Of the Servilian
agrarian
law, iv.
The history of Rome; tr. with the sanction of the ... v.5. Mommsen, Theodor, 1817-1903
i.
;
it, :; i.
i.
C
;
;
; i.
i.
ii.
534
HISTORY OF ROME
be lost within the state, i. tytjl, 198. /C ' Ap. Claudius [officer in the war with
Within Latium, i. 131 /. Sparingly
conferred in very early times, i. 112.
Given to the Alban clans, i. 128. Later
civitas of plebeians, i. 333. Burgess-
rights formerly forced upon the holders,
then coveted and conferred as a favour,
ii. 52 f. After subjugation of Italy,
less frequently bestowed, iii. 26, 493 f.
Its assumption forbidden, iii. 496. After
the Social war, bestowed, with limita
tions, on the Italians, iii. 516 /. , 527/. ;
iv. 62 . /. The Sulplcian law equalizing C. Claudius Nero [censor, 550; consul, old and new burgesses, iii. 531-535. 547], propraetor in Spain, ii. 324, 330, The same confirmed by Cinna, iv. 58, 337, 347-348/, 351/
70 f. By Sulla, iv. 106, 114 f. Ex C. Claudius Marcellus [consul, 704], v.
tensively conferred by Caesar on non-
Italians, v. 425/
Civil ates foederatae, iv. 157
Civitates immunes, iv. 158
Civic community. See Urban
Clanis, iv. 86
Clans form the community, i. 80. Clan
command after Cannae, ii. 298, 303, 304, 305, 310; iii. 51/ War in Sicily, ii- 310-313. Charges against him, iii. 57/ His treatment of the Syracusans, iii. 33. The first to bring art-treasures from conquered Greek cities to Rome, iii. 208. His death, ii 343
M. Claudius Marcellus [consul, 588, 599, 602], iii. 217/, 299 n.
M. Claudius Marcellus in the Social war iii. 509
M. Claudius Marcellus [consul, 703], v. 173, 179, 3=°
P. Claudius Pulcher [consul, 505], defeated at Drepana, ii. 188/. Mocks the ans pices, iii. 11s
independence, parts of the canton, i. 46. Gentes maiores et mitutres, i. 108. Significance of gentile ties even at the time of the abolition of the monarchy, l. 3t6.
Classes, i. 115. /". , "8
Ciassici, i. 118
Clastidium, battle of, li. 228, 270, 272 n. Claudia [sister to the consul of 505], iii.
102
Claudii, the patrician (Appendix), i. 495-
508
Claudius [decemvir, 303, 304], i. 365, 498-
500
Ap. Claudius Caecus [censor, 442 ; consul,
Perseus, 585], ii. 502, 505
Ap. Claudius [consul, 611 ; censor, 618], a
friend of the Gracchi, iii. 319, 323
Ap. Claudius, propraetor before Nola, iii.
547. Outlawed, iv. 72
Ap. Claudius [consul, 675], iv. 138, 306 Ap. Claudius, lieutenant in third Mithra-
datic war, iv. 336, 338
C Claudius [mil. tribune, 490], ii, 16&J'. C. Claudius Cento [commands the fleet,
447, 458]. His character, i. 395 ; ii. 93.
His censorship, i. 396 ; iii. 50 «. De Q. Claudius Quadrigarius, chronicler, v
meanour in reference to Pyrrhus, ii. 22.
Founds the system of useful public
works and buildings, i. 476; ii. 8? . 94.
And of honorary memorials of private
persons, ii. 91. His poems, ii. 94, zoo.
His calendar and formulae for actions,
it 113. Introduces r instead of s, ii. Cleonymus of Sparta, i. 482/
"5
Ap. Claudius Caudex [consul, 490], ii. 170 Ap. Claudius [consul, 495], i. 347
Ap. Claudius Pulcher [mil. tribune, 538 ;
Cleopatra, daughter of Ant1ochut ii. 445. 448 «. , 45o, 515/
Cleopatra, daughter of Mithradatcs, iv
406
consul, 542], ii. 298, 336, 337, 340. Fights Cleopatra, daughter of Ptolemaeot
against the Salassi, iii. 415 Auletes, v. 272, 276/, 28 1
Ap. Claudius [officer in the wax with Cleopatra, wife of Ptolemaeus Euergeta
Antiochus, 562 J, it 457 II. , It. 4
554], ii- 4". 423
185, 186
C. Claudius Marcellus [consul, 705], v.
188 «.
C. Claudius Pulcher [aedile, 655], im
proves the stage-decorations, iv. 236 Claud1us Unimanus [governor of Spain,
608] , iii. 223
M. Claudius Marcellus [consul, 532, 539,
consists often households, i. 85. Clan-
villages, the oldest form of settlements
in Latium,i. 44. /^ Without political Defeats the Celts, ii. 228. Takes the
540, 544, 546], his character, ii. 301 /.
496
Clauzus, Attus, migrates to Rome, i. 53 dav1es, iii. 5 n. , 16, 45
Clazomenae, ii. 461, 473. Supports the
Romans in the Social war, iii. 507 «. Pillaged by the pirates, iv. 308.
Qientship, meaning of the word, i. 109. A state of protected freedom, i. 78 f. Earliest position in the community, i. 79. A curse rests on its violation, i. 226. Based on assignation of land by protector to protected, i. 245^ Referred originally to the clan, not to the indi vidual patron, i. 246. Growth and sig nificance of, iii. 38 f. Not applied officially to relations of state law, ii. 47 n. Of towns, originating out of hon orary citizenship, i. 88 ; iii. 33
Clitarchus, ii. 2 «. , 112
Clitomachus, philosopher, iv. 192
Cloaca maxima, i. 141 ; ii. 119
Cloacae, construction of, iii. 22
P. Clodius, iv. 345, 517 ; v. 111-116, 126,
144/
Clodius Glaber, general in the Gladiator
ial war, iv. 358
Goelii, from Alba, i. 128
Cloelius, iv. 79
Clondicus, Celtic leader, il. 505
A. Cluentius, v. 300
L. Cluentius, Sara1iite leader in Social
535
Colonies of C. Gracchus, iii. 346, 374. Proposal of the elder Drusus, iii. 364 Of the younger Drusus, iii. 485. Of Sulla, iii. 541 iv. 109, 265.
Of the Servilian agrarian law, iv. 472,/C Com pare Capua
Coloniae civium Komanorum, 127 n. At first all on the sea-coast, 42, 48. Inland, iii. 26. All established in Italy after Aquileia, burgess-colonies, 52 n. The Transpadane towns designated as such, v. 131 J. Rise of municipal system, iv. 131-134
Coloniae Latinae, oldest, 135. Founded by Romano- Latin league, and received into as new independent members, 439. Colonists at first a mixture of Romans and Latins subsequent pre dominance of Romans, 440, 441. Compare Latin league
Colonies, non - Italian, projects of T. Gracchus, iii. 312. Of C Gracchus, iii. 346. Founding of Narbo, iii. 374, 419; iv. 191 v. 422. Proposals of Saturni- nus, iii. 468, 476. Of the younger Drusus, iii 485. Colonies of Caesar in Cisalpine Gaul, v. 131. In Transalpine Gaul, v. 98, 422. At various points, v. 423-425 m
Colophon, ii. 473 iii. 279 iv. 47. Pillaged by the pirates, iv. 308
Columns, building of, iii. 207
Comana, iv. 95, 332. High priest of, Iv.
438
Comedy, newer Attic, iii. 141-146 Comedy, Roman Hellenism and political
indifference, iii. 147-151. Dramatis persona* and situations, iii. 151 ,/C Composition of, iii. 153 f. Roman barbarism, iii. 154. Metres, iii. 155. Scenic arrangements, iii. 155
Comitia, non-freehold burgesses admitted generally by Appius Claudius, 396
In a more limited sense by Fabius RuU lianus, 396. Gradual extension of their functions, 397 First step to wards consulting them on administrative affairs, 397 /, Demagogic enlarge ment of their functions, iii. 57/. Vot ing districts disorganized, iii. 37, 38. Decreasing importance, 398 Nul lity of later comitia, iii. 59/. " Intro duction of voting by ballot, iii. 300, 316, 34a Better control aimed at by Marius, iii. 454. Condition in the time of the Gracchi, iii. 300 f. , 329-333. 'In the time of Sulla, iii. 541-545 iv. :<
In the time of Caesar, v. 338. Appoint
Clodius, v. z11.
v- 373
Collini, 68 n. , 69
Restricted by Caesar,
68.
Battle at the, iii. 68 n.
Colline Gate,
Collie, 68
Collis agonalis,
Colonnades occur, iii. 206
Colonies, Italian, their salutary effect on
the social state of Rome, 391. Be tween the Apennines and the Po, iii. 99,/ Stoppage of colonization in Italy since end of sixth century, iii. 312
INDEX
war, iii. 522
Cluilia fossa, i. 58
Clunia in Spain, iv. 297, 304
Clupea, i. 180, 182, 183, 184 ; iii. 252 Clupeus, 76 n.
Clu5ium = Camars,
224; iv. 167
Cnidus, iv. 47. Pillaged by the pirates,
iv. 308
Cnossus, iv. 353
Coelesyria, conflict between Syria and
Egypt about, ii. 515, 517 Coelius. See Caelius
Cohore amicorum, iii. 460 Cohorts. See Legion Coinage. See Money
Colchis, iv. 13, 20, 94, 414-416 Collatia, 125, 130
Collegia (clubs) in Rome, v. z11, 370. First forb1dden by decree of senate in 690, iv. 267 Allowed again by
143, 414, 428
»-
/.
89
; 1
i.
i.
i. i. /
i.
ii.
i. i.
f.
i. /.
;
;
i.
i.
i.
i. f.
;; /. ;
i.
-
f.
f. f. i. /,
i.
i. i.
;
it
ii.
536
directly to military commands, It. 389^
Their corruption, iii. 302 ; iv. 268 ; v. 385 Comitia ctnturiata, earliest, i. 120 f.
Commercial interests, their Influence on Roman politics, iii. 238, 274, 095, 415, 421 iv. 175, 176
HISTORY OF ROME
On the abolition of the monarchy, ob Commrrcium withdrawn from the Ita tain the right ofannually designating the lian communities, ii. 52. From the
Consuls, of judging in appeals, and mak
ing new laws in concert with presiding
magistrates, i. 327, 328. Priority in
voting of equestr1an centuries, i. 320.
Assembly of the centuries in the camp,
i. 328, Reform of: each of the five
classes has equal number of votes ; Compitum, dictator at, 44a m,
238
Complega, ii. 386
Compulteria, Ii. 305
Comum. ii. 228, 370; iii. 305, 425 v. 132 Concilium withdrawn from the Italian
legislative formal acts and decrees in Confiscations by Sulla, iv. 103X matters affecting the clans, i. 327 f. Confiscations by Caesar, v. 365 Plebeian curiate assembly, i. 328, 360. Congonnetiacus, iii. 418
equestrian priority of vote abolished, iii. 50-54. Order of voting fixed by lot by C. Gracchus, iii. 345. Servian order of voting restored by Sulla, iii. 542, compact iv. 115. Position after the Sultan restoration, Iv. 114, 115
Comiiia curiata, summoned by the king
to do homage, and to sanction changes
In, or exceptions from, the existing
legal order, L 93-96. Ordinary, twice iii. 369
a year (March 24 and May 24), i. 93. Confarreatio, relation to the earliest con- Vote taken by heads, i. 360. After stitution of ten curies, 85 n. Sym admission of plebeians restricted to bolic act, 202
Conistorgis, town of the Celtic! , iii. 22o Consensual contracts, actionable, iii. 92 n, Conscntia, 466. Attitude in second
Punic war, 094. Stormed by the
gladiators, iv. 359
Consilium, 330
Consualia, 208
Consuls, meaning of name, 318 a.
Their earliest appellations, 318. Supreme administrators, judges, and generals, 318. Each of them pos sessing the whole regal power in case of collision, the imperia neutralize each other, 318 Authority dormant during a dictatorship, 325. Bound to resign office after the expiry of year, 319. No fixed day tor entering on their year of office, 319 n. Power similar to the royal, 317. /C But differ ing from by the introduction of responsibility consul impeachable after the expiry of his term for a crime per petrated while in office, 319 by the abolition of royal taskwork and client- ship, 319 f. ; by the legal establish ment of the right of the community to judge on appeal in capital sentences
Roman, penetrates to Northern by restrictions on right to delegate hit GanLv. 30 powers, 321, or to nominate bis sac-
Compore Burgess-body
Comitia triouta, originally assembly of
plebeian landholders, i. 360. Introduc tion of, i- 360. Patricio -plebeian, i. 368. Predominance in later times, iii. 52/! After Sulla's time, nominate new
senators, iv. 1 13. /C
fv. 113 Comitium, i. 140
Nominate
quaestors,
Commagene. See Ant1ochus and Ptole- maeus
Commerce, oldest Italian inland, its fairs, i. 250. Media of exchange : oxen and sheep, i, 251 ; and copper, i. 252, Subsequent development, -j%/,
Commerce, earliest Italian transmarine,
especially on the west coast import
chiefly of Greek and Oriental articles
of luxury, 252 - 255. Export or
Italian raw produce, 255. Etruscan,
Attic, and Latino -Sicilian, 257 f.
Subsequent development of transmarine
commerce, ii.
;
it, :; i.
i.
C
;
;
; i.
i.
ii.
534
HISTORY OF ROME
be lost within the state, i. tytjl, 198. /C ' Ap. Claudius [officer in the war with
Within Latium, i. 131 /. Sparingly
conferred in very early times, i. 112.
Given to the Alban clans, i. 128. Later
civitas of plebeians, i. 333. Burgess-
rights formerly forced upon the holders,
then coveted and conferred as a favour,
ii. 52 f. After subjugation of Italy,
less frequently bestowed, iii. 26, 493 f.
Its assumption forbidden, iii. 496. After
the Social war, bestowed, with limita
tions, on the Italians, iii. 516 /. , 527/. ;
iv. 62 . /. The Sulplcian law equalizing C. Claudius Nero [censor, 550; consul, old and new burgesses, iii. 531-535. 547], propraetor in Spain, ii. 324, 330, The same confirmed by Cinna, iv. 58, 337, 347-348/, 351/
70 f. By Sulla, iv. 106, 114 f. Ex C. Claudius Marcellus [consul, 704], v.
tensively conferred by Caesar on non-
Italians, v. 425/
Civil ates foederatae, iv. 157
Civitates immunes, iv. 158
Civic community. See Urban
Clanis, iv. 86
Clans form the community, i. 80. Clan
command after Cannae, ii. 298, 303, 304, 305, 310; iii. 51/ War in Sicily, ii- 310-313. Charges against him, iii. 57/ His treatment of the Syracusans, iii. 33. The first to bring art-treasures from conquered Greek cities to Rome, iii. 208. His death, ii 343
M. Claudius Marcellus [consul, 588, 599, 602], iii. 217/, 299 n.
M. Claudius Marcellus in the Social war iii. 509
M. Claudius Marcellus [consul, 703], v. 173, 179, 3=°
P. Claudius Pulcher [consul, 505], defeated at Drepana, ii. 188/. Mocks the ans pices, iii. 11s
independence, parts of the canton, i. 46. Gentes maiores et mitutres, i. 108. Significance of gentile ties even at the time of the abolition of the monarchy, l. 3t6.
Classes, i. 115. /". , "8
Ciassici, i. 118
Clastidium, battle of, li. 228, 270, 272 n. Claudia [sister to the consul of 505], iii.
102
Claudii, the patrician (Appendix), i. 495-
508
Claudius [decemvir, 303, 304], i. 365, 498-
500
Ap. Claudius Caecus [censor, 442 ; consul,
Perseus, 585], ii. 502, 505
Ap. Claudius [consul, 611 ; censor, 618], a
friend of the Gracchi, iii. 319, 323
Ap. Claudius, propraetor before Nola, iii.
547. Outlawed, iv. 72
Ap. Claudius [consul, 675], iv. 138, 306 Ap. Claudius, lieutenant in third Mithra-
datic war, iv. 336, 338
C Claudius [mil. tribune, 490], ii, 16&J'. C. Claudius Cento [commands the fleet,
447, 458]. His character, i. 395 ; ii. 93.
His censorship, i. 396 ; iii. 50 «. De Q. Claudius Quadrigarius, chronicler, v
meanour in reference to Pyrrhus, ii. 22.
Founds the system of useful public
works and buildings, i. 476; ii. 8? . 94.
And of honorary memorials of private
persons, ii. 91. His poems, ii. 94, zoo.
His calendar and formulae for actions,
it 113. Introduces r instead of s, ii. Cleonymus of Sparta, i. 482/
"5
Ap. Claudius Caudex [consul, 490], ii. 170 Ap. Claudius [consul, 495], i. 347
Ap. Claudius Pulcher [mil. tribune, 538 ;
Cleopatra, daughter of Ant1ochut ii. 445. 448 «. , 45o, 515/
Cleopatra, daughter of Mithradatcs, iv
406
consul, 542], ii. 298, 336, 337, 340. Fights Cleopatra, daughter of Ptolemaeot
against the Salassi, iii. 415 Auletes, v. 272, 276/, 28 1
Ap. Claudius [officer in the wax with Cleopatra, wife of Ptolemaeus Euergeta
Antiochus, 562 J, it 457 II. , It. 4
554], ii- 4". 423
185, 186
C. Claudius Marcellus [consul, 705], v.
188 «.
C. Claudius Pulcher [aedile, 655], im
proves the stage-decorations, iv. 236 Claud1us Unimanus [governor of Spain,
608] , iii. 223
M. Claudius Marcellus [consul, 532, 539,
consists often households, i. 85. Clan-
villages, the oldest form of settlements
in Latium,i. 44. /^ Without political Defeats the Celts, ii. 228. Takes the
540, 544, 546], his character, ii. 301 /.
496
Clauzus, Attus, migrates to Rome, i. 53 dav1es, iii. 5 n. , 16, 45
Clazomenae, ii. 461, 473. Supports the
Romans in the Social war, iii. 507 «. Pillaged by the pirates, iv. 308.
Qientship, meaning of the word, i. 109. A state of protected freedom, i. 78 f. Earliest position in the community, i. 79. A curse rests on its violation, i. 226. Based on assignation of land by protector to protected, i. 245^ Referred originally to the clan, not to the indi vidual patron, i. 246. Growth and sig nificance of, iii. 38 f. Not applied officially to relations of state law, ii. 47 n. Of towns, originating out of hon orary citizenship, i. 88 ; iii. 33
Clitarchus, ii. 2 «. , 112
Clitomachus, philosopher, iv. 192
Cloaca maxima, i. 141 ; ii. 119
Cloacae, construction of, iii. 22
P. Clodius, iv. 345, 517 ; v. 111-116, 126,
144/
Clodius Glaber, general in the Gladiator
ial war, iv. 358
Goelii, from Alba, i. 128
Cloelius, iv. 79
Clondicus, Celtic leader, il. 505
A. Cluentius, v. 300
L. Cluentius, Sara1iite leader in Social
535
Colonies of C. Gracchus, iii. 346, 374. Proposal of the elder Drusus, iii. 364 Of the younger Drusus, iii. 485. Of Sulla, iii. 541 iv. 109, 265.
Of the Servilian agrarian law, iv. 472,/C Com pare Capua
Coloniae civium Komanorum, 127 n. At first all on the sea-coast, 42, 48. Inland, iii. 26. All established in Italy after Aquileia, burgess-colonies, 52 n. The Transpadane towns designated as such, v. 131 J. Rise of municipal system, iv. 131-134
Coloniae Latinae, oldest, 135. Founded by Romano- Latin league, and received into as new independent members, 439. Colonists at first a mixture of Romans and Latins subsequent pre dominance of Romans, 440, 441. Compare Latin league
Colonies, non - Italian, projects of T. Gracchus, iii. 312. Of C Gracchus, iii. 346. Founding of Narbo, iii. 374, 419; iv. 191 v. 422. Proposals of Saturni- nus, iii. 468, 476. Of the younger Drusus, iii 485. Colonies of Caesar in Cisalpine Gaul, v. 131. In Transalpine Gaul, v. 98, 422. At various points, v. 423-425 m
Colophon, ii. 473 iii. 279 iv. 47. Pillaged by the pirates, iv. 308
Columns, building of, iii. 207
Comana, iv. 95, 332. High priest of, Iv.
438
Comedy, newer Attic, iii. 141-146 Comedy, Roman Hellenism and political
indifference, iii. 147-151. Dramatis persona* and situations, iii. 151 ,/C Composition of, iii. 153 f. Roman barbarism, iii. 154. Metres, iii. 155. Scenic arrangements, iii. 155
Comitia, non-freehold burgesses admitted generally by Appius Claudius, 396
In a more limited sense by Fabius RuU lianus, 396. Gradual extension of their functions, 397 First step to wards consulting them on administrative affairs, 397 /, Demagogic enlarge ment of their functions, iii. 57/. Vot ing districts disorganized, iii. 37, 38. Decreasing importance, 398 Nul lity of later comitia, iii. 59/. " Intro duction of voting by ballot, iii. 300, 316, 34a Better control aimed at by Marius, iii. 454. Condition in the time of the Gracchi, iii. 300 f. , 329-333. 'In the time of Sulla, iii. 541-545 iv. :<
In the time of Caesar, v. 338. Appoint
Clodius, v. z11.
v- 373
Collini, 68 n. , 69
Restricted by Caesar,
68.
Battle at the, iii. 68 n.
Colline Gate,
Collie, 68
Collis agonalis,
Colonnades occur, iii. 206
Colonies, Italian, their salutary effect on
the social state of Rome, 391. Be tween the Apennines and the Po, iii. 99,/ Stoppage of colonization in Italy since end of sixth century, iii. 312
INDEX
war, iii. 522
Cluilia fossa, i. 58
Clunia in Spain, iv. 297, 304
Clupea, i. 180, 182, 183, 184 ; iii. 252 Clupeus, 76 n.
Clu5ium = Camars,
224; iv. 167
Cnidus, iv. 47. Pillaged by the pirates,
iv. 308
Cnossus, iv. 353
Coelesyria, conflict between Syria and
Egypt about, ii. 515, 517 Coelius. See Caelius
Cohore amicorum, iii. 460 Cohorts. See Legion Coinage. See Money
Colchis, iv. 13, 20, 94, 414-416 Collatia, 125, 130
Collegia (clubs) in Rome, v. z11, 370. First forb1dden by decree of senate in 690, iv. 267 Allowed again by
143, 414, 428
»-
/.
89
; 1
i.
i.
i. i. /
i.
ii.
i. i.
f.
i. /.
;
;
i.
i.
i.
i. f.
;; /. ;
i.
-
f.
f. f. i. /,
i.
i. i.
;
it
ii.
536
directly to military commands, It. 389^
Their corruption, iii. 302 ; iv. 268 ; v. 385 Comitia ctnturiata, earliest, i. 120 f.
Commercial interests, their Influence on Roman politics, iii. 238, 274, 095, 415, 421 iv. 175, 176
HISTORY OF ROME
On the abolition of the monarchy, ob Commrrcium withdrawn from the Ita tain the right ofannually designating the lian communities, ii. 52. From the
Consuls, of judging in appeals, and mak
ing new laws in concert with presiding
magistrates, i. 327, 328. Priority in
voting of equestr1an centuries, i. 320.
Assembly of the centuries in the camp,
i. 328, Reform of: each of the five
classes has equal number of votes ; Compitum, dictator at, 44a m,
238
Complega, ii. 386
Compulteria, Ii. 305
Comum. ii. 228, 370; iii. 305, 425 v. 132 Concilium withdrawn from the Italian
legislative formal acts and decrees in Confiscations by Sulla, iv. 103X matters affecting the clans, i. 327 f. Confiscations by Caesar, v. 365 Plebeian curiate assembly, i. 328, 360. Congonnetiacus, iii. 418
equestrian priority of vote abolished, iii. 50-54. Order of voting fixed by lot by C. Gracchus, iii. 345. Servian order of voting restored by Sulla, iii. 542, compact iv. 115. Position after the Sultan restoration, Iv. 114, 115
Comiiia curiata, summoned by the king
to do homage, and to sanction changes
In, or exceptions from, the existing
legal order, L 93-96. Ordinary, twice iii. 369
a year (March 24 and May 24), i. 93. Confarreatio, relation to the earliest con- Vote taken by heads, i. 360. After stitution of ten curies, 85 n. Sym admission of plebeians restricted to bolic act, 202
Conistorgis, town of the Celtic! , iii. 22o Consensual contracts, actionable, iii. 92 n, Conscntia, 466. Attitude in second
Punic war, 094. Stormed by the
gladiators, iv. 359
Consilium, 330
Consualia, 208
Consuls, meaning of name, 318 a.
Their earliest appellations, 318. Supreme administrators, judges, and generals, 318. Each of them pos sessing the whole regal power in case of collision, the imperia neutralize each other, 318 Authority dormant during a dictatorship, 325. Bound to resign office after the expiry of year, 319. No fixed day tor entering on their year of office, 319 n. Power similar to the royal, 317. /C But differ ing from by the introduction of responsibility consul impeachable after the expiry of his term for a crime per petrated while in office, 319 by the abolition of royal taskwork and client- ship, 319 f. ; by the legal establish ment of the right of the community to judge on appeal in capital sentences
Roman, penetrates to Northern by restrictions on right to delegate hit GanLv. 30 powers, 321, or to nominate bis sac-
Compore Burgess-body
Comitia triouta, originally assembly of
plebeian landholders, i. 360. Introduc tion of, i- 360. Patricio -plebeian, i. 368. Predominance in later times, iii. 52/! After Sulla's time, nominate new
senators, iv. 1 13. /C
fv. 113 Comitium, i. 140
Nominate
quaestors,
Commagene. See Ant1ochus and Ptole- maeus
Commerce, oldest Italian inland, its fairs, i. 250. Media of exchange : oxen and sheep, i, 251 ; and copper, i. 252, Subsequent development, -j%/,
Commerce, earliest Italian transmarine,
especially on the west coast import
chiefly of Greek and Oriental articles
of luxury, 252 - 255. Export or
Italian raw produce, 255. Etruscan,
Attic, and Latino -Sicilian, 257 f.
Subsequent development of transmarine
commerce, ii.
