But
demnificd
by Sulla, iv.
The history of Rome; tr. with the sanction of the ... v.5. Mommsen, Theodor, 1817-1903
Interweaving of the foundation- Carthalo, Carthaginian vice-admiral in legend of Carthage with that of Rome, Sicily is the first Punic war, ii.
190
Perseus, ii. 499. War with Massinissa, iii. 237-240. Third war with Rome, iii. 241-258. Destroyed, iii. 257^ Colony sent thither by Gracchus, iii. 346, 366 cancelled by the senate, iii. 366, 374. Its territory distributed, iii. 346, 366, 374, 468 iv. 157. New colony sent by Caesar, v. 424 jC
ii
;
ii.
f.
ii.
;
i. i.
/• f.
;
ii.
; ;
i. it
1.
;
:f. :
i.
i.
;
i.
i. i. 1
;
. /C
i.
53*
Carthalo, with Hasdrubal, leader of the Celetrum,
426
patriot party In Carthage, ill. 239, 241 Cams, general of the Segcdani, iii. 217 Carventani, about 370, member of Latin
Cell*, 304
Celtiberians, ii. 322, 355, 356, 388, 391
iii. 216, 219, 444, 479, 493 Celtici, ii1. 216
HISTORY OF ROME
league, i. 448 «.
Sp- Carvilius [consul, 461], i. 490; ii. 124 Celts, character of the nation, 419-
Sp. Carvilius, teacher of writing : regulates the Latin alphabet, iii. 191
Carystus, ii. 430, 452 ; iii. 507 «. Casilinum, ii. 282, 303, 304, 335, 337
C- Cassius [consul, 681], iv. 360
C Cassius, lieutenant of Crassus, v. 160-
164
L. Cass1us [tribune of the people, 617],
iii- 300, 316
L. Cassius Longinus [consul, 647], de
feated by the Helvetii, iii. 435
L. Cassius, governor of Asia Minor, iv.
04i =9i So. 33
L. Cassius [tribune of the people, 665], iii.
330
L. "Cassius Hemina, chronicler, iv. 048.
422. Migrations, 42a f. Cross the Alps to Italy, 423^ Cross the Po, 424. Attack Etruria and capture
Rome, 424-430, Subsequent incur sions into Latium, 43 if. End of then- migrations, and results, 432. Take part in the last Sammte war, 488,/ Effect of the Celtic wars on the union of taly ii. 59. Subdued by the Romans in the course of the sixth century, ii. 222-228, 369-374. Attitude in second Punic war, ii. 268-273. f°r. bidden to acquire Roman citizenship, ii. 370 iii. 24. Gallia Cisalptna in the sixth century not yet a province, ii. 215 «•! erected as such only by Sulla, ii. 215 «. ; iv. 122 n. Italian Celts
On the Censors," iv. 25a
Q. Cassius Longinus [tribune of the Roman army during the Social war,
people, 705], v. 188. Governor in South
iii. 507
Celts of Asia Minor, ii. 308, 401^,512 iii.
280. War with, ii. 469-471, 473. War against Eumenes II. of Perganms, iii. 276. See Galatia
Celts, Transalpine, ii. 222, 223 «. , 2*6- 228. Their tribes, 423 iv. 423 Their advance into Italy checked, u. 370 J. Conflicts in seventh century, iii. 423-426
ern Spain, v. 290
Sp. Cassius [consul, 252, 261, 263], i. 361,
438 ; ii. 85 ; iii 59
Cassivellaunus, v. 64 f.
Castor and Pollux early worshipped by
the Romans, i. 230. Temple of, ii. 70 ;
iii. 367
Castra, custom-house at, iii. 19
Castrum Amerinum, i. 143
Castrum Novum, a burgess colony, ii. 39,
42
Castus, leader in gladiatorial
Catana, i. 166
Cataonia, iii. 382 n,
Catilina. See Scrgius
Cato. See Porcius
Cattle and sheep, the earliest medium of elig1ble, 383. Patricians excluded
war, iv. 363
Celts, alleged, in Southern Russia, iv. 16 Cenchreae, ii. 430
Cenomani, 423, 434 ii. 221, 223, 224, 297,
exchange, i. 238. Rearing of, in Italy, from one censorship, 383. Moral i. 243, 248. Dependent on agriculture, jurisdiction over the burgesses, 397, iii. 67. Increase of cattle-rearing, iii. 406 n. 63. Rendered thereby the 68, 74. 80-82, 97 n. , 305
Cauca, iii. 21o, 233
Caucacnus, chieftain of Lusitanians, iii.
216
Caudine Forks, i. tf1f.
Caudium, peace of, 472^
Caulonia, i. 170. In the Pyrrhic war
pillaged by mutineers, ii. 19 Caunus, ii. 446
Cavalry. See Army
Cat-ea, iii. 138
Cavum tudium, i. 301 ; iii. 207 Celeres, i. 90
first of the magistracies, ii. 64. Superior in rank to the consulate, 400. Might not be held twice, 402. Not a curule off1ce, iii. n. Limitations, iii. 10 Set aside by Sulla, iv. 113. Renewed, and term of office extended to five years by Pompeius, iv. 380 v. 147 Re stricted by Clodius, v. x11. Remodelled by Caesar, v. 429, 430. Insignia, iii. 45
Censors in the Italian towns (fWM^a/sv naies), ii. 58 ». , 59
Census arose out of the Servian military arrangements, 119^ Every fourth
228, 270, 369 iii. 474
Censorship instituted, 375. Impor
tance of the office for the governing aristocracy, 375 iii. 11. Plebeians
;
i.
i. ;
/.
i.
/. /. in
i.
i.
6
i. y: 1. ;
i.
i. i.
;; ii. i. i.
i.
i. ; ;
i.
i.
i.
;
i.
I
,i. ii.
INDEX
533
year, I. 331. Extended to Italy, 58 Occupied by Lucullus, iv. 47 and tn- m. Extended to Sicily, ii. 211.
But demnificd by Sulla, iv. 49, 54
not to the more recently added pro Chlorus, iii. 276 n,
vinces, ill. 34. Rating originally in Chrematas the Acarnanian, iii. 264
land, 115 In money, 396 f. Cicero. See Tullius
Later modifications, iii. 50 n. . Num Cilicia, ii. 398, 445, 472, 474 iii. 275, 281, bers of, when introduced into the 385; iv. 11, 317, 324, 325. Seat of Annals, ii. 102. Those of the first pirates, iii. 292, 306; iv. 2, 5, 311. A four centuries probably all fictitious,
ii- 54. 55 «• Compare Population
C. Cententus, it 279
M. Centenius, ii. 337
Centumviri, a Latin senate,
Centum viral court, iv. 128, 255
Centuripa, ii. 171, 211 *. , 213. Exempt
from taxation, iv. 158
Cephallenia, it 476, 477
Cephaloedium, ii. 185
Cephissus, iv. 44
Ccrcina, iii. 541
Cereatae Marianae, iii. 452
Ceres, 207. Festival of, iii. 4a Temple
of, in Rome, 355 w. ii. lis, «8, i23,
127
'erial 'ia, 207
Cermalus, 63,
Cervesia, v. 13
Cestrus, river in Pamphylia, ii. 472
Ceutrones, ii. 260. /
Chaeronea, battles at, iii. 269 iv. 35, \if.
Chalcedon, ii. 410 iv. 47. Siege in Latin league, 448 «. , 450, 451. Men
86
v. 348
Roman province, iii 382 iv. 4f. , 313. /C Taxation, iv. 158, r. 59 «. Province en larged by Servilius, hr. 314. Partly occupied by Tigranes, iv. 316. Enlarged by Pompcius, iv. 436
Cimbri, iii. 386, 430-438, 444"449
Ciminian Forest, 157, 432; ii. 79. March
of Q. Fabius Rullianus through
479
Cincinnatus. See Quinctius
L. Cincius Alimentus, historical work
under his name, 1ii. 185 n.
Cincis, ii. 15, 22, 30
Cinna. See Cornelius
Cinyras, ruler of Byblus, iv. 430
Ciphers, earliest in general use through
Mithradatic war, iv. 326
Chalcidian colonies In Italy and Sicily,
166, 172, 175
Chalcis, ii. 396, 421, 422, 430, 431, 442,
452. 454. 456. 457. 459. 499. 5f3 -v. 38, 42. Sides with Critolaus against Rome, iii. 268. Punishment, iii. 270, 272
Cbaldaeans in Rome, iv. 210
Chaonians in Pyrrhus' army, ii. 16. Chaplet, as prize of victory, 294, 295
iii.
Chariot races, 294, 295; iii. 124, 133 Cbarondas, laws of, 175
Charops, the Epirot, ii. 429 iii. 264 Chatti, v. 31 «. , 72, 73
Chelidonian islands, ii. 446
Cherry, the wild, native in Italy, iii.
m. From Asia Minor, transplanted to
Italy in Caesar's time, iii. 65 n. Chersonese, Tauric, iv. 15, 334. Free city, iv. 15, 17. Inscription, iv. 13 «. ,
17 n.
Chersonese, Thracian, ii. 400, 474, 477,
486 iii. 423
Chilo, slave of Cato the elder, iii. 132 n. t/iios, ii. 318,406, 411^,417, 460, 473.
Treatment of, by Mithradates, iv. 46.
Rome, 447. About 370, a member of tioned in treaty with Carthage, 452.
out Italy, 252, 264. Greek aspirates afterwards adopted as signs for 50, 100, and 1ooo, 267. Etruscan, 267, 282
Circe, ,77
Circeii, Latin colony, 446. Rises against
Not Roman burgess-community,
Circeian promontory, 177 Circus, 141. Flaminian, iii. 40
49.
Cirta, ii. 354. 3^ "•- 39i. 39a. 402, 407 iv. 177. And surrounding district, given by Caesar to P. Sittius, v. 301, 424
Cispius,
Cistopkorus, iv. 182 v. 438 m. Citrons, iii. 65 m.
Cius, ii. 407. 41°1 4«, 415. 4a1, 447
Cwes situ suffragtO, protected burgesses, 121. Burgesses without right of
electing or being elected origin of this category, 433. Their position subject to Roman civic burdens and Roman tribunals, but with administra tion of their own, 49-54, 55^ Their number, ii. 55 «. Disappearance of this class, iii. 23, 06, 54. Right pre served, with limited self-administration: Tusculum, 448; 248 «-; and the Sabines, 492. Without self-administra tion Caere, 433 Capua and other places, 463 Anagnia, 484/.
Civitas (citizenship), originally coinci dent with patriciate, 80. Could not
63
; i.
ii. ii.
i. :i. i. ;
;5
i. i. i.
:
i. i.
i.
i.
i. i.
; i.
i.
i. i.
i.
;
;
65 ; i.
:
i. i.
i. 64
f.
;
i.
; i.
i.
i.
;
i. ii. i.
;
it, :; i.
i.
C
;
;
; i.
i.
ii.
534
HISTORY OF ROME
be lost within the state, i. tytjl, 198. /C ' Ap. Claudius [officer in the war with
Within Latium, i. 131 /. Sparingly
conferred in very early times, i. 112.
Given to the Alban clans, i. 128. Later
civitas of plebeians, i. 333. Burgess-
rights formerly forced upon the holders,
then coveted and conferred as a favour,
ii. 52 f. After subjugation of Italy,
less frequently bestowed, iii. 26, 493 f.
Its assumption forbidden, iii. 496. After
the Social war, bestowed, with limita
tions, on the Italians, iii.
Perseus, ii. 499. War with Massinissa, iii. 237-240. Third war with Rome, iii. 241-258. Destroyed, iii. 257^ Colony sent thither by Gracchus, iii. 346, 366 cancelled by the senate, iii. 366, 374. Its territory distributed, iii. 346, 366, 374, 468 iv. 157. New colony sent by Caesar, v. 424 jC
ii
;
ii.
f.
ii.
;
i. i.
/• f.
;
ii.
; ;
i. it
1.
;
:f. :
i.
i.
;
i.
i. i. 1
;
. /C
i.
53*
Carthalo, with Hasdrubal, leader of the Celetrum,
426
patriot party In Carthage, ill. 239, 241 Cams, general of the Segcdani, iii. 217 Carventani, about 370, member of Latin
Cell*, 304
Celtiberians, ii. 322, 355, 356, 388, 391
iii. 216, 219, 444, 479, 493 Celtici, ii1. 216
HISTORY OF ROME
league, i. 448 «.
Sp- Carvilius [consul, 461], i. 490; ii. 124 Celts, character of the nation, 419-
Sp. Carvilius, teacher of writing : regulates the Latin alphabet, iii. 191
Carystus, ii. 430, 452 ; iii. 507 «. Casilinum, ii. 282, 303, 304, 335, 337
C- Cassius [consul, 681], iv. 360
C Cassius, lieutenant of Crassus, v. 160-
164
L. Cass1us [tribune of the people, 617],
iii- 300, 316
L. Cassius Longinus [consul, 647], de
feated by the Helvetii, iii. 435
L. Cassius, governor of Asia Minor, iv.
04i =9i So. 33
L. Cassius [tribune of the people, 665], iii.
330
L. "Cassius Hemina, chronicler, iv. 048.
422. Migrations, 42a f. Cross the Alps to Italy, 423^ Cross the Po, 424. Attack Etruria and capture
Rome, 424-430, Subsequent incur sions into Latium, 43 if. End of then- migrations, and results, 432. Take part in the last Sammte war, 488,/ Effect of the Celtic wars on the union of taly ii. 59. Subdued by the Romans in the course of the sixth century, ii. 222-228, 369-374. Attitude in second Punic war, ii. 268-273. f°r. bidden to acquire Roman citizenship, ii. 370 iii. 24. Gallia Cisalptna in the sixth century not yet a province, ii. 215 «•! erected as such only by Sulla, ii. 215 «. ; iv. 122 n. Italian Celts
On the Censors," iv. 25a
Q. Cassius Longinus [tribune of the Roman army during the Social war,
people, 705], v. 188. Governor in South
iii. 507
Celts of Asia Minor, ii. 308, 401^,512 iii.
280. War with, ii. 469-471, 473. War against Eumenes II. of Perganms, iii. 276. See Galatia
Celts, Transalpine, ii. 222, 223 «. , 2*6- 228. Their tribes, 423 iv. 423 Their advance into Italy checked, u. 370 J. Conflicts in seventh century, iii. 423-426
ern Spain, v. 290
Sp. Cassius [consul, 252, 261, 263], i. 361,
438 ; ii. 85 ; iii 59
Cassivellaunus, v. 64 f.
Castor and Pollux early worshipped by
the Romans, i. 230. Temple of, ii. 70 ;
iii. 367
Castra, custom-house at, iii. 19
Castrum Amerinum, i. 143
Castrum Novum, a burgess colony, ii. 39,
42
Castus, leader in gladiatorial
Catana, i. 166
Cataonia, iii. 382 n,
Catilina. See Scrgius
Cato. See Porcius
Cattle and sheep, the earliest medium of elig1ble, 383. Patricians excluded
war, iv. 363
Celts, alleged, in Southern Russia, iv. 16 Cenchreae, ii. 430
Cenomani, 423, 434 ii. 221, 223, 224, 297,
exchange, i. 238. Rearing of, in Italy, from one censorship, 383. Moral i. 243, 248. Dependent on agriculture, jurisdiction over the burgesses, 397, iii. 67. Increase of cattle-rearing, iii. 406 n. 63. Rendered thereby the 68, 74. 80-82, 97 n. , 305
Cauca, iii. 21o, 233
Caucacnus, chieftain of Lusitanians, iii.
216
Caudine Forks, i. tf1f.
Caudium, peace of, 472^
Caulonia, i. 170. In the Pyrrhic war
pillaged by mutineers, ii. 19 Caunus, ii. 446
Cavalry. See Army
Cat-ea, iii. 138
Cavum tudium, i. 301 ; iii. 207 Celeres, i. 90
first of the magistracies, ii. 64. Superior in rank to the consulate, 400. Might not be held twice, 402. Not a curule off1ce, iii. n. Limitations, iii. 10 Set aside by Sulla, iv. 113. Renewed, and term of office extended to five years by Pompeius, iv. 380 v. 147 Re stricted by Clodius, v. x11. Remodelled by Caesar, v. 429, 430. Insignia, iii. 45
Censors in the Italian towns (fWM^a/sv naies), ii. 58 ». , 59
Census arose out of the Servian military arrangements, 119^ Every fourth
228, 270, 369 iii. 474
Censorship instituted, 375. Impor
tance of the office for the governing aristocracy, 375 iii. 11. Plebeians
;
i.
i. ;
/.
i.
/. /. in
i.
i.
6
i. y: 1. ;
i.
i. i.
;; ii. i. i.
i.
i. ; ;
i.
i.
i.
;
i.
I
,i. ii.
INDEX
533
year, I. 331. Extended to Italy, 58 Occupied by Lucullus, iv. 47 and tn- m. Extended to Sicily, ii. 211.
But demnificd by Sulla, iv. 49, 54
not to the more recently added pro Chlorus, iii. 276 n,
vinces, ill. 34. Rating originally in Chrematas the Acarnanian, iii. 264
land, 115 In money, 396 f. Cicero. See Tullius
Later modifications, iii. 50 n. . Num Cilicia, ii. 398, 445, 472, 474 iii. 275, 281, bers of, when introduced into the 385; iv. 11, 317, 324, 325. Seat of Annals, ii. 102. Those of the first pirates, iii. 292, 306; iv. 2, 5, 311. A four centuries probably all fictitious,
ii- 54. 55 «• Compare Population
C. Cententus, it 279
M. Centenius, ii. 337
Centumviri, a Latin senate,
Centum viral court, iv. 128, 255
Centuripa, ii. 171, 211 *. , 213. Exempt
from taxation, iv. 158
Cephallenia, it 476, 477
Cephaloedium, ii. 185
Cephissus, iv. 44
Ccrcina, iii. 541
Cereatae Marianae, iii. 452
Ceres, 207. Festival of, iii. 4a Temple
of, in Rome, 355 w. ii. lis, «8, i23,
127
'erial 'ia, 207
Cermalus, 63,
Cervesia, v. 13
Cestrus, river in Pamphylia, ii. 472
Ceutrones, ii. 260. /
Chaeronea, battles at, iii. 269 iv. 35, \if.
Chalcedon, ii. 410 iv. 47. Siege in Latin league, 448 «. , 450, 451. Men
86
v. 348
Roman province, iii 382 iv. 4f. , 313. /C Taxation, iv. 158, r. 59 «. Province en larged by Servilius, hr. 314. Partly occupied by Tigranes, iv. 316. Enlarged by Pompcius, iv. 436
Cimbri, iii. 386, 430-438, 444"449
Ciminian Forest, 157, 432; ii. 79. March
of Q. Fabius Rullianus through
479
Cincinnatus. See Quinctius
L. Cincius Alimentus, historical work
under his name, 1ii. 185 n.
Cincis, ii. 15, 22, 30
Cinna. See Cornelius
Cinyras, ruler of Byblus, iv. 430
Ciphers, earliest in general use through
Mithradatic war, iv. 326
Chalcidian colonies In Italy and Sicily,
166, 172, 175
Chalcis, ii. 396, 421, 422, 430, 431, 442,
452. 454. 456. 457. 459. 499. 5f3 -v. 38, 42. Sides with Critolaus against Rome, iii. 268. Punishment, iii. 270, 272
Cbaldaeans in Rome, iv. 210
Chaonians in Pyrrhus' army, ii. 16. Chaplet, as prize of victory, 294, 295
iii.
Chariot races, 294, 295; iii. 124, 133 Cbarondas, laws of, 175
Charops, the Epirot, ii. 429 iii. 264 Chatti, v. 31 «. , 72, 73
Chelidonian islands, ii. 446
Cherry, the wild, native in Italy, iii.
m. From Asia Minor, transplanted to
Italy in Caesar's time, iii. 65 n. Chersonese, Tauric, iv. 15, 334. Free city, iv. 15, 17. Inscription, iv. 13 «. ,
17 n.
Chersonese, Thracian, ii. 400, 474, 477,
486 iii. 423
Chilo, slave of Cato the elder, iii. 132 n. t/iios, ii. 318,406, 411^,417, 460, 473.
Treatment of, by Mithradates, iv. 46.
Rome, 447. About 370, a member of tioned in treaty with Carthage, 452.
out Italy, 252, 264. Greek aspirates afterwards adopted as signs for 50, 100, and 1ooo, 267. Etruscan, 267, 282
Circe, ,77
Circeii, Latin colony, 446. Rises against
Not Roman burgess-community,
Circeian promontory, 177 Circus, 141. Flaminian, iii. 40
49.
Cirta, ii. 354. 3^ "•- 39i. 39a. 402, 407 iv. 177. And surrounding district, given by Caesar to P. Sittius, v. 301, 424
Cispius,
Cistopkorus, iv. 182 v. 438 m. Citrons, iii. 65 m.
Cius, ii. 407. 41°1 4«, 415. 4a1, 447
Cwes situ suffragtO, protected burgesses, 121. Burgesses without right of
electing or being elected origin of this category, 433. Their position subject to Roman civic burdens and Roman tribunals, but with administra tion of their own, 49-54, 55^ Their number, ii. 55 «. Disappearance of this class, iii. 23, 06, 54. Right pre served, with limited self-administration: Tusculum, 448; 248 «-; and the Sabines, 492. Without self-administra tion Caere, 433 Capua and other places, 463 Anagnia, 484/.
Civitas (citizenship), originally coinci dent with patriciate, 80. Could not
63
; i.
ii. ii.
i. :i. i. ;
;5
i. i. i.
:
i. i.
i.
i.
i. i.
; i.
i.
i. i.
i.
;
;
65 ; i.
:
i. i.
i. 64
f.
;
i.
; i.
i.
i.
;
i. ii. i.
;
it, :; i.
i.
C
;
;
; i.
i.
ii.
534
HISTORY OF ROME
be lost within the state, i. tytjl, 198. /C ' Ap. Claudius [officer in the war with
Within Latium, i. 131 /. Sparingly
conferred in very early times, i. 112.
Given to the Alban clans, i. 128. Later
civitas of plebeians, i. 333. Burgess-
rights formerly forced upon the holders,
then coveted and conferred as a favour,
ii. 52 f. After subjugation of Italy,
less frequently bestowed, iii. 26, 493 f.
Its assumption forbidden, iii. 496. After
the Social war, bestowed, with limita
tions, on the Italians, iii.
