No More Learning

P. , 25, "Decipimur specie recti. " Pers. , v. ,
105, "Et veri speciem dignoscere calles. "

"For this grave vice, assuming Virtue's guise,
Seems Virtue's self to superficial eyes. " Gifford.

[966] _Frugi. _ Hor. , i. , Sat. iii. , 49, "Parcius hic vivit, frugi
dicatur. "

[967] _Tutela. _ Hor. , A. P. , 169, "Vel quod Quærit, et inventis miser
abstinet ac timet uti," and l. 325-333.

[968] _Hesperidum. _ Vid. Ov. , Met. , iv. , 627, _seq. _ Virg. , Æn. , iv. ,
480, _seq. _ Athen. , iii. , p. 82, ed. Dindorf.

[969] _Artificem. _

"And reasoning from the fortune he has made,
Hail him a perfect master of his trade. " Gifford.

[970] _Animi. _ Hor. , i. , Ep. xv. , 45, "Vos sapere et solos aio bene
vivere quorum Conspicitur nitidis fundata pecunia villis. "

[971] _Elementa. _

"Vice boasts its elements, like other arts:
These he inculcates first; anon imparts
The petty tricks of saving: last inspires
Of endless wealth th' insatiable desires. " Gifford.

[972] _Servorum. _ Juvenal had evidently Theophrastus' αἰσχροκερδὴς
in his eye: τὰ δὲ καταλειπόμενα ἀπὸ τῆς τραπέζης ἡμίση τῶν ῥαφανίδων
ἀπογράφεσθαι, ἵνα οἱ διακονοῦντες παῖδες μὴ λάβωσι.

[973] _Modio iniquo. _ Cf. Theophr. , Char. , 80 (π. αίσχροκερδ. ),
φειδωνίῳ μέτρῳ τὸν πύνδακα ἐγκεκρουσμένῳ μετρεῖν αὐτὸς τοῖς ἔνδον τὰ
ἐπιτήδεια σφόδρα ἀποψῶν.

[974] _Mucida. _ v. , 68, "Solidæ jam mucida frusta farinæ. "

[975] _Septembri. _ The hottest and most unhealthy month in Rome. Cf.
vi. , 517. Hor. , i. , Ep. xvi. , 16.

[976] _Minutal. _ The μυττωτὸς and περίκομμα of Aristophanes. Martial
describes one, lib. xi. , Ep. xxxi. Cf. Apic, iv. , 3.

[977] _Hesternum. _ So Θοίνην ἕωλον. Athen. , vii. , 2. Mart. , i. , Ep.
civ. , 7, "Deque decem plures semper servantur olivæ, explicat et cœnas
unica mensa duas. "

[978] _Conchem. _ iii. , 293, "Cujus conche tumes. "

[979] _Lacerti. _ Mart. , x. , Ep. 48, "Secta coronabunt rutatos ova
lacertos. " xii. , Ep. 19. Celsus, ii. , 18, mentions the Lacertus among
the fish "ex quibus salsamenta fiunt, et quorum cibus gravissimus est. "
The _Silurus_ was a common and coarse Egyptian fish, sent over salted
to Rome. Cf. iv. , 33.

[980] _Porri. _ iii. , 294, "Quis tecum sectile porrum. " Cf. Plin. , H. N. ,
xix. , 6.

[981] _Ponte. _ Cf. iv. , 116, "Cæcus adulator dirusque a ponte
satelles. " v. , 8, "Nulla crepido vacat? nusquam pons et tegetis pars
dimidia brevior? " Mart. , x. , Ep. v. , 3, "Erret per urbem pontis exsul
et clivi, interque raucos ultimus rogatores oret caninas panis improbi
buccas. " Ovid, Ibis, 420, "Quique tenent pontem. "

[982] _Phrenesis. _ Hor. , ii. , Sat. iii. , 82, "Danda est Hellebori multo
pars maxima avaris: Nescio an Anticyram ratio illis destinet omnem. "
So Cicero, de Senec. , 65, "Avaritia vero senilis quid sibi velit, non
intelligo: potest enim esse quidquam absurdius, quam quo minus viæ
restat eò plus viatici quærere? "

[983] _Crescit. _ So Ovid, Fast. , i. , 211, "Creverunt et opes, et opum
furiosa cupido et cum possideant plurima plura volunt. Quærere ut
absumant, absumta requirere certant: atque ipsæ vitiis sunt alimenta
vices. "

[984] _Proferre. _ Liv. , i. , 33. Virg. , Æn. , vi. , 796. Hor. , ii. , Od.
xviii. , 17. ii. , Sat. vi. , 8, "O si angulus ille proximus accedat qui
nunc denormat agellum. "

[985] _Novalia. _ Put here for the crops on any good land. Plin. , H.
N. , xviii. , 19, "Novale est quod alternis annis seritur. " Cf. Virg. ,
Georg. , i. , 71, "Alternis idem tonsas cessare novales et segnem patiere
situ durescere campum," with Martyn's note. Varro, de L. L. , iv. , 4,
"Ager restibilis, qui restituitur ac reseritur quotquot annis; Contrà
qui intermittitur, à novando novalis est ager. " It means properly land
recently cleared. "Ager novus cui nunc primum immissum est aratrum
(_virgin soil_), cum antea aut sylva esset, aut terra nunquam proscissa
et culta in segetem. " Facc. Then it is used for any cultivated land.
Virg. , Ecl. , i. , 71. Stat. , Theb. , iii. , 644, 5.

[986] _Sævos. _ So Hor. , ii. , Sat. vii. , 5, "Quæ prima _iratum ventrem_
placaverit esca. "

"Turn in by night thy cattle, starved and lean,
Amid his growing crops of waving green;
Nor lead them forth till all the field be bare,
As if a thousand sickles had been there. " Badham.

[987] _Quid nocet hoc? _ Cf. i. , 48, "Quid enim salvis infamia nummis! "
Hor. , i. , Sat. i.
, 63, "Ut quidam memoratur Athenis, Sordidus ac dives
populi contemnere voces sic solitus: Populus me sibilat, at mihi plaudo
Ipse domi, simul ac nummos contemplor in arcâ. "

[988] _Vicinia. _ Hor. , ii. , Sat. v. , 106, "Egregiè factum laudet
vicinia. "

[989] _Morbis. _ Cf. Hor. , i. , Sat. i. , 80, "At si condoluit tentatum
frigore corpus, aut alius casus lecto te affixit; habes qui assideat,
fomenta paret, medicum roget ut te suscitet ac reddat natis carisque
propinquis. "

"What! canst thou thus bid mortal sickness cease?
Thus from life's lightest cares compel release?
Though twenty plowshares turn thy vast domain,
Shalt thou live longer unchastised by pain? " Badham.

[990] _Jugera bina. _ Liv. , vi. , 16, "Satricum coloniam deduci jussit;
bina jugera et semisses agri assignati. " c. , 36, "Auderentne postulare,
ut quum bina jugera agri plebi dividerentur, ipsis plus quingenta
jugera habere liceret? " The colonists sent to occupy the conquered
country received, as their allotment of the land taken from the enemy,
two acres apiece. The jugerum was nearly five eighths of an English
acre, i. e. , 2 roods, 19 perches, and a fraction. The semissis is the
same as the actus quadratus. Cf. Varro, R. R. , i. , 10. Plin. , H. N. ,
xviii. , 2.

[991] _Vernula. _ Cf. x. , 117, "Quem sequitur custos angustæ vernula
capsæ. " The verna (οἰκοτραφὴς) was so called, "qui in villis _vere
natus_, quod tempus duce natura feturæ est. " Fest. Others say that it
became a term of reproach from having been first given to those who
were born in the Ver Sacrum. Cf. Fest, _s. v. _ Mamertini. Strabo, v. ,
p. 404. Liv. , xxxiv. , 44. Just. , xxiv. , 4. These home-born slaves,
though more despised from having been born in a state of servitude,
were treated with great fondness and indulgence. Sen. , Prov. , i. , f. ,
"Cogita filiorum nos modestia delèctari, vernularum licentia: illos
tristiori disciplinâ contineri; horum ali audaciam. "

[992] _Domini. _ Cf. Plaut. , Capt. Pr. , 18, "Licet non hæredes sint,
domini sunt. "

[993] _Grassatur. _ iii. , 305, "Interdum et ferro subitus grassator agit
rem. "

[994] _Cito vult fieri. _ Cf. Menand. , οὐδεὶς ἐπλούτησε ταχέως δίκαιος
ὤν. Prov. , xxviii. , 20, "He that maketh haste to be rich, shall not be
innocent. "

"What law restrains, what scruples shall prevent
The desperate man on swift possessions bent? " Badham.

[995] _Numina ruris. _ Cf. Virg. , Georg. , i. , 7, "Liber et alma Ceres
vestro si munere tellus Chaoniam pingui glandem mutavit aristâ. " So
Fast. , i. , 671, "Placentur matres frugum Tellusque Ceresque Farre
suo gravidæ, visceribusque suis. Consortes operum, per quas correcta
vetustas, Quernaque glans victa est utiliore cibo. " iv. , 399, "Postmodo
glans nata est bene erat jam glande reperta, duraque magnificas quercus
habebat opes. Prima Ceres homini ad meliora alimenta vocato mutavit
glandes utiliore cibo. " So Sat. , vi. , 10, "Et sæpe horridior glandem
ructante marito. " Sulp. , 16, "Non aliter primo quàm cum surreximus ævo,
Glandibus et puræ rursus procumbere lymphæ. "

[996] _Perone. _ Virg. , Æn. , vii. , 690, "Crudus tegit altera pero. " The
pero was a rustic boot, reaching to the middle of the leg, made of
untanned leather. Cf. Pers. , v. , 102, "Navem si poscat sibi peronatus
arator Luciferi rudis. "

"No guilty wish the simple plowman knows,
High-booted tramping through his country snows;
Clad in his shaggy cloak against the wind,
Rough his attire and undebauch'd his mind:
The foreign purple, better still unknown,
Makes all the sins of all the world our own. " Hodgson.

[997] _Media de nocte. _ Cf. Arist. , Nub. , 8, _seq. _

[998] _Rubras. _ Cf. Pers. , v. , 90, "Excepto si quid Masuri rubrica
vetavit. " Ov. , Trist. , I. , i. , 7, "Nec titulus minio nec cedro charta
notetur. " Mart. , iii. , Ep. ii. , "Et te purpura delicata velet, et cocco
rubeat superbus index. " In ordinary books, the titles and headings of
the chapters were written in red letters. But in law-books the text was
in _red_ letter, and the commentaries and glosses in _black_.

[999] _Pilosas. _ ii. , 11, "Hispida membra quidem et duræ per brachia
setæ promittunt atrocem animum. " Combs were usually made of box-wood.
Ov. , Fast. , vi. , 229, "Non mihi detonsos crines depectere buxo. "
Mart. , xiv. , Ep. xxv. , 2, "Quid faciet nullos hic inventura capillos,
multifido buxus quæ tibi dente datur. "

[1000] _Attegias_, a word of Arabic origin. The Magalia of Virgil, Æn. ,
i. , 425; iv. , 259, and Mapalia of Silius Italicus, ii. , 437, _seq. _,
xvii. , 88. Virg. , Georg. , iii. , 340. Low round hovels, sometimes on
wheels like the huts of the Scythian nomadæ, called from their shape
"Cohortes rotundæ," "hen-coops. " Cat. ap. Fest. They are described by
Sallust (Bell. Jug. , 20) as "Ædificia Numidarum agrestium, oblonga,
incurvis lateribus tecta, quasi navium carinæ;" and by Hieron. as
"furnorum similes. " Probably when _fixed_ they were called Magalia;
whence the name of the ancient part of Carthage, from the Punic
"Mager. " When _locomotive_, Mapalia. Livy says that when Masinissa
fled before Syphax to Mount Balbus, "familiæ aliquot cum mapalibus
pecoribusque suis persecuti sunt regem. "

[1001] The _Brigantes_ were the most ancient and most powerful of the
British nations, extending from sea to sea over the counties of York,
Durham, Lancaster, Westmoreland, and Cumberland. Tac. , Agric. , 17. The
famous Cartismandua was their queen, with whom Caractacus took refuge.
Tac. , Ann. , xii. , 32, 6. Hist. , iii. , 45. Hadrian was in Britain, A. D.
121, when his Foss was constructed.

[1002] _Lucri bonus est odor. _ Alluding to Vespasian's answer to Titus.
Vid. Suet. , Vesp. , 23, "Reprehendenti filio Tito, quod etiam urinæ
vectigal commentus esset, pecuniam ex primâ pensione admovit ad nares,
sciscitans, num odore offenderetur; et illo negante, atqui, inquit
ex lotio est. " Martial alludes to the fact of offensive trades being
banished to the other side of the Tiber. VI. , xciii. , 4, "Non detracta
cani Transtiberina cutis. " I. , Ep. xlii. , 3; cix.