In this position he continued until the Papius Mutilus, and adorned with the insignia of
death of Alexander, and was confirmed in his royalty, in order to produce a moral effect upon the
government, both in the first division of the pro- Numidian auxiliaries in the service of the Roman
vinces immediately after that event, and in the sub-general L.
death of Alexander, and was confirmed in his royalty, in order to produce a moral effect upon the
government, both in the first division of the pro- Numidian auxiliaries in the service of the Roman
vinces immediately after that event, and in the sub-general L.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - c
The Dareius Codomannus, commanded the contingent
Fasti, by J. Gower, Cambridge, 1640, 8vo. furnished by his father to Dareius at the battle of
Besides the two ancient memoirs of Ovid com- | Arbela, B. C. 331. On the approach of Alexander
monly prefixed to his works, several short accounts to Susa, Oxathres was sent to meet him and bear
of his life, by Aldus Manutius, Paulus Marsus, the submission of Abulites : he was favourably
Ciofani, and others, are collected in the 4th vol. of received, and soon after appointed to the govern-
Burmann's edition. In the same place, as wellment of Paraetacene, which he held until the
as in Lemaire's edition, will be found Masson's return of Alexander from India, when he was put
Life, originally published at Amsterdam in 1708. to death by the king for maladministration of his
This is one of the most elaborate accounts of Ovid, province. According to Plutarch, Alexander slew
but too discursive, and not always accurate. There him with his own hand. (Arr. Anab. jü. 8, 16,
is a short sketch in Crusius' Lives of the Roman 19, vii. 4 ; Curt. v. 2. $ 8; Diod. xvii. 65; Plut.
Poets. By far the best Life is the Italian one by Alex. 68. )
the Cavaliere Rosmini, Milan, 1821, 2 thin vols. 4. A son of Dionysius tyrant of Heracleia and
8vo. (2nd ed. )
(T. D. ] of Amastris, the daughter of No. 2. He succeeded,
OVI'DIUS JUVENTI'NUS. (JUVENTINUS. ) together with his brother Clearchus, to the sove-
OVI'NIL'S. 1. The proposer of a plebiscitum, reignty of Heracleia on the death of Dionysius,
of uncertain date, which gave the censors certain B. C. 306: but the government was administered
powers in regulating the list of the senators. Re- by Amastris during the minority of her two sons.
sprcting the provisions of this law, see Dict. of Ant. Soon after the young men had attained to man-
6. d. Lea Ovinia.
hood and taken the direction of affairs into their
2. Q. OVINIUS, a Roman senator, was put to own hands, they caused their mother to be put to
## p. 75 (#91) ##############################################
OXYARTES.
75
OXYTHEMIS.
death: but this act of parricide bronght upon them OXYATHRES. (OXATHRES. )
the vengeance of Lysimachus, who made himself OXYCANUS ('Očunavós), or PORTICANUS, as
master of Heracleia, and put both Clearchus and he is called by Q. Curtius, an Indian prince, whose
Oxathres to death. According to Diodorus, they territories lay to the west of those of Musicanus.
bad reigned seventeen years ; but Droysen assigns On the approach of Alexander he bad not come to
their death to the year 6. c. 285. (Memnon, meet him, or sent ambassadors to make his sub-
c. 4–6; Diod. u. 77 ; Droysen, Hellenism. vol. i. mission to the conqueror. Alexander accordingly
pp. 609, 634. )
marched against him, and speedily took by storm
5. A son of Mithridates the Great, who was two of his cities, Oxycanus himself being made pri-
taken prisoner in the insurrection of the citizens Boner. The other towns in his dominions speedily
of Phanagoria, B, C. 64. He was afterwards submitted.
given up to Pompey, by whom he was led captive It has been supposed that in the latter part of
in his triumph at Rome. (Appian, Mithr. 108, the names Oxycanus and Musicanus is to be traced
117. )
the word Khawn or Khan Bo that Oxycanus might
OXYARTES ('ofuáptns) or OXARTES ('OE mean the Rajab of Ouche, Musicanus the Rajah
dpmns). Concerning the different forms of this of Moosh. To this it is objected that Khan is a
name see OXAT RES.
Turkish title, and that there is nothing to show
· 1. A king of Bactria, said to have been con- that it was in use in that region at the time of
temporary with Ninus king of Assyria, by whom his Alexander's invasion. (Arrian, vi. 16. & 1; Q. Curt.
kingdom was invaded and conquered. The history ix. 8. $ 11; Thirlwall, Hist. Gr. vol. vii. p. 48,
of this expedition, though doubtless a niere fable, note).
(C. P. M. )
is given in great detail by Diodorus (ii. 6). He OXYDATES ('Oxudárns), a Persian of high
appears to be the same person who is called by rank, who, for some cause or other, had been im-
Syncellus and Eusebius, Zoroaster. (Syncell
. p. prisoned by Dareius at Susa, and was found lying
133 ; Euseb. Arm. p. 44 ; Wesseling, ad Drod. l. c. ; there under sentence of death, when the city fell
Baehr, ad Cles. p. 405. )
into the hands of Alexander. For this reason he
2. A Bactrian, father of Roxana, the wife of seemed the more likely to be faithful to Alexander,
Alexander the Great. He is first mentioned as who appointed him satrap of Media In this office
one of the chiefs who accompanied Bessus on his Oxydates was subsequently superseded by Arsaces.
retreat across the Oxus into Sogdiana (Arr. Anab. (Arrian, iii. 20. § 4; Curt. ri. 2. § 11, viii. 3.
iï. 28. § 15). After the death of Bessus, Oxyartes Ø 17. )
[C. P. M. )
deposited his wife and daughters for safety in a OʻXYLUS (očulos). 1. A son of Ares and
rock fortress in Sogdiana, which was deemed im- Protogeneia. (Apollod. i. 7. 8 7. )
pregrable, but which nevertheless soon fell into the 2. A son of Haemon (according to Apollod. ii.
hands of Alexander, who not only treated his 8. § 3, of Andraemon), and husband of Pieria, by
captives with respect and attention, but was so whom he became the father of Aetolus and Laïas.
charmed with the beauty of Roxana as to design He was descended from a family of Elis, but lived
to make her his wife. Oxyartes, on learning these in Aetolia ; and when the Dorians invaded Pelopon-
tidings, hastened to make his submission to the nesus, they, in accordance with an oracle, chose
conqueror, by whom he was received with the him as one of their leaders. He afterwards became
utmost distinction ; and celebrated by a magnificent king of Elis, which he conquered. (Paus. v. 3, in
feast the nuptials of his daughter with the king, fin. 4. § 1, &c. ; Aristot. Polit. vi. 2. & 5; Strab.
B. C. 327 (Art, Anab. iv. 18, 19, 20. § 7 ; Curt. viii. p. 333. )
viii
. 4. § 21—29 ; Strab. xi. p. 517 ; Plut. Alex. 3. A son of Orius, who became the father of the
47; concerning the discrepancies in these statements Hamadryades, by his sister Hamadryas. (Athen.
see Mützell, ad Curt. l. c. and Droysen's Alexander, iï. p. 78. )
(L. S. )
p. 346). Shortly after we find him successfully OXYNTAS ('Očúvtas), son of Jugurtha, was
interposing to prevail upon Chorienes to surrender led captive, together with his father, before the
his rock fortress; and at subsequent period he triumphal car of Marius (B. c. 104); but his life
was appointed by Alexander satrap of the province was spared, and he was placed in custody at
of Paropamisus, or India south of the Caucasus Venusia. Here he remained till B. c. 90, when he
(Arr. Anab. iv. 21, vi. 15 ; Curt. ix. 8. 8 9 ; Plut. was brought forth by the Samnite general, C.
Alex. 58).
In this position he continued until the Papius Mutilus, and adorned with the insignia of
death of Alexander, and was confirmed in his royalty, in order to produce a moral effect upon the
government, both in the first division of the pro- Numidian auxiliaries in the service of the Roman
vinces immediately after that event, and in the sub-general L. Caesar. The device was successful,
sequent one at Triparadeisus, B. C. 321 (Diod. xviii. and the Numidians deseited in great numbers ;
3, 39 ; Justin, xiii. 4 ; Arrian. ap. Phot. p. 71, b. ; but of the subsequent fortunes of Oxyntas we know
Dexippus, ibid. p. 64, b. ). At a later period we find nothing. (Eutrop. iv. 27 ; Orog, v. 15; Appian,
him sending a small force to the support of Eumenes; B. C. i. 42. )
(E. H. B. )
but after the death of that general, B. C. 316, he OXY THEMIS ('Očúbeus), a friend of Deme-
Beems to have come to terms with Antigonus, who trius Poliorcetes, who was sent by him to the court
was content to assume the appearance of confirming of Agathocles, king of Sicily, with whom he had
him in an authority of which he would have found just concluded an alliance, ostensibly in order to
it difficult to dispossess him (Diod. xix. 14, 48). receive the ratification of the treaty, but with a
It seems probable that he must have died be- secret mission to examine the real state of affairs
fore the expedition of Seleucus against India, in Sicily. The death of Agathocles followed
as we find that monarch ceding Paropamisus to shortly after, B. c. 289, and it was Oxythemis who
Sandracottus without any mention of Oxyartes. placed him on the funeral pile, as we are told,
(Strab. XV. p. 724 ; Droysen, Hellenism. vol. i. p. before life was yet extinct. (Diod. xxi. Exc.
520. )
(E. H. B. ) Mocsch. pp. 491, 492. )
(E. H. B]
## p. 76 (#92) ##############################################
76
PACCIUS.
PACHES.
WA
N
GIMPTIT
COIN OF THE EMPEROR PACATIANUS.
at Rome. He made a large fortune by the sale of
a certain medicine of his own invention, which was
P.
much employed, and the composition of which he
kept a profound secret. At his death he left his
PACARIUS, DEʻCIMUS, procurator of Cor-prescription as a legacy to the Emperor Tiberius,
sica in a. D. 69, wished to send assistance to Vi. who, in order to give it as wide a circulation as
tellius, but was murdered by the inhabitants. possible, ordered a copy of it to be placed in all
(Tac. Hist. ii. 16. )
the public libraries. (Scribon. Larg. De Compos.
PACATIA’NUS, a Roman emperor, known to Medicam. c. 23. § 97. p. 209; Marcell. Empir.
us only from coins, a specimen of which is annexed. De Medicam. c. 20. p. 324. ) Some of his medical
I'rom the number of coins of this emperor found in formulae are quoted by Galen (I)e Compos. Medi.
Austria, Eckhel thinks that the brief reign of Pa- cam, sec. Loc. iv. 4, 8, ix. 4, vol. xii. pp. 715, 751,
cutianus was probably in Pannonia or Moesia. The 760, 772, 782, xiii. 284 ; De Compos. Medicam.
full name of Pacatianus was T1. Cl. Mar. PACA- sec. Gen. vii. 7, rol. xiii. p. 984), Scribonius Largus
TIANUS. Mar. is variously interpreted, some
(1. c. , and c. 40. $ 156. p. 218), Aëtius (ii. 3. $ 109,
making it Marius, some Marcius, and others Ma- | 111, pp. 354, 359), and Marcellus Empiricus
rinus. Eckhel adopts the last, and assigns the (1. c. ).
(W. A. G. ]
coins to the times of Philippus and Decius (Eckhel, PACENSIS, AEMI'LIUS, was tribune of the
vol. vii. p. 338). There was a Pacatianus, consul city cohorts (urbanae cohortes ) at the death of Nero,
A. D. 332, in the reign of Constantine (Fusti). but was deprived of this office by Galba. He sub-
sequently joined Otho, who restored to him his
tribunate, was chosen one of the generals of Otho's
army, and perished fighting in the Capitol against
the Vitellian troops, A. D. 69. (Tac. Hist. i. 20, 87,
ii. 12, iii. 73. )
PACHES (Téxas). An Athenian general, the
son of a man named Epicurus (or, according to
Diod. xii. 55, Epiclerus). In the autumn of B. C.
428 Paches was sent out at the head of 1000
hoplites to reinforce the troops which, on the
revolt of Mytilene, had been sent out under
Cleippides, and had entrenched themselves in two
PACA'TUS, CLAU'DIUS, although a centu- forts near the city, while the fleet blockaded the
rion, was restored to his master by Domitian, when harbour. On the arrival of Paches a wall was
he was proved to be his slave. (Dion Cass. lxvii. carried round the city on the land side, with forts
13. )
at the strongest points. In the summer of B. C.
PACA'TUS, DREPA'NIUS. [DREPANIUB. ) 427 the Spartans sent a fleet under the command
PACA'TUS, MINU'CIUS. [IRENAEUS, of Alcidas for the relief of Mytilene ; but Alcidas
No. 3. )
delayed so much on his voyage that the Myti-
PACCIANUS. 1. Was sent by Sulla into lenaeans, and even Salaethus, whom the Spartans
Mauritania to help Ascalis, whom Sertorius was had sent before their fleet, gave up all hopes of its
attacking, but he was defeated and slain by Serto-arrival. By the advice of Salaethus the com-
rius. (Plut. Sert. 9. )
monalty of the Mytilenaeans were entrusted with
2. C. , a Roman prisoner taken on the defeat of the arms of the regular infantry; but they forth-
Crassus by the Parthians. As he bore the greatest with rose against the aristocratical party, and the
resemblance to Crassus among the prisoners, the latter, fearing a capitulation on the part of the
Parthians put on him a female dress, and paraded commonalty, surrendered the city' to Paches, leav-
him in mockery of the Roman general (Plut. Crass. ing the decision of their fate entirely to the
32. )
Athenians. At this juncture Alcidas arrived at
PA'CCIUS. This name is frequently written Embaton ; but, instead of attacking the Athenians,
Pactius, but in inscriptions we only find Paccius, sailed southwards along the coast of lonia Paches,
and the derivative Paccianus also points to Paccius hearing from many quarters of the approach of the
as the correct orthography. It appears that the Peloponnesian fleet, set out in pursuit of it ; but,
name was originally not Roman. [See Nos. 1 not coming up with it, returned at leisure along
the coast of Ionia In his course he touched at
1. Ovius Paccius, a priest in the Samnite Notium. Here his assistance was called in by
army, B. c. 293 (Liv. x. 38).
the democratical party, who were being hard
2. Paccius and Vilius, two brothers, the pressed by their political opponents, who were
noblest among the Bruttii, came to the consul Q. supported by the ruling party among the Colo-
Fabius in B. c. 209 to obtain pardon from the Ro- phonians, and by a body of mercenaries, com-
mans (Liv. xxvii, 15).
manded by an Arcadian named Hippias, borrowed
3. M. Paccius, a friend of Atticus, B. C. 54 from the satrap Pissuthnes. Paches invited
(Cic.
Fasti, by J. Gower, Cambridge, 1640, 8vo. furnished by his father to Dareius at the battle of
Besides the two ancient memoirs of Ovid com- | Arbela, B. C. 331. On the approach of Alexander
monly prefixed to his works, several short accounts to Susa, Oxathres was sent to meet him and bear
of his life, by Aldus Manutius, Paulus Marsus, the submission of Abulites : he was favourably
Ciofani, and others, are collected in the 4th vol. of received, and soon after appointed to the govern-
Burmann's edition. In the same place, as wellment of Paraetacene, which he held until the
as in Lemaire's edition, will be found Masson's return of Alexander from India, when he was put
Life, originally published at Amsterdam in 1708. to death by the king for maladministration of his
This is one of the most elaborate accounts of Ovid, province. According to Plutarch, Alexander slew
but too discursive, and not always accurate. There him with his own hand. (Arr. Anab. jü. 8, 16,
is a short sketch in Crusius' Lives of the Roman 19, vii. 4 ; Curt. v. 2. $ 8; Diod. xvii. 65; Plut.
Poets. By far the best Life is the Italian one by Alex. 68. )
the Cavaliere Rosmini, Milan, 1821, 2 thin vols. 4. A son of Dionysius tyrant of Heracleia and
8vo. (2nd ed. )
(T. D. ] of Amastris, the daughter of No. 2. He succeeded,
OVI'DIUS JUVENTI'NUS. (JUVENTINUS. ) together with his brother Clearchus, to the sove-
OVI'NIL'S. 1. The proposer of a plebiscitum, reignty of Heracleia on the death of Dionysius,
of uncertain date, which gave the censors certain B. C. 306: but the government was administered
powers in regulating the list of the senators. Re- by Amastris during the minority of her two sons.
sprcting the provisions of this law, see Dict. of Ant. Soon after the young men had attained to man-
6. d. Lea Ovinia.
hood and taken the direction of affairs into their
2. Q. OVINIUS, a Roman senator, was put to own hands, they caused their mother to be put to
## p. 75 (#91) ##############################################
OXYARTES.
75
OXYTHEMIS.
death: but this act of parricide bronght upon them OXYATHRES. (OXATHRES. )
the vengeance of Lysimachus, who made himself OXYCANUS ('Očunavós), or PORTICANUS, as
master of Heracleia, and put both Clearchus and he is called by Q. Curtius, an Indian prince, whose
Oxathres to death. According to Diodorus, they territories lay to the west of those of Musicanus.
bad reigned seventeen years ; but Droysen assigns On the approach of Alexander he bad not come to
their death to the year 6. c. 285. (Memnon, meet him, or sent ambassadors to make his sub-
c. 4–6; Diod. u. 77 ; Droysen, Hellenism. vol. i. mission to the conqueror. Alexander accordingly
pp. 609, 634. )
marched against him, and speedily took by storm
5. A son of Mithridates the Great, who was two of his cities, Oxycanus himself being made pri-
taken prisoner in the insurrection of the citizens Boner. The other towns in his dominions speedily
of Phanagoria, B, C. 64. He was afterwards submitted.
given up to Pompey, by whom he was led captive It has been supposed that in the latter part of
in his triumph at Rome. (Appian, Mithr. 108, the names Oxycanus and Musicanus is to be traced
117. )
the word Khawn or Khan Bo that Oxycanus might
OXYARTES ('ofuáptns) or OXARTES ('OE mean the Rajab of Ouche, Musicanus the Rajah
dpmns). Concerning the different forms of this of Moosh. To this it is objected that Khan is a
name see OXAT RES.
Turkish title, and that there is nothing to show
· 1. A king of Bactria, said to have been con- that it was in use in that region at the time of
temporary with Ninus king of Assyria, by whom his Alexander's invasion. (Arrian, vi. 16. & 1; Q. Curt.
kingdom was invaded and conquered. The history ix. 8. $ 11; Thirlwall, Hist. Gr. vol. vii. p. 48,
of this expedition, though doubtless a niere fable, note).
(C. P. M. )
is given in great detail by Diodorus (ii. 6). He OXYDATES ('Oxudárns), a Persian of high
appears to be the same person who is called by rank, who, for some cause or other, had been im-
Syncellus and Eusebius, Zoroaster. (Syncell
. p. prisoned by Dareius at Susa, and was found lying
133 ; Euseb. Arm. p. 44 ; Wesseling, ad Drod. l. c. ; there under sentence of death, when the city fell
Baehr, ad Cles. p. 405. )
into the hands of Alexander. For this reason he
2. A Bactrian, father of Roxana, the wife of seemed the more likely to be faithful to Alexander,
Alexander the Great. He is first mentioned as who appointed him satrap of Media In this office
one of the chiefs who accompanied Bessus on his Oxydates was subsequently superseded by Arsaces.
retreat across the Oxus into Sogdiana (Arr. Anab. (Arrian, iii. 20. § 4; Curt. ri. 2. § 11, viii. 3.
iï. 28. § 15). After the death of Bessus, Oxyartes Ø 17. )
[C. P. M. )
deposited his wife and daughters for safety in a OʻXYLUS (očulos). 1. A son of Ares and
rock fortress in Sogdiana, which was deemed im- Protogeneia. (Apollod. i. 7. 8 7. )
pregrable, but which nevertheless soon fell into the 2. A son of Haemon (according to Apollod. ii.
hands of Alexander, who not only treated his 8. § 3, of Andraemon), and husband of Pieria, by
captives with respect and attention, but was so whom he became the father of Aetolus and Laïas.
charmed with the beauty of Roxana as to design He was descended from a family of Elis, but lived
to make her his wife. Oxyartes, on learning these in Aetolia ; and when the Dorians invaded Pelopon-
tidings, hastened to make his submission to the nesus, they, in accordance with an oracle, chose
conqueror, by whom he was received with the him as one of their leaders. He afterwards became
utmost distinction ; and celebrated by a magnificent king of Elis, which he conquered. (Paus. v. 3, in
feast the nuptials of his daughter with the king, fin. 4. § 1, &c. ; Aristot. Polit. vi. 2. & 5; Strab.
B. C. 327 (Art, Anab. iv. 18, 19, 20. § 7 ; Curt. viii. p. 333. )
viii
. 4. § 21—29 ; Strab. xi. p. 517 ; Plut. Alex. 3. A son of Orius, who became the father of the
47; concerning the discrepancies in these statements Hamadryades, by his sister Hamadryas. (Athen.
see Mützell, ad Curt. l. c. and Droysen's Alexander, iï. p. 78. )
(L. S. )
p. 346). Shortly after we find him successfully OXYNTAS ('Očúvtas), son of Jugurtha, was
interposing to prevail upon Chorienes to surrender led captive, together with his father, before the
his rock fortress; and at subsequent period he triumphal car of Marius (B. c. 104); but his life
was appointed by Alexander satrap of the province was spared, and he was placed in custody at
of Paropamisus, or India south of the Caucasus Venusia. Here he remained till B. c. 90, when he
(Arr. Anab. iv. 21, vi. 15 ; Curt. ix. 8. 8 9 ; Plut. was brought forth by the Samnite general, C.
Alex. 58).
In this position he continued until the Papius Mutilus, and adorned with the insignia of
death of Alexander, and was confirmed in his royalty, in order to produce a moral effect upon the
government, both in the first division of the pro- Numidian auxiliaries in the service of the Roman
vinces immediately after that event, and in the sub-general L. Caesar. The device was successful,
sequent one at Triparadeisus, B. C. 321 (Diod. xviii. and the Numidians deseited in great numbers ;
3, 39 ; Justin, xiii. 4 ; Arrian. ap. Phot. p. 71, b. ; but of the subsequent fortunes of Oxyntas we know
Dexippus, ibid. p. 64, b. ). At a later period we find nothing. (Eutrop. iv. 27 ; Orog, v. 15; Appian,
him sending a small force to the support of Eumenes; B. C. i. 42. )
(E. H. B. )
but after the death of that general, B. C. 316, he OXY THEMIS ('Očúbeus), a friend of Deme-
Beems to have come to terms with Antigonus, who trius Poliorcetes, who was sent by him to the court
was content to assume the appearance of confirming of Agathocles, king of Sicily, with whom he had
him in an authority of which he would have found just concluded an alliance, ostensibly in order to
it difficult to dispossess him (Diod. xix. 14, 48). receive the ratification of the treaty, but with a
It seems probable that he must have died be- secret mission to examine the real state of affairs
fore the expedition of Seleucus against India, in Sicily. The death of Agathocles followed
as we find that monarch ceding Paropamisus to shortly after, B. c. 289, and it was Oxythemis who
Sandracottus without any mention of Oxyartes. placed him on the funeral pile, as we are told,
(Strab. XV. p. 724 ; Droysen, Hellenism. vol. i. p. before life was yet extinct. (Diod. xxi. Exc.
520. )
(E. H. B. ) Mocsch. pp. 491, 492. )
(E. H. B]
## p. 76 (#92) ##############################################
76
PACCIUS.
PACHES.
WA
N
GIMPTIT
COIN OF THE EMPEROR PACATIANUS.
at Rome. He made a large fortune by the sale of
a certain medicine of his own invention, which was
P.
much employed, and the composition of which he
kept a profound secret. At his death he left his
PACARIUS, DEʻCIMUS, procurator of Cor-prescription as a legacy to the Emperor Tiberius,
sica in a. D. 69, wished to send assistance to Vi. who, in order to give it as wide a circulation as
tellius, but was murdered by the inhabitants. possible, ordered a copy of it to be placed in all
(Tac. Hist. ii. 16. )
the public libraries. (Scribon. Larg. De Compos.
PACATIA’NUS, a Roman emperor, known to Medicam. c. 23. § 97. p. 209; Marcell. Empir.
us only from coins, a specimen of which is annexed. De Medicam. c. 20. p. 324. ) Some of his medical
I'rom the number of coins of this emperor found in formulae are quoted by Galen (I)e Compos. Medi.
Austria, Eckhel thinks that the brief reign of Pa- cam, sec. Loc. iv. 4, 8, ix. 4, vol. xii. pp. 715, 751,
cutianus was probably in Pannonia or Moesia. The 760, 772, 782, xiii. 284 ; De Compos. Medicam.
full name of Pacatianus was T1. Cl. Mar. PACA- sec. Gen. vii. 7, rol. xiii. p. 984), Scribonius Largus
TIANUS. Mar. is variously interpreted, some
(1. c. , and c. 40. $ 156. p. 218), Aëtius (ii. 3. $ 109,
making it Marius, some Marcius, and others Ma- | 111, pp. 354, 359), and Marcellus Empiricus
rinus. Eckhel adopts the last, and assigns the (1. c. ).
(W. A. G. ]
coins to the times of Philippus and Decius (Eckhel, PACENSIS, AEMI'LIUS, was tribune of the
vol. vii. p. 338). There was a Pacatianus, consul city cohorts (urbanae cohortes ) at the death of Nero,
A. D. 332, in the reign of Constantine (Fusti). but was deprived of this office by Galba. He sub-
sequently joined Otho, who restored to him his
tribunate, was chosen one of the generals of Otho's
army, and perished fighting in the Capitol against
the Vitellian troops, A. D. 69. (Tac. Hist. i. 20, 87,
ii. 12, iii. 73. )
PACHES (Téxas). An Athenian general, the
son of a man named Epicurus (or, according to
Diod. xii. 55, Epiclerus). In the autumn of B. C.
428 Paches was sent out at the head of 1000
hoplites to reinforce the troops which, on the
revolt of Mytilene, had been sent out under
Cleippides, and had entrenched themselves in two
PACA'TUS, CLAU'DIUS, although a centu- forts near the city, while the fleet blockaded the
rion, was restored to his master by Domitian, when harbour. On the arrival of Paches a wall was
he was proved to be his slave. (Dion Cass. lxvii. carried round the city on the land side, with forts
13. )
at the strongest points. In the summer of B. C.
PACA'TUS, DREPA'NIUS. [DREPANIUB. ) 427 the Spartans sent a fleet under the command
PACA'TUS, MINU'CIUS. [IRENAEUS, of Alcidas for the relief of Mytilene ; but Alcidas
No. 3. )
delayed so much on his voyage that the Myti-
PACCIANUS. 1. Was sent by Sulla into lenaeans, and even Salaethus, whom the Spartans
Mauritania to help Ascalis, whom Sertorius was had sent before their fleet, gave up all hopes of its
attacking, but he was defeated and slain by Serto-arrival. By the advice of Salaethus the com-
rius. (Plut. Sert. 9. )
monalty of the Mytilenaeans were entrusted with
2. C. , a Roman prisoner taken on the defeat of the arms of the regular infantry; but they forth-
Crassus by the Parthians. As he bore the greatest with rose against the aristocratical party, and the
resemblance to Crassus among the prisoners, the latter, fearing a capitulation on the part of the
Parthians put on him a female dress, and paraded commonalty, surrendered the city' to Paches, leav-
him in mockery of the Roman general (Plut. Crass. ing the decision of their fate entirely to the
32. )
Athenians. At this juncture Alcidas arrived at
PA'CCIUS. This name is frequently written Embaton ; but, instead of attacking the Athenians,
Pactius, but in inscriptions we only find Paccius, sailed southwards along the coast of lonia Paches,
and the derivative Paccianus also points to Paccius hearing from many quarters of the approach of the
as the correct orthography. It appears that the Peloponnesian fleet, set out in pursuit of it ; but,
name was originally not Roman. [See Nos. 1 not coming up with it, returned at leisure along
the coast of Ionia In his course he touched at
1. Ovius Paccius, a priest in the Samnite Notium. Here his assistance was called in by
army, B. c. 293 (Liv. x. 38).
the democratical party, who were being hard
2. Paccius and Vilius, two brothers, the pressed by their political opponents, who were
noblest among the Bruttii, came to the consul Q. supported by the ruling party among the Colo-
Fabius in B. c. 209 to obtain pardon from the Ro- phonians, and by a body of mercenaries, com-
mans (Liv. xxvii, 15).
manded by an Arcadian named Hippias, borrowed
3. M. Paccius, a friend of Atticus, B. C. 54 from the satrap Pissuthnes. Paches invited
(Cic.
