No More Learning

A well known book on Polish mythology says: Everyone knows
that the people had changed their ancient pagan traditions of gods and
goddesses to Christian folklore, without, however, losing their original
and pagan ideas. Thus grew the wonderful tales of tie Lord Jesus,
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? 14
POLISH LITERATURE
Gawalewicz, Marjan--Continued
the Mother of God, St. Peter, and St. Nicholas, whom the peasant
imagination put in place of those ancient gods and goddesses.
This collection of legends about the Blessed Virgin reflects the devout
and simple character of the Polish peasant mind. They are un-
pretentious tales which have been entwined in the hearts of the lowly
for many generations, and are a part of their very lives. Told with the
least possible embellishment, they retain the lowly grace of their origin.
Glinski, Antoni Jozef. 1817-66
Polish fairy tales; tr. by Maude Ashurst Biggs; il. by
Cecile Walton. Lond. John Lane. 1920.
Seven tales condensed in translation.
Ledbetter, Eleanor E.
A girl queen. In Poland. 1 7:681. N. '26.
Legends associated with the life of the beloved and saintly Queerj
Jadwiga.
Strickland, William Walter
Pan-Slavonic folklore. N. Y. Westermann. 1930.
Contains a group of Polish tales from original sources.
Strowska, Susanne
Ten Polish folk tales; tr. from the French by M. O. 'Reilly;
il. by Dorothy A. H. Mills. ISOp. Lond. Burns, Oates
& Washbourne. 1929.
These stories are interestingly told, have real Polish atmosphere and
some humor, but several are rather gruesome.
Tibbits, Charles John
Folk-lore and legends: Russian and Polish. 183p. Lond.
W. W. Gibbings. 1890.
This small volume gives nine Polish tales.
Wratislaw, A. H.
Sixty folk tales from exclusively Slavonic sources. Bost.
Houghton. 1890.
Includes five Polish tales.
LITERARY HISTORY AND CRITICISM
Dobrzycki, Stanislaw
History of Polish literature. In Polish Encyclopaedia.
1:27-367.
(See p. 32. ) This work discusses Polish literary history from the
beginnings to the Romantic era. It is a brilliant piece of work, un-
surpassed in fine analysis and lucid structure.
Dyboski, Roman
The peasant in Polish literature. In Poland. 6:201. Ap.
'25. Periods of Polish literary history. 163p. Lond.
Oxford Press. 1923.
1 Poland, monthly magazine, see p. 31. As the paging of articles
in Poland is often broken, only the first page is cited.
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? IN ENGLISH TRANSLATION
15
Modern Polish literature. 131p. Lond. Oxford Press.
1924.
In these two books toe author has connected each period of Polish
literature with the social and political history of the nation. With
such a treatment, the work is not only a history of the literature, but
also of the movements of thot and feeling which lay behind the
written word.
Feldman, Jozef
Historical studies in Poland; a bibliographical survey. In
S. R. 2:660-6. Mr. '24.
Gardner, Monica M.
Poland, a study in national idealism. Lond. Burns &
Oates. 1915.
This excellent book interprets the soul of the nation by a study of
its literature.
Krzyzanowski, Juljan
Polish romantic literature. 310p. Lond. Allen and Unwin.
1930.
The author's scheme includes all the main aspects of his period,
with a brief introduction on the general character of Poland's earlier
literature. Mickiewicz, Slowacki. and Krasinski are properly given most
attention, followed by Kraszewskit Fredro, Norwid and minor writers.
He discusses literary values and interprets underlying ideas in a very
helpful way. He also shows the affinity of Poland's romantic literature
with the universal romantic movement of the century.
Two Jagiellonian prayer books. In S. R. 8:453-5. D. '29.
A review of two Polish publications of great historic interest.
Lednicki, Waclaw
Poland and the Slavophil idea. In S. R. 6:128-40. Je. '27;
7:649-68. Mr. '29.
Zielinski, Tadeusz
The peasant in Polish literature. In S. R. 1:584-97. Mr.
'23; 2:85-100. Je. '23.
CRITICISM OF INDIVIDUAL AUTHORS
Glowacki, Aleksander. Boleslaw Prus, pseud. 1847-1912
Glowacki, Sienkiewicz, and Orzeszkowa were the three out-
standing writers of their period. In S. R. 9:695-707. Mr.
'31, Professor Krzyzanowski gives an excellent review
of Glowacki's work and of his place in Polish literature.
Kasprowicz, Jan. 1860-1926
Critical sketch by Monica M. Gardner in S. R. 5:340-6.
D. '26. Review by Waclaw Borowy in S. R. 10:28-41.
Je. '31.
Kochanowski, Jan. 1530-84
In S. R. 9:224-6. Je. '30, Professor Krzyzanowski reviews
a Polish study of Kochanowski, with interesting original
comment.
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? 16 POLISH LITERATURE
Krasinski, Zygmunt. 1812-59
Gardner, Monica M. The anonymous poet of Poland,
Sigmund Krasinski. N. Y. Macmillan. 1920.
A sympathetic and understanding study of a great poet who was also
the most romantic figure of his time.
Malaczewski, Eugeniusz. 1895-1923
In S. R. 1:478-81. D. '22. Monica M. Gardner reviews
The Horse on the Hill, a book of short stories of great
distinction, written by a young Polish soldier during the
war period, on themes suggested by his experiences.
Mickiewicz, Adam. 1798-1855
Gardner, Monica M. Adam Mickiewicz, the national poet
of Poland. N. Y. Dutton. 1911.
This fine book is a good life of Poland's greatest poet, and a
competent study of his work, with many original translations included.
Perzynski, Wlodzimierz. 1878-1930
Sketch of his literary career by W. Borowy in S. R. 9:
726-8. Mr. '31.
Sienkiewicz, Henryk. 1846-1916
Gardner, Monica M. The patriot novelist of Poland,
Henryk Sienkiewicz. 291p. N. Y. Dutton. 1926.
Not a biographical study, but an account of the contents of his most
important novels. She has revealed the wonderful range and abundant
riches of his total achievement as a writer.
Skarga, Piotr. 1536-1612
A brief but illuminating review of the work of Skarga,
priest and prophet, is given by Mrs. Gardner in S. R.
5:462-3. D. '26.
Slowacki, Juljusz. 1809-49
Mitana, Tadeusz. Slowacki, man and artist. In Poland.
10:535. Ag. '29.
Wyspianski, Stanislaw. 1869-1907
Gardner, Monica M. The Polish rising in the dramas of
Wyspianski. In S. R. 9:361-74. D. '30.
Sketch by T. Zuk-Skarszewski, in Poland. 9:333-41. Je.
'28.
Zeromski, Stefan. 1864-1925
Zeromski and Reymont; an article by Professor Dyboski
in S. R. 4:552-61. Mr. '26.
"Poland'* two greatest writers of this generation in the field of the
novel. "
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? IN ENGLISH TRANSLATION 17
POLISH LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
TRANSLATION
COLLECTIONS
Benecke, Else C. M.
Tales by Polish authors. 198p. N. Y. Longmans, Green.
1915.
Benecke, Else C. M. and Busch, Marie
More tales by Polish authors. 288p. N. Y. Longmans,
Green. 1916.
Benecke, Else C. M. and Busch, Marie
-~ Selected Polish tales. (World's Classics) 348p. Lond. ,
N. Y. Oxford Press. 1925.
The contents of these three collections are indexed under the
individual authors.
Bowring, Sir John
Wybor Poezyi Polskiey. Specimens of the Polish poets
with notes and observations on the literature of Poland.
227p. Lond. The Author. 1827.
Manning, Clarence A. ed.
Slavonic literature. In Columbia University Course in
literature. Scandinavian and Slavonic literature. 1928.
Polish literature, p. 490-549.
Selver, Paul, tr.
Anthology of modern Slavonic literature in prose and
verse. 348p. Lond. Kegan-Paul; N. Y. Dutton. 1919.
Soboleski, Paul, ed.
Poets and poetry of Poland. Chic. Knight & Leonard.
1881. 2d ed. enlarged by 3 portraits, 1883.
Poets and poetry of Poland; a collection of Polish verse
including a short account of the history of Polish poetry
with 60 biographical sketches of Poland's poets and speci-
mens of their compositions, tr. into the English language;
ed. by Paul Soboleski. 3d ed. 464p. Milwaukee, Wis.
Paul Soboleski Soc. 1929. ^
This is the most comprehensive collection of Polish poetry available
in English. The editor has included the translations ox Bowring with
a larger number of his own.
Underwood, Edna Wortley, tr.
The Slav anthology. 346p. Portland, Me. Mosher Press.
1931.
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? i8
POLISH LITERATURE
Warner, Charles Dudley, ed.
Library of the world's best literature. 31v. N. Y. Inter-
national Society. 1899.
V. 31, the Index-guide, gives on p. 72-5 a "Chronological Conspectus"
of Polish literature, naming and characterizing a large number m of
authors. References are given to sketches in the Biographical section,
and to selections from Mickiewicz, Slowacki, Krasinski, and Sienkiewicz
in the body of the work.
THE GOLDEN AGE. 16TH CENTURY
Kochanowski, Jan. 1530-84
Poems; tr. from the Polish by D. P. Noyes, M. B. Pea-
cock, R. E. Merrill, H. H. Havermale, G. R. Noyes. 156p.
Berkeley. Univ. of California Press. 1928.
Contents: The Laments.
St. John's Eve.
The Dismissal of the Greek Envoys.
St. John's Eve; tr. by G. R. Noyes and M. B. Peacock
In S. R. 6:401-14. D. '27.
Sweet bonds of love. In S. R. 9:204. Je. '30.
Selections in the collections of Bowring and Soboleski.
(See p. 17)
Kochanowski, who was educated at the Polish university of Krakow
and the Italian university of Padua is the greatest poet of Poland's
Golden Age and the greatest humanist poet of his country. The
Laments were inspired by grief at the death of his little daughter. St.
John's Eve is a garden of bucolics, a gallery of pictures of quaint old
country _ customs. The Dismissal of tie Greek Envoys is a poetic
drama, in which the tale of Troy is made the medium of poetic admoni-
tions to his own people.
The 17th and 18th centuries are represented in Eng-
lish only in the translations of Bowring and Soboleski.
THE ROMANTIC PERIOD. 1820-1860
Asnyk, Adam. 1838-97
1 Without limits.