No More Learning

And thus bid your lordship right continuing unto the 14th day March, then
heartily farewell. From Westminster the 13th next ensuing.
March, 1548. -Your lordship's loving friends, Whereupon, the lords spiritual and temporal,
Tho. Canterbury, Rich, Wm. Saint John, and the commons the said parliament assem John Russell, Hen. Arundel, Anthony Wing bled, well and thoroughly considering, well field, William Peter, Edward North, Edward the most godly travel the king's highness, Wootton. ” the lord protector, and other majesty's
By means well this Letter, and the council, gathering together the said arch
godly order
the learned, also the statute bishop, bishops, and other learned men, the parliament before mentioned, made godly prayers, orders, rites, and ceremonies
o:
and act
for the
mous masses were now just authority fully altering those things which were altered, and abolished throughout this realm England, retaining those things which were retained
and the right use the sacrament the most the same book; also the honour God, precious body and blood our Saviour Jesus and great quietness, which the grace God Christ truly restored instead the same. But should ensue upon that one and uniform rite nevertheless, time any thing can and order such common prayer, rites, and well done the godly, but that the wicked will external ceremonies used throughout Eng
find some means subtilly deface the same: land, Wales, Calice, and the Marches the likewise this present, through the perverse same, did first give unto his highness most obstimacy and dissembling frowardness many lowly and hearty thanks for the same, and then the inferior priests and ministers the cathe most humbly prayed him that might or
dral, and other churches this realm, there did dained, and enacted his majesty with the arise marvellous schism and variety fashions assent the lords and commons that par
celebrating the common service and admi liament assembled, and the authority nistration the sacraments, and other rites the same, that not only and singular per and ceremonies of the church. For some, son and persons that had hithertofore offended zealously allowing the king's proceedings, did concerning the premises others than such gladly follow the order thereof; and others, were then remaining ward the Tower though not willingly admitting them, did yet London, (or the Fleet) might pardoned dissemblingly and patchingly use some part thereof, but also that and singular ministers
English, intitled, ‘A Book
Prayer and administration
and other rites and ceremonies after the use the church
the Common the sacraments,
thereof, private blasphe the said book mentioned, with the consideration
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64]] STATE TRIALs, 3 Edw. VI. 1550. —for opposing Reformation. [612
any cathedral parish churches other imprisonment the space months with places within the realm England, Wales, out bail mainprize, and for his second offence
Calice, and the marches the same, other the king's dominions, should from and after the feast Pentecost next coming, bound
say and use the natins, evensong, celebration
the Lord's Supper, and administration
each the Sacraments, and other common and thereupon the said book cominon prayer and open prayer, such order and form was presently imprinted, and commanded
was mentioned the said book, and none other exercised throughout the whole realm and otherwise. And albeit that they were so, dominions thereof, according the tenor and
godly and good, that they gave occasion unto effect of the said statute.
every hone-t and conformable man most wil Moreover the same session of the said
lingly embrace them yet lest any obstinate parliament was enacted and established persons, who willingly would disturb so-godly the authority thereof; That for much
order and quiet this realm, should un great, horrible, and not rehearsed incon punished, they further requested, that might veniences had from time time risen amongst ordained and enacted the authority afore the priests, ministers, and other officers the
said, that any manner parson, vicar, what clergy, through their compelled chastity, and soever other minister that ought should say such laws prohibited them the godly and sing, coininon prayer, mentioned the said lawful use marriage, that therefore and book, minister the Sacraments, should after every law and laws positive, canons, constitu the said feast Pentecost, then next coming, tions, and ordinances theretofore inade the
refuse use the said common prayer, authority man only, which did prohibit ininister the Sacraments such cathedral forbid narriage any ecclesiastical spiri
parish churches, other places, should tual person persons, what estate, condi use minister the same, such order and tion degree soever they were, what
form they were mentioned, and set forth name names they were called, which
the said book; should use wilfully, and ob God's law, may lawfully marry, and every
any thing therein contained,
any part thereof, and should thereof law fully convicted according the laws this realm verdict twelve men, his own confession, the notorious evidence the fact, should lose and forfeit, unto the king's highness, his heirs and successors, for his first
offence one whole year's profit such one
spiritual promotions,
should please the king's highness assign and appoint; and also for the same offence should
his benefices
imprisonment during his life. Which request, rather actual agreement the lords and commons the parliament, being once under stood the king, was also soon ratified and
confirmed his regal consent and authority,
stinately standing the same, any other rite, ceremony, order, form, manner mass, openly privily, natins, even-song, admi nistration the Sacraments, other open
article, branch and sentence concerning only the prohibition the marriage the persons aforesaid, should utterly void and none
the said laws contained, and the same
did follow, concerning the prohibition the
marriage the said ecclesiastical persons,
should thence! orth also clearly and utterly
void, frustrate and none effect. By occasion
whereof, was thence after right lawful for
any ecclesiastical person, not having the gift
chastity, most godly live the pure and
holy estate matrimony according the laws
and word God. But the first injunctions,
statutes, and decrees the prince were many but slenderly regarded, with much less
prayer than was mentioned, and set forth
should preach, declare, the derogation depraving
the speak
the
effect. And that all manner
pains, penalties, crimes actions which were
said book any thing said book,
good affection were these (especially the book common prayer) divers now received; without bail mainprize. But any such yea, and that some them, which had al
suffer imprisonment the space six inonths
person, after his first conviction, should eftsmons ways before outward shew willingly allowed offend again, and thereof form aforesaid the former doings, appeareth most plainly lawfully convicted, then should for his se (amongst others) Bonner the bishop Lon cond offence suffer imprisonment the space don. Who although, his former letters,
one whole year, and should also de and other mandates, seemed hitherto fa prived, ipso facto, spiritual promotions vour the king's proceedings; yet did
for ever, that should be lawful for the that present (notwithstanding both the first sta patrons and donors thereof give the same tute for the establishing the communion, and
again unto any other learned man, like the abolishing private masses, and also manner the said party offending were this statute the ratifying and confirming dead. And any the said person persons the book common prayer) still suff, sundry should again the third time offend, and idolatrous private unasses peculiar names, thereof form aforesaid lawfully convicted, the apostles mass, the lady's mass, and such
then he should for the same third offence like) daily solemnly sung within certain suffer imprisonment during his life. any peculiar chapels the cathedral church such person persons aforesaid, offending Paul's, cloaking them with the names the had not any benefice spiritual promotion, apostles communion, and our lady's commu that then he should for his first offence suffer nion, not once finding any fault therewith, until
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643] STATE TRIALS, 3 Edw. VI. 1550. -Proceedings against Bishop Bonner, [644
such time as the lords of the council, having mendations. So this Wednesday the 26th intelligence thereof, were fain by their letters June, going dinner, received letters from to comunand and charge him to look better the king's council pursuivant, and the same thereunto. And then being there with some send now here with unto you, the intent what pricked forwards (perhaps by fear) he you may peruse them well, and proceed ac
case not pre now resident and sup their absence call the order the cin, as in the tenor of the council's company together the church, and make de
said letters, therewithal sent unto them, did im claration hereof unto them thus committi
port. Both which letters I have, for the more you God, right well fare. Written wit credit, here following inserted. speed this 26th June, one the clock.
A Letter directed from the King's Council to Your loving brother, Ed. London. ”
Edmund Bonner Bishop of London, for abro Over and besides all this, the Lord Protector,
was content to direct his letters unto the dean cordingly; praying you
and chapter of his cathedral church of Paul's, sent, yet those that thereby requesting them forthwith to take such plying the places, may
guting of private Masses, namely, the Apos with the residue the king's privy and learned tles Mass, within the Church of St. Paul, council assembling together the Star-Cham
used under the name of the Apostles Commu ber about the same matter, that for the ad 7tlon. vancement and setting forward the king's
godly proceedings, called before them the “After hearty commendations: having very justices peace, where was uttered unto them credible notice that within that your cathedral the lord Rich, then lord chancellor, elo church there be as yet the apostles mass, and quent and learned admonition, the tenor where
our lady's mass, and other masses of such pecu of ensueth
liar names, under the defence and comination “Ithath been used and accustomed before of our lady's communion, and the apostles com this time, call certain times the justices munion, used in private chapels and other peace before the king's majesty's council, renote places of the same, and not in the chan give unto them admonition warning, dili cel, contrary unto the king's majesty's proceed gently, their duty, look the observing ings, the same being for the misuse displeasing such things committed their charges, to God; for the place Paul's, in example not according the trust which the king's majesty tolerable; for the fondness of the name, a scorn hath them. Howbeit, now this time we to the reverence of the communion of the Lord's call you before us, not only custom, but ra
body and blood: we for the augmentation of God's honour and glory, and the consonance of his majesty's laws, and the avoiding of murmur,
have thought good to will and command you, that from henceforth no such masses in this
ther necessity. For hearing daily, and per ceiving necessity, we do, the great negli gence, and the little heed which taken and given the observing the good and whole some laws and orders this realm, whereupon
manner be in your church any longer used, but much disorder doth daily ensue, and the king's
that the holy blessed communion, according to the act of parliament, be ministered at the high altar of the church, and in no other places of the same, and only at such time as your bigh masses were wont to be used, except some num ber of people desire for their necessary busi ness to have a communion in the morning, and
yet the same to be executed in the chancel at the high altar, as it is appointed in the book of the public service, without cautele or disgresion from the common order. And herein you shall
majesty's proclamations and orders taken
the council, we are advertised, not executed, the people are brought disobedience, and manner majesty's study and ours, set ting good and most godly stay, the honour
God and the quiet the realm, spent vain, and come nothing: the which we
not only satisfy our expectation of your con the fault thereof you which are the justices formity in lawful things, but also avoid the peace every shire, whom we are wont inurmur sundry that therewith justly os direct our writings, and whose trust and fended. And we bid your lordship heartily charge the king's majesty hath committed the farewell. From Richmond, the 24th June,
Ann. 1549. Your loving friends, Edward So merset, Wm. Saint John, Edmund Montague,
execution his proclamations, his acts parliament, and his laws. -We are informed that many you are negligent and slack
Rich, chancellor. Francis Shrewsbury, Wm. herein, that doth appear you look rather.
Cecil. ”
Bonner's Letter the Dean and Chapter Paul's.
“To my right worshipful friends, and most king's majesty hath you, give your diligence
loving good brethren, master Dean Paul's, with all the Canons, Residentaries, Prebenda
ries, Subdeans and Ministers the same, and every them with speed
“Right worshipful, with most hearty com
and care toward the execution of the same most godly statutes and injunctions, there
have great hope and trust not
so, yet much and
eth the keeping the realm
order and stay, must needs impute and lay
should rule but
disobedience, nor disorder, nor evil begun rise any part the realm, should and repressed, kept
were, through your fingers, than diligently
see the execution the said laws and pro clamations. For you would, according your duties, your oath, the trust which the
altogether
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645] STATE TRIALS, 3 Edw. VI. 1550. —for opposing the Reformation. [646
down and reforined. But it is feared, and the diately you represt and punished. —And thing itself giveth occasion thereto, that divers there should chance any lewd light fellows of you do not only not set forth, but rather make any routs riots, unlawful assem hinder, so much as lieth in you, the king's ma blies, any seditious meetings, uproars, up
jesty's proceedings, and are content that there risings any place the seditious and devil should arise soule disobedience, and that men ish motion some privy traitors, that you and
should repine against godly orders forth
his majesty, you slackly look the exe cution the same, that some shires, which further off, may appear that the
they appease them the first, and apprehend the first author and causer thereof, and certify
with speed. The lightness the rude and ignorant people must represt and ordered
your gravity and wisdom. And here you may not, any such thing chance, dissemble with those such lewd men, and hide yourselves, for shall required you such misorder be; and surely without your aid and help, your dissembling, such misorder cannot be. Nor we say that we fear any such thing, that there any such thing likely chance; but we give you warning before, lest should
people have never heard jesty's proclamations,
divers ma they have heard, you
neglect though were never com manded. But you consider and remen
are content wink that one
and
ber your duties first Almighty God, and then the king's majesty, the wealth the whole realm, and the safeguard your ownselves;
you must needs see, that except such orders
the king's majesty hath set and hereafter shall chance. —We have too much experience this appoint, kept, neither can the realm de realm, what inconvenience cometh such fended, the enemy should invade, nor can matters. And though some light persons
peace stand, but upon the contempt good their rage not consider, yet we not doubt and wholesome laws all disorder and inconve but you weigh and know well enough.
niences will come, the people will wild and savage, and no man sure his own. —If any time there was occasion and cause circumspect and diligent about the same, thcre was never more time than now. How we stand
Scotland you know, and that there foreign power maketh great preparation aid then,
And maintained bishop
should chance our enemies, who are other foreign power, and the
Rome, should suddenly arrive
and indeed doth come their aid; whereof we ters, repulse the same good array
are surely informed and certified. Wherefore you can, we not doubt but you will for the
there should not good order and obedi safeguard your country, that the enemy ence kept the realin, the realm were like shall have littlejoy his coming and for utterly destroyed. Never foreign power that purpose you shall see diligently that men could yet hurt, any part prevail this have horse, harness, and other furniture realm, but disobedience and misorder within weapon ready, according the statutes and ourselves. That the way wherewith God good orders the realm, and the king's majes will plague us, mind punish us. And ty's cominandments. And for this time
long we agree among ourselves, and may depart. ”
obedient our prince, and godly orders What zealous care was this young king,
and the Lord Protector his uncle, concern ing Reformation Christ's Church, and sin cere religion, these Injunctions, Letters, Precepts, and Exhortations, well the bi
and laws, we may sure that God with us,
and that foreign powers shall not prevail
against us, nor hurt us. --Wherefore once
again, and still we must and lay this
charge upon you that are the better the shops, the justices the realm above shire, and justices peace, that with conve premised, may right well appear. Whereby
nient speed you can, you repair down into your countries, and you shall give warning
should suffer those escape, which with their ment the learned, the willing consent the evil example might bring other the like mis parliament, and his grace's own zealous desire, hap, and that vagabonds and lewd and take small effect among his subjects; light tale-tellers, and seditious bearers false decreed presently, with the advice his whole news the king's majesty his council, council, again write unto the bishops such will preach without licence, imme his realin, for speedy and diligent redress
the gentlemen the shire, which have not
necessary business here, that they repair down
each man his country, and there both you lawyers, but especially bishops and old and they, who reckoned the stay every popish curates, whose cloaked contempt, shire, see good order and rule kept You, wilful winking, and stubborn disobedience, the that your sessions gaol delivery and quarter book the common prayer was, long after sessions well kept, and therein your meet the publishing thereof, either not known all, ings such, that justice may well and truly else very irreverently used through many ministered, the offenders and malefactors pu places the realm. Which when the king nished according the laws this realm with complaint divers perfectly understood, being out any fear any man, that for favour you not little aggrieved see the godly agree
some place England, either driven tem
pest, purpose hurt,
such order kept firing the beacons, hath already been written unto you our let
we have note, not much the careful dili gence the king and his learned council;
the lingering slackness and drawing back,
the other side, divers the said justices, and
should see
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647] STATE TRIALS, 3 Edw. VI. 1550–Proceedings against Bishop Bonner, [64s
therein; willing and commanding them there- duke of Somerset, governor of our person, and by, that as well they themselves should thence protector our realm, dominions and subjects, forth have a more special regard to the due and the rest our privy council, admonish execution of the premises, as also that you the premises. Wherein, had been others, within their several precincts and juris your office have used earnest diligence, dictions, should their good instructions and and have preferred the same places willing example the more oftener, and with within your diocese,
better devotion, moved use and frequent the have we thought good
same. As further appeareth this Letter here ensuing:
the
King
contents
and nevertheless straitly
inand you, that from henceforth have an earnest and special regard the reduce of
and his these things, the curates may their du London, part ties more often and more reverent sort, and rebuking him Nogligence, partly charg the people occasioned the good advices
Another Letter directed the Council, Bonner, Bishop
ing him see the better setting out the Service Book within his Diocese.
“Right reverend father God, right trusty and well-beloved, we greet you well: and whereas after great and serious debating
and examples yourself, your chancellor, archdeacons, and other interior ministers, come with oftener and more devotion to their
said cominon prayers, give thanks God,
and partakers the most holy commu and long conference the bishops and other nion. Wherein shewing yourself diligent, and grave and well-learned men the holy scrip giving good example your own person, you
tures, one uniform order for common prayers shall both discharge your duty the great and administration of the sacraments hath Pastor, whom we have account, and
been, and most godly set forth, not only also good service and the other side,
the common agreement and full assent the nobility and commons the late session our
late parliament, but also the like assent
we shall hereafter, these our letters and coin mandment notwithstanding, hear effsoons coin plaint, and find the like fault your diocese, we shall have just cause impute the fault thereof, and all that ensueth thereof, unto you, and consequently occasioned thereby
the case required
pray and require you,
charge and coin
the bishops the same parliament, and other the learned men this our realin
their
synods and convocations provincial like
was much our comfort, understand the
godly travel then diligently and willingly taken whereof we would sorry. And therefore for the true opening things mentioned the we estspons charge and command you, upon said book, whereby the true service and honour your allegiance, look well upon your duty
Almighty God, and the right ministration
the sacraments being well and sincerely set
forth, according the scriptures and use
the primitive church, much idolatry, vain su The bishop London, amongst the rest
perstition, and great and slanderous abuses taken away small occasion sor row unto us, understand the complaints
the bishops, receiving these Letters, did, always before, outward shew willingly ac cept the same; and therefore immediately with
many, that our said book much traveled the said letters directed this his precept unto for, and also sincerely sct forth, aforesaid, the dean and chapter his cathedral church remaineth mao places this our realm, Paul's, commanding them look the due
the accomplishing thereof accordingly.
Lotter
either not known all, not used,
Jeast used, very seldom, and that
such light and irreverent sort, the people
many places either have heard nothing,
they hear, they neither understand, nor have
that spiritual delectation the same, that
good Christians appertaineth. The fault ter of the cathedral church of Saint Paul whereof, like we must reason inpute London, and the other ministers there and you and others your vocation, called God, every them send greeting. And where through our appointment, due respect this so, that late have received the said so and such like matters; considering that, vereign lord the king's majesty's letters, such
these and such like occasions, our loving tenor hereunto annexed, and according subjects remain yet still their blindness, and my most bounden duty an right well willing, superstitious errors, and some places and desiring that the said letters should irreligious forgetfulness God, whereby his points duely executed and observed accord wrath may provoked upon and them ing the tenor and purport the same, and remembering withal, that amongst other appertaineth: these therefore are require, cures committed our princely charge, we and also straitly charge you and every think this the greatest, see the glory and you his majesty's behalf, &c. that you true service him maintained and exiled, admonish and command or cause to be admo
whose clemency we knowledge ourselves nished commanded, and singular parsons,
have that we have, we could not but ad vicars, and curates your jurisdiction, ob vice and conscnt our dearest uncle, Edward serve and accomplish the same from time
see otherwise the redress these things;
herein, tender our pleasure. Given un der our signet our manor Richmond, the 23d July, the third year our reign, 1519. ”
Bonner, the Dean and Chap ter Pauls.
the grace God, &c. To my well-beloved brethren the dean and chap
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649] STATE TRIALS, Edw. VI. 1550. —for opposing Reformation. [650
time accordingly; furthermore requiring and Almighty God, whom good things are
likewise charging you, and every of you to looked for, assemble themselves very make certificate herein to me, my chancellor seldon, and fewer times than they were here or other my officers in this behalf, with such tofore accustomed, unto common prayer and convenient celerity as appertaineth, both of the holy communion, being now time when your proceedings in the execution hereof, and were more needful with heart and mind
also the persons and names of such, from henceforth shall found negligent doing their duties the premises any
them. Given my house July, 1519. ”
Moreover, forasmuch
stant hearing the muttering certain rebellion
then stil ring, (whereof more shall said, the
Lord willing, hereafter) and also being credibly
informed divers, that through the evil ex person, now since the time that we
ample, slackness preaching and adminis tering the Sacraments, and careless contempt
Bonner bishop London, not only many the people within the city London, and other places diocese, were very negligent
vice our whole parliament have set
the ad most Eng never the con
pray our heavenly Father for his aid and succour; whereof we right sorry, we
understand that through your evil example, ulham, the 26th and the slackness your preaching and in
the king that in
structing our said people their duties, this offence God most generally com
mitted. For where heretofore upon prin
cipal feasts, and such were called mujus dupler, you yourself were wont execute
godly and devout order our Church
land and Ireland, have very seldom executed upon such other days,
tempt our proceedings and evil example
forgetful oGod, others. And for much also brought
and their duties fre quenting the divine service then established and set forth the authority parliament, but also that divers other, utterly despising the
our knowledge, that divers well Lon don, other places your diocese, frequent and haunt foreign rites masses, and such not allowed the orders
onr realm, and do contemn and forbear praise and laud God, and pray unto majesty
same, did secret places his diocese often frequent the popish mass and other foreign
rites not allowed the laws this realm,
therefore good (having thereby just
suspect his former double are approved and out
thought cause ness)
after such rites and ceremonies,
this realm our authority;
adultery
his privy council call the said bishop maintained and kept openly and commonly before them, and according their wise and the said city London and other places
appoint the lord protector and the rest and further that
and fornication
discreet judgments deal with him for the saille.
Bonner called before the Council.
Wher Ecpon the 11th day August, 1549,
they sent messenger for him, and upon his
your diocese, whereby the wrath God pro voked against our people; the which things you being heretofore admonished, yet hitherto
have made redress, the pastoral office, authority and cure bishop doth appertain: we therefore, whom the supreme cure and charge this church doth appertain, avoid
appearance made first declaration such
formations and complaints had been hereto from the high indignation Almighty God,
fore made against him. And then, after sharp
admonitions and reproofs for his evil demean
ours the premises, thcy delivered unto him
from the king (for his better reformation and
amendment) certain private injunctions
necessarily followed and observed himself. warn you, that you most straightly look upon And whereas, the first branch the said
injunctions, was personally assigned
preach Paul's Cross the Sunday three weeks
then next ensuing (because both the dangerous and temporal and sickly estate the time, and also partly his deprivation own suspicious behaviour required) they fur
ther delivered unto him writing such articles intreat upon his serinon, they thought
then most meet and necessary for the time and causes aforesaid. All which injunctions and articles, for the further manifestation thereof, have here inserted followeth,
Certain private Injunctions and Articles given Bonner the Council.
For Mitch we are advertised, that amongst other disorders our subjects this resent there divers our city London,
negligence your behalf, our laws ecclesiastical
may inflict upon you, unto otherwise, shall seem
the offence reasonable. And
and other places within your diocese, which
Heing very uegligent and forgetful their duty not you, You yourself person shall
the advice our most entirely beloved uncle the lord protector and the rest our privy council, have thought less than our
most bounden duty, now this present, and estsoons peremptorily admonish, charge, and
the premises, and see them reformed that
there may appear upon such pain
quality
the intent you should the better see the re
formation the said abuses, we have thought
good give you, these injunctions following:
Ye shall preach Paul's Cross London, proper person, the Sunday after the date
hereof three weeks, and the same sermon de clarc and set forth the articles hereunto an nexed and shall preach hereafter once
every quarter the year there, exhorting your sermon the people obedience, prayer, and godly living and shall present every serinon hereafter made Paul's Cross,
sickness soloe other reasonable cause
of of ofof
to
by to be
let
:
to
usof
byto a set or is
to
or 2.
of of
or
no of be as
of to
inat
he
in to
be
in of
hein
of by ofhis
at
do at
in
to to us
ofin is
do
of
in
toit to
;
of ye
weas of no do
to
“
-
to ofofof
as to
in
by
as as
by
of
of in
ye in to
be onno ofasistodoa
at
in to
of to
his of toof
in
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by
as
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to of
of as by as it
in
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in as
so as to of of of at
so
of
by
to
of
so
ye
in as
of as
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is
all so
to to
as of oftoof 3
ofof
of
beat orall
at
ifin1. forby todo
to
I tobe in he of ofinas
in
as of of as in
to to be
651] STATE TRIALS, 3 Edw. VI. 1550. -Proceedings against Bishop Bonner, [652
from henceforth every day which heretofore therefore death
was accounted in this Church of England a accumulate principal feast, or majus dupler, and at such even
traitors and rebels, but themselves eternal damnation,
the burning fire hell, with times the bishops London your prede Lucifer, the father, and first author pride, cessors were wont celebrate and sing high disobedience, and rebellion, what pretences
mass, now celebrate and execute the commu soever they have, and what masses holy wa nion the high altar Paul's, for the better ter soever they pretend, about make example other, except sickness let. among themselves, Korah, Dathan, and
'Ye shall yourself, according your duty Abiram, for rebellion against Moses, were swal
and the office bishop, call before you such not come unto and frequent common prayer and service the church,
do not come unto God's board, and receive the communion the least once year, whoso ever frequent unto any other rite service than appointed our book, either
diocese, and shall see such offenders con
lowed down alive into hell, although they pre tended sacrifice unto God. Likewise
the order the church, and external rites and ceremonies divine service, forsomuch God requireth humility heart, innocency living, knowledge him, charity and love towards our neighbours, and obedience his word, and his ministers and superior powers, these we must bring our prayers, our service,
matins, evensong mass any church,
chapel, other #. places within your
and this that sacrifice which Christ
requireth,
vented before you and punished, according
unto the ecclesiastical laws, with severe and
strai. ht punishment therefore. Likewise
shall see one only order used your diocese
according our said book and none other.
Ye shall both yourself, and your officers
under you, search out and convent before you
more diligently than heretofore have done, (as appertaineth your office, adulterers,
and see the same punished according the ecclesiastical laws, and the authority given you that behalf. We have heard also com
plaints, that the Church Paul's and other churches London are late more neglected, well reparation the glass, other
buildings and ornaments the same, than they were heretofore wont, and that divers and
many persons the City malice deny the payment their due tithe their curates, whereby the curates are both injured and made not well able, and manner discouraged
do their duties. The which thing also our will
and these those that make things pleasant unto God. The external rites and ceremonies
but exercises our religion, and appoint able superior powers; chusing whereof
we must obey the magistrates: The which things also we see ever have been and shall
and commandment
unto, and see redressed
And for much
made, most done and committed London,
shall diligently look appertaineth.
zeal sed non secundum scientiam; will, desire,
zeal and devotion, but not after wisdom; that foolish devotion, which can require
thanks praise. And yet again, where obey, must have devotion, for God requireth the heart more than the outward doings, and there
fore that taketh the communion, saith
these complaints
the
us. ”
entreated Sermon.
“That such rebel against their
prince get unto them damnation, and those that resist the higher power, resist the ordinances God, and that dieth therefore rebellion,
the word God utterly damned, and
loseth both body and soul. And therefore
those rebels Devonshire and Cornwall,
Norfolk, elsewhere, who take upon them
assemble power and force against their king pointed preaching) was soon after known abroad and prince, against the laws and statutes the among the citizens and other the commons realm, and about subvert the state and or within the city London, that every man der the commouwealth, not only deserve expected the time thereof, wishing hear the
Special
Bonner Bishop London,
Points and Articles
(as the time and place hath pleased God,
divers, and yet long these before there. any man
spoken inward things
shall use the old rites, and thereby disobey the superior power, the devotion his ceremonies
made naught his disobedience: that which else (so long the law did stand) might good, pride and disobedience now
made naught: Saul's sacrifice, Korah, Da than, and Abiram, and Aaron's two children were. But whoso joineth devotion obedi ence, winneth the garland. For else
heareth the service appointed the king's ina the intent you may look more earnestly, jesty, must bring devotion and inward prayers
better, and more diligently the reformation with him, else his prayers are but vain, lack them, our pleasure that you shall abide ing that which God requireth, that the heart
and keep residence your house there, and mind pray him. Further, shall the city, see, and principal place your dio example Sunday come seventh night cese, and none otherwhere for certain time, after the foresaid date celebrate the communion
until you shall otherwise licensed
Paul's Church. Ye shall also set forth your sermon, that our authority royal power (as truth less authority and force
this our young age, than was any our predecessors, though the same were much elder,
may appear example Josias and other.
young kings scripture; and therefore all our
subjects less bound the obedience our precepts, laws, and statutes, than we
were 40 years age. ”
The delivery these Injunctions and Arti
cles unto the Bishop (with the time his ap
byof 1. by ofto as in of 3.
of so at
aor
go inofheallbe
so
of inof in
to or do of
to is
of
in
as is, in is allye
orgo
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of
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or of
as
of ofof to to as of of
all
byain
of as inis at for 30 to
inbe a to
allin allye
as
do as as
in dobyin or
to
in his of
be6. to
4. ye ororall be
is is
of of he he be by
or be
in
to on
or
be to of of of
it of of no by is)
by do as by
all
of
as so be
as
so ofis 3. to or
to is)in to or ofas allto go
of 4. to no
of
of
as
ye is, a
be
or
is
to
to be
in to
as
to
do
all
by
ofa all2.
ye so
oftoof ifyeitso as
5.
of to ora
is
in or no a all to in do
by yeisat all
653] STATE TRIALS, 3 Edw. VI. 1550–for opposing the Reformation. [054
lurketh so secretly in the hearts of the wicked, but that at one time or other God in his most
righteous judgement maketh it open unto the
world: so at this present was that long colour
ed perverse obstinacy, and the infestered hatred people, that they might know their duty unto of this double-faced dissembler against the your majesty, and unto Almighty God, and es king's godly proceedings, most plainly manifest pecially acknowledge your majesty these ed by disobedient demeanor this his ser years and age perfect high and sove mon. —For whereas he was commanded en reign lord, and king, and supreme head, whose treat only upon such special points were laws, proclamations, and commandments we mentioned his articles; yet, both besides are bound obey, well any prince's sub the council's commandment, the withdraw jects are bound obey the laws, proclamations, ing the minds the common people, inas and commandments their natural and sove much him lay, from the right and true reign lord, notwithstanding that nature hath not understanding the holy sacrament ministered yet given unto your person such age trust
same. Which time being once come, the Bishop, Articles did only tend the honour God, according to the tenor of the Injunctions, pub and the better instructions your highness's licly preached at the cross of Paul's the first people obedience and hatred rebellion and day of September. Howbeit as hypocrisy never
the holy communion then set forth authority the king's majesty (according
the she shall, nor many years, which we wish
the most part his sermon about the gross, carnal, and papistical presence Christ's and blood
many any prince ever had, the which
you king prince,
not make but the
your birth, and lawful succession what be, that we all must well acknow
king
our and prince,
less feared and obeyed, than your high ness were fifty hundred years old, (the
holy scripture) ospend true sense the did
years right soever ledge
his articles, but rebellious and wilful
carelessness did utterly leave out unspoken the
whole last article, concerning the effectual
and lawful authority the king's highness which thing not only most certainly true, but during his young age,
mutiny, wherewith late this your majesty's realm hath been marvellously vexed, the danger your highness's person, and the state
the whole realm, and therefore thing
this time most necessary taught unto the
the sacrament the altar, and also
your these years,
contrary thereunto did not only slenderly touch the rest
majesty
years old; notwithstanding was the traitorous opinion
were thirty for also this time most necessarily taught,
especially when divers rebels have openly de clared, that they would not obey your highness's
laws, nor acknowledge the statutes made
your majesty available till you come This contemptuous and disobedient dealing the age twenty years) and this not only being
greatly offended most the king's faithful but the same thing being commanded
and loving subjects there present, did much your said majesty, amongst other Injunctions mislike the minds, and was far from the good and Articles given writing the said Ed expectation, well that faithful and godly mund Bonner, preached his last sermon, preacher master John Hooper, afterwards bi the same Injunctions may appear, the shop Worcester and Gloucester, and lastly which the true copy we have when need
most constant martyr for the gospel Christ, shewed: yet this notwithstanding, the and also master Wm. Latimer, bachelor said Bonner, what zeal mind we cannot divinity and therefore they well weighing the tell, whether favouring the opinion the said
bels) was special commandment chiefly ap pointed him entreat upon. - -
foulness the fact, and their bounden allegi ances unto their prince, did thereupon exhibit unto the king's highness, under both their names,
bill complaint denunciation against the said Bishop form following:
The Denunciation John Hooper and William Latimer against Bonner the king's Majesty, for leaving undone the Points aforementioned,
which was charged preach upon.
“IN most humble wise sheweth unto your majesty William Latimer and John Hooper, that where late, we certainly informed from your majesty, the hand the right high
rebels, contemning your highness's command
ment declared unto him, hath not only left out
declare the said Article, which we most
and chiefly expected and looked for, but also
the rest sermon did not fully and apertly declare the said Injunctions andArticles,
our judgement did appear they ought have been declared, and was light ground looked for, entreating other far distant and divers from the Articles upon the which was commanded entreat; and such most should move and stir the people disorder and dissension, willingly leaving out those things which should have made quiet and obedience.
the same (because the popish re
and noble prince Edward, duke Somerset, Wherefore not moved any malice, grudge, governor your royal person, and protector envy, evil will the person the Bishop, your highness's realins, dominions and but constrained the love and zeal which we
subjects, and the rest your privy council, bear towards your highness, and our duty and there were certain Injunctions given the Bi allegiance your majesty, whose honour and
shop London that now with Articles insinuated and preached unto your subjects
certain day limited, the which Injunctions and
safety with tranquillity, quietness, and good governance this your realm, we most de
sire, and for the discharge our most boundea
you were the age years, and your laws and statutes
a
of
a a as itty ofin in it
of
or
as be of as of
to at be
of
to
so asso
to
all of
of
to
as
of of
so
in as
byas
of
ofof
of
of to
is, be to
or of as of ifa
of ; of of of
as
of as
ofof in in
of he
ofinasto of
of of
it
or
to by
to
of of
heof
tohe
by
of
or orofbeitofdotoofto
as in to
toall by atto40 so
to of of to to
to
be as
so,
be
oras to
to his allbeinbe if be
byup
of betoto
to of ofof as no
in to
at or
of isan to ofas a of
do soof toif a
he .
is of to to
by toby
of no32
to at
be
as
I in to of
orat
his
655] STATE TRIALS, 3 Edw. VI. 1550–Proceedings against Bishop Bonner, [656
duties, to avoid the dangers that might en articles, and for the more sure knowledge, sue the concealinent thereof, we most hum keeping, and observing, did exhibit the same
contempt
tion, and for good quiet our subjects and
bly denounce and declare the same your writing unto him the hands
highness, the intent that your majesty, the cle, the fulfilling our counsel;
advice aforesaid, may, please your high withstanding, the said bishop hath
mess, this our humble denunciation, call the (as inay appear) overslipped and not said Bishop answer the premises, the which observed certain the said things en we are ready avow and prove, and then joined, and other perversely and negligently your highness may take further order herein,
your princely wisdom shall seem most con venient; whose long life and most prosperous government God Almighty long continue, for the which we shall pray during our lives. ”
The king's majesty having thus, the infor
mation these two credible persons, perfect intelligence the contemptuous and perverse negligence this Bishop, not accomplishing his highness's commandment given him
done, that the things minded reforma
and otherwise called. The which things they tendering the health, quietness, good order, and government our people, have not
thought convenient past unpunished
and unreformed, and therefore the advice
aforesaid, have appointed you upon due punishment such dangerous rebellious ob whose sidelities, wisdoms, dexterities, and cir
junction, thought most necessary with venient speed (for the avoiding further
con
conveniences) look more severely unto the
stinacy; and therefore the advice the lord protector, and the rest his honourable Coulin cil, immediately directed forth his commis sion under his broad seal unto the archbishop Canterbury, the bishop Rochester, and
cumspections we have full confidence, call before you well the denouncers, the said
faults, also the said bishop, and with due ex aulinations and process, according the law and justice hear the said matter, and other
our whole realm, converted the wilful negligence perversity him great occa slow slander, tumult, and grudge amongst our people, hath been denounced
writing certain honest and discreet persons,
our said un this not
other grave and trusty personages and counsel matters, what kind, nature, condition so
lors, appointing and authorizing them,
certain them, virtue the same, call before them, well the bishop London,
also the foresaid denouncers, and upon due ex amination and proof the premises, any other matter otherwise objected, further
ever they shall objected against the said bi shop, summarily (e: piano) otherwise
your discretions shall thought most meet,
proceed against him suminarily, according iaw and justice, either sion, excommunication, committing
plano, suspen prison,
deprivation the quality the offence required) otherwise use any other censure, ecclesiastical, which, for the better hearing and
determining that cause, might their wis doms seem more pertinent, appeareth more
amply ensuing:
King's
upon the Denunciation aforesaid; for the Er
amination Bonner, Bishop London. Edward the 6th, &c. To the most reve
rend father God, Thomas abp. Canterbury, metropolitan and primate England, the right rev. father God, Nicholas bp. Rochester, our trusty and right well-beloved counsellors,
Wm. Peter and Tho. Suith, knights, our
two principal secretaries, and Wm. May, doc tor the law civil, and dean Paul's, greeting.
The
Copy
the
Commission sent down
the tenour
the Commission here
come our knowledge, that where we
the advice our most entirely beloved uncle condition the person, and also what estima Edward Duke Somerset, governor our tion and authority thought the commis person, and Protector our realms, doini sioners thought uot unmeet first, nions, and subjects, and the rest our privy before enter into the process, somewhat
council, did give the right revereud father
God Edmund bp. London, upon certain com
considerations, certain Injunctions ed, done, and executed, and pointed him preach
note and describe unto you.
The stubborn Behaviour Bonner before the Commissioners.
At his first entry into the place within the archbishop's house Lainbeth, where the arch
plaints before made unto us, and other great
follow
sermon ap with certain
suspend, ex deprive the
said bishop, the offence shall
merit, use any other censure ecclesiastical,
which for the better hearing and determining
the cause shall requisite and appertain, any
law, statute, act the contrary notwith
standing. witness whereof we have caused
these our letters made patents. -Witness
ourself Westminster the 8th, September, the 3rd year our reign. ”
This Commission being sealed with the king's broad seal, was his highness's council for thwith delivered the court unto Tho.
Cranmer abp. Canterbury and the rest the commissioners mentioned the same, being there altogether present. Who upon the
receipt thereof, determined virtue the same the archbishop's house Lambeth the Wednesday then next ensuing, which was the
tenth day that present month September, and therefore appointed the bishop London
summoned appear before them,
that time and place. The manner whose behaviour his appearance, because both declareth the froward nature and stubborn
with full power and authority
communicate, coininit prison,
appear
to ofto
of
(if
of to
by he it
all
at
be
of be of
of
of,
of of orbe to
It sir or to of is of “
to
to by of of
to
ofto inin of orto
of of as
of
of to to
all
by of as
I to he
be
soof by to be of
it
by
be of
let of
it
all to3, ifto
sir
oftotoof ofby
toif it
of be of of
in
us in of of
a ofof of of
toof toto3all by
be
in
to de
of
of
or to
as or to
allby in iu
to by
by
so
as
toto in to be of
be sit so, us in Ito at ator as weof
beofatof toofbyit
of of as
of
by us us
of
4,by to of or
a by us
to so inall
at
in
of
tooror5, toofof
at by
to
to
de
Inif toas
asora it
soor toatofoftoas inin
at
do of
657] STATE TRIALS, 3 Edw. VI. 1550. —for opposing Reformation. [638
bishop and other the commissioners sate, thority with the terms pretended commis passed forth directly them with cap sioners, pretended witnesses, and unjust, un upon head (making though saw them lawful, and pretended procecdings, with recu
not) until one plucked him the sleeve, wil sation some, and terming others daws, ling him reverence unto the commis woodcocks, fools, and such like) which will
sioners. Whereat laughingly turned him
self, and spake unto the archbishop this
wise; What, my lord, are you here? my
troth saw you not. No, said the archbishop,
you would not see. Well (quoth you sent heart and will, had been cause true
me, have you any thing say me? Yea, and rightful, might have perchance seemed
said the commissioners, have here authority some men's judgment from the king's highness call you account ble; yet say the truth,
your sermon you made lately Paul's be, being iminoderate,
Cross, that you did not there publish the beseemed wise man, and therefore inuch People the article which you were commanded less one his calling. For his cause had then preach upon. At which words the been good, why did
bishop, either that did not greatly de tiently and meekly,
light hear this matter, else because gospel doth teach him
would make his friends believe that was called deed) naught and wrong, whereto served
account only for his opinion religion (as bold sturdy stoutness, but shew the impu afterward the sequel this process more dency the person, and make the case plainly appeareth) began turn talk unto worse which was bad enough before But be other matters, and said unto the archbishop like was disposed declare, need were,
good faith my lord would one thing were what was able the law, shifting had more reverence than What off the matter subtil dilatories, and frivolous said the archbishop The blessed mass, quoth cavilling about the law. And that would
You have written very well the sacra not help, yet with facing and brasing, and rail ment: marvell you more honour ing upon the denouncers with furious words, The archbishop Canterbury therewith per and irreverent behaviour toward the king's com
inissioners, thought countenance out the matter before the people, that something might seem yet him, whatsoever was the cause. For, conclude, for his crafty cauteles and tergiversations alledged out the law, yet neither his cause could defended, nor his behaviour excused, but that he was
you that wrote
bishop, replied, Truly will easily make the end most lawfully deprived the se
child that but ten years old understand there quel this process may well appear, the man Inatter much you. But- what this the ner whereof followeth.
ceiving
ness,
trary
you think well, because you understand
commend that which was utterly con opinion, said unto him again:
not. The other then adding unto former
gross ignorance swered; think
obstimate impudency, an understand better than
here omit, they more manifestly appear the sequel the story the time and lace they happened; adding yet this much
the way, that although such stoutness
sounewhat suffera what case soever this shall appear,
not take the wrong pa the true canon law the were (as was in
subtilty, and seeing gross blind
against the denouncers, asked
not believe them, whether
him, would would credit the
Unto which words the arch therefore both justly imprisoned, and also
Moreover, what time they began
enter the judicial prosecuting their commis sion, and had called forth the denouncers
Propound such matter they had object
against him, hearing them speak, fell scorning and taunting them, saying
one, that spake like goose and
The first Action Session against Bonner.
Upon Wednesday the 10th day September, the year our Lord 1549, and the third
People there present; and there withal (be
cause inany them were also the bishop's
serinon Paul's) stood and read the there then also personally appeared the said
*rticle the king's authority during young bishop. which time the commissioners,
age; saying unto them, how say you iny mas.
ters, did iny lord London preach this article?
Whereunto they answered, no, no. which
words the bishop turning himself about, de the name the rest declared unto the bishop, riding said, will you believe this fond people that grievous complaint had been heretofore
Besides this, his appearings used made and exhibited against him writing, inany irreverent, uncomely, obstinate, and fro unto the kings unajesty and his most honourable ward words and behaviours towards the com council, and that therefore his highness, with
missioners and others deficing their au.
their advice, had committed the examination WQL.
year the reign
king Edward 6th, Thomas Canterbury, metropolitan
Cranmer abp. the and primate
England, associate with the Nicholas Ridley then bishop Rochester, sir other, that spake like woodcock, utterly Wm. Peter knight, one the king's two prin
denying their accusations true. Where cipal secretaries, and master Wm. May, Dr.
upon the archbishop, seeing his peevish malice
civil law and dean Paul's, virtue the king's commission, sate judicially, upon the
examination Edmund Bonner bishop Lon don, within the archbishop's chamber pre
sence, his house Lambeth, before whom
first shewing forth their commission, requested Win. Peter that would openly publish
and read the same. Which done, the abp.
it
1. ofat 2 toto for . his
2 U
sir
the
in
itit
i. in
(in
aofas I do ofhe towe as hetoa noto to by
in
;be if ifinin by inofassoall if a
a
of
of
of
in
so
in
of
he
he do the to doto to
of
hehe
is I ithis his in to
in as
he. In to I in
for for he to to I
offor do allhe isIheof
at
of
he atas it.
Ianit of
up be ofas it or
by he
at ; isithisofis. in
if his he
to tohe
heAthisheto his itat
byon
*
to to
to is to tototoa Ifit. it,; he
his
hehe of
At of to ofto of
at
as
in
ofof as in by ifof alloforso toasit
ofof
by ofof in
in ?
it
of
is tobe he no for
ofof inIfof of to to it as in be
of in
of
I
659] STATE TRIALs, 3 Edw. VI. 1550–Proceedings against Bishop Bonner, [660
thereof unto him and other his colleagues there present, as also unto Tho. Smith knight,
literas praetensas vobis (ut dicitur) committenti qualitercunqua decet omnibus per omnia perpetuo humilime recogniturus sum, habiturus
præstiturus, exceptionibus, defen sionibus legitimis mihi jure natura com unto the king Wm. Latimer and John Hoo petentibus defensionem mean necessariam per, ministers, which they likewise requested legitimam non aliter hac parte usurus. ” Sir Wm. Peter read. —These things ended, This Protestation being read, requested the bishop like subtil lawyer, having most the commissioners that might have the bill
like some secret intelligence before these complaint delivered him. Which, when matters (whatsoever pretended the con had well perused, said, that the same was trary) pulled out his bosom soleinn Protes very general, and general, that could tation ready written, which then exhibited not directly answer thereunto. Whereunto the unto the commissioners, requesting that the archbishop answered, that the special cause same might there openly read; the copy the complaint against him was, for that had whereof this tenor and form followeth. transgressed the king's commandment, given
the other his majesty's two principal secre taries, though then absent, and there withal
shewed also forth bill complaint exhibited
The Tenor and Form Edmund Bonner Bi shop London his Protestation, exhibited the King's Commissioners his first ap
pearing.
“FDMUNDus Lond. Episcopus primö ante omnia protestor quod per hanc meam compa
ritionem seu per aliqua per me hic dicta seu before that time had put the bill com dicenda, allegata seu alleganda, proposita seu plaint unto the king against him.
proponenda, exhibita seu exhibenda, gesta seu Upon whom the Bishop had earnestly looked, gerenda, objecta seu objicienda, exercita seu and well beheld them, said, As for this exercenda, facta seu fienda, petita seu petenda, merchant Latimer, know him very well, and non intendo vos dominos judices praesentes have borne with him, and winked his doings tanquam judices mihi hac parte compe great while, but have more say him tentes idoneos aliquo modo consentire, ves hereaster. But touching this other merchant tram jurisdictionem presentem hac parte Hooper, have not seen him before, howbeit, aliquatemus prorogare, nisi prout quatemus have heard much his naughty preaching.
jure hoc tenear astringar rationique And then turning himself again unto the arch
consonum vidcatur: sub protestatione prae bishop (of purpose most like make his friends dicta semper mihi salva qua recedere think that he was not called thither answer
non intendo, sed eandem omnibus sin for his contemptuous disobedience, but for gulis deinceps hoc negotio praetenso per me matters religion) said unto him, Ah my agendis, pro repetita haberivolo) dico allego lord, now see that the cause my trouble
literae commissionales praetenste vobis (ut not for the matter that you pretend against icitur) hac parte directe, seu carum vera me, but for that did preach and set forth legitima copia nunquam antehac mihi ostensæ my late sermon the true presence the
aut monstr. fuerunt, nec me aliquo modo most blessed body and blood our Saviour visae, lectae aut cognitae, vel mihi traditae. Itaque Jesus Christ to be the sacrament of the
jure
personas aliquorum vestrum, quae
naturali ratione mihi competunt
cum reverentia (qua decet) objicere,
bita juris forma proponere non possum prae the Sacrament of the Altar: and most of all
unto him his council, that his late sermon made at Paul's Cross did not set forth
|. people king's highness's royal
unto the the
power his minority, according
the tenor them for that and for proof thereof called forth Wil
the article delivered unto him
Hooper,
iam Latimer and John preachers, who
altar. For for these my accusers, they evil, infamed, notorious, and criminous per
sons, are they manifest and notable heretics
sentiut deberem. Quare defensio congrua, this IIooper. For where my late sermon quae nulli hominum deneganda est, mihi roser Paul's Cross preached, That the blessed vetur, liquidoque sciam cujusmodi exceptiones Sacrament the altar, after the words con mihi hac parte competere possint, debeant, secration, there the true body and blood utgue eas suis loco tempore juxta juris exigen our Saviour Jesus Christ, the selfsame sub tiam, pro necessaria defensione mea proponam stance that was hanged and shed upon the contravel praetensas literas commissionales hu cross; the same day afternoon, having
jusmodi, vel contra personas aliquorum vestrum, great rabblement with him his damnable quatenus liceat expediat sub protestatione sect, openly the pulpit within my diocese, praedicta, facultatem dictas praetensas literas did preach erroneously the people against commissionales forma originali inspiciendi, and maliciously inveighing against my set carum veram, integram, fidelem copiam de mon, denied the verity and presence Christ's bite exinde mihi fieri humiliter peto postulo true body and blood the same sacra prout juris est hac parte, tenore praesentium ment, and also falsely and untruly interpreted nihilominus testatum manifeste relinquens, quod and expounded my words. And especially, observantiam reverentiam, obedientiam where preached and affirmed the very true honorem, caetera quaecunque serenissimae body and blood our Saviour Jesus Christ Regia Majestati Domino mwo supremo has the said Sacrament, the sclf-same sub
contra formam tenorem earundem, vel contra
hac parte,
de and seducers the people, especially touching
be in
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661] STATE TRIALS, 3 Edw. VI. 1550. —for opposing Reformation. [662
stance that was hanged and shed upon the cross, like ass, (as ass indeed) falsely changed and turned the word that into as, like ass, saying, that had said
hanged, and was shed upon the cross.
The Archbishop hereupon perceiving the
bishop's drift, and hearing him talk much the presence Christ's body and blood the sacrament, said unto him: My lord
thereunto, wherefore now shew what you have say for your defence.
Whereto the Bishop first asking the arch bishop had said and done, and again saying yea, made this answer: My lord,
the last day that appeared before you, re member there sat the king's majesty's com mission, your grace, you my lord Rochester, you master secretary Peter, and you naster dean Paul's, but now perceive there sitteth also master secretary Smith. Who because
London, speak much
Sacrament: what presence what presence you mean
presence there, and
the
Where with the bishop being somewhat stirred and moved
sat not the beginning, nor took there the Commission upon him, ought not do: for the law, they which begin must continue
mind, appeared his choleric countenance,
spake again the archbishop very earnestly the Commission. Whereupon the archbishop and said, What presence my lord? say and first answered, that was lawyer, and believe that there the very true presence otherefore could not certainly show what the the body and blood Christ. What believe law willeth that case, but saith he, the law you, and how you believe, my lord? Upon
which words the abp. because saw his answer
dark and subtil, and minding somewhat nip
the gross absurdity the Papists, asked him fur
ther whether were there, face, nose, mouth,
eyes, arms, and lips, with other lineaments
his body Whereat the bishop shaking his Then said master secretary Peter the head, said, Oh! am right sorry hear your
grace speak these words, and therewith boldly
urged the archbishop shew his mind therein.
Who wisely weighing the fond presumption
the party, with the place and occasion their ters from study the law, have perhaps for assembly, refused then do, saying, that gotten what the law will precisely this their being there that time was not dis point: but admit the law were you say, pute those matters, but prosecute their yet yourself knoweth, my lord, that this our
commission committed them their prince, certain rule law. Quod consuctudo and therefore willed him answer them unto
such things were objected against him. nor cannot deny, but that the custom coin
Whereupon, under his protestation, re monly this realm judgments and com
quired have copy both the commission, missions used the contrary; and very
and also the denunciation given unto him, deed together the court, having the
with time answer thereto. Which the com missioners willingly granted, assigning him there appear again before them upon Friday then next following, eight the clock before
commission presented unto took upon us; and therefore you stick such trifling matters you shall rather my judgment hurt
yourself and your matter, than otherwise— noon, and then answer the tenor the de Truly master secretary, said the bishop, have
nunciation. And for that day (he com also long while been disused, the study
plaining somewhat the shortness answer) they altogether departed.
Seeretary Peter, Secretary Smith, and the
Dean Paul's.
law, but having occasion, partly reason
his time
the Chapel Lambeth, before the Archbishop and other Jour Commissioners, the Bishop Rochester,
this matter turn my books say, and yet said,
the way, not minding
you that point. —At which words, master
secretary Smith said also unto the bishop Well my lord London, cunning you
make yourself the law, there here that know the law well you; and for my part
The second Appearance Bonner
find the law tell you hereof
Upon Friday the 13th Sept. aforenamed,
four commissioners, associated then also with have studied the law too, and promise you,
sir Thomas Smith knight, the other the king's two principal secretaries, and joint commis
summarily, depleno, and cut such frivo bishop's chapel within his house Lambeth. lous allegations. Well (said the bishop again) Before whom, according their former assign look well your commission, and you shall ment there and then appeared the bishop find therein these words, To proceed accord
London. To whom the archbishop, the ing the law and justice, and ask both law name the rest, first said, My lord London, and justice your hands. -
the last time you were before us, we laid cer Then master secretary Peter willed him
tain articles and matter your cbarge touch stand more thereupon, but proceed unto ing your disobedience the king's majesty, answer. Whereupon took forth writ and you have this day Kaake your answer ing, whereig was contained answer the
sioner with them, sat judicially the arch
indeed, surely take unrea sonable law. —Well, said the bishop, there here that know the law, and yet say not this
the intent stand stick much this point with you, but tell you were
the way; for have here mine answer ready.
bishop. My lord, good sooth must say unto you, that although have professed the law,
discontinuance and disuse thereof, and having been occupied long time other mat
juris interpres optimus, and am sure you will not,
these but quiddities and quirks invented delay matters, but our commission proceed
stick much with
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663] STATE TRIALS, 3 Edw. VI. 1550–Proceedings against Bishop Bonner, [664
denunciation exhibited the day before by Lati Christ's blessed body upon the cross, calling mer and Hooper, and delivering it unto the arch mathematical, and excluding thereby the true.
bishop, said, that it was of his own hand and very substance thereof—3. Item, that the writing, and for lack of sufficient time written said Jo. Hooper both persevere and continueth so hastily and cursorily that it could scarcely still his said poisoned and wicked venomous be read of any other, and therefore he desired doctrine, points maintaining and defend to read it himself; and so taking it again, read ing the same and every part thereof the it openly, the copy whereof here followeth: ways can, specially against the presence
The Answer of Bishop Bonner made to the De Christ's blessed body the sacrament the . nunciation aforesaid. - Altar; and his said books, especially the said de
“I claration Christ and his Office, doth yet EDMUND bishop of London, concerning allow and maintain good and catholic, where
William Latimer and John Hooper, the pre indeed heretical, wicked and damnable: the tended denunciators of this matter here now contents of which doctrine and book so enti
before you, and for answer unto the unlawful, tled, the said Latiner, especially touching the untrue and uncharitable pretended denuncia heresy against the verity Christ's body and
tion of them, lately, indeed contrary to justice his true presence the sacrament the Altar, and good reason, exhibited here and read before hath heard,taught, read, preached, belicted, hol you, under protestation heretofore made by ine, den, maintained, and kept, and this present and read unto you, remaining in the acts of doth yet believe hold, maintain, and keep, con this court, unto which I refer me, and have trary the faith Christ's catholic church, and the same here again for repeated and rehearsed
to purposes agreeable the law, for my
necessary defence and help alledge and say
followeth. alledge and say, That the
said William Latimer and John Hooper,
either them, were not, nor now are
admitted any wise, virtue this any
other commission, denunciators against me church Christ, well this realm, also their bishop specially, for that they and either throughout Christendom, being excom
the unity the same observed amongst true Christian people, incuring thereby heresy, ex communication, and schism, the loss both of their souls and their believers. Item, that the said Latimer and Hooper, and either them, being these vile and detestable qualities, and consequently the ordinance the catholic
them have well before the time their municate and cast out thereby from the said
pretended denunciation, and also, then and
since been and vile and infamed, notorious
church, are not this pretended denunciation against me their bishop, nor any judicial act, admitted, nor yet accompanied
criminous persons, and also open and manifest
notable heretics, especially concerning the sa withal, answered unto, but are scripture, crament the catholic church, and namely and the order Christ's catholic church here in concerning the blessed sacrament the altar, this realm, utterly and truly excluded, by reason which their heresies they were and avoided, detested, eschewed, and abhorred,
the order the said catholic church,
here this realm England, justly and duly
excommunicated and accursed, and have divided
themselves thereby from the unity and in
tegrity Christ's catholic church, and for such
persons they have been and are named, re untruly deduce that they have made their said puted, and taken openly, notoriously and com pretended denunciation, not moved any malice
only amongst the catholic people this
realm England, and especially this city
London, familiarly haunting and conversant
with sacramentaries, and openly known con seem have great care and solicitude of, demned heretics, and favourers and abettors of where very deithey and such they are by
the same and their detestable and pestilent sundry ways, and specially their corrupt doctrine and heresy. Item, that the said doctrine, and heretical naughty preaching and John Hooper, amongst other his poisoned infecting the king's majesty's people, have
and venomous doctrine, and amongst other disturbed and greatly inquieted the good tran
his erroneous, detestable, and abominable
errors and heresies taught and spread abroad
here within this realm, infecting and poison
ing the king's subjects there with, hath before
the time the said pretended denunciation,
damuably and detestably made divers errone.
ous and heretical books, especially one, enti
tled declaration Christ and his office, first day September last past, after that the printed (as falsely surmiseth) Zurick, said bishop London had made the sermon Augustine friers, where many places here Paul's Cross, assemble maliciously, uncharita tically and damnably denieth the true presence bly, and unlawfully, great rabblement such
Christ's body the blessed sacrament the himself, within my diocese and jurisdic *ltar, and also effect denieth the verity tion, and under the colour reading, did
manner wise, faithful and true christian people, fearing God, and desiring the advancement the truth. Item, that where the said Latimer and Hooper, their said pre tended denunciation, amongst other things, do
evil will, but for the good tranquility and governance this realm, which, they pretend their gay and glorious proheine, they would
quillity and governance dently and notorious
this realm, evi well known; the truth
that this their saying false for notorious
evident and plain and lawfully shall be
proved, that the said Hooper, conspiring with the said Latinier and other heretics of their
factious sect and damnable opinion, did the
of
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in
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of
all
665] STATE TRIALS, 3 Edw. VI. 1550–for opposing Reformation. [666
openly and manifestly rail and inveigh against
me the said bishop, for my said sermon, not for any such matter, pretence, cause,
my lawful and necessary defence this behalf– Item, that case any such injunctions with
articles, after such form and fashion, had falsely and untruly surmised the said pre been delivered unto me surmised and pre
tended denunciation, but only and chiefly for
that the said bishop, became christian
tended, yet false and untrue that the said bishop either left out, refused declare the same for any such cause causes, falsely
man, especially him that had and hath cure and
charge his flock, faithfully and truly teach and untruly surmised the said pretended de
thein, did, taking occasion the communion nunciation, else perversely and negligently not frequented nor reverenced, but neglected did, likewise the said pretended denun
ciation dednced, which thing may well ap pear the discourse my said sermon, where
and contemned, confess and declare my faith and belief openly before my audience, touching the blessed sacrament of the altar ministered
the same communion, affirming the catholic
substance and effect declared faithfully and truly these points specially following; that teacheth, wit, against .
church affirmeth and that the
blessed sacrament the altar there the very prince get unto them damnation, and those true body our Saviour Christ, the self same that refuse the higher power resist the ordi
substance that hanged upon the cross, and nance God, and that dieth therefore
the very true blood our Saviour Christ, the
self same substance that was shed upon the
cross. Against which affirmation and assertion,
being catholic and true, the said Hooper (al
beit now colourably, and falsely, and foolishly
pretendeth another matter more plausible his ing the rebels Devonshire, Cornwall, Nor opinion and judgment sundry places the folk, and elsewhere within this realm, standing city and suburbs London) hath since that time doubt whether might put them the maliciously inveighed and taught, learning and place those that put trust themselves and teaching his audience heretically, being inany despised other, the place both,
number, and assembling great routs, doing they did, forgetting God, not duly reprove, contemn and despise the said blessed considering the king's majesty their supreme sacrament the Altar, and not have true head next and immediately under God, for and faithful belief hitherto always the getting their wives, their children, their kins catholic church hath ever had, the said Wm. folk, their alliance, acquaintance, and friends, Latimer, and the rabblement his complices, yea themselves, and their native country, and conspiring and agreeing points therein, and most unnaturally rebelling against their sove-, inducing other the same, not making any reign lord and king, whom God's law they such pretence all, they their said pre were bound love, serve, and faithfully obey;
that such rebel their
rebellion the word God utterl damned, and loseth both body and alledging for this purpose the 13th chapter
St. Paul the Romans, and large de claring unto the audience furthermore, speak
ries the king's majesty, otherwise, that the said surmise, such sort and fashion
moved also and induced Cain to kill his bro
falsely surmise and de did the best my power dissuade rebel
tended denunciation
duce, but only and chiefly offended for my said lion, and exhort the audience unto true obe
assertion, and affirmation the verity Christ's
body and blood the sacrament the altar. —
Item, that where the said Wm. Latimer and
John Hooper their said pretended denuncia wall, Devonshire, Norfolk, elsewhere, who
tion further reduce and falsely surmise that take upon them assemble power and force the said bishop London had delivered me against their king and prince, against the laws from the king's majesty, the hands the and statutes the realm, and went about lord protector's grace, and the rest the king's subvert the order the commonwealth, did majesty's council, certain injunctions with ar not only deserve therefore death, rebels and ticles insinuated and preached the traitors, butalso did accumulate unto them king's majesty's subjects certain day limited, selves eternal damnation, even the and after such sort, form, and manner, burning fire hell, with Lucifer the father and the said pretended denunciation surmised un first author pride, disobedience and rebel truly, deduced notorious and evi lion. And here did ask who had induced the dent,
well the tenour and continue said rebels thus which answered that writing which was me the said bishop another question, demanding who moved and London delivered the hands Thomas induced Eve take the apple and break her Smith knight, one the two principal secreta obedience against God's commandment who
ther Abel yea, who moved Judas the apostle betray his master Christ was not the referring me the tenour the said writing, devil? yes truly, and said that his which neither was signed with the king's ma great malice and hatred men and good order hath moved and induced these rebels this
deduced and made, not true this behalf,
jesty's hand, nor sealed with any his majesty's seal signet, nor yet subscribed any the
unnatural rebellion against their prince and sovereign lord. Whereupon asked what pre tences they had, and answering thereto, said
that amongst athur they had masses and holy
said council, delivered after such sort alledged and pretended, more evidently here after shall appear and suiliciently proved for
dience being thus commanded and rebel lion being like manner forbidden under pains eternal damnation, all these rebels Corn
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667] STATE TRIALS, 3 Epw. 1550–Proceedings against Bishop Bonner, [60s water, upon which exclaiming against them, bellion, made evil and unprofitable, putting
said, Good Lord! not this marvellous thing, palliate, colour, excuse, and maintain rebel
example the fact Saul reserving the fat sheep for sacrifice, and Korah, Dathan, and
Abirain, and also Nadab and Abihu, Aaron's
lion, and inobedience, pretend mass holy
water, who saith, that these things had two children, and the Galileans, whose blood
been instituted and ordained defend, main tain, and excuse rebellion, treason, and in
obedience, which told the audience they could not do. And thereupon brought four texts
alledging the 16th chapter
Numbers, the 15th chapter
Kings, the 10th chapter
fourth that myself added also, the 13th St.
Luke, joined with the 5th the Acts, setting
them forth the best could, one not much
exercised preaching, but restrained there
from. And here concluded, that whatsoever
pretences these rebels had masses, holy
water, such other, could not any wise
excuse defend their rebellion and obedi them, else their prayers shall but vain,
must join and with their devotion faithful scripture prove this thing that said, obedience, and then they shall win the gar
the book the first book
land, and otherwise have but zeal, sed non secundum scientiam, deserving thanks
Leviticus, and the
ence, referring myself herein the indifferent hearers the said audience. And here pull ing out writing, sent from the king's majesty's privy council unto me, touching the victory against the said rebels, which for brevity time my memory would not serve declare without book, did rehearse writing word
word. doing whereof well appeared,
that did not favour the opinion the said
rebels, nor maintain their enterprise, but con
trariwise did detest them and their doings,
declaring obedience better than sacrifice;
and that disobedience and rebellion nothing where with the said Latimer and Hooper, with could did please Almighty God. Further,
taking occasion the proud pharisee and the
humble publican ascending into the Temple
pray, and noting the outward and external said pretended denunciation untruly, and un doing them both, with the success thereof, charitably deduce and alledge, that my
declared the audience touching the order said sermon did intreat such things, most of the church and the external rites and cere should move and stir the people disorder
monies the divine service, that for much and dissention, doth hereby evidently and
God requireth humility heart, innocency
living, knowledge him, charity and love
faithfully made the loyal obedience sub his ministers, and the superior powers, we jects the king's majesty, the supreme and
must bring these things our prayers, sovereign lord, and the great peril and danger all our service, and that this the sacrifice rebellion committed subjects against
that Christ requireth, and that these the their king and prince and sovereign lord,
our neighbour, and obedience his word,
things that make other things pleasant Almighty God; further saying, that the externel rites are but exercises religion, and appointed
moving, provoking and stirring people discord and dissension, else that the athr
mation and assertion catholick the verity superior powers, and that the choosing Christ's body and blood the blessed sacra thereof we must obey the magistrates, and that ment the altar, set forth me afore, doth
we also see that those things ever have effect and work such disorder and dissension
been and shall divers, the time and place for evident those which indifferently and yet hath pleased God, long heard my said sermon, that (grounding my humility heart, innocency living, knowing self upon scripture, and taking occasion the God, charity and love our neighbour, Sunday then occurrent) did speak specially with obedience God’s word, God's ministers, and earnestly these two things, without tax
and superior powers, are concurrent and pre ing any man specially maine, other cir sent there with. --7. Moreover, then said, that cumstance, slander them thereby, and did
any man should use rites, and disobey thereby both set forth the obedience and duty all the superior powers, the devotion his cere subjects, generaliv their king, and specially
mony was made evil his disobedience. In subjects this realm the king's majesty soniuch that that which, standing the law, might that now whose minority people
Pilate did mire with their sacrifices. And
thereupon told the audience that they must herein especially two things: the first, they
praise God; and also they must with and their obedience join devotion, knowing that
God more doth require and consider the heart, then the outward doing. And thereupon ex
horted the audience, that when they came take the communion, hear say the service, appointed the king's majesty, they must bring devotion and inward prayer with
wanting and lacking that thing which God
requireth, that the heart and mind pray him. And herein because marvelled that
the communion was more frequented now a-days, and lamenting the unreverent coming
and using fearing that proceeded
evil opinion and belief touching the sacra ment the altar, ministered and distributed
the same communion, and the intent
make the people have better opinion than they seemed have, did faithfully, truly and
plainly declare my belief the said sacrament,
their complices, were much offended and aggrieved. —8. Item that where the said William Latimer and John Hooper further the
clearly appear, that either the said pretended denunciators do take and esteem declaration
good, was pride, disobedience, and re this realm more thau manifest, and also
be
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669]
STATE TRIALS, 3 Edw. VI. 1550-for opposing the Reformation. [670
apparent, or evidently known to the whole the rest the sacraments world beside and also, did then declare and chiefly against the sacrament lay open the imminent danger and great peril were for the same the orders
the church,
the altar; and the church
rebellion subjects against the high powers excommunicated and accursed, and were
and authority, and also specially the rebellion taken the catholics this realm, and es
late committed them Devonshire, Corn pecially Hooper; who, besides other his poi
wall, Norfolk, and elsewhere, against the king's
majesty that now which would not have done, except both had believed that the king's subjects without exception were bound
obey the king's majesty even now was, and shall be, during his life, which our
Lord long preserve our comforts and wealth, and also that the rebellion late committed against his majesty was damn
soned doctrine and heresy amongst the people, had also before the time of the denunciation made divers erroneous and heretical books against the true presence Christ's body
the sacrament the altar, and did also con tinue the same, allowing and maintaining
good and catholic. Which books and doc trine, chiefly against the sacrament the altar, William Latimer had and then likewise did al low, believe, and teach, the loss both
able, and utterly detestable and condemned
God's law; and herein refer me the indiffe their own souls, and also their believers, and rent hearers this my sermon, wishing that therefore were not now morought any time
this Latimer, and Hooper, with
the rest be admitted either this their denunciation faithfully, against him, any other judicial act; and always that the rather also, because that although they
these new preachers, did mean
truly, obediently and catholicy,
have done toward the king's majesty, his pretend their denunciation, that they made honour, authority, royal power, and surety
his person and realm, and did not more move,
incourage, and stir the king's majesty's sub
clared the injunctions and articles aforesaid, their denunciation, but because had and that did appear unto their judg his sermon declared, the catholic church ments; say, that their judgments are cor taught, that the sacrament the altar there rupted and only set slander and picking was the very true body and bleod Christ, quarrels this behalf, being well assured and the same substance that was hanged and
credibly informed that and honest catholic persons
the worshipful shed upon the cross.
-
thing purpose evil will, that might
the satisfaction people both good and bad every condition and point, specially this behalf, collecting and gathering together, with
own hand, neither sealed with his highness's
seal signet, nor yet subscribed any his council, &c.
not the same any malice evil will towards him, but for the good tranquillity and quiet go vernance this realm, yet was notoriously known, that well the same day afternoon
jects sedition, tumult, and inobedience,
their erroneous doctrine and teaching, than
did any time encourage, Inode, stir any Cross Paul's, also sundry other times, them any wise; give occasion any they two, conspiring with other their faction, the same. —9. Item, where the said Wm. did maliciously and unlawfully within his dio Latimer and John Hooper falsely surmise cese assemble together great rabblement
their pretended denunciation, that was such themselves were, and there under the light ground looked for, that the said colour reading did openly rail and inveigh bishop London should more apertly have de against him, not for any the causes pretended
which the said bishop preached the
my said audi Then, after these vain and frivolous allega touching obe tions against the denouncers, cometh and
ence were fully satisfied both
dience the king's majesty
and minority, and also touching the penalty ciation, and saith, that where they the same and great peril punishments for the rebellion
his tender age answereth the substance of their denun
lately committed against the said majesty
the foresaid rebels. And moreover
say, that before my lord protector's grace, and
the rest the king's majesty's most honour
able council then present, made my excuse
and alledged many impediments for my not tion, such sort was deduced, was most preaching the cross, and did not further pro false and untrne, for that the articles delivered mise but the best could, which my unto him Thomas Smith, one the king's
fidelity and conscience did, not omitting any secretaries, were neither signed with the king's
Where mark, beseech you, the subtilty all diligent study, that might make, my disloyal papist, who, because the articles
judgment and opinion, for the better setting were not sealed the king and his council, forth of the same. ” would make them therefore not any
Thus have you Bonner's Answer the De such force, that the breach thereof should nunciation aforesaid wherein first alledg cause him incur the danger contemptuous ed, rather shamelessly and slanderously ca disobedience. But admit they were not signed villed, that those his denouncers were vile, in nor sealed, which thing the way the famed and notorious criminous persons, and denunciation there mention yea nay, also open and manifest heretics, well against yet manifest the second bill articles
falsely surmise that there were delivered unto him from the king's majesty, the hands
the lord protector and the rest his high ness's council, certain injunctions and articles
published and declared unto the people, day limited the same, their informa.
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671] STATE TRIALS, 3 Edw. VI. 1550–Proceedings against Bishop Bonner, [672
ministered unto him by the commissioners, in
the fourth act of his process, that at such time
as he was before the council, those articles
were by the commandment of the lord protec whereby
tor, openly there read unto him by one of the nouncers either took his catholic assertion of secretaries, and after addition of the article the verity Christ's body and blood the
concerning the king's lawful power and autho
rity during his young years, were also delivered
unto him by the hands of the lord protector,
in the presence of the rest of the council; who
thus receiving them promised there faithfully bellion committed against him, the cause
to accomplish the contents thereof. After disorder and dissension; for that, saith he, which, they were again delivered unto secre these two points chiefly spake, and espe tary Smith, amend such things therein cially obedience the king whose ini the lord protector and the rest the council nority was more than manifestly known,
had there appointed. Which being according well amongst the people this realm, else done, bishop himself the last re where throughout the oworld besides; which ceipt thereof confessed, were finally delivered would not have done, except had believed,
unto him the secretary; -and therefore was that both all his subjects were bounden
this but poor shift. obey him, even Now, after this, maketh supposition,
that case were true, that the injunctions
were delivered him according their informa
tion: yet was untrue that did omit re wished that his two denouncers, with all the fuse declare the same for any such causes rest the new preachers, did mean faith
ced their pretended denunciation, that his
sermon should stir
did intreat such things most unto disseusion and tumult; appeared unto him, that his de
sacrament the altar, else his faithful de
claration made the obedience subjects unto the king's majesty their supreme and so
vereign lord, with the peril and danger re
was and should be during his life, and also that the rebellion
late committed against him was detestable and condemned God's word and therefore
they had alledged against him, and that did
fully, obediently, and catholicly towards the king's honour, royal power, and surety per son, did, and had not more moved the
his sermon, said, the
well appear the discourse
which tendered principally,
disallowing and condemnation
and chiefly the rebels Devonshire, and Cornwall,
this realm England
their allegiance and duty unto their prince, as whereas his aforesaid denouncers surmise, that signed them God's word their supreme was light ground looked for,
head, their natural love and care for their appeared their judgments, that should country, wives, children, and kinsfolk, did both more apertly have declared the contents the deserve death bodily traitors, and also accu injunctions and articles than did, that their mulate unto themselves damnation body judgments were that behalf corrupted and and soul eternally with Satan, the father and set slander and picking quarrels for first mover rebellion and disobedience; was well assured, and credibly informed, that and here withal further exclaiming against the his honest and catholic audience were fully pretences those rebels, who amongst other satisfied, both touching their obedience the things pretended the mass and holy water, king's majesty his tender age, and also con with such like, which were never ordained for cerning the great penalty and peril that the the purpose
said Numbers,
Norfolk, Suffolk, elsewhere with Who forgetting
Then finally concluded and said, that
rebels, people tumults and disobedience their
erroneous doctrine and teaching, than he had any time given any occasion thereunto.
colour and maintain rebellion, late rebels incurred their disobedieuce. And then proved out the 16th besides that, when was before the lord pro Reg. 15, Levit. 10, and Luke tector and the rest the council, after he had
the best manner that made his excuse, and alledged many impedi ing, but restrained therefrom, but having humi did not then further promise but the best
13, and Acts
could, one not exercised greatly preach ments for his not preaching the cross,
lity heart, innocency living, knowledge
God, love our neighbours, with obedience God's word, ministers, and superior powers
concurrent with them, they being external rites and ceremonies the church, were exercises religion, and appointable superior powers;
unprofitable. -
And here he further said because he saw the
people slack coming the communion and
divine service set forth the king's majesty, godly law, but law the bishop Rome, and the intent he would make thern have For, said he, my matter and cause good, better opinion the sacrament than thought what should care who accuse me, yea they had, then faithfully did declare his be though were the devil hell. —No sir, said lief therein. Wherewith his denouncers being the bishop London, the king's law used wfcaded, they uncharitably and untruly dedu the realm. —Well my lord (said the archbi
and yet that, which, standing the law, might
good, was pride and disobedience made evil would have earnestly had the denouncers
could, which hath his fidelity and conscience accomplished, not omitting anything purpose evil will, that might satisfy the
people
any point concerning the premises. was thus reading these answers,
Whilst objecting
against his denouncers such causes and quarrels before alledged, for which
repelled the commissioners, the archbi shop Canterbury replied, That there were any such law, thought not good
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673] : STATE TRIALS, 3 Edw. VI. 1550–for opposing Reformation. [674
shop) too full your law; would wish
you had less knowledge that law; and more
knowledge God's law, and your duty. —
Well, answered the bishop again, seeing your
grace falleth wishing, can also wish many Monday the 16th September, 1549, the things your person. archbishop associated with the bishop Ro
Then spake secretary Peter the bishop chester, secretary Smith, and Dr. May dean
touching these denouncers, we are not strait Paul's, sat judicially within his chapel Lam
this matter, but that may proceed beth before whom there and then appeared against you, either their promotion, with the bishop London, according was as
signed the last session: which time exhibited unto the commissioners writing his answers unto the last former articles. —But be
out then our pleasure. —A God's name then, said Bonner, put them by, and then your
F.
you wot not what you would have follow said unto him, that his late answers, made the your mind these quiddities and quirks; and 13th Sept. unto the Denunciation were very
nothing else but delay justice. And you herein thieves, murderers, and trait ors, not have the truth known. —Say you
me, quoth the bishop thank you. Well
obscure, and therewith also contained much matter slander against Latimer and Hooper, and much untruth, and therefore they desired there purge themselves. Whereupon Lati mer, first obtaining leave speak, said, that the bishop London had most falsely, untruly, and uncharitably accused him, laying lis charge many fained and untrue matters his former answers the denunciation, and such
should never able prove. For where his said answer alledged, that Hugh
could say somewhat the place be, but
you also, were pass.
not my you
matter, fear not,
make for have your own hand-writing my discharge, which when shall sce time, shall shew forth. —My hand quoth the secre
not evil
The Form and Tenor of the Articles ministered
shall be, you me right, for ask
right. —Nay, said secretary Smith, you ask fore the same were there read, the archbishop
unto the Bishop London, the King's Commissioners.
tary. Let me see and read openly.
shall, said the bishop, when shall see Latimer and John Hooper, with other heretics
time. Then said Mr. Smith, you use thus conspiring against him, did the first day Sep
cunning lawyer. Indeed, quoth tember after the bishop's sermon assemble the bishop, knew the law, ere you could read themselves together unlawfully against the said
seen
With that, secretary Peter willed the bi bishop, that saying his was most untrue. shop proceed reading his answers; who For neither that day, nor yet before that day,
did, and when had finished, Latimer de nor until certain days after ever knew livered writing paper unto the archbi spake with Hooper. And touching his own shop and the rest the commissioners; who reaching there, openly accused the bishop, then said unto the bishop London, here said never held, taught, preached any certain articles which we intend minister thing concerning the blessed sacrament, other
unto you. The bishop therewith said, you wise than ought do, nor otherwise than
minister them your office, the promo according
tion these men: (pointing Latimer and
Hooper) for perceive they gave them unto
you. Nay, said secretary Peter, we will minister
them unto you, officio mero, and therefore
took oath the bishop fideliter respon
dendo. Who desiring copy the articles,
required also competent time given
unto him make answer thereunto. —To whom his charge. Then Master Hooper, upon like
licence obtained, said this effect:
“This ungodly man, pointing the bishop,
hath most uncharitably and ungodly accused me before your grace and this audience, and hath laid my charge that am heritic. Whereas take God record, never spake, read, taught, preached any heresy, but only the most true and pure word God. And where saith, frequent the company here
used his own council and books, and yet my tics, much marvel his saying: for
secretary Peter replied, saying, my lord here certain the articles touching your own
fact, which you may answer unto forthwith whether you wrote your sermon not before
Whereunto the bishop an wrote not, but drew cer Then those council, said he,
you preached
swered, that
tain notes
and advice used you making your sermon To which also answered, that had therein
chaplains, quoth he, much suspected doings many things, and sometimes
my hath pleased my lord protector's grace, my singu for lar good lord and master, and my lady's grace, have me with them, and have preached be
theirs, when there cause why.
These words ended, the commissioners as fore them, and much used their company, with
signed him Monday the 16th September then divers other worshipful persons, and therefore
next following, appear before them, and suppose this man meaneth them. And fur make his full answers unto all the Articles mi ther, whercas he saith that have made here
nistered unto him them this day, the con tical books against the blessed sacrament the tents whereof are followeth; body aud blood Christ, calling mathcala
WQL.
the scriptures, and true catholic Christ's church; and therefore offered tried the archbishop, other such learned men should please the king's
faith himself
majesty, and further quartered,
the said commissioners appoint; suffer, hanged, drawn, and
the bishop could justly prove true the things that had there shamefully laid
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675] STATE TRIALS, 3 Edw. VI. 1550–Proceedings against Bishop Bonner, [676
tical, I perceive that this man knoweth not what this word mathematical there meaneth,
and therefore understandeth not my book: which, I take God to be my judge, I have made truly and sincerely, and according to his holy
one clean void humanity, turned himself about unto the people, saying, Well, now hear what the bishop London saith for his part. But the commissioners, seeing his inordinate con tumacy, denied him speak any Inore, saying, that used himself very disobediently, with
word : and by the same his holy word and scrip
tures I am always and shall be ready to submit more like words. -Notwithstanding, still myself to your grace's judgment and the supe persisting his unreverent manner dealing rior powers to be tried; with many such more with the commissioners, pulled out his sleeve words of like importance. ” Which ended, the another book, and then said unto the arch archbishop, to shorten this matter, asked the bishop; My lord Canterbury, have here bishop how he could prove that Hooper and note out your books that you made touching Latimer assembled together against him the the blessed sacrament, wherein you affirm first of September, as he had alledged, seeing the verity the body and blood Christ
they now denied and therefore willed him answer forthwith thereunto.
The bishop then answered, that would duly
rove that might admitted according law, and with that pulled out
the sacrament, and have another book also yours the contrary opinion; which
marvellous matter. —To the which the arch
bishop answered, that made books con
trary one another, and that would defend his sleeve certain books, saying, have this his books, howbeit thought the bishop un
varlet's books which made against the blessed Sacrament which you shall hear. Then
was turning certain leaves thereof Hooper began again speak: but the bishop, turn ing himself towards him, tauntingly said, put
derstood them not: for promise you, quoth he, will find boy ten years old, that shall
more apt understand that matter than you my lord London be.
This after much multiplying like words, the your pipes, you have spoken for your part, commissioners, thinking not good spend any will meddie more with you, and there more waste time with him, willed him shew with read certain sentence upon the book. forth his Answers unto the Articles objected
Which done, said, Lo here you may see his the last day against him. Whereupon, opinion, and what At which words the having them ready, did read the same openly
people standing behind, and socing his unre
verent and unseemly demeanour and railing, fell suddenly into great laughing. Whereat the bishop being moved, and perceiving not the cause wherefore they did laugh, turned him
towards them cocks, woodcocks.
them. Wherein after many words
his former Protestation recited, with nar vellous lamentation see that one of his
vocation, the malicious denunciation vile
heretics, should used after such strange great rage, saying, Ah wood sort, having nevertheless done the best he could declare his obedience unto the king's ma jesty for the repressing and discouraging re
the commissioners, why say Marry, quoth he, may well call them woodcocks, that thus will laugh, and
Then said one you my lord
bellion and rebels, and also for the advancement the verity Christ's true body and his pre sence the sacrament the altar, for which
know not whereat, not yet heard what said
read.