'l-Fiqar Jang,
432; assists Safdar Jang's rebellion,
435; threatened by Marathas, 436;
attacked by Ahmad Shah Abdali,
438-9; shelters Ghazi-ud-din, 445
Surat, English and Dutch at, 219;
Dara Shukoh at, 226; sacked by
Shivaji, 258; first factory at, 306;
President and Council of, 307;
President transferred to Bombay
from, 308-9; English imprisoned at,
309; its importance for trade, 316
Surhurpur, 91
Surjan Rai, Raja, 77, 80, 99, 101
Surja Rao, 389
Surkhab, 239
Susa, 556
Suttee, see sati
suyurghal, 465
Swally, 309
swarajya, 395, 396, 400
Swat, 134, 135, 238
Symes, 479 n. 3, 502 n. 1, 517 n. 1
Syriam, 478; important port, 491;
taken by Arakanese, 493; held by
De Brito, 494; taken by Anaukpet-
lun, European factories at, 495;
501; raided by Siamese, 499; mas-
sacre of Burmese by Talaings at,
503; French at, 505; French expel-
led from, 506; burnt by Alaungpaya,
507
9
on
tabinan, 316
Tabinshwehti, king of Toungoo, har-
asses Arakan, 477; attacks lower
Burma, 482; annexes Pegu, attacks
Arakan, 483; invades Siam, employs
Talaings, 484; murdered, 485; his
dynasty overthrown by Talaings,
503
Taboo shedding royal blood,
499 n. 1
Taffetas, 307
Tahavvur Khan, 248, 250, 251, 252
Tahmasp I of Persia, 349
Tahmasp II of Persia, 349; exiled, 367
Taj Khan Kararani, 64, 65, 99, 112
Taj Mahall, 220, 561-6, 567
Takayutpi, 483
Talaban, 507, 508, 512
Talaings, interfere in Arakan,. 477;
royal guards in Arakan, 479; lose
## p. 689 (#731) ############################################
689
3
Tatar Khan Sarangkhani, 15
Tatta, 38; Shah Jahan defeated at,
177; mosque at, 220, 569-70; 223;
tombs at, 569
Tavernier, 271, 565, 566 and n. 1
Tavoy, 483, 509, 510
Taw Sein Ko, 519 n. 2
Taxation, under Aurangzib, 231, 241,
INDEX
Talaings (continued)
Pegu, 482; favoured by Tabinsh-
wehti, 484; rebel under Smim
Htaw, 485; crushed by Bayinnaung.
486; employed by him, 490; rebel,
ill-treated by Nandabayin and
migrate to Siam, 492; support De
Brito, 494; driven from Pegu by
Thalun, 496; law of inheritance,
497; fresh migration to Siam, 498;
conquer upper Burma, 503-4; de-
feated by Alaungpaya, 504-5; try
to retake Rangoon, 505; attacked
by Alaungpaya, 507; finally defea-
ted and dispersed, 508; 510; re-
fugees in Siam, 511; 513; rebel, 519
talati, 452 n. 1
Talegaon Dhamdhera, 387
taluq, 243
taluqas, 474
Talwandi, 223
Tamerlane, see Timur
Tamu, 509
Tanaji Malusre, 427
Tanda, captured by Mun‘im Khan,
112; headquarters of Mughuls in
Bengal, 114; 116; defended by Shu-
ja', 225, 226
Taninganwe, king of Burma, 499
Tanjore, threatened by Zu-'l-Fiqar,
293; Maratha kingdom of, 384, 408
Taping, 517
Taqarrub Khan, 321, 330
Tara Bai, places Shivaji II on throne,
295, 392; removed from adminis-
tration, 392; retires to Satara, 401;
sets up Ram Raja, 409-10; impri-
sons and denounces him, 410-11;
412
Taraori, 359
Tarbila, 10
Tarbiyat Khan, 229
Tardi Beg, 26, 27, 71, 75
Tarikh-i-Rashidi, 3, 19, 20
Tarikh-un-Navaitah, 369 n. 1
Tashkent, 4, 19
Tatar Khan Kashi, 67
Tatar Khan (Lodi), 9; attacks Mu-
ghuls, 22; raids Agra, defeated and
slain, 23
242; local and central sources, 449
Tegh Bahadur, Guru, 245
Telingana, 186
Teliyagarhi, forced by Sher Khan,
29; held by Jalal Khan, 50; cap-
tured by Mun‘im Khan, 112; held
by rebels against Todar Mal, 126;
taken by Khan A'zam, 132; held
briefly by Shuja', 225
Tembhumi, 144
Temple, Sir R. , 396, 407, 522 n. 1
Temples, newly built destroyed by
Shah Jahan, 192; turned into mos-
ques by Aura zib, 241-3; of Sikhs
destroyed, 245; destroyed in Mal-
wa, 312, 313; architecture of, 547
Tenasserim, invaded by Anaukpet-
lun, 495; held by Siamese, 500;
taken by Alaungpaya, 510
Tennant, 480 n. 3
Tenures, 452
Thabeiktaung, 476
Thalner, buildings at, 575
Thalun, king of Burma succeeds, 496;
his character and administration,
496-7
Thamada, king of Arakan, 482
Thana (near Bombay), 404, 405
Thana (near Calcutta), 308
Thanesar, battle between devotees at,
95; 322
Tharagon, 482
Thaungdut, 509
Thekyamanaung, 480
Themistocles, 68
Thihadaw, 521
Thihapate, 514, 515, 520
Thinganet, 482
Thirithudamma, king of Arakan, 479
thissaye, holy water, 504
Thorat, 380
Thun, 338, 348
44
## p. 690 (#732) ############################################
690
INDEX
rabad, Khudabad and Sukkur, 570;
of Muhammad 'Adil Shah I, 571-2;
of Ibrahim 'Adil Shah II, 573; of
Nasir Khan Faruqi, of Miran Mu-
barak Shah, 575; of Shah Nawaz
Khan, 576
Tooth, see Buddha Tooth
Torna, 268, 294, 296, 298
Toungoo dynasty, 482-504; vassal
king of, 490; with Arakan invades
Pegu, 493; taken by Anaukpetlun,
494; by Talaings, 503; dynasty over-
thrown by Talaings, 503
Trade, Roe's negotiations for, 162-3,
167; importance of Qandahar for,
170; Portuguese from Hoogly, 190;
hindered by Shah Jahan's build-
ing new Delhi, 206; Shah Jahan's
restrictions on, 218; transport dues
on abolished by Aurangzib, 231;
English factories and nature of, 306;
disputes with Mughuls, 307-9; Eu-
ropean at Surat penalised for pi-
racy, 310-11; English and Dutch in
Bengal, 311; between N. and S.
India held up by Marathas, 313;
value and nature of Mughul and
English, 316-17; rights granted to
English by Marathas in Deccan,
406; of Arakan, 480; in Burma
under Bayinnaung, 491; at Mergui,
500; at Syriam, 501
Transoxiana, held by Timurids, 1-3;
invaded by Shaibani Khan, 4;
Babur finally abandons, 8; Akbar's
design to conquer, 134; Jahangir's
plans against, 181; Janid chief of
invades Kabul, 184; changes in and
Shah Jahan's plans against, 202
Treachery of officers, 358, 375
Trichinopoly, taken by Nizam from
Raghuji, 368, 384; its previous
thwethauk, 490, 495
Tibet invaded by Mughuls, 198-9;
for Little Tibet, see Baltistan
tika, 230
Tilak, 64
Tiles, glazed, 559-60, 569
Tilpat, 243
Tilsit, 318
Tilwara, 78
Timur, 1, 2, 3, 9, 18, 297
Timur Shah Abadali, viceroy at La-
hore, 416, 445; marries Delhi prin-
cess, 438
Tin, 500-1
Tipam, 235
Tirmiz, 203
Tiruvannamalai, 276
Tobacco, 317
Tod, 101
Toda Bhim, 344
Todar Mal (Raja), in expedition
against Uzbegs, 93; revises land
revenue in Gujarat, 109, 396; be-
comes assistant minister 1573 and
minister 1582, 110; campaigns in
Bengal 112, 113; with Khan Jahan
in Bengal, 115, 116; defeats rebels
in Gujarat, 118; his strict religious
views, 119; attacks rebels in Bihar
and Bengal, 126; retrieves position
against Yusufzais, 135; death of,
138; as revenue minister, 459, 461,
462; in Bengal, 464
tola, 235
Tolls, 449 n. 1
Tombs, of 'Isa Khan, of Adham Khan,
of Sher Shah, of Hasan Khan, 526-
8; of Ghiyas-ud-din Tughluq, of
the Lodis, 527; of Islam Shah, of
Muhammad 'Adil Shah, 528, 571; of
Humayun, Muhammad Ghaus; of
Timur, Bibi Khanum, Sikandar
Lodi, 534; of Safi-ud-din, 535; of
Atga Khan, 535; of Akbar, 549-51;
of Jahangir, 551-2; of Khan Kha-
nan, 552; of I'timad-ud-Daula, 552-
3; of 'Ali Mardan Khan, of Afzal
Khan, 561; Taj Mahall, 561-6; of
Rabi'a-ud-Daurani, 567; of Safdar
Jang, 568; at Tatta, 569; at Haida-
capture by Raghuji, 384, 408
Trimbak (fort), 395
Trimbak (person), 298
Trimbak (place), 196
Trimbak Rao Dabhade, 382, 400,
401-2
Trimbak Sadashiy Purandhare, 417
Tuar (Rajputs), 116
## p. 691 (#733) ############################################
INDEX
691
Tufal Khan, 82
Tughluqabad, 71, 527
Tukaram, 221, 426
Tukaroi, 113
tulghama, 12
Tuljapur, 409
Tupayon, 499
tura, 12
Turani (or Mughul) party, decline
support to A'zam, 319; desert Kam
Bakhsh, 321; kept in background
by Bahadur Shah, 325; desert Rafi'
-ush-Shan, 326; passive at Samo-
garh, 328-9; its leaders and soldiers,
331; gaining strength under Nizam-
ul-Mulk, 341; combine with Iranis
against Sayyids, 344; Muhammad
Shah opposes it, 351; opposes com-
promise with Marathas, 335; plot
against, 363; appoints 'Azim-ullah
Khan to Malwa, 365; slighted by
Muhammad Shah, 366; 370
Turkey, at war with Shah 'Abbas,
Ulugh (or Sikandar) Mirza, 94
Uma Bai, 411
'Umarkot, 39
'Umar Shaikh Mirza, 2, 3, 4, 94
'Umdat-ul-Mulk (Amir Khan), vice-
roy of Allahabad, 363; appears at
court, 368; opposes 'Ali Muham-
mad Khan, 370; annoys Muham-
mad Shah and murdered, 371
Ummid 'Ali, 86
Umrao Singh, 109
Und, 238
ung-ghul, 12
Urganj, 229
'Usman Khan, 161
Ustad 'Isa, 562
Uzbegs, 4, 6, 7, 8; besiege Balkh, 11;
aid Kamran to invade Badakhshan,
41; 42; in Akbar's service rebel, 91,
92; defeated and pardoned, 93;
messages to Muhammad Hakim,
94; again rebel, 95; defeated near
Kara, 96; threaten Qandahar, 141;
trouble the Turks, 199; threaten
Kabul, 202; defeated by Murad
Bakhsh, 203; and by Aurangzib,
204; threaten Ghazni, 206
158; and with successor, 199; rela-
tions with Shah Jahan, 219; with
Aurangzib, 229
Turki, 344
Turkish Sultana, 542
Turktaz Khan, 381
"Twelve Mavals”, 382
'Ubaid-ullah, see Mir Jumla
'Ubaid-ullah Khan, 3, 7
Uchalan, 367
Udaipur sacked by Mughuls, 98; Rana
of submits to Shah Jahan, 207;
temples at destroyed, 242, 249; see
also Mewar
Udaji Chauhan, 401
Udaji Powar, 398, 402
Udapur, 381
Uday Singh of Chitor, 55, 82, 97, 98
Udgir, 196, 390, 417
Uighur Khan, 239, 305
Ujjain, 26, 52, 66; besieged by Mirzas,
99
Ujjainiya Rajputs, 172, 201
'Ulama defined, 113
Ulugh Beg, 3, 5
Ulugh Mirza, 94
Vaijapur, 187
Vajragarh (Rudramal), 258
Vakil-i-mutlaq, 325, 386
Valentyn, 480 n. 4
Valuation of empire, 461-2
Valudavur, 387
Vangi, 210
Vasantgarh, 273
Vazir Khan (brother of Asaf Khan),
93, 94, 118, 119
Vazir Khan (of Sultanpur), 322
Vedanta, 217 n. 2
Vellore, 276, 279, 293
Venkanna (or Akkanna), 274, 276
Verroneo, G. , 562
Vesali, 476
Vidyapur, 340
Viengchang (Linzin), 486, 514
Vijayadurg, 394
Vijayanagar, 9
Vikramaditya, title assumed by Himu,
72
## p. 692 (#734) ############################################
692
INDEX
Vikramajit, 13
Wood, 503 n. 4
Village, 451
Woollen cloth, 317
Vingurla, 283
Wroughton, 480 n. 1
Vishalgarh (Khelna), 275, 293, 296; wungyi (minister), 489
taken by Aurangzib, 298
Vishvanath, 242
Xavier, Jerome, 141
Vishvas Rao, invades Hyderabad ter-
Xenophon, 19
ritory, 389; in army against Abdali, Yadavas, 426
417, 446; 418; at Panipat, 422 ad Yadgar Mirza (of Kashmir), 140
n. 2; wounded and killed, 424
Yadgar Nasir (or Mirza), at Kalpi,
Vithal Rao, 440
31; at Delhi, 32; defeats Qutb Khan,
Vithal Shivdeo Vinchurkar, 417
34; 35; attacks Sehwan, 37; intri-
Vithoba, 426
gues with Shah Husain, 38-9; exe-
Vyakarna, 513
cuted, 41
Vyankaji (or Ekoji), 256, 403
Yahkaingminthami-egyin, 477
Ya'qub Khan, 135, 136, 138
Wa, 503
Yaqut, 147, 148
wagnakh, 272
Yaman, 229
Wagingera, 296, 298-9, 301, 321
Yashwant Rao Powar, 402, 418
Wais Mirza, see Khan Mirza
Yaw, 521
Wala Jah, 320
Yawnghwe, 487, 497
Wala Tabar, 332
Yazamanisula, 497
Wali, 15
Yazawwingyi, 500
Wandan, 298
Yazdani, 165 n. 2
Wandiwash, 290, 291, 293
Yun, 487
Wardhangarh, 298
Yung-li, 497, 499
Wareru, 486
Yunnan, 497, 499, 516, 518
Warfare, sandbags used in Rajputa- Yusuf 'Adil Shah, 271
na, 54; Indian and European me- Yusuf Khan Mirza, 95, 140
thods of contrasted, 385, 390; Yusuf Shah (of Kashmir), expelled,
change in Maratha methods of, 417; 124; summoned by Akbar, 135;
Rohilla methods at Panipat, 423; surrenders, 136; receives small
Hindu food restrictions affect, 423
post in Bihar, 138; besieges Seraen,
140, 154
Warna, treaty of, 401
Yusufzais, 10, 134, 135, 136, 137; at-
Warry, 499 n. 4, 517 n. 1
tacks Mughuls, 238; crushed by
wasi, 324
Aurangzib, 239
watan (hereditary holding), 414
Water-carrier of Chausa, 33, 44
Zabardast Khan, 312
Watson, 394
Zabauk Shah, king of Arakan, 477
wazan, 239
Zafar Jang, title of 'Abdullah Khan,
Wazirabad, 359
Sayyid (q. v. ), 331
Wazir Khan, 561
Zafar Jang, title of Salabat Jang, 387
Weights and measures, 490
Zahid Beg, 31
Vendel, X. , on Jats, 305
Zain Khan Kuka, 117, 135, 136, 137
White, 500 and n. 3
Zain-ul-Haqq, Shaikh, 302
Whitehead, R. B. , 180 nn. 1 and 2
Zakariya Khan, appointed to Punjab,
White Horse, 504
363; surrenders 'Azim-ullah Khan,
Wilks, 369 n. 1
366; sends son to court, 368; dies,
Wine, 317
370
n. 1
2
## p. 693 (#735) ############################################
INDEX
603
zakat, 316
Zamana Beg, see Mahabat Khan, 156
Zamaniya, 90, 111
Zaqqum zar, 166
Zenyaungbin, 507
Zetuwadi, 507
Zib-un-Nisa, 252, 302
zimma, 240
Zinamanaung, 480
Zinat-un-Nisa, 302
Zoroastrian tenets, 121
Zu-'l-Fiqar Jang (Sadat Khan), 372;
becomes Amir-ul-Umara, 428; sent
to Ajmer, 431; embroiled with
Jodhpur, 432; loses position, 433;
joins Safdar Jang in civil war, 435
Zu-'l-Fiqar Khan (I'tiqad Khan), be-
sieges Raigarh, 284; unsuccessful
at Gingee, 292; takes Gingee, 293;
receives title of Nusrat Jang, 296;
298; 299; 301; a leader of Irani
party and supports A'zam Shah,
319; escapes from battle in Jajau,
320; defeats Kam Bakhsh, 321;
fights Sikh rebels, 323; his intri-
gues at death of Bahadur Shah,
325; supports Jahandar Shah and
becomes minister, 326; fails in bat-
tle against Farrukh-siyar, 328;
retires to Delhi, 329; submits to
Farrukh-siyar, but strangled, 330-
1; advices restoration of Shahu, 392
Zu-'n-Nun Arghun, 3
## p. 694 (#736) ############################################
## p. 694 (#737) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate I
日回
1. Delhi, Jamali Masjid (cir. 1530)
lesenza dubsmalt
ASE
2. Delhi, Tomb of Isa Khan (1547)
## p. 694 (#738) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate II
fins
3. Delhi, Tomb of Adham Khan (dec. 1561)
4. Sasaram, Tomb of Hasan Khan Sur (cir. 1540)
## p. 694 (#739) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate III
5. Sasaram, Tomb of Sher Shah Sur (cir. 1545)
6. Sasaram, Tomb of Sher Shah Sur, Northern Entrance
## p. 694 (#740) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate IV
리
7. Delhi, Main Entrance to Purana Qil'a (cir. 1545)
8. Delhi, Qil-a-i-Kuhna Masjid in the Purana Qil'a (cir. 1545)
## p. 694 (#741) ############################################
Se
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
fa
Plate V
9, Delhi, Mihrab in the Qil-a-i-Kuhna Masjid
10. Delhi, Pendentive in the Qil'a-i-Kuhna Masjid
## p. 694 (#742) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate VI
11. Delhi, Entrance Gateway to the Khair-ul-manazil (cir. 1560)
12. Delhi, Tomb of Humayun (1564)
## p. 694 (#743) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate VII
13. Delhi, Tomb of Atga Khan (dec. 1561)
## p. 694 (#744) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate VIII
14. Jaunpur, Bridge over river Gumti (1564-8)
MEN
15. Gwalior, Tomb of Muhammad Ghaus (cir. 1564)
## p. 694 (#745) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate IX
16. Gwalior, Perforated stone screen in tomb of Muhammad Ghaus
## p. 694 (#746) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate X
17. Agra Fort
18. Agra Fort, Delhi Gate (1566)
## p. 694 (#747) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XI
18
19. Agra Fort, Jahangiri Mahall, east facade
20. Agra Fort, Jahangiri Mahall, detail of east facade
## p. 694 (#748) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XII
23
21. Agra Fort, Jahangiri Mahall, brackets in courtyard
22. Agra Fort, Jahangiri Mahall, interior of northern hall
## p. 694 (#749) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XIII
REŽE
23. Lahore, Wooden doorway of a house (16th cent. ? )
## p. 694 (#750) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. 11
Plate XIV
3:
-33
DI
40
24. Mughul miniature painting, probably depicting the construction of
the Elephant Gateway of Agra Fort (painted cir. 1580)
## p. 694 (#751) ############################################
PI
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XV
ای که اخیرا به زمین مناستیت پر مقاس سمنان سیر وب ہونے
و نیز در صورت و نیش خند رفت
2
25. Mughul miniature painting, depicting building under
construction (painted cir. 1580)
## p. 694 (#752) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XVI
26. Fathpur Sikri, Entrance gateway to palace of Jodh Bai (cir. 1572)
27. Fathpur Sikri, Jodh Bai's palace, west side of courtyard
## p. 694 (#753) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XVII
28. Fathpur Sikri, Jodh Bai's palace, west side of courtyard
29. Fathpur Sikri, House of Miriam
## p. 694 (#754) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XVIII
ORYG
31. Fathpur Sikri, Raja Birbal's house, detail of brackets
TOEN
30. Fathpur Sikri, Jodh Bai's palace, interior of
northern hall
on exterior
## p. 694 (#755) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XIX
pern
delete
32. Fathpur Sikri, Raja Birbal's house
33. Fathpur Sikri, Sultana's house
## p. 694 (#756) ############################################
Plate XX
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
W,
77
34. Fathpur Sikri, Sultana's house, carved sandstone
panel in interior
35. Fathpur Sikri, Sultana's house, carved sandstone
detail of exterior
## p. 694 (#757) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXI
36. Fathpur Sikri, the Diwan-i-Khass, interier with pillar
## p. 694 (#758) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXII
SSS
37. Fathpur Sikri, the Diwan-i-Khass
38. Fathpur Sikri, Jami' Masjid, facade (finished 1571)
## p. 694 (#759) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXIII
39. Fathpur Sikri, Jami' Masjid, central mihrab
40. Fathpur Sikri, Jami' Masjid, interior showing brackets
## p. 694 (#760) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXIV
CABO
41. Fathpur Sikri, Buland Darwaza, exterior (1575-6)
42. Fathpur Sikri, Buland Darwaza, interior view
## p. 694 (#761) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXV
43. Fathpur Sikri, Tomb of Shaikh Salim Chishti
us
44. Fathpur Sikri, Tcmb of Shaikh Salim Chishti, portico
## p. 694 (#762) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXVI
ES
45. Brindaban, Temple of Govind Deo (1590)
46. Brindaban, Temple of Govind Deo, detail of arcades
## p. xxvii (#763) ##########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXVII
€3. 0
LG
C
47. Jaipur, Amber, Courtyard of Durbar Hall
## p. xxviii (#764) #########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXVIII
48. Sikandra, Akbar's Tomb (finished 1612–13)
49. Silkandra, Akbar's Tomb, entrance gateway
## p. xxix (#765) ###########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXIX
కందాం
50. Sikandra, Akbar's Tomb, inlaid stonework on entrance gateway
51.
Sikandra, Akbar's Tomb, entrance to
chamber
## p. xxx (#766) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXX
nr.
52. Sikandra, Akbar's Tomb, upper storey
a
53. Agra, Tomb of lítimad-ud-Daula (finished 1628)
## p. xxxi (#767) ###########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXXI
54. Agra, Tomb of I'timad-ud-Daula, detail of inlay
## p. xxxii (#768) ##########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXXII
55. Agra, Tomb of I'timad-ud-Daula, river entrance gateway
56. Agra, Tomb of I'timad-ud-Daula, interior of upper storey
## p. xxxiii (#769) #########################################
Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXXIII
57. Lahore, Tomb of Jahangir at Shahdara (1627)
## p. xxxiv (#770) ##########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXXIV
REACTOS
58. Delhi, Tomb of Khan Khanan (1627)
2012 ago
59. Agra Fort, the Diwan-i-Khas
## p. xxxv (#771) ###########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXXV
60. Agra Fort, the Khass Mahall
## p. xxxvi (#772) ##########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXXVI
61. Agra Fort, the Musamman Burj
62. Agra Fort, Moti Masjid interior
## p. xxxvii (#773) #########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXXVII
63.
Agra Fort, the Musamman Burj, interior
64. Agra Fort, Moti Masjid, exterior
## p. xxxviii (#774) ########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XXXVIII
ETA
65.
Lahore Fort, Shish Mahall
56. Lahore, Mosque of Wazir Khan (1634)
## p. xxxix (#775) ##########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
31751
TIIC CITADEL ON THE
"GRDAT IOGHUL
DELHI
PULT BY RANTAHAN
158-1648
AND ADDED YOBRANG
RETTRONCC
SURAL 9 BAENA BOLY
BRIDGET AURAYA
PASANGIL. LAHORE GATE
& HAN BURJ 1 COVERO DAZAR
4 MOD MAHAL Z ARCADED STREET.
MAMMAM NATIN TAO.
DOWANIRAN PADA
* KROGH SNOTI MASJID ALIT
JHARSKA. ALBANIZED
& RAY AMAL. 26 KAAT OM GARDEN
9. RIVER PAMA. GARIEN OF Marc
NO YUMTAZ MORE
IL DW-I-
R MUSTA
B 2206
HABIDED TO
ASAD BURG
K CITY WALL
F MORT
3 DEUR GARE
Plate XXXIX
67. Delhi Fort, "The Citadel of the Great Moghul” (1639-48)
## p. xl (#776) #############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XL
68.
Delhi Fort, the Diwan-i-'Am, the throne
## p. xli (#777) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XLI
69. Delhi Fort, the Diwan-i-Am
70. Delhi Fort, the Diwan-i-Khass
## p. xlii (#778) ###########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XLII
71, Delhi Fort, the Diwan-i-Khass, interior
## p. xliii (#779) ##########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XLIII
72. Delhi Fort, the Rang Mahall
73.
Delhi Fort, the Pearl Mosque
## p. xliv (#780) ###########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XLIV
BAZAN
---
74. Delhi Fort, Screen “Scales of Justice” in Rang Mahall
## p. xlv (#781) ############################################
Plate XLV
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
75.
Delhi Fort, interior of the Pearl Mosque
76.
Delhi, the Jami. Masjid (1644-58)
## p. xlvi (#782) ###########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XLVI
77. Delhi, the Jami: Masjid from the courtyard
78. Delhi, the Jamió Masjid, the mihrab
## p. xlvii (#783) ##########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XLVII
79. Agra, the Jami' Masjid (1648)
## p. xlviii (#784) #########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XLVIII
80. Agra, the Jami. Masjid from the courtyard
TO
81. Agra, the Taj Mahall, entrance gateway
## p. xlix (#785) ###########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate XLIX
M
82. Agra, the Taj Mahall (begun 1632)
## p. l (#786) ##############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. 1V
Plate L
83. Agra, the Taj Mahall from the river
## p. li (#787) #############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate LI
84. Agra, the Taj Mahall, the
mosque
.
.
85. Agra, the Taj Mahall, interior
## p. lii (#788) ############################################
The Cambrilge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate LII
Fle
86. Aurangabad, Tomb of Rabi'a-ud-Daurani (cir. 1679)
Y
87. Lahore, the Jami' Masjid (Badshahi Masjid, 1674)
## p. liii (#789) ###########################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate LUT
€8. Tatta, Sind, Tomb of ‘Isa Tarkhan (cir. 1640)
89. Tatta, Sind, Tomb of 'Isa Tarkhan, detail of arcade
## p. liv (#790) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate LIV
90. Tatta, Sind, Jami' Masjid (begun 1644)
il
rin
MAT
91. Bijapur, Jami' Masjid (1576)
## p. lv (#791) #############################################
Plate LF
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
92. Bijapur, Jami' Masjid, interior
STUTTE
93. Bijapur, Tomb of Sultan Muhammad (dec. 1656)
## p. lvi (#792) ############################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plate LVE
94. Bijapur, the Ibrahim Rauza, the Tomb (1627)
95. Bijapur, the Ibrahim Rauza, the Mosque
## p. lvii (#793) ###########################################
Plate LVII
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
96. Bijapur, the Mihtar Mahall, (cir. 1620)
## p. (#794) ################################################
The Cambridge History of India, Vol. IV
Plaic LVIIT
1
97. Burhanpur, the Bibi-ki-Masjid (cir. 1590)
ಡಿ.
Ar
18. Delhi, Tomb of Nawab Safdar Jang (dec. 1754)
## p. (#795) ################################################
III
## p. (#796) ################################################
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