One
conjecture
is, that he may have been an anchoret, named in the Acts of St.
O'Hanlon - Lives of the Irish Saints - v3
Series, vol.
i.
, part i.
, pp.
90, 91, and again 94, 95.
See Rev. Dr. Lanigan's Ecclesiastical History of Ireland," vol. iii. , chap, xix. , sect, vi. , p. 162.
and county of Donegal. "
"
'7 See, Acta Sanctorum Hibernise," iii.
Martii. Vita S. Christicolae, pp. 454, 455.
in the
^^ Both Chonais is Bo- pronounced
io8 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS.
[March 3.
The " Feilire " of St, -^ngus, in the " Leabhar Breac," ^^ has his commemo-
ration,atthe3rdofMarch; while,theMartyrologyofTallagh,"5hkewise, enters the name of CeHcriist. Marianus O'Gorman has even a more detailed statement. The Martyrology of Donegal,^^ at the same date, has Cele Christ, Bishop of Cill-Cele-Christ in Ui Dunchadha, in Fotharta,^? in Lein- ster, with the statement, that he sprmig from the race of Eoghan, son to Niall. In the Kalendar of Drummond^^ his feast is this day noted. It is supposed possible, that the name of Christ Church, Dublin, may have been derived from this Cele Chriost, a saint of high reputation. '?
Article IX. —St. Mochua, of Cluain Dobhtha. The Martyrology of Tallagh^ records this name and place, at the 3rd of March. That of Marianus O'Gorman also enters Mochua, of Cluaindobtha, as the Bollandists remark. ' The festival of Mochua, of Cluain Dabhtha was celebrated, on this day, as we read in the Martyrology of Donegal. 3
Article X. —St. Connall or Conaill. According to the Martyrology of Donegal,^ we find Conall registered, as having a festival, on this day. Probably from the postfix S. , in the subsequent entry, we are to understand, that he was a soggart, or priest. Thus, the name, Connaill, S. , occurs in the Martyrology of Tallagh,' at the 3rd of March. His identity we cannot surmise.
Article XI. —Reputed Festival of a Translation of St. Cedde's Relics. The relics of St. Cedde^ brought into Scotia, and religiously placed in Dundrain, is a festival entered by Dempster, at the 3rd of March, in his " Menologium Scoticum. " ' The Bollandists merely refer to this notice. 3
Article XII. —Reputed Festival of a St. Magor. We find a St. Magor set down, at the 3rd of March, in the anonymous Catalogue of Irish Saints, published by O'SuUevan Beare. ^ Elsewhere, we find nothing, to clear up this entry.
-' The following Irish stanza, with its English translation, h—as been furnished by
p. 250, note.
** "
Professor O'Looney
•p. tl. hipAiftrloniAni
treiL •OA i\ecLAiiTO TAeiiiAin
Cell CiMfC cAin Au^xAib ITI0 in<xc|\u rtiAC ]'enAiii.
On the feast of Florianus,
The feast of two stars us precede j
Cele Crist of gentle counsel
Noblest of youths was the son of
Senan.
'5 Edited by Rev. Dr. Kelly, p. xvii.
Scottish 6. Saints," p.
=9 See T. Gilbert's " John
"'
62, 63.
:
Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
"? This should probably be 1 poyvruACAib, ""
in the Fortuathas or border lands, as the Fortuatha of Leinster included the southern
part of the county of Dublin, says Mr. p. 222.
Hennessy. He adds
Article xii. iv. , cap. xi. , p. 49.
'
See "Historiae Catho-
the Forthuatha was not confined to the territory of Ui-Mail, in Wicklow, as O' Donovan thought. See "Leabhar na g-Ceart, or Book of Rights,"
:
.
See Bishop Forbes'
Kalendars of
of the CityofDublin,"—vol. i. ,chap,iii. ,p. 98.
Article ix.
'
Edited Rev. Dr. by
Kelly, p. xvii.
'See "Acta Sanctorum," tonius i. ,
Martii iii. Among the pretermitted saints, p. 222.
3 Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
62, 63. — Article x.
' Edited Reeves, pp. 62, 63.
=*
'
Article xi. See his Life, at the 2nd
of March.
» See Bishop Forbes' "Kalendars of
Scottish Saints," p. 193.
3 gee "Acta Sanctorum," tomus i.
Edited by R—ev. Dr. Kelly, p. xvii.
Martii iii. Among the pretermitted saints,
—
licse Iberniix; Compendium," tomus i. , lib,
History
Drs. Todd and
by
March 3. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 109
Article XIII. —Feast of the Monk Owen or Owini. We have already noticed this devoted religious, in connexion with the Acts of St. Cedda. ^ Edward Maihew, and Bucelin, as also the Bollandists, have his
Article
rum," tomus
See
"Acta
Among pre-
222.
* See his Life, at the 5th of March,
celebrated on the
of on the
March, according
to Menard's "
termitted saints, p. 222.
^
Edited by Rev. Dr. Kelly, p. xvii.
termitted saints," p. 223.
^ Inthe —of Menology Cologne.
'
Article xvii. Now St. David's,
3 Edited 62, 63.
by
Drs. Todd and
Reeves, pp.
* See notices of him, at the iSth of Ja- nuary.
Wales,
2 <<
Article xv. —' Edited
by
Rev. Dr,
Irish MSS. vol. Academy. " Series, i. ,
part i. , pp. 96, 97. —
Article xviii. 'See "Acta Sancto-
rum,"tomusi. , Martiiiii. Amongthepre- termitted saints, p. 222.
Kelly, p. xvii.
'Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
62,63.
3 See " Acta Sanctorum," tomus i. ,
3rd
Martyrolo-
English
Article XIV. —St. Fachtna, of Cre Beg. The Bollandists^ note a feast, in honour of Fachtna, of Cre-big,at this date, citing as authority the Mar- tyrology of Tallagh,^ at the 3rd of March, which inserts the following entry : FachtnaoChraebhaig. MarianusO'GormanalsoentersFachtnaofCre-big. Fachtna, of Cre Beg, occurs likewise in the Martyrology of Donegal,3 on this day. The place seems to be Creevy, and it is probably identical with the place where St. Critan* is venerated.
Article XV. —St. Concrada or Conchraidh, Bishop, In the Mar-
tyrology of Tallagh' is inserted Concrada, at the 3rd of March, and in that of Marianus O'Gorman, this Conchrad is set down as a bishop. We also
= find, that Conchraidh, Bishop, is entered in the Martyrology of Donegal, at
this date. The Bollandists observe,3 that there was a Regulus of Ossory, a
worthy man, called Conchradius, who was contemporaneous with St. Kieran,^ Bishop of Saigir ; yet, it is not certain, the former had been classed among the saints.
Article XVI. —Reputed Festival of St. Patto, Bishop of Verden,
ANDAbbotofArmarbaric. \SeventhandEighthCentiiries. l Atthisdate, the Bollandists^ remark, that Gelenius" has a festival for the present holy
man. At the 30th of March, further particulars, regarding him, will be found.
Article XVII. —Reputed Festival 5f St. David, Archbishop of
Menevia, Wales. Under the head of Cill Muine,^ Duald Mac Firbis
records, David, Bishop of Cill Muine, and Archbishop of the Isle of Britain, at March 3rd. '^
Article XVIII. —St. Cillene or Cillen, perhaps of Inis Doimle, NOW Inch, County of Wexford. The Bollandists^ allude to Killenus of Inisdomle, a monastery, according to Colgan, within the confines of Munster.
feast,
gium Benedictinum," or,
Martyrology. " The name Owen was always a common one in Ireland, and it seems probable Owini is only the Saxon form for it.
Article xiii. —' of March.
See his Life, at the 2nd
XIV. — '
i. , Martii iii.
Martii iii. Among the pretermitted saints,
p.
Sancto- the
—'See "Acta Sancto- rum," tomus i. , Martii iii. Among the pre-
29th
of
July, according
to the "
Article xvi.
ggg Proceedings of the Royal Irish
no LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS.
[March 4.
One conjecture is, that he may have been an anchoret, named in the Acts of St. Brigid,' and another, that he may have been Killen, a disciple to St. Fin-
bar, of Cork. 3 The Martyrologies of Tallagh,+ of Marianus O'Gorman, and of DonegaljS at the 3rd of March record, Cillen, of Inis Doimle. His place would appear to have been identical with Inch,^ situated in the barony of Shelmaliere West, and county of Wexford. ? In 1840, some part of the old church walls remained. These were built with very large stones, and they
had every appearance of being old ; but, owing to the ruins having been covered with thorns and briars, the length and breadth of the old church could not be exactly measured The cemetery adjoining had then long been disused, as a place for interment. ^ According to the Manuscript,9 to be found in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, this saint was a bishop and a confessor, having an office of nine Lessons.
jfoiirt! ) IBap of i^arrl).
ARTICLE L—ST. MUKNA, MUICIN, OR MUKINUS, BISHOP OF MAIGHIN, OR MOYNE, COUNTY OF MAYO.
and the Bollandists' have some notices of this saint, at the COL4GthAdNay*of March. The latter authorities doubt, how the name Muc- cinus can be resolved into Mucna, or even, if the identity of the Mucna, mentioned in St. Patrick's Tripartite Life, with the present holy man, be admitted, why, they ask, should the former be classed among our Irish saints ? We shall not attempt the solution of these difficulties, but only relate what we find on record. In one instance, at least, this saint is placed, among those holy persons connected with the county of Louth,3 where, according to some authorities, Maighin was located. However, we do not in- cline to such an opinion. Agaip^he is placed at Mines church, in Jenkinstown, county of Kilkenny, by Rev. Mr. Shearman. There is no account, regarding the time, in which St. Mucna or Muckin, of Magin, in Tyrawly, lived. Although we find him classed, by Colgan,'* among St. Patrick's disciples ; still, there is not the least foundation for an assertion, that he was made bishop, by—our Irish
from all omission in the the This be —
Apostle. may gleaned Tripartite authoritycitedforthisoccasion whichonlymakesmentionofMuckna,not
only as having been placed by St. Patrick,5 a bishop, over Domnach-mor church,*
See her Life, at the ist of February.
See his life, at the 25th of September.
* Edited by Rev. Dr. Kelly, p. xvii.
5 Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
62,63.
* It is described, on the " Ordnance Sur-
vey Townland Maps for the County of Wex-
ford," Sheets 35, 40.
1 See O'Donovan's "Annals of the Four
Masters," vol. i. , n. (b), p. 380.
^ Thenameisan of or Anglicizing irnf in|"e,
which signifies "an island" or "the holme ofariver. " See John O'Donovan's rendering in " Letters containing Information relative to the Antiquities of the County of Wexford, collected during the Progress of the Ord-
nance Survey in 1840," vol. ii. , p. 356.
' Classed B. 3. 10. It mentions, in the Calendar, at March 3rd, Nones. V. Sancti
Kelani, Epis. e—t Conf. ix. Lect.
Mukino, Episcopo, p. 457.
''See "Acta Sanctorum," tomus i. ,
Martii iv. Among the pretermitted saints, p. 299.
3 yee "Louth Extracts" of the Irish Ord- nance Survey, vol. i. , p. 140.
* See "Trias Thaumaturga. " Quinta Appendix ad Acta S. Patricii, cap. xxiii. , p. 267.
s See his Life, at the 17th of March.
i. Article 'See,
"Acta Sanctorum Hibernice," iv. Martii. De S. Mukna sive
March 4. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. iii
in Tyrawly, but, rather as having been buried, in that place. 7 It has been identified with Moyne, in the parish of Killala,^ barony of Tirawley, and countyofMayo. Thefoundationofachurchissupposedtohavebeenlaid
there, about a. d, 440, when the Apostle prosecuted his successful mission, in that western district. It seems, Colgan adopted an opinion, that Muckna ruled over this church as a bishop,^ but, without any sufficient foundation for referring it to St. Patrick's time ; and, then finding himself puzzled about the
period when this supposed disciple lived, he threw out a conjecture, that
such appointment took place, a. d. 470. He assigns as a reason for this "
conjecture, that the Tripartite seems to indicate, by the term est," that Muckna was ahve, about the year 520 ; for, this has been very uncritically considered, as the period when the Tripartite Life had been written. '" Yet, nothing is more common in some of St. Patrick's Lives than to use est for
requiescit; so that, the meaning of the passage now quoted may be, that Mucna's remains were at Domnach-mor ; still, at what time they were
deposited there, we have no means left for discovering. Apparently, for no more sufficient reason, than not to make Mucna live too long, Colgan affixed
this appointment as bishop there, to the year 470, so that he might probably be living, about a. d. 520. " An entry appears, in the Martyrology of Tal- lagh," at the 4th of March, which thus reads : "Mucini Maighni. " Marianus
O'Gorman, also, commemorates him. In the Manuscript of Florarius, we find an entry of Mokinus, Abbas,'3 at the same date. According to the Martyrology of Donegal,'^ we read, about Muicin, of Maighin, as having a festival on this day.
Article II. —St. Adrian and his Companions, Martyrs, in the
IslandofMay,Scotland. \NinthCentury. ^ Thereareaccountsofthese
holy martyrs, in the works of the BoUandists,' of William F. Skene,^ and of Bishop Forbes. 3 These are taken, chiefly from the Breviary of Aberdeen. * Various other accounts have been added,3 and it would seem the authentic narrative of their Acts can hardly be composed, at present, so misty have become the popular and recorded traditions. Now, in the Calendars of the Catholic Church, a feast is assigned to a St. Adrian of Nicomedia,^ at the
*' "
4th of March, and in the Bruxelles Auctuarium of Usuard, we find a St
^
Patrick here founded an abbey. See " Mon- asticon Hibernicum," p. 502.
7 See Colgan's "Trias Thaumaturga. "
Septima Vita S. Patricii, lib. ii. , cap.
Ixxxiii. , p. 141, and n. 134, p. 180.
Among the pretermitted saints, p. 299.
'* Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
62, 63.
Article II. —'See "Acta Sanctorum,"
tomus i. , Martii iv. De Sanctis Martyribus Adriano Epis. S, Andrese, Stolbrando Episc. Glodiano, Caio, et aliis plurimis, in Maia Insula Scotise, pp. 326 to 328.
^ See "Celtic Scotland: A of History
^
Its bounds are traceable on the "Ord-
Archdall states very incorrectly, that St.
nance Survey Townland Maps for the
of Sheets 22. County Mayo," 14, 15, 21,
On the latter Sheet is the townland of Ancient Alban," vol. ii. , chap, vii. , pp. 311
Moyne, near the mouth of the River Moy.
to 317.
3 See " Kalendars of Scottish Saints," pp.
266 to 268.
4 Pars Hyemalis, f. Ixii.
s See also the "Chronicles of the Picts
Here are ruins of a former abbey. "
9 See Acta Sanctorum Hibernias," Martii iv. , p. 457.
'° The passage reads: " Venit Patricius
ad Ecclesiara de — ubi est Domnach-mor,
Episcopus Mucna. " Colgan's "Trias Thau- maturga. " Septima Vita S. Patricii, pars. ii. , cap. Ixxxiii. , p. 141.
and ^
Scots," p. 423.
In the Bollandists' account, the number
_" See Rev. Dr. Lanigan's " Ecclesiastical History of Ireland," vol. i. , chap, v. , sect. xii. , pp. 253, 254. , and n. 119, p. 255.
of martyred companions is thirty-three, and we are told the most ancient Martyrologies,
as also the Roman Martyrology, edited by Baronius, are of accord. See "Acta Sane- torum," tomus i. , Martii iv. Among the
pretermitted saints, p. 300.
"> " Apud Nicomediam natale beati Ad«
" Edited by Rev. Dr. Kelly, p. xvii.
'3 See the Bollandists' "Acta Sanctorum. "
112 LIVES OE THE IRISH SAINTS. [March 4.
Gagius,7 who seems to correspond with Gayus of tlie Aberdeen Breviary, at the same date. For iUustration of what we are about to convey, the reader is requested to give some little consideration to the notices of Saints Mannan and Tiaan, of Aredh-Suird or Airiudh h-Uird, at the 23rd of February. ^ In addition we may observe, that the Breviary of Aberdeen contains an account, that St. Adrian was born in the province of Pannonia in Hungary ; that he was of royal descent and of episcopal rank ; his diligence in the sacred order being testified, by the many clerics and seculars, who were his companions. Inflamed with missionary zeal, it is said he betook himself to the eastern and Pictish parts of Scotia. The incredible number of 6,606 companions, in- cluding Glodian,9 Gaius,^° Monan," Stolbrand, and others not specially named. AlthoughcalledBishopofSt. Andrew's,St. Adrianissupposedto have been a bishop, yet without a fixed see. ^^ But, it seems most probable, that the present holy man, and his companion martyrs, came from Ireland j since, Boece states, that they were of the Scots and Angles. '3 It has been supposed, by a learned and critical Scottish historian,^-* that the Angles may have represented the church of Acca,^5 who, driven from Northumberland, had founded a bishopric among the Picts, in a. d. 732, while the Scotti or Irish may have represented the church of Adrian, who, in some of the lists, is placed at the head of the bishops of St Andrew's. '^ A conjecture has been hazarded, that the Irish contingent had been forced out of Ireland, owing to the Danish invasions, which prevailed, especially during the ninth century. It is thought, that when Kenneth MacAlpin had established his sway over the Picts, and when his son Constantine II. reigned, the holy Irish emigrants arrived, and acquired a habitation in the Firth of Forth. '? The martyrdom of St. Adrian, and of his companions, is referred to about a.
See Rev. Dr. Lanigan's Ecclesiastical History of Ireland," vol. iii. , chap, xix. , sect, vi. , p. 162.
and county of Donegal. "
"
'7 See, Acta Sanctorum Hibernise," iii.
Martii. Vita S. Christicolae, pp. 454, 455.
in the
^^ Both Chonais is Bo- pronounced
io8 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS.
[March 3.
The " Feilire " of St, -^ngus, in the " Leabhar Breac," ^^ has his commemo-
ration,atthe3rdofMarch; while,theMartyrologyofTallagh,"5hkewise, enters the name of CeHcriist. Marianus O'Gorman has even a more detailed statement. The Martyrology of Donegal,^^ at the same date, has Cele Christ, Bishop of Cill-Cele-Christ in Ui Dunchadha, in Fotharta,^? in Lein- ster, with the statement, that he sprmig from the race of Eoghan, son to Niall. In the Kalendar of Drummond^^ his feast is this day noted. It is supposed possible, that the name of Christ Church, Dublin, may have been derived from this Cele Chriost, a saint of high reputation. '?
Article IX. —St. Mochua, of Cluain Dobhtha. The Martyrology of Tallagh^ records this name and place, at the 3rd of March. That of Marianus O'Gorman also enters Mochua, of Cluaindobtha, as the Bollandists remark. ' The festival of Mochua, of Cluain Dabhtha was celebrated, on this day, as we read in the Martyrology of Donegal. 3
Article X. —St. Connall or Conaill. According to the Martyrology of Donegal,^ we find Conall registered, as having a festival, on this day. Probably from the postfix S. , in the subsequent entry, we are to understand, that he was a soggart, or priest. Thus, the name, Connaill, S. , occurs in the Martyrology of Tallagh,' at the 3rd of March. His identity we cannot surmise.
Article XI. —Reputed Festival of a Translation of St. Cedde's Relics. The relics of St. Cedde^ brought into Scotia, and religiously placed in Dundrain, is a festival entered by Dempster, at the 3rd of March, in his " Menologium Scoticum. " ' The Bollandists merely refer to this notice. 3
Article XII. —Reputed Festival of a St. Magor. We find a St. Magor set down, at the 3rd of March, in the anonymous Catalogue of Irish Saints, published by O'SuUevan Beare. ^ Elsewhere, we find nothing, to clear up this entry.
-' The following Irish stanza, with its English translation, h—as been furnished by
p. 250, note.
** "
Professor O'Looney
•p. tl. hipAiftrloniAni
treiL •OA i\ecLAiiTO TAeiiiAin
Cell CiMfC cAin Au^xAib ITI0 in<xc|\u rtiAC ]'enAiii.
On the feast of Florianus,
The feast of two stars us precede j
Cele Crist of gentle counsel
Noblest of youths was the son of
Senan.
'5 Edited by Rev. Dr. Kelly, p. xvii.
Scottish 6. Saints," p.
=9 See T. Gilbert's " John
"'
62, 63.
:
Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
"? This should probably be 1 poyvruACAib, ""
in the Fortuathas or border lands, as the Fortuatha of Leinster included the southern
part of the county of Dublin, says Mr. p. 222.
Hennessy. He adds
Article xii. iv. , cap. xi. , p. 49.
'
See "Historiae Catho-
the Forthuatha was not confined to the territory of Ui-Mail, in Wicklow, as O' Donovan thought. See "Leabhar na g-Ceart, or Book of Rights,"
:
.
See Bishop Forbes'
Kalendars of
of the CityofDublin,"—vol. i. ,chap,iii. ,p. 98.
Article ix.
'
Edited Rev. Dr. by
Kelly, p. xvii.
'See "Acta Sanctorum," tonius i. ,
Martii iii. Among the pretermitted saints, p. 222.
3 Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
62, 63. — Article x.
' Edited Reeves, pp. 62, 63.
=*
'
Article xi. See his Life, at the 2nd
of March.
» See Bishop Forbes' "Kalendars of
Scottish Saints," p. 193.
3 gee "Acta Sanctorum," tomus i.
Edited by R—ev. Dr. Kelly, p. xvii.
Martii iii. Among the pretermitted saints,
—
licse Iberniix; Compendium," tomus i. , lib,
History
Drs. Todd and
by
March 3. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 109
Article XIII. —Feast of the Monk Owen or Owini. We have already noticed this devoted religious, in connexion with the Acts of St. Cedda. ^ Edward Maihew, and Bucelin, as also the Bollandists, have his
Article
rum," tomus
See
"Acta
Among pre-
222.
* See his Life, at the 5th of March,
celebrated on the
of on the
March, according
to Menard's "
termitted saints, p. 222.
^
Edited by Rev. Dr. Kelly, p. xvii.
termitted saints," p. 223.
^ Inthe —of Menology Cologne.
'
Article xvii. Now St. David's,
3 Edited 62, 63.
by
Drs. Todd and
Reeves, pp.
* See notices of him, at the iSth of Ja- nuary.
Wales,
2 <<
Article xv. —' Edited
by
Rev. Dr,
Irish MSS. vol. Academy. " Series, i. ,
part i. , pp. 96, 97. —
Article xviii. 'See "Acta Sancto-
rum,"tomusi. , Martiiiii. Amongthepre- termitted saints, p. 222.
Kelly, p. xvii.
'Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
62,63.
3 See " Acta Sanctorum," tomus i. ,
3rd
Martyrolo-
English
Article XIV. —St. Fachtna, of Cre Beg. The Bollandists^ note a feast, in honour of Fachtna, of Cre-big,at this date, citing as authority the Mar- tyrology of Tallagh,^ at the 3rd of March, which inserts the following entry : FachtnaoChraebhaig. MarianusO'GormanalsoentersFachtnaofCre-big. Fachtna, of Cre Beg, occurs likewise in the Martyrology of Donegal,3 on this day. The place seems to be Creevy, and it is probably identical with the place where St. Critan* is venerated.
Article XV. —St. Concrada or Conchraidh, Bishop, In the Mar-
tyrology of Tallagh' is inserted Concrada, at the 3rd of March, and in that of Marianus O'Gorman, this Conchrad is set down as a bishop. We also
= find, that Conchraidh, Bishop, is entered in the Martyrology of Donegal, at
this date. The Bollandists observe,3 that there was a Regulus of Ossory, a
worthy man, called Conchradius, who was contemporaneous with St. Kieran,^ Bishop of Saigir ; yet, it is not certain, the former had been classed among the saints.
Article XVI. —Reputed Festival of St. Patto, Bishop of Verden,
ANDAbbotofArmarbaric. \SeventhandEighthCentiiries. l Atthisdate, the Bollandists^ remark, that Gelenius" has a festival for the present holy
man. At the 30th of March, further particulars, regarding him, will be found.
Article XVII. —Reputed Festival 5f St. David, Archbishop of
Menevia, Wales. Under the head of Cill Muine,^ Duald Mac Firbis
records, David, Bishop of Cill Muine, and Archbishop of the Isle of Britain, at March 3rd. '^
Article XVIII. —St. Cillene or Cillen, perhaps of Inis Doimle, NOW Inch, County of Wexford. The Bollandists^ allude to Killenus of Inisdomle, a monastery, according to Colgan, within the confines of Munster.
feast,
gium Benedictinum," or,
Martyrology. " The name Owen was always a common one in Ireland, and it seems probable Owini is only the Saxon form for it.
Article xiii. —' of March.
See his Life, at the 2nd
XIV. — '
i. , Martii iii.
Martii iii. Among the pretermitted saints,
p.
Sancto- the
—'See "Acta Sancto- rum," tomus i. , Martii iii. Among the pre-
29th
of
July, according
to the "
Article xvi.
ggg Proceedings of the Royal Irish
no LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS.
[March 4.
One conjecture is, that he may have been an anchoret, named in the Acts of St. Brigid,' and another, that he may have been Killen, a disciple to St. Fin-
bar, of Cork. 3 The Martyrologies of Tallagh,+ of Marianus O'Gorman, and of DonegaljS at the 3rd of March record, Cillen, of Inis Doimle. His place would appear to have been identical with Inch,^ situated in the barony of Shelmaliere West, and county of Wexford. ? In 1840, some part of the old church walls remained. These were built with very large stones, and they
had every appearance of being old ; but, owing to the ruins having been covered with thorns and briars, the length and breadth of the old church could not be exactly measured The cemetery adjoining had then long been disused, as a place for interment. ^ According to the Manuscript,9 to be found in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, this saint was a bishop and a confessor, having an office of nine Lessons.
jfoiirt! ) IBap of i^arrl).
ARTICLE L—ST. MUKNA, MUICIN, OR MUKINUS, BISHOP OF MAIGHIN, OR MOYNE, COUNTY OF MAYO.
and the Bollandists' have some notices of this saint, at the COL4GthAdNay*of March. The latter authorities doubt, how the name Muc- cinus can be resolved into Mucna, or even, if the identity of the Mucna, mentioned in St. Patrick's Tripartite Life, with the present holy man, be admitted, why, they ask, should the former be classed among our Irish saints ? We shall not attempt the solution of these difficulties, but only relate what we find on record. In one instance, at least, this saint is placed, among those holy persons connected with the county of Louth,3 where, according to some authorities, Maighin was located. However, we do not in- cline to such an opinion. Agaip^he is placed at Mines church, in Jenkinstown, county of Kilkenny, by Rev. Mr. Shearman. There is no account, regarding the time, in which St. Mucna or Muckin, of Magin, in Tyrawly, lived. Although we find him classed, by Colgan,'* among St. Patrick's disciples ; still, there is not the least foundation for an assertion, that he was made bishop, by—our Irish
from all omission in the the This be —
Apostle. may gleaned Tripartite authoritycitedforthisoccasion whichonlymakesmentionofMuckna,not
only as having been placed by St. Patrick,5 a bishop, over Domnach-mor church,*
See her Life, at the ist of February.
See his life, at the 25th of September.
* Edited by Rev. Dr. Kelly, p. xvii.
5 Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
62,63.
* It is described, on the " Ordnance Sur-
vey Townland Maps for the County of Wex-
ford," Sheets 35, 40.
1 See O'Donovan's "Annals of the Four
Masters," vol. i. , n. (b), p. 380.
^ Thenameisan of or Anglicizing irnf in|"e,
which signifies "an island" or "the holme ofariver. " See John O'Donovan's rendering in " Letters containing Information relative to the Antiquities of the County of Wexford, collected during the Progress of the Ord-
nance Survey in 1840," vol. ii. , p. 356.
' Classed B. 3. 10. It mentions, in the Calendar, at March 3rd, Nones. V. Sancti
Kelani, Epis. e—t Conf. ix. Lect.
Mukino, Episcopo, p. 457.
''See "Acta Sanctorum," tomus i. ,
Martii iv. Among the pretermitted saints, p. 299.
3 yee "Louth Extracts" of the Irish Ord- nance Survey, vol. i. , p. 140.
* See "Trias Thaumaturga. " Quinta Appendix ad Acta S. Patricii, cap. xxiii. , p. 267.
s See his Life, at the 17th of March.
i. Article 'See,
"Acta Sanctorum Hibernice," iv. Martii. De S. Mukna sive
March 4. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. iii
in Tyrawly, but, rather as having been buried, in that place. 7 It has been identified with Moyne, in the parish of Killala,^ barony of Tirawley, and countyofMayo. Thefoundationofachurchissupposedtohavebeenlaid
there, about a. d, 440, when the Apostle prosecuted his successful mission, in that western district. It seems, Colgan adopted an opinion, that Muckna ruled over this church as a bishop,^ but, without any sufficient foundation for referring it to St. Patrick's time ; and, then finding himself puzzled about the
period when this supposed disciple lived, he threw out a conjecture, that
such appointment took place, a. d. 470. He assigns as a reason for this "
conjecture, that the Tripartite seems to indicate, by the term est," that Muckna was ahve, about the year 520 ; for, this has been very uncritically considered, as the period when the Tripartite Life had been written. '" Yet, nothing is more common in some of St. Patrick's Lives than to use est for
requiescit; so that, the meaning of the passage now quoted may be, that Mucna's remains were at Domnach-mor ; still, at what time they were
deposited there, we have no means left for discovering. Apparently, for no more sufficient reason, than not to make Mucna live too long, Colgan affixed
this appointment as bishop there, to the year 470, so that he might probably be living, about a. d. 520. " An entry appears, in the Martyrology of Tal- lagh," at the 4th of March, which thus reads : "Mucini Maighni. " Marianus
O'Gorman, also, commemorates him. In the Manuscript of Florarius, we find an entry of Mokinus, Abbas,'3 at the same date. According to the Martyrology of Donegal,'^ we read, about Muicin, of Maighin, as having a festival on this day.
Article II. —St. Adrian and his Companions, Martyrs, in the
IslandofMay,Scotland. \NinthCentury. ^ Thereareaccountsofthese
holy martyrs, in the works of the BoUandists,' of William F. Skene,^ and of Bishop Forbes. 3 These are taken, chiefly from the Breviary of Aberdeen. * Various other accounts have been added,3 and it would seem the authentic narrative of their Acts can hardly be composed, at present, so misty have become the popular and recorded traditions. Now, in the Calendars of the Catholic Church, a feast is assigned to a St. Adrian of Nicomedia,^ at the
*' "
4th of March, and in the Bruxelles Auctuarium of Usuard, we find a St
^
Patrick here founded an abbey. See " Mon- asticon Hibernicum," p. 502.
7 See Colgan's "Trias Thaumaturga. "
Septima Vita S. Patricii, lib. ii. , cap.
Ixxxiii. , p. 141, and n. 134, p. 180.
Among the pretermitted saints, p. 299.
'* Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
62, 63.
Article II. —'See "Acta Sanctorum,"
tomus i. , Martii iv. De Sanctis Martyribus Adriano Epis. S, Andrese, Stolbrando Episc. Glodiano, Caio, et aliis plurimis, in Maia Insula Scotise, pp. 326 to 328.
^ See "Celtic Scotland: A of History
^
Its bounds are traceable on the "Ord-
Archdall states very incorrectly, that St.
nance Survey Townland Maps for the
of Sheets 22. County Mayo," 14, 15, 21,
On the latter Sheet is the townland of Ancient Alban," vol. ii. , chap, vii. , pp. 311
Moyne, near the mouth of the River Moy.
to 317.
3 See " Kalendars of Scottish Saints," pp.
266 to 268.
4 Pars Hyemalis, f. Ixii.
s See also the "Chronicles of the Picts
Here are ruins of a former abbey. "
9 See Acta Sanctorum Hibernias," Martii iv. , p. 457.
'° The passage reads: " Venit Patricius
ad Ecclesiara de — ubi est Domnach-mor,
Episcopus Mucna. " Colgan's "Trias Thau- maturga. " Septima Vita S. Patricii, pars. ii. , cap. Ixxxiii. , p. 141.
and ^
Scots," p. 423.
In the Bollandists' account, the number
_" See Rev. Dr. Lanigan's " Ecclesiastical History of Ireland," vol. i. , chap, v. , sect. xii. , pp. 253, 254. , and n. 119, p. 255.
of martyred companions is thirty-three, and we are told the most ancient Martyrologies,
as also the Roman Martyrology, edited by Baronius, are of accord. See "Acta Sane- torum," tomus i. , Martii iv. Among the
pretermitted saints, p. 300.
"> " Apud Nicomediam natale beati Ad«
" Edited by Rev. Dr. Kelly, p. xvii.
'3 See the Bollandists' "Acta Sanctorum. "
112 LIVES OE THE IRISH SAINTS. [March 4.
Gagius,7 who seems to correspond with Gayus of tlie Aberdeen Breviary, at the same date. For iUustration of what we are about to convey, the reader is requested to give some little consideration to the notices of Saints Mannan and Tiaan, of Aredh-Suird or Airiudh h-Uird, at the 23rd of February. ^ In addition we may observe, that the Breviary of Aberdeen contains an account, that St. Adrian was born in the province of Pannonia in Hungary ; that he was of royal descent and of episcopal rank ; his diligence in the sacred order being testified, by the many clerics and seculars, who were his companions. Inflamed with missionary zeal, it is said he betook himself to the eastern and Pictish parts of Scotia. The incredible number of 6,606 companions, in- cluding Glodian,9 Gaius,^° Monan," Stolbrand, and others not specially named. AlthoughcalledBishopofSt. Andrew's,St. Adrianissupposedto have been a bishop, yet without a fixed see. ^^ But, it seems most probable, that the present holy man, and his companion martyrs, came from Ireland j since, Boece states, that they were of the Scots and Angles. '3 It has been supposed, by a learned and critical Scottish historian,^-* that the Angles may have represented the church of Acca,^5 who, driven from Northumberland, had founded a bishopric among the Picts, in a. d. 732, while the Scotti or Irish may have represented the church of Adrian, who, in some of the lists, is placed at the head of the bishops of St Andrew's. '^ A conjecture has been hazarded, that the Irish contingent had been forced out of Ireland, owing to the Danish invasions, which prevailed, especially during the ninth century. It is thought, that when Kenneth MacAlpin had established his sway over the Picts, and when his son Constantine II. reigned, the holy Irish emigrants arrived, and acquired a habitation in the Firth of Forth. '? The martyrdom of St. Adrian, and of his companions, is referred to about a.
