No More Learning

In settling the text certain laws of composition
have also to be considered. It is observed by
Dionysius that while Demosthenes has more sense
of euphony than Thucydides, he has not the uniform
smoothness of Isocrates, but that on rhythm he
nevertheless bestows the utmost pains (dc 'Dem.
43--52). It is also noticed by Cicero that, in com-
parison with Isocrates, Demosthenes to a great extent
regards the concourse of vowels as a fault, and avoids
it accordingly (Oratorg 151). In the more highly
finished speeches of Demosthenes, when the choice
lies between a reading involving a hiatus and a
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? LA Ws 0F COMPOSITION lxxiii
reading not involving it, other considerations being
about equally balanced, the latter is more likely to
represent the original text. The extent to which
hiatus may be removed, either by transposition or
by conjectural emendation, is a point on which
editors differ. Blass goes further than others in
this respect. 1
Again, by a law of composition discovered by Blass,
Demosthenes, so far as possible, avoids the consecu-
tive use of three or more short syllables, except where
the three syllables are included in the same word, or
in combinations virtually equivalent to a single word.
It is to the observance of this rule that we may
ascribe the steady and stately march of the prose
of Demosthenes as compared with that of Plato.
The question arises how far we are justified in
removing exceptions to this rule by resorting to
conjectural emendation ; and here, again, the dis-
coverer of the rule is apt to go further than other
scholars. 2 The same holds good of various minutiae
of rhythmical correspondence between consecutive
clauses or sentences. 3 Different editors may well
assign different degrees of weight to such considera-
tions 5 and even the same editor may hold different
opinions at different times. Thus, on all the points
above mentioned, on rhythmical correspondences, on
the avoidance of hiatus and consecutive short syllables,
and on the exact degree of importance to be assigned
to reminiscences in later writers, we have to dis-
tinguish between the first thoughts of Blass, as
represented in the first volume of the Teubner text
(B11), the 8561-epai qbpovrtSes as revealed in the
Addenda to the remaining volumes (B12), and the
1 Alt. Ber. III i 100--52. 9 ib. 105--122. 3 ib. 127 f".
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? lxxiv SELECT LIST OF EDITIONS, ETC-
Tpt'rat ? povrides in his editions of the Philippic Orations
and the speech 0n the Crown (1313). 1 These repeated
confessions of changes of opinion reflect the highest
credit on the candour of the eminent scholar in
question. They are apt, however, to create mis-
givings as to the wisdom of setting aside the
evidence of the M88, and putting in its place what
' after all can only be regarded as uncertain inferences
from vague reminiscences, or as unduly strict applica-
tions of theoretical rules of composition which may
perhaps hold good as a whole, but which Demo-
sthenes, as a practical orator, may possibly have
followed without absolutely rigid uniformity. The
text of the present volume, though founded mainly
on that of the Teubner edition, not unfrequently
departs from it, not only in cases where Blass him-
self has changed his mind, but also in others, where
the evidence of the M58 seems too strong to be
overruled.
IX Select List of Editions, Dissertations, and
Books of Reference
TEXT
(1) JGBaiter and HSauppe Oratores Attici, Ziirich 1850.
(2) IBekker Demosthenis Orationes, stereotyped ed. , Leipzig
1854. (3) JTVoemel Dem. Contiones, Halle 1857. (4)
WDindorf Dem. Orationes [Leipzig 1825, Oxford 1846], ed.
tertia correctior (Teubner), Leipzig 1855 ; ed. quarta carreetior,
edidit PBlass, 1885-9. (5) Thalheim neun Philippische Reden
(Teubner), Leipzig 1897'. (6) SHButcher Dem. Orationes I
(01'. 1-19), Oxford 1903.
1 On the general questions of textual criticism suggested by
the latter edition, I may refer to Professor Butcher's admirable
article in the Classical Review v 309-15.
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? L
Sfl E0 T LIST OF EDITIONS, ETC'. lxxv
COMMENTARIES
GENERAL
(1) GHSchaef? r Apparatus criticus ad Dem, London (vol. i)
1824. (2) WDmdorf (vol. v) Ainwtatimws Interpretum ad
Or. 1-19, Oxlord 1849; (vol. viii) Scholta Greece, 1851.
SPECIAL
,(1) VLucchesini 01'. 1--6 etc. , cum n-otis. . historicis, Rome
1712. (2) RMounteney 01'. 1-4, Cambridge 1731; ed. 13,
1820. (3) CARiidiger 07'. 1--5, Leipzig 1818; ed. 2, 1829.
(4) JHBremi 01". 1--4 etc. , Goths. 1829. (5) JTVoemel 01'.
1--5, Frankfurt 1829. (6) FFranke 01'. 1-6, Leipzig 1842; ed.
3, 1871. (7) HSauppe 0r. 1-4, Gotha 1845. (8) AWester-
mann 0r. 1--6, 8, 9, Berlin 1851; ed. 10 (Rosenberg), 1902.
(9) RWhiston 01'. 1--18, London 1859. (10) HMWilkins
Olynthiacs, 01'. 1--3, London 1860 (out of print). (11)
CRehdantz 01'. 1--4, Leipzig 1860 ; ed. 8 (FBlass), 1893. 1 (12)
GHHeslop Olymhiacs and Philippics, 01'. 1--4, 6, 9, [10], London
1868. (13) CSchmelzer on 01'. 1-3 in Studien zm' Redekunst
i, Guben 1869. (14) HWeil les meng'ues de De? mosthe'ne, 0r.
1--[17], Paris 1873; ed. 2, 1881 ; also Sept Philippiques,
school ed. 1896. (15) TGwatkin First Philippic, 01'. 4, edited
after Rehdantz (Macmillan), London 1883. (16) JSZSrgel Or.
1~4 (for beginners), Gotha 1883; ed. 8 (ADeuerling), 1907.
(17) EAbbott and PEMatheson 01*. 1-4, Oxford 1887. (18)
ABaran Schiller-Cmnmentar zu Dem. acht Staatsreden, 01*. 1-6,
8, 9 (for beginners), Vienna, ed. 2, 1894. (19) 03111011 Sept
Philippiques, school ed. , Paris 1894. (20) FBTaIbell Philippics,
0r. 4, 6, 9, Boston, U. S. A. [1880], 1896. (The editions by
Brauning, Hanover 1891, Regan, Paris 1893, and Windel.
Bielefeld 1896, are quite elementary. ) (21) TRGlover Olynthians,
Cambridge 1897. (22) GADavies Philippics, Cambridge 1907.
1 ed. 9(KFuhr),1909.
LEXIGOGRAPHY, TEXTUAL CRITICISM etc.
(1) Harpooration. ed. Dindorf, Oxford 1853. (2) Rhetores
Graeci, ed. Walz, 1832--6. (3) CRehdantz Indices, Ted. 4
(FBlass), Leipzig 1886. (4) SPreuss Index Demosthenicus,
Leipzig 1895.
(1) PPDobree Adoersaria (ed. Scholefield), Cambridge 1833 ;
(ed. Wagner) Leipzig 1875. (2) CGCobet Miscellanea Critica,
Leyden 1876. (3) KHalm Be-merkungen zu Dem. ~in Com-
mmtatioms philol. in honorem Mommsem' pp. 694-704, Berlin
1877. (4) Karlowa Sprachgebrm/ch des Deon, Pless 1883.
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? lxxvi DEM OS THENIC' LI TERA TURE
(5) ERosenberg Came Demosthehicae, Hirschberg 1887. (6)
J'May an Kritik (ler Reden ales Dem. , on Or. 4, Leipzig 1894--5.
(7) EDrerup Antike Demosthenesmesgaben in Philalogus, Suppl.
vii (1899) 533-88, and Dem. -ilberliefemmg, Miinchen 1902.
DEMOSTHENIC LITERATURE
GENERAL
(1) KGBb'hnecke Forsehungen eta, Berlin 1843-64. ('2)
Arnold Schaefer Dem. nnd seine Zeit, 3 vols. , ed. 2, Leipzig
1885. (3) FBlass die Altische Beredsamlceit, especially vol. III i,
cd. 2, Leipzig 1893. (4) SHButcher Demosthenes (Macmillan),
London 1881.
SPECIAL
0n Gr. 1--4 etc.
(1) LSpengel die dynn'yopiat rles Dem. I, ll, Miincllcn 1860.
(2) WHar'tel Demosthenisehe (a) Slndien 1 (on 01'. 1--4), Wien
1877; (b) Antn'ige, ib. 1877. (3) GPUnger Zeitfolge der vier
ersten Dem. Reden (0r. 2 early in summer of 852, 0r. 1 in 351,
0r. 4 early in October 351, Or. 3 early in August 349), Miinchen
1880. (4) ABaz'an Zur C'hronologie ales Enbeischen Krieges u.
der Ol. Reden des Dem. (rev. in Bursian Jrihresb. 1889, i 211),
Wiener Studien vii 190-231, 1885. (5) PJDitges Philippisehe
Reden des Dem. , Koln 1887. (6) ALaudahn Bemerkzmg/en :u
den Dem. Staatsreden, Hildesheim 1900.
On the First Philipjeic (0r. 4)
(1) Ilsz Zeit-Beslimmnng der ersten Rede gegen Philippos
(latter half of 351), Miincheu 1857. (2) ASchaefer in Jah'rb.
f. cl. Phil. 79 (1859), 667 f (spring of 351). (3) Fuchs Zeit-
Bestimmnng u. s. w. (early in 851) refutes the dates of Bohnecke
(349--8) and Hadicke etc. (350--49 or 351-50), Tfibingen 1875.
(4) HSchefczik Ueber die Avassnngszeit n. s. w. (latter half
of 347), Troppau 1896. (5) JHBremi' des Dem. erste Phil.
Itede ist nur ein Ganzes, Ziirich 1819. (6) J'Held. 2 Proleg. et
Annotationcs, Breslau 1831. (7) MSeebeck2 Zeitschm'ft f. d.
AWS. , nos. 91--7, 1838. (8) Schfining Uebei die redne'rische
Knnst in der ersten Phil. , G'ottingen 1849. (9) Enaedicke1
de prima. Dem. Phil. (date winter 351--50), Berlin 1858. (10)
WDoehlel de Dem. Phil. orationum primal (date 351), Halle
1866. (11) HEichler2 Dem. erste Phil. noch eine Doppelrede
(rev. in Bursian's Jahv'esb. 1889, p. 208), Wien 1883. (12)
ABaranl 'die einheitliche Composition der ersten Phi1. ,' Wiener
Studien vi 173-205, 1884 (rev. in Bursian 1. 0. ) (13) HMutherl
die Composition der ersten Phil. Bede, Coburg 1887. (14)
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? DISSERTATIONS ON OR. 1-4 lxxvii
KStflimiedl die erste Phil. Rede, nach Veranlassng, Gedanken-
gang n. Zweck unters'ucht, Horn 1894. (15) ESchwau:l erste
Phil. , Marburg 1894. (16) HSchefczik1 die erste Phil. ist
zweifellos ein Ganzes, Troppau 1895.
1 For the unity of the Speech ; 2 against.
0n the order of the Olynlhizws
0r. 2, 3, 1. (1)RRauchenstein, Leipzig 1821, and (enlarged)
in Bremi's ed. , 1829. (2) AZiemann, Quedlinburg 1832. (3)
OThirlwall Excursus v 512, 1838. (4) CHolzinger, Prag 1856.
Or. 2, 1, 3. (5) CGAStueve, Osnabriick 1830-3. (6) GGrote,
Excursus in c. 88, 1853. (7)JPurgaj (rev. in Bursian's Jah'resb.
1877, p. 484), Marburg in St. 1874. (8) GFUnger Zeitfolge
n. s. w. , Miinchen 1880.
0121, 2, 3. (9). ]'BRappe1, Landshut 1825. (10) AWestermann
Qnaest. Dem. pars 1, Leipzig 1830. (11) FJacobs Uebersetzung
pp. 159 f, Leipzig 1805; ed. 2, 1833. (12) GAI-'Briickner,
Schweidnitz 1833. (13) I'WTPetrenz, Gumbinnen 1833-4.
(14) Schiining (01'. 1-3 delivered on three successive days),
G'ottingen 1853. (15) Wolf Dimtysios oder Libanios? Czer-
nowitz 1862. (16) JvKlebelsberg, Triest 1865. (17) FTerli-
kowski O mowach olintw'skich (rev. in Bursian's Jahresb. 1889,
p. 204), Lemberg 1882. (18) ABaran in Wiener Studien vii
(1885), pp. 225--7.
Aiuflysis of Or. 1--4
(1) PSchmieder Dispositionen zn den drei Ol. Reden, Colberg
1870. (2) CFischer Inhaltstabelle 01'. 1--3 (Bursian's Jahresb.
1889, p. 205). (3) GLeuchtenberger Dispositive Inhalts-
iibersicht der d'r'ei Ol. Reden, Berlin 1882; ed. 2, 1884. (4)
Muenscher Gliede'rung . . drcicr Staatsreden, Janer 1883. (5)
HMuther die Compositimz. der e'rsten Phil. Rede, Coburg 1887.
(6) EHaerter Msposition zn den drei Reden gegen Philiplms,
so wie zu der Rode 1repl 'rfis elpv'lvns, Stendal 1887. (7) EBottek
Dispositive Inhalts-n'bersicht zu Dem. aeht Staatsreden, Wien
1894. (8) E0121; znr Gliederung der Ol. Reden, B6hm. -Leipa.
1894--5. (9) HReich Analysis in margin of Text of Ausgew.
politisehe Reden (01'. 1--6, 8, 9) (Teubner) Leipzig 1896. (10)
HSchefczik iiber den logischen Ali/ban der ersten und zweiten
und der dritten Ol. Reden, Troppau 1897--1900.
Periodical Literature etc.
(1) 012. 6116th Dem. Ltttemtzlr, Jahrb. f. cl. Phil. 75 (1857)
553-69, 813'27; 77 (1858) 456-71, 559--78. (2) WNitsche
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? Ixxviii BOOKS OF REFERENCE, ETC'.
Jahresbericht des phil. Vereins, Berlin 1873, p. 187. (3
PBlass Bursian's Jahresbericht 1875, pp. 281 f; 1877, i pp
482 f; 1879, 1 pp. 270 f; 1882, i pp. 190 f; 1884,i pp. 238 r.
(4) GHuettner 1b. 1889, i pp. 187 f, especially 191 f, 193,
204--12.
Phil. 1 ? 2, EHoflmann Jahrb. f. cl. Phil. 113 (1876) 475 f.
? ? 7, 8, ABoeckh Kleine Schriftcn iv 68--70. ? 33, CHFunk-
haenel Zeitschr. f. d. A W S. 1856, 210-5. ? ? 36--37, HWeil
Revue ole Philologie i (1877) 267 f. ? ? 38, 42, 48, CHFunk-
hasnel Zeitschr. f. d. Gymn. 8 (1854) 338-40.
OZ. 1 ? 1, JRichter Jahrb. f. cl. Phil. (1888) 512. ? 7,
HFrohberger Philologus 29 (1870) 633--5. ? 8, FFranke
Jrapfio'av an rapidly?