,
1875-85); two volumes of a History of France
from the Accession of Louis Philippe to the
Fall of Napoleon III.
1875-85); two volumes of a History of France
from the Accession of Louis Philippe to the
Fall of Napoleon III.
Warner - World's Best Literature - v29 - BIographical Dictionary
His writings
are varied, but all relate to the historical as.
pects of literature, painting, and sculpture,
ancient and modern.
Hetzel, Pierre Jules (het zel). See Stahl.
Heuff, Az Johan Adrian (hef). A Dutch
prose-writer; born in Avezath, March 5,
He abandoned civil engineering for humorous
sketch-writing. Under the pseudonym of "J.
Huf van Buren he wrote a number of his-
torical romances, among them (Hertog Adolf);
a Dutch adaptation of the (Pseudolus) of Plau-
tus; and an original comedy entitled (Oom
Frederik, and other dramatic pieces. Under
the pen-name “Cosinus » he produced a hu-
morous novel, Kippeveer, wherein certain
leaders of the clerical party are ridiculed. He
is most successful in satire and caricature.
Heun, Karl. See Clauren.
Hevesi, Ludwig (hev'esh-i). A German-
Hungarian story-writer and humorist; born in
Heves, Hungary, Dec. 20, 1843. He studied
medicine at Vienna, and afterwards entered a
business office; then in 1866 he founded the
popular comic sheet Borsszem Jankó, read by
all classes in the Magyar country. He writes
German and Hungarian with equal facility.
His humor has found its happiest expression
in (Rainbows); (On the Sunny Side); and
above all (Andreas Jelky,' a sketch of a jour.
neyman tailor and his amusing adventures in
the “four quarters of the world. ”
Hewit, Nathaniel Augustus. An American
Roman Catholic priest and religious writer;
born at Fairfield, Conn. , 1820. Ile has had a
varied experience, at first as law student, then
in turn as Congregational minister, Episcopal
deacon, and Roman Catholic priest; join.
ing under the religious name of Augustine
Francis, the Paulist order founded by Father
Hecker, and becoming professor and superior
in the Paulist Seminary, New York. He has
written "Life of Princess Borghese) (1856);
(Problems of the Age (1868); Light in Dark-
ness) (1871); etc.
Hewitt, John Hill. An American ballad
and miscellaneous writer; born in New York
1801; died 1890. Engaging in literary work at
Baltimore in 1825, he is said to have been a
(rival of Poe. ” His best-known work is the
ballad (The Minstrel's Return from the War.
He wrote also : (The Governess,' a comedy;
(Washington, a play; (Shadows on the Wall,
a volume of reminiscences; etc.
Hewitt, Mrs. Mary. See Stebbins.
Hey, Wilhelm (hi). A German fable-writer;
born in Leina near Gotha, March 26, 1789;
died at Ichtershausen, May 19, 1854. He was
pastor at Tottelstädt and court chaplain
Gotha. His Fables for Children, published
in 1833, had an enormous circulation from their
first appearance. He wrote a rhyming Life
of Jesus.
Heyden, Friedrich August von (hi'den).
A German poet, story-writer, and dramatist;
born in Nerſken, East Prussia, Sept. 3, 1789;
died at Breslau, Nov. 5, 1851. He gave up
law and entered the army. Of distinguished
family, he was employed in official posts at
court in 1843, but fell into disfavor through
reluctance to act as a literary censor. His
verse is graceful and pleasing. His reputation
was made with "Reginald, and A Woman's
Word. (The Intriguers) was a highly suc-
cessful novel. As a dramatist he is not im-
portant.
Heyduk, Adolf (hi'dük). A Czech poet;
born in Richenburg, June 7, 1835. He studied
in Prague and traveled through Italy and
Germany; is now a professor at Pisek. His
earlier poetry, beginning in 1859, was of a
light order, but his volume (Cymbal and l'io.
lin established his reputation. An idyl of
life among his countrymen, (Grandfather's
Legacy, and a powerful study in realism, The
Wood-Cutter,' are extremely popular. Several
recent poems are among his best work.
Heyse, Johann Ludwig Paul (hi’za ). A
German poet and novelist; born in Berlin,
March 15, 1830. At twenty-four he became
noted for the purity and elegance of his elegiac
verses, and the succeeding fertile years have
brought him high and enduring renown. Tran-
cesca da Rimini,' a tragedy ; (The Sabines, a
play that under severe tests won the prize
offered by the King of Bavaria in 1857 ; " The
Brothers); (Ourika,' a tale; "Rafael,' a legend
and metrical study, - all poems,--and New
Tales of Marianne, a series of prose idyls,
are among his numerous works. *
Heywood, John. An English dramatist;
born in London (or North Mims) about 1497 ;
died at Malines about 1587. He was court
jester, epigrammatist, and writer of plays to
Queen Mary 1. His wit amused her on her
death-bed. His literary fame rests upon such
productions as "A Mery Play between the Par.
doner and the Frere, the Curate and Neybour
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264
HEYWOOD- HILL
Pratte, printed in 1533. He remained a Catho-
lic, and upon Elizabeth's accession retired to
private life.
Heywood, Thomas. An English dramatic
poet; born in Lincolnshire (? ) about 1575';
died in London (? ), 1650 (? ). Although he
wrote all sorts of poetry and prose, for any
who would pay him, his reputation rests upon
his sparkling song and still more sparkling
comedy. A Woman Killed with Kindness,
a play of contemporary middle-class manners ;
(The Wise Woman of Hogsdon, a comedy
of low life; (Love's Mistress, a travesty in-
troducing Apuleius and Midas; and the amus-
ing (Rape of Lucrece, show his range. *
Hibbard, George Abiah. An American
short-story writer; born in New York State,
1858. His home is in Buffalo, N. Y. He has
written : Iduna, and Other Stories, Nowa-
days,' (The Governor,' and other collections
of short stories.
Hichens, Robert S. An English journalist
and novelist; born in 1865. Although at the
age of seventeen he wrote a novel which was
actually published, he seems to have been most
bent on a musical career; but he wearied of
music, and turned to journalism. In 1893 he
visited Egypt for his health, and while there
conceived the idea which materialized in the
Imaginative Man (1895). (The Green Carna-
tion (1894), however, epigrammatic and keenly
satirical in tone, first brought him into public
notice, and was followed by (After To-morrow,
and New Love) (1895); (The Folly of Eus-
tace and Other Stories) (1896); Flames) (1897).
Hicks, Elias. A famous American Quaker
reformer, founder of the sect known as “ Hick-
site » Quakers; born at Hempstead, L. I. , March
19, 1748; died at Jericho, N. Y. , 1830. In 1781
he began visiting the meetings and families
both of Friends and of other denominations
throughout the country, preaching greater con-
secration. He was a fearless and impressive
exhorter. An early and determined foe of
slavery, he secured the emancipation of many
slaves. He was bred a carpenter, and paid
his traveling expenses by working at his trade.
His neighbors esteemed him so highly that
they often called on him to act as umpire in
settling their disputes. Neither he nor his fol-
lowers ever recognized the name “Hicksite,
given them in reproach. He wrote : (Observa-
tions on Slavery) (1811); Doctrinal Epistle)
(1824); Journal) (1828; 3d ed. 1832); etc.
Hiel, Emanuel (hel). A Flemish poet; born
in St. Gillis, Dendermonde, May 30, 1834. He
is professor of rhetoric and music in the Indus-
trial Institute at Brussels. He has been promi-
nent in political reform movements, those of
his poems which are not of a sentimental order
relating mainly to such themes. His beautiful
poem (The Wind) won a prize, while (Luci-
fer' and (The Scheldt) rank high in popular
esteem. His poems for children and one or
two oratorios and dramatic compositions are
especially notable.
Higginson, Mary Thacher. [“Mrs. Potter. ”]
An American author and poet, wife of T. W.
Higginson; born in Machias, Me. , Nov. 27,
1843. Her works are : (Seashore and Prairies)
(1876); (Such as They Are) 893), a volume
of poems written in collaboration with her
husband.
Higginson, Mrs. Sarah Jane (Hatfield).
An American writer of stories and sketches;
born in Pennsylvania, 1840. Her home is in
New York. She has written: A Princess of
Java) (1887), a tale of the far east; Java, the
Pearl of the East,' a book of travel; (The
Bedouin Girl.
Higginson, Thomas Wentworth. A distin-
guished American essayist, poet, and novelist;
born in Cambridge, Mass. , Dec. 22, 1823. His
interesting and varied career includes having
been an active abolitionist, a Unitarian clergy-
man, and (most striking of all) colonel of the
first negro regiment in the Civil War. Among
his publications are: (Out-Door Papers) (1863);
(Malbone, an Oldport Romance (1869); Army
Life in a Black Regiment) (1870); (Atlantic
Essays) (1871); 'Oldport Days) (1873); Young
Folks' History of the United States) (1884);
Life of Margaret Fuller) (1884); (The After-
noon Landscape) (1890), a volume of poems.
His pen is still active in literature of a varied
character. *
Hildreth, Charles Lotin. An American
novelist, author, and poet; born in New York
city, Aug. 28, 1856; died 1896. He served on
the staff of the New York World and later on
Belford's Magazine. Among his works are:
Judith) (1876); (The New Symphony and
Other Stories) (1878); and the Masque of
Death and Other Poems) (1889).
Hildreth, Richard. An American historian;
born in Deerfield, Mass. , June 22, 1807; died in
Florence, Italy, July 11, 1865. He first became
known as a miscellaneous prose-writer and po-
litical journalist. The History of the United
States) is his greatest work, covering the period
from the discovery of America to the end of
President Monroe's first administration (6 vols. ,
1849-56). Among his other works are : Archy
Moore, an anti-slavery romance; (History of
Banks); «Theory of Morals); “Theory of Pol-
itics'; and Atrocious Judges as Tools of Ty.
rants, compiled for political purposes from Lord
Campbell's (Lives of the Chief Justices. He
went to ly in 1861 as United States consul. *
Hiles, Henry. An English organist, com-
poser, and author; born at Shrewsbury, Dec.
31, 1826. He is a lecturer on harmony and
musical composition at the Owens College,
Manchester, and professor of harmony at the
Royal Manchester College of Music. He is
the author of the standard theoretical works:
(The Harmony of Sounds) (1872); “The Gram-
mar of Music) (1879); (Part -Writing, or Mod-
ern Counterpoint) (1884).
Hill, Mrs. Agnes Leonard (Scanland). An
American novelist, writing under the pseudo-
## p. 265 (#281) ############################################
HILL-HIPPEAU
265
)
nym «Mollie Myrtle; born at Louisville,
Ky. , 1842. She has written Myrtle Blossoms
(1863); “Vanquished) (1866), a novel; Heights
and Depths) (1871); etc.
Hill, David Jayne. An American educator;
born at Plainfield, N. J. , 1850. He was made
president of Rochester University, N. Y. , in
1888. He has written biographies of (Wash-
ington Irving) (1879) and (William Cullen
Bryant' (1879); Principles and Fallacies of
Socialism) (1885); etc. , besides text-books.
Hill, George, An American writer of verse;
born at Guilford, Conn. , 1796; died 1871. He
held several government clerkships. He wrote:
(Ruins of Athens, and Other Poems); (Ti-
tania's Banquet, and Other Poems. )
Hill, George Canning. An American bio-
grapher and essayist ; born in Connecticut, 1825.
He has written Lives) of Capt. John Smith,
Israel Putnam, Benedict Arnold, and Daniel
Boone; Homespun, or Five-and-Twenty Years
Ago, by Thomas Lackland' (pseudonym : 1867);
(Our Parish, or Pen-Paintings of Village Life)
(187-).
Hill, Theophilus Hunter. An American
writer of verse ; born near Raleigh, N. C. , 1836.
He is a lawyer in Raleigh, and was once State
librarian. He has written (Hesper and Other
Poems) (1861), distinguished as being the first
book copyrighted by the Confederate gov-
ernment; Poems) (1869); Passion Flower and
Other Poems) (1883); etc.
Hill, Thomas. A distinguished Unitarian
clergyman and educator; born at New Bruns-
wick, N. J. , Jan. 7, 1818; died at Waltham, Mass. ,
Nov. 2, 1891. He was president of Harvard
College from 1862 to 1868. He wrote (Geom-
etry and Faith' (1849); (Curvature) (1850);
(In the Woods and Elsewhere) (1888), a col-
lection of poetry, etc. ; and several text-books.
Hillard, George Stillman. A distinguished
American lawyer and miscellaneous writer;
born at Machias, Me. , Sept. 22, 1808; died at
Boston, Jan. 21, 1879. As a Massachusetts legis-
lator he was commended by Daniel Webster,
and he was conspicuous as an orator. He pub-
lished (Six Months in Italy) (1853); "Life of
George Ticknor' (with Mrs. Ticknor); Life
of George B. McClellan) (1864); also a series
of school readers, and an edition of Spenser.
Hillebrand, Karl (hil'lė-bränt'). A German
critic and historian ; born at Giessen, Sept. 17,
1829; died in Florence, Oct. 19, 1884. For par-
ticipation in the insurrection in Baden (1849)
he was imprisoned, but escaped to France,
where he graduated at the Sorbonne, and in
1863 became professor of foreign languages at
Douai. On the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian
War, he removed to Italy and passed the re-
mainder of his life there. Among his valuable
publications in French, German, Italian, and
English, are : "On Good Comedy) (1863); (Con-
temporary Prussia) (1867); (Italian Studies)
(1808); (Times, Peoples, and Men (7 vols.
,
1875-85); two volumes of a History of France
from the Accession of Louis Philippe to the
Fall of Napoleon III. (1877-79); Lectures on
German Thought) (1880).
Hillern, Wilhelmine von (hil'érn). A Ger-
man novelist (daughter of Charlotte Birch-
Pfeiffer); born in Munich, March 11, 1836. In
early life she was an actress. In 1857 she
married Baron von Hillern. Her novels began
to appear in 1862, winning rapid fame. Since
1882 she has been a widow. (Double Life);
(A Physician to the Soul); “The Geyer-Wally);
and numerous other works of fiction have had
a wide circulation. Her efforts as a dramatist
have not endured, but one or two of her novels
have been adapted for the stage.
Hillhouse, James Abraham. An American
dramatic poet; born at New Haven, Conn. ,
Sept. 26, 1789; died near there, Jan. 4, 1841. A
merchant in New York, he retired from busi-
ness in 1822. He wrote: (The Judgment, a Vis-
ion) (1812); and the dramas (Percy's Masque)
(1820) and (Hadad) (1825). His Dramas,
Discourses, and other Pieces appeared in 1839.
Hilliard, Henry Washington. An American
soldier, diplomat, and lawyer; born at Fayette.
ville, N. C. , Aug. 4, 1808; died at Atlanta, Ga. ,
Dec. 17, 1892. He was brigadier-general in the
Confederate army, chargé d'affaires in Belgium,
and minister to Brazil. He wrote : (De Vane,
a Story of Plebeians and Patricians) (2d ed.
1886); Politics and Pen Pictures) (1892); and
a volume of "Speeches and Addresses. )
Hind, John Russell. An English astron-
omer; born in Nottingham, 1823; died in
Twickenham, 1896. He became a Fellow of
the Astronomical Society in 1843, and received
three medals from the Academy of Sciences at
Paris for the discovery of asteroids. His most
important works are: (The Solar System)
(1846); (Astronomical Vocabulary) (1852);
(Comets) (1852); (Illustrated London Astron-
omy) (1853).
Hindley, Charles. An English bookseller
and journalist; died at Brighton, May 1893.
He wrote several books, but is best known as
the author of Mother Shipton's Prophecy. '
Hinton, James. A famous English surgeon
and philosophical essayist; born at Reading,
1822; died 1875. He was noted as an aurist.
He visited the United States in 1850. His
great work (The Mystery of Pain : a Book for
the Sorrowful' appeared in 1866. Other notable
productions were : (Art of Thinking' (1879);
(Philosophy and Religion (1881); etc.
Hippeau, Célestin (ē-po'). A French edu-
cator and author; born at Niort, Deux-Sèvres,
May 11, 1803; died in Paris, May 31, 1883.
He filled different positions as a teacher and
professor at Strasburg, Paris, Caen, etc. , and
was sent to England and the United States
by the minister of public instruction to study
their educational systems. His publications on
educational and literary subjects include : Nor-
Writers of the Seventeenth Century)
man
## p. 266 (#282) ############################################
266
HIPPEL- HOBBES
over.
(1857); History of the Government of Nor-
mandy) (9 vols. , 1863-73); Public Instruction
in the United States) (1869); Dictionary of
the French Language in the Twelfth and
Thirteenth Centuries) (1873).
Hippel, Theodor Gottlieb von (hip’pel). A
German sociological and ethical writer, ro-
mancer, and jurisconsult; born in Gerdauen,
East Prussia, Jan. 31, 1741; died at Königsberg,
April 23, 1796. His great but singularly con-
tradictory character is revealed in his many
writings. His best-known work is on Mar-
riage. Other productions include : (The Edu-
cation of Woman); (The Civil Emancipation
of Woman); and Biographies in the Ascend-
ing Line, with Supplements A, B, C, a pecul-
iar piece of fiction in which a sardonic humor
is combined with profound observation and
knowledge of life. A powerful political satire,
"Carpenter I. and Frederick II. , by John Henry
Frederick Quincetree, Wood Carver, of Han.
Printed at Solitude, and other similar
efforts, are characteristic exhibitions of his
strange genius.
Hirst, Henry Beck. An American lawyer
and writer of verse; born in Pennsylvania,
1813; died 1874. His home was in Philadel.
phia. He wrote 'Endymion, a Tale of Greece);
(The Penance of Roland”; (The Coming of
the Mammoth, and Other Poems. He also
published a Poetical Dictionary. ?
Hita, Gines Perez de (ē-tä'). A Spanish ro-
mantic historian of the sixteenth century, author
of the celebrated History of the Civil Wars
of Granada. He was of Murcian origin, and
fought bravely in the campaigns against the
Moors 1568–70. His History) is the first histori-
cal romance produced by the Spaniards, and re-
lates in picturesque and imaginative style, and
with exquisite purity of language, the events
leading up to the expulsion of the Moors from
Spain. The narrative is interspersed with de-
lightful legends and stories. The first portion
appeared in 1588, the last in 1604.
Hitchcock, Edward. American geologist
and author; born in Deerfield, Mass. , May 24,
1793; died at Amherst, Mass. , Feb. 27, 1864.
In the beginning of his career he was pastor
of a Congregational church in Conway, Mass.
He was made president of Amherst College
in 1845, but resigned in 1854, continuing his
professorship there till his death. Amherst Col-
lege owes to him the founding of its Museum of
Natural History, and his writings were among
the earliest to call attention in this country
to the study of geology. His Religion of
Geology and its Connected Sciences) marks
a distinct epoch in scientific study in this
country. He published also (Reminiscences of
Amherst College in 1863.
Hitchcock, Ethan Allen. An American
soldier and miscellaneous writer, grandson of
the famous patriot Ethan Allen; born at Ver-
gennes, V't. , May 18, 1798; died at Hancock,
Ga. , Aug. 5, 1870. A graduate of West Point,
he served in the Florida war, in the Mexican
War, and in the Civil War. He wrote: (The
Doctrines of Swedenborg and Spinoza Identi-
fied) (1846); "On the Sonnets of Shakespeare
(1865); "On the Vita Nuova of Dante) (1866);
etc.
Hitchcock, James Ripley Wellman. An
American writer on art, etc. ; born at Fitch-
burg, Mass. , 1857. His home is in New York.
He has written : (The Western Art Movement
(1885); A Study of George Genness) (1885);
(Madonnas by Old Masters) (1888), the text
to photogravures; (The Future of Etching);
(Some American Painters in Water Colors);
(Etching in America'; Notable Etchings by
American Artists); etc.
Hitchcock, Roswell Dwight. A distin-
guished American Congregational divine and
theologian ; born at East Machias, Me. , Aug.
15, 1817; died at Somerset, Mass. , June 16, 1887.
He was long president of Cnion Theological
Seminary. He wrote (Analysis of the Bible)
(1869); (Socialism? (1879); Life of Edward
Robinson'; “Hymns and Songs for Social and
Sabbath Worship'; Eternal Atonement) (with
Francis Brown); etc.
Hittell, John Shertzer. An American jour-
nalist and miscellaneous writer; born in Penn-
sylvania, 1825. Ilis home is in San Francisco.
He has written (Evidences Against Christian-
ity) (2d ed. , 2 vols. , 1857); Resources of Cali-
fornia) (6th ed. 1874); (A Brief History of
Culture) (1875); etc.
Hittell, Theodore Henry. An American
lawyer and historian, brother of John Shertzer;
born in Pennsylvania, 1830. His home is in
San Francisco. Besides valuable legal works,
including (General Laws of California 1850-64
(1868), commonly known as "Hittell's Digest,'
he has published a critical review of (Goethe's
Faust) (1872); the important History of Cali-
fornia) (4 vols. , 1885 97); etc.
Hlinka, Vojtech (Adalbert] (lēng'kä). A
Czech story-writer; born in Nekrasin, near
Neuhaus, Bohemia, April 17, 1817. He was a
Catholic chaplain at Hrádek. For the past
thirty years he has written stories and novels
in profusion under the pseudonym of "Fran-
tisek (Francis] Pravda," all of which deal with
life among the Czechs, and are exceedingly
popular with that people. The tales are of a
moral nature, and while lacking high qualities
of genius, merit notice as studies in a pleasing
school of realism.
Hoadly, Benjamin. An English dramatist;
born in London, Feb. 10, 1706; died at Chelsea,
Aug. 10, 1757. He was educated at Cambridge.
He settled in London and became a Fellow of
the College of Physicians. Among his works
are the “Suspicious Husband (1747), a comedy
which was well received. He also wrote (The
Tatlers,' and assisted Hogarth in his Analysis
of Beauty.
Hobbes, John Oliver, pseudonym of Pearl
Richards Craigie, an English novelist; born
((
a
## p. 267 (#283) ############################################
HOBBES - HOFFMAN
267
18–. She has published: (The Sinner's Com-
edy); “Some Emotions and a Moral); (A Study
in Temptations); (A Bundle of Life); (The
Ilarvest Moon'; etc.
Hobbes, Thomas. An English philosopher;
born in Malmesbury, April 5, 1588; died at
Hardwick Hall, Derbyshire, Dec. 4, 1679. One
of the greatest and most discriminating intel-
lects employed on metaphysical and social
analyses in any age, his thought has left deep
traces on all related speculation since, even
when adverse. Of his voluminous works, ex-
pository and controversial, carried on in the
leisure of aristocratic patronage to extreme old
age, the most vigorously living one to be con-
stantly reckoned with is (Leviathan,' dealing
with the origins, functions, and possibilities of
human society, conceived as an organism. *
Hobhouse, John Cam, Lord Broughton. An
English statesman and miscellaneous writer;
born at Redland, near Bristol, June 27, 1786;
died in London, June 3, 1869. He was Secre-
tary of War in 1831, and Secretary of State
for Ireland in 1833. He was one of Lord
Byron's most intimate friends. He wrote: (His-
torical Illustrations of the Fourth Canto of
Childe Harold)(2d ed. 1818); Journey into
Albania) (1813); "Letters Written by an Eng-
lishman During the Last Reign of Napoleon
(1810); Essay on the Origin and Intention of
Sacrifices); 'A Defense of the People); etc.
Hodell, Frans Oscar Leonard (ho'del). A
popular Swedish dramatist; born in Stockholm,
Aug. 13, 1840; died May 24, 1890. For ten years
he was an actor. His original and adapted
plays number nearly a hundred. Among the
most popular were : (Andersson, Petersson,
and Lundström (1866); (The Factory Girl
(1868); ( The Seamstresses) (1868); (Three Pairs
of Shoes) (1881). From 1870 until his death
he was editor of the Sunday Puck, a comic
paper.
Hoefer, Edmund (ho'fer). A German nov-
elist; born in Greifswald, Oct. 15, 1819; died
at Cannstadt, May 23, 1882. He studied phi-
lology and history at Heidelberg. In 1852 he
resided in Stuttgart, and was associated with
Hackländer in founding the Hausblätter. He
began early to write fiction, his first stories
appearing in collected form under the title
From the People, and proving very popular.
They were followed by "Out of the Old Time
and the New); (As the People Speak); and
(Days that Are no More. In 1858, the success
of Norien, the Recollections of an Old Wo.
man,' encouraged him to write a long story.
The novels that followed, especially (German
Hearts); 'The Demagogue); (The Lost Son);
and Lost in the World, have had a wide
circulation, but are marred by hasty execution.
He was a truthful delineator of character and
of the every-day life of the North-German
people.
Höegh-Guldberg, Frederick (hèch-göld'-
bāro). A Danish poet and philologist; born
in Copenhagen, March 26, 1771; died there,
Sept. 21, 1852. Son of the eminent statesman
Ove Höegh-Guldberg, he early became noted
for his patriotic poems, a collected edition of
which, in one volume, has sold extensively. He
is an authority on Danish grammar.
Hoey, Mrs. Frances Sarah. An Irish novel-
ist and translator; born at Bushy Park, in
Rathfarnham, County Dublin, Feb. 15. 1830.
She married, in 1846, the late Adam Murray
Stewart, Esq. , and in 1858, her present husband,
Mr. Cashel Hoey. Since 1860 she has been a
contributor to Chambers' Journal, Belgravia,
and other periodicals. She is the author of the
popular novels : "A House of Cards) (1863);
(A Golden Sorrow) (1872); (Out of Court
(1874); (The Blossoming of an Aloe) (1874;
new ed. 1880); “The Lover's Creed (1884); (A
Stern Chase) (1886). Among her translations
from the French are Memoirs of Madame de
Rémusat); (The King's Secret); (The Last
Days of the Consulate.
Hofdyk, Willem Jakobsz (hof'dik). A
Dutch historian and poet; born in Alkmaar,
June 27, 1816; died in Arnheim, Aug. 29, 1888.
As village schoolmaster his leisure was de.
voted to the study of Dutch philology, history,
and the arts. From 1850 to 1856 he was in-
structor in history and literature at the college
in Amsterdam. Among his numerous and valu-
able historical writings are : Historic Eras,
in Dutch annals; (The Netherlands People);
and Historical View of the Monasteries in the
Netherlands. The best of his poems is Ken.
nemerland); but his narrative poems Helene,
(Griffo de Salier, and some others would give
him a conspicuous place in Dutch literature.
Hoffman, Charles Fenno. An American
poet and novelist; born in New York, 1806;
died at Harrisburg, Pa. , June 7, 1884. He was
originally a lawyer. He founded the Knicker-
bocker Magazine, edited the Literary World,
and was owner and editor of the American
Magazine. His finest work was his songs, the
best known being (Sparkling and Bright, and
(The Myrtle and Steel. ' He wrote the novel
(Grayslaer) (1840). His complete poetical
works appeared in 1874.
Hoffman, David. An American lawyer, and
legal and historical writer; born at Baltimore,
Md. , Dec. 25, 1781; died in New York, Nov. II,
1854. He was professor of law in the Univer-
sity of Maryland 1817-36.
are varied, but all relate to the historical as.
pects of literature, painting, and sculpture,
ancient and modern.
Hetzel, Pierre Jules (het zel). See Stahl.
Heuff, Az Johan Adrian (hef). A Dutch
prose-writer; born in Avezath, March 5,
He abandoned civil engineering for humorous
sketch-writing. Under the pseudonym of "J.
Huf van Buren he wrote a number of his-
torical romances, among them (Hertog Adolf);
a Dutch adaptation of the (Pseudolus) of Plau-
tus; and an original comedy entitled (Oom
Frederik, and other dramatic pieces. Under
the pen-name “Cosinus » he produced a hu-
morous novel, Kippeveer, wherein certain
leaders of the clerical party are ridiculed. He
is most successful in satire and caricature.
Heun, Karl. See Clauren.
Hevesi, Ludwig (hev'esh-i). A German-
Hungarian story-writer and humorist; born in
Heves, Hungary, Dec. 20, 1843. He studied
medicine at Vienna, and afterwards entered a
business office; then in 1866 he founded the
popular comic sheet Borsszem Jankó, read by
all classes in the Magyar country. He writes
German and Hungarian with equal facility.
His humor has found its happiest expression
in (Rainbows); (On the Sunny Side); and
above all (Andreas Jelky,' a sketch of a jour.
neyman tailor and his amusing adventures in
the “four quarters of the world. ”
Hewit, Nathaniel Augustus. An American
Roman Catholic priest and religious writer;
born at Fairfield, Conn. , 1820. Ile has had a
varied experience, at first as law student, then
in turn as Congregational minister, Episcopal
deacon, and Roman Catholic priest; join.
ing under the religious name of Augustine
Francis, the Paulist order founded by Father
Hecker, and becoming professor and superior
in the Paulist Seminary, New York. He has
written "Life of Princess Borghese) (1856);
(Problems of the Age (1868); Light in Dark-
ness) (1871); etc.
Hewitt, John Hill. An American ballad
and miscellaneous writer; born in New York
1801; died 1890. Engaging in literary work at
Baltimore in 1825, he is said to have been a
(rival of Poe. ” His best-known work is the
ballad (The Minstrel's Return from the War.
He wrote also : (The Governess,' a comedy;
(Washington, a play; (Shadows on the Wall,
a volume of reminiscences; etc.
Hewitt, Mrs. Mary. See Stebbins.
Hey, Wilhelm (hi). A German fable-writer;
born in Leina near Gotha, March 26, 1789;
died at Ichtershausen, May 19, 1854. He was
pastor at Tottelstädt and court chaplain
Gotha. His Fables for Children, published
in 1833, had an enormous circulation from their
first appearance. He wrote a rhyming Life
of Jesus.
Heyden, Friedrich August von (hi'den).
A German poet, story-writer, and dramatist;
born in Nerſken, East Prussia, Sept. 3, 1789;
died at Breslau, Nov. 5, 1851. He gave up
law and entered the army. Of distinguished
family, he was employed in official posts at
court in 1843, but fell into disfavor through
reluctance to act as a literary censor. His
verse is graceful and pleasing. His reputation
was made with "Reginald, and A Woman's
Word. (The Intriguers) was a highly suc-
cessful novel. As a dramatist he is not im-
portant.
Heyduk, Adolf (hi'dük). A Czech poet;
born in Richenburg, June 7, 1835. He studied
in Prague and traveled through Italy and
Germany; is now a professor at Pisek. His
earlier poetry, beginning in 1859, was of a
light order, but his volume (Cymbal and l'io.
lin established his reputation. An idyl of
life among his countrymen, (Grandfather's
Legacy, and a powerful study in realism, The
Wood-Cutter,' are extremely popular. Several
recent poems are among his best work.
Heyse, Johann Ludwig Paul (hi’za ). A
German poet and novelist; born in Berlin,
March 15, 1830. At twenty-four he became
noted for the purity and elegance of his elegiac
verses, and the succeeding fertile years have
brought him high and enduring renown. Tran-
cesca da Rimini,' a tragedy ; (The Sabines, a
play that under severe tests won the prize
offered by the King of Bavaria in 1857 ; " The
Brothers); (Ourika,' a tale; "Rafael,' a legend
and metrical study, - all poems,--and New
Tales of Marianne, a series of prose idyls,
are among his numerous works. *
Heywood, John. An English dramatist;
born in London (or North Mims) about 1497 ;
died at Malines about 1587. He was court
jester, epigrammatist, and writer of plays to
Queen Mary 1. His wit amused her on her
death-bed. His literary fame rests upon such
productions as "A Mery Play between the Par.
doner and the Frere, the Curate and Neybour
## p. 264 (#280) ############################################
264
HEYWOOD- HILL
Pratte, printed in 1533. He remained a Catho-
lic, and upon Elizabeth's accession retired to
private life.
Heywood, Thomas. An English dramatic
poet; born in Lincolnshire (? ) about 1575';
died in London (? ), 1650 (? ). Although he
wrote all sorts of poetry and prose, for any
who would pay him, his reputation rests upon
his sparkling song and still more sparkling
comedy. A Woman Killed with Kindness,
a play of contemporary middle-class manners ;
(The Wise Woman of Hogsdon, a comedy
of low life; (Love's Mistress, a travesty in-
troducing Apuleius and Midas; and the amus-
ing (Rape of Lucrece, show his range. *
Hibbard, George Abiah. An American
short-story writer; born in New York State,
1858. His home is in Buffalo, N. Y. He has
written : Iduna, and Other Stories, Nowa-
days,' (The Governor,' and other collections
of short stories.
Hichens, Robert S. An English journalist
and novelist; born in 1865. Although at the
age of seventeen he wrote a novel which was
actually published, he seems to have been most
bent on a musical career; but he wearied of
music, and turned to journalism. In 1893 he
visited Egypt for his health, and while there
conceived the idea which materialized in the
Imaginative Man (1895). (The Green Carna-
tion (1894), however, epigrammatic and keenly
satirical in tone, first brought him into public
notice, and was followed by (After To-morrow,
and New Love) (1895); (The Folly of Eus-
tace and Other Stories) (1896); Flames) (1897).
Hicks, Elias. A famous American Quaker
reformer, founder of the sect known as “ Hick-
site » Quakers; born at Hempstead, L. I. , March
19, 1748; died at Jericho, N. Y. , 1830. In 1781
he began visiting the meetings and families
both of Friends and of other denominations
throughout the country, preaching greater con-
secration. He was a fearless and impressive
exhorter. An early and determined foe of
slavery, he secured the emancipation of many
slaves. He was bred a carpenter, and paid
his traveling expenses by working at his trade.
His neighbors esteemed him so highly that
they often called on him to act as umpire in
settling their disputes. Neither he nor his fol-
lowers ever recognized the name “Hicksite,
given them in reproach. He wrote : (Observa-
tions on Slavery) (1811); Doctrinal Epistle)
(1824); Journal) (1828; 3d ed. 1832); etc.
Hiel, Emanuel (hel). A Flemish poet; born
in St. Gillis, Dendermonde, May 30, 1834. He
is professor of rhetoric and music in the Indus-
trial Institute at Brussels. He has been promi-
nent in political reform movements, those of
his poems which are not of a sentimental order
relating mainly to such themes. His beautiful
poem (The Wind) won a prize, while (Luci-
fer' and (The Scheldt) rank high in popular
esteem. His poems for children and one or
two oratorios and dramatic compositions are
especially notable.
Higginson, Mary Thacher. [“Mrs. Potter. ”]
An American author and poet, wife of T. W.
Higginson; born in Machias, Me. , Nov. 27,
1843. Her works are : (Seashore and Prairies)
(1876); (Such as They Are) 893), a volume
of poems written in collaboration with her
husband.
Higginson, Mrs. Sarah Jane (Hatfield).
An American writer of stories and sketches;
born in Pennsylvania, 1840. Her home is in
New York. She has written: A Princess of
Java) (1887), a tale of the far east; Java, the
Pearl of the East,' a book of travel; (The
Bedouin Girl.
Higginson, Thomas Wentworth. A distin-
guished American essayist, poet, and novelist;
born in Cambridge, Mass. , Dec. 22, 1823. His
interesting and varied career includes having
been an active abolitionist, a Unitarian clergy-
man, and (most striking of all) colonel of the
first negro regiment in the Civil War. Among
his publications are: (Out-Door Papers) (1863);
(Malbone, an Oldport Romance (1869); Army
Life in a Black Regiment) (1870); (Atlantic
Essays) (1871); 'Oldport Days) (1873); Young
Folks' History of the United States) (1884);
Life of Margaret Fuller) (1884); (The After-
noon Landscape) (1890), a volume of poems.
His pen is still active in literature of a varied
character. *
Hildreth, Charles Lotin. An American
novelist, author, and poet; born in New York
city, Aug. 28, 1856; died 1896. He served on
the staff of the New York World and later on
Belford's Magazine. Among his works are:
Judith) (1876); (The New Symphony and
Other Stories) (1878); and the Masque of
Death and Other Poems) (1889).
Hildreth, Richard. An American historian;
born in Deerfield, Mass. , June 22, 1807; died in
Florence, Italy, July 11, 1865. He first became
known as a miscellaneous prose-writer and po-
litical journalist. The History of the United
States) is his greatest work, covering the period
from the discovery of America to the end of
President Monroe's first administration (6 vols. ,
1849-56). Among his other works are : Archy
Moore, an anti-slavery romance; (History of
Banks); «Theory of Morals); “Theory of Pol-
itics'; and Atrocious Judges as Tools of Ty.
rants, compiled for political purposes from Lord
Campbell's (Lives of the Chief Justices. He
went to ly in 1861 as United States consul. *
Hiles, Henry. An English organist, com-
poser, and author; born at Shrewsbury, Dec.
31, 1826. He is a lecturer on harmony and
musical composition at the Owens College,
Manchester, and professor of harmony at the
Royal Manchester College of Music. He is
the author of the standard theoretical works:
(The Harmony of Sounds) (1872); “The Gram-
mar of Music) (1879); (Part -Writing, or Mod-
ern Counterpoint) (1884).
Hill, Mrs. Agnes Leonard (Scanland). An
American novelist, writing under the pseudo-
## p. 265 (#281) ############################################
HILL-HIPPEAU
265
)
nym «Mollie Myrtle; born at Louisville,
Ky. , 1842. She has written Myrtle Blossoms
(1863); “Vanquished) (1866), a novel; Heights
and Depths) (1871); etc.
Hill, David Jayne. An American educator;
born at Plainfield, N. J. , 1850. He was made
president of Rochester University, N. Y. , in
1888. He has written biographies of (Wash-
ington Irving) (1879) and (William Cullen
Bryant' (1879); Principles and Fallacies of
Socialism) (1885); etc. , besides text-books.
Hill, George, An American writer of verse;
born at Guilford, Conn. , 1796; died 1871. He
held several government clerkships. He wrote:
(Ruins of Athens, and Other Poems); (Ti-
tania's Banquet, and Other Poems. )
Hill, George Canning. An American bio-
grapher and essayist ; born in Connecticut, 1825.
He has written Lives) of Capt. John Smith,
Israel Putnam, Benedict Arnold, and Daniel
Boone; Homespun, or Five-and-Twenty Years
Ago, by Thomas Lackland' (pseudonym : 1867);
(Our Parish, or Pen-Paintings of Village Life)
(187-).
Hill, Theophilus Hunter. An American
writer of verse ; born near Raleigh, N. C. , 1836.
He is a lawyer in Raleigh, and was once State
librarian. He has written (Hesper and Other
Poems) (1861), distinguished as being the first
book copyrighted by the Confederate gov-
ernment; Poems) (1869); Passion Flower and
Other Poems) (1883); etc.
Hill, Thomas. A distinguished Unitarian
clergyman and educator; born at New Bruns-
wick, N. J. , Jan. 7, 1818; died at Waltham, Mass. ,
Nov. 2, 1891. He was president of Harvard
College from 1862 to 1868. He wrote (Geom-
etry and Faith' (1849); (Curvature) (1850);
(In the Woods and Elsewhere) (1888), a col-
lection of poetry, etc. ; and several text-books.
Hillard, George Stillman. A distinguished
American lawyer and miscellaneous writer;
born at Machias, Me. , Sept. 22, 1808; died at
Boston, Jan. 21, 1879. As a Massachusetts legis-
lator he was commended by Daniel Webster,
and he was conspicuous as an orator. He pub-
lished (Six Months in Italy) (1853); "Life of
George Ticknor' (with Mrs. Ticknor); Life
of George B. McClellan) (1864); also a series
of school readers, and an edition of Spenser.
Hillebrand, Karl (hil'lė-bränt'). A German
critic and historian ; born at Giessen, Sept. 17,
1829; died in Florence, Oct. 19, 1884. For par-
ticipation in the insurrection in Baden (1849)
he was imprisoned, but escaped to France,
where he graduated at the Sorbonne, and in
1863 became professor of foreign languages at
Douai. On the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian
War, he removed to Italy and passed the re-
mainder of his life there. Among his valuable
publications in French, German, Italian, and
English, are : "On Good Comedy) (1863); (Con-
temporary Prussia) (1867); (Italian Studies)
(1808); (Times, Peoples, and Men (7 vols.
,
1875-85); two volumes of a History of France
from the Accession of Louis Philippe to the
Fall of Napoleon III. (1877-79); Lectures on
German Thought) (1880).
Hillern, Wilhelmine von (hil'érn). A Ger-
man novelist (daughter of Charlotte Birch-
Pfeiffer); born in Munich, March 11, 1836. In
early life she was an actress. In 1857 she
married Baron von Hillern. Her novels began
to appear in 1862, winning rapid fame. Since
1882 she has been a widow. (Double Life);
(A Physician to the Soul); “The Geyer-Wally);
and numerous other works of fiction have had
a wide circulation. Her efforts as a dramatist
have not endured, but one or two of her novels
have been adapted for the stage.
Hillhouse, James Abraham. An American
dramatic poet; born at New Haven, Conn. ,
Sept. 26, 1789; died near there, Jan. 4, 1841. A
merchant in New York, he retired from busi-
ness in 1822. He wrote: (The Judgment, a Vis-
ion) (1812); and the dramas (Percy's Masque)
(1820) and (Hadad) (1825). His Dramas,
Discourses, and other Pieces appeared in 1839.
Hilliard, Henry Washington. An American
soldier, diplomat, and lawyer; born at Fayette.
ville, N. C. , Aug. 4, 1808; died at Atlanta, Ga. ,
Dec. 17, 1892. He was brigadier-general in the
Confederate army, chargé d'affaires in Belgium,
and minister to Brazil. He wrote : (De Vane,
a Story of Plebeians and Patricians) (2d ed.
1886); Politics and Pen Pictures) (1892); and
a volume of "Speeches and Addresses. )
Hind, John Russell. An English astron-
omer; born in Nottingham, 1823; died in
Twickenham, 1896. He became a Fellow of
the Astronomical Society in 1843, and received
three medals from the Academy of Sciences at
Paris for the discovery of asteroids. His most
important works are: (The Solar System)
(1846); (Astronomical Vocabulary) (1852);
(Comets) (1852); (Illustrated London Astron-
omy) (1853).
Hindley, Charles. An English bookseller
and journalist; died at Brighton, May 1893.
He wrote several books, but is best known as
the author of Mother Shipton's Prophecy. '
Hinton, James. A famous English surgeon
and philosophical essayist; born at Reading,
1822; died 1875. He was noted as an aurist.
He visited the United States in 1850. His
great work (The Mystery of Pain : a Book for
the Sorrowful' appeared in 1866. Other notable
productions were : (Art of Thinking' (1879);
(Philosophy and Religion (1881); etc.
Hippeau, Célestin (ē-po'). A French edu-
cator and author; born at Niort, Deux-Sèvres,
May 11, 1803; died in Paris, May 31, 1883.
He filled different positions as a teacher and
professor at Strasburg, Paris, Caen, etc. , and
was sent to England and the United States
by the minister of public instruction to study
their educational systems. His publications on
educational and literary subjects include : Nor-
Writers of the Seventeenth Century)
man
## p. 266 (#282) ############################################
266
HIPPEL- HOBBES
over.
(1857); History of the Government of Nor-
mandy) (9 vols. , 1863-73); Public Instruction
in the United States) (1869); Dictionary of
the French Language in the Twelfth and
Thirteenth Centuries) (1873).
Hippel, Theodor Gottlieb von (hip’pel). A
German sociological and ethical writer, ro-
mancer, and jurisconsult; born in Gerdauen,
East Prussia, Jan. 31, 1741; died at Königsberg,
April 23, 1796. His great but singularly con-
tradictory character is revealed in his many
writings. His best-known work is on Mar-
riage. Other productions include : (The Edu-
cation of Woman); (The Civil Emancipation
of Woman); and Biographies in the Ascend-
ing Line, with Supplements A, B, C, a pecul-
iar piece of fiction in which a sardonic humor
is combined with profound observation and
knowledge of life. A powerful political satire,
"Carpenter I. and Frederick II. , by John Henry
Frederick Quincetree, Wood Carver, of Han.
Printed at Solitude, and other similar
efforts, are characteristic exhibitions of his
strange genius.
Hirst, Henry Beck. An American lawyer
and writer of verse; born in Pennsylvania,
1813; died 1874. His home was in Philadel.
phia. He wrote 'Endymion, a Tale of Greece);
(The Penance of Roland”; (The Coming of
the Mammoth, and Other Poems. He also
published a Poetical Dictionary. ?
Hita, Gines Perez de (ē-tä'). A Spanish ro-
mantic historian of the sixteenth century, author
of the celebrated History of the Civil Wars
of Granada. He was of Murcian origin, and
fought bravely in the campaigns against the
Moors 1568–70. His History) is the first histori-
cal romance produced by the Spaniards, and re-
lates in picturesque and imaginative style, and
with exquisite purity of language, the events
leading up to the expulsion of the Moors from
Spain. The narrative is interspersed with de-
lightful legends and stories. The first portion
appeared in 1588, the last in 1604.
Hitchcock, Edward. American geologist
and author; born in Deerfield, Mass. , May 24,
1793; died at Amherst, Mass. , Feb. 27, 1864.
In the beginning of his career he was pastor
of a Congregational church in Conway, Mass.
He was made president of Amherst College
in 1845, but resigned in 1854, continuing his
professorship there till his death. Amherst Col-
lege owes to him the founding of its Museum of
Natural History, and his writings were among
the earliest to call attention in this country
to the study of geology. His Religion of
Geology and its Connected Sciences) marks
a distinct epoch in scientific study in this
country. He published also (Reminiscences of
Amherst College in 1863.
Hitchcock, Ethan Allen. An American
soldier and miscellaneous writer, grandson of
the famous patriot Ethan Allen; born at Ver-
gennes, V't. , May 18, 1798; died at Hancock,
Ga. , Aug. 5, 1870. A graduate of West Point,
he served in the Florida war, in the Mexican
War, and in the Civil War. He wrote: (The
Doctrines of Swedenborg and Spinoza Identi-
fied) (1846); "On the Sonnets of Shakespeare
(1865); "On the Vita Nuova of Dante) (1866);
etc.
Hitchcock, James Ripley Wellman. An
American writer on art, etc. ; born at Fitch-
burg, Mass. , 1857. His home is in New York.
He has written : (The Western Art Movement
(1885); A Study of George Genness) (1885);
(Madonnas by Old Masters) (1888), the text
to photogravures; (The Future of Etching);
(Some American Painters in Water Colors);
(Etching in America'; Notable Etchings by
American Artists); etc.
Hitchcock, Roswell Dwight. A distin-
guished American Congregational divine and
theologian ; born at East Machias, Me. , Aug.
15, 1817; died at Somerset, Mass. , June 16, 1887.
He was long president of Cnion Theological
Seminary. He wrote (Analysis of the Bible)
(1869); (Socialism? (1879); Life of Edward
Robinson'; “Hymns and Songs for Social and
Sabbath Worship'; Eternal Atonement) (with
Francis Brown); etc.
Hittell, John Shertzer. An American jour-
nalist and miscellaneous writer; born in Penn-
sylvania, 1825. Ilis home is in San Francisco.
He has written (Evidences Against Christian-
ity) (2d ed. , 2 vols. , 1857); Resources of Cali-
fornia) (6th ed. 1874); (A Brief History of
Culture) (1875); etc.
Hittell, Theodore Henry. An American
lawyer and historian, brother of John Shertzer;
born in Pennsylvania, 1830. His home is in
San Francisco. Besides valuable legal works,
including (General Laws of California 1850-64
(1868), commonly known as "Hittell's Digest,'
he has published a critical review of (Goethe's
Faust) (1872); the important History of Cali-
fornia) (4 vols. , 1885 97); etc.
Hlinka, Vojtech (Adalbert] (lēng'kä). A
Czech story-writer; born in Nekrasin, near
Neuhaus, Bohemia, April 17, 1817. He was a
Catholic chaplain at Hrádek. For the past
thirty years he has written stories and novels
in profusion under the pseudonym of "Fran-
tisek (Francis] Pravda," all of which deal with
life among the Czechs, and are exceedingly
popular with that people. The tales are of a
moral nature, and while lacking high qualities
of genius, merit notice as studies in a pleasing
school of realism.
Hoadly, Benjamin. An English dramatist;
born in London, Feb. 10, 1706; died at Chelsea,
Aug. 10, 1757. He was educated at Cambridge.
He settled in London and became a Fellow of
the College of Physicians. Among his works
are the “Suspicious Husband (1747), a comedy
which was well received. He also wrote (The
Tatlers,' and assisted Hogarth in his Analysis
of Beauty.
Hobbes, John Oliver, pseudonym of Pearl
Richards Craigie, an English novelist; born
((
a
## p. 267 (#283) ############################################
HOBBES - HOFFMAN
267
18–. She has published: (The Sinner's Com-
edy); “Some Emotions and a Moral); (A Study
in Temptations); (A Bundle of Life); (The
Ilarvest Moon'; etc.
Hobbes, Thomas. An English philosopher;
born in Malmesbury, April 5, 1588; died at
Hardwick Hall, Derbyshire, Dec. 4, 1679. One
of the greatest and most discriminating intel-
lects employed on metaphysical and social
analyses in any age, his thought has left deep
traces on all related speculation since, even
when adverse. Of his voluminous works, ex-
pository and controversial, carried on in the
leisure of aristocratic patronage to extreme old
age, the most vigorously living one to be con-
stantly reckoned with is (Leviathan,' dealing
with the origins, functions, and possibilities of
human society, conceived as an organism. *
Hobhouse, John Cam, Lord Broughton. An
English statesman and miscellaneous writer;
born at Redland, near Bristol, June 27, 1786;
died in London, June 3, 1869. He was Secre-
tary of War in 1831, and Secretary of State
for Ireland in 1833. He was one of Lord
Byron's most intimate friends. He wrote: (His-
torical Illustrations of the Fourth Canto of
Childe Harold)(2d ed. 1818); Journey into
Albania) (1813); "Letters Written by an Eng-
lishman During the Last Reign of Napoleon
(1810); Essay on the Origin and Intention of
Sacrifices); 'A Defense of the People); etc.
Hodell, Frans Oscar Leonard (ho'del). A
popular Swedish dramatist; born in Stockholm,
Aug. 13, 1840; died May 24, 1890. For ten years
he was an actor. His original and adapted
plays number nearly a hundred. Among the
most popular were : (Andersson, Petersson,
and Lundström (1866); (The Factory Girl
(1868); ( The Seamstresses) (1868); (Three Pairs
of Shoes) (1881). From 1870 until his death
he was editor of the Sunday Puck, a comic
paper.
Hoefer, Edmund (ho'fer). A German nov-
elist; born in Greifswald, Oct. 15, 1819; died
at Cannstadt, May 23, 1882. He studied phi-
lology and history at Heidelberg. In 1852 he
resided in Stuttgart, and was associated with
Hackländer in founding the Hausblätter. He
began early to write fiction, his first stories
appearing in collected form under the title
From the People, and proving very popular.
They were followed by "Out of the Old Time
and the New); (As the People Speak); and
(Days that Are no More. In 1858, the success
of Norien, the Recollections of an Old Wo.
man,' encouraged him to write a long story.
The novels that followed, especially (German
Hearts); 'The Demagogue); (The Lost Son);
and Lost in the World, have had a wide
circulation, but are marred by hasty execution.
He was a truthful delineator of character and
of the every-day life of the North-German
people.
Höegh-Guldberg, Frederick (hèch-göld'-
bāro). A Danish poet and philologist; born
in Copenhagen, March 26, 1771; died there,
Sept. 21, 1852. Son of the eminent statesman
Ove Höegh-Guldberg, he early became noted
for his patriotic poems, a collected edition of
which, in one volume, has sold extensively. He
is an authority on Danish grammar.
Hoey, Mrs. Frances Sarah. An Irish novel-
ist and translator; born at Bushy Park, in
Rathfarnham, County Dublin, Feb. 15. 1830.
She married, in 1846, the late Adam Murray
Stewart, Esq. , and in 1858, her present husband,
Mr. Cashel Hoey. Since 1860 she has been a
contributor to Chambers' Journal, Belgravia,
and other periodicals. She is the author of the
popular novels : "A House of Cards) (1863);
(A Golden Sorrow) (1872); (Out of Court
(1874); (The Blossoming of an Aloe) (1874;
new ed. 1880); “The Lover's Creed (1884); (A
Stern Chase) (1886). Among her translations
from the French are Memoirs of Madame de
Rémusat); (The King's Secret); (The Last
Days of the Consulate.
Hofdyk, Willem Jakobsz (hof'dik). A
Dutch historian and poet; born in Alkmaar,
June 27, 1816; died in Arnheim, Aug. 29, 1888.
As village schoolmaster his leisure was de.
voted to the study of Dutch philology, history,
and the arts. From 1850 to 1856 he was in-
structor in history and literature at the college
in Amsterdam. Among his numerous and valu-
able historical writings are : Historic Eras,
in Dutch annals; (The Netherlands People);
and Historical View of the Monasteries in the
Netherlands. The best of his poems is Ken.
nemerland); but his narrative poems Helene,
(Griffo de Salier, and some others would give
him a conspicuous place in Dutch literature.
Hoffman, Charles Fenno. An American
poet and novelist; born in New York, 1806;
died at Harrisburg, Pa. , June 7, 1884. He was
originally a lawyer. He founded the Knicker-
bocker Magazine, edited the Literary World,
and was owner and editor of the American
Magazine. His finest work was his songs, the
best known being (Sparkling and Bright, and
(The Myrtle and Steel. ' He wrote the novel
(Grayslaer) (1840). His complete poetical
works appeared in 1874.
Hoffman, David. An American lawyer, and
legal and historical writer; born at Baltimore,
Md. , Dec. 25, 1781; died in New York, Nov. II,
1854. He was professor of law in the Univer-
sity of Maryland 1817-36.
